20:
255:
101:
WML site was created and developed as side project to test the device's capabilities by a billing engineer called
Christopher Bee and National Deployment Manager, Euan McLeod. The WML site consists of four pages in both Dutch and English that contained many grammatical errors in Dutch as the two
245:
and even standard HTML as processing power in handsets increases. These standards are concerned with formatting and presentation. They do not however address cell-phone or mobile device hardware interfacing in the same way as WML.
446:
235:, using a URL (for example, http://example.com/foo.wml). (Provided the mobile phone operator has not specifically locked the phone to prevent access of user-specified URLs.)
612:
208:
A WML document is known as a "deck". Data in the deck is structured into one or more "cards" (pages), each of which represents a single interaction with the user.
439:
539:
319:
505:
964:
605:
432:
382:
334:
959:
929:
766:
70:
created the WML 1.1 standard in 1998. WML 2.0 was specified in 2001, but has not been widely adopted. It was an attempt at bridging WML and
839:
579:
598:
940:
816:
796:
329:
806:
63:
358:
969:
564:
534:
303:
39:
781:
475:
238:
WML has a scaled-down set of procedural elements, which can be used by the author to control navigation to other cards.
66:, Nokia's "Tagged Text Markup Language" (TTML) and Ericsson's proprietary markup language for mobile content, the
844:
559:
899:
834:
746:
637:
574:
115:
500:
46:. It provides navigational support, data input, hyperlinks, text and image presentation, and forms, much like
223:), which sits between mobile devices and the World Wide Web, passing pages from one to the other much like a
869:
529:
485:
231:). This process is hidden from the phone, so it may access the page in the same way as a browser accesses
219:
in addition to plain HTML and variants. The WML cards when requested by a device are accessed by a bridge (
19:
263:
669:
490:
271:
569:
456:
339:
79:
884:
524:
122:) can be used to validate WML documents (they are validated against their declared document type).
16:
Markup language intended for devices that implement the
Wireless Application Protocol specification
50:(Hypertext Markup Language). It preceded the use of other markup languages used with WAP, such as
519:
874:
700:
657:
509:
254:
54:
and HTML itself, which achieved dominance as processing power in mobile devices increased.
642:
621:
267:
35:
82:
became the markup language used in WAP 2.0. The newest WML version in active use is 1.3.
652:
324:
953:
786:
647:
291:
227:. The gateways send the WML pages on in a form suitable for mobile device reception (
43:
424:
664:
629:
224:
86:
220:
71:
731:
212:
103:
94:
409:
761:
590:
554:
514:
480:
314:
283:
216:
67:
864:
859:
849:
826:
821:
736:
715:
394:
370:
294:
can also interpret WML via two extensions: WML and FireMobileSimulator.
904:
801:
776:
756:
495:
279:
275:
98:
90:
75:
894:
889:
811:
751:
741:
695:
419:
287:
125:
For example, the following WML page could be saved as "example.wml":
114:
WML documents are XML documents that validate against the WML DTD (
924:
909:
854:
791:
710:
690:
544:
253:
242:
228:
51:
18:
93:
in
October 1999 and the first company in the world to launch the
914:
879:
771:
685:
470:
232:
133:<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN"
47:
594:
428:
705:
31:
414:
395:"Wireless Markup Language (WML) 1.3 Document Type Definition"
371:"Wireless Markup Language (WML) 2.0 Document Type Definition"
119:
106:
as the home page and neither were native Dutch speakers.
136:"http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml" >
85:
The first company to launch a public WML site was Dutch
102:
developers were unaware the WML was configured on the
290:) could interpret WML through the WMLBrowser add-on.
724:
678:
628:
463:
241:Mobile devices are moving towards allowing more
304:Wireless Application Protocol § Criticism
606:
440:
8:
320:Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format
258:Screenshot of WMLBrowser on Mozilla Firefox
613:
599:
591:
447:
433:
425:
410:Technical Specifications at the WAP Forum
215:configured to serve the text/vnd.wap.wml
38:intended for devices that implement the
351:
335:Comparison of document markup languages
118:) . The W3C Markup Validation service (
130:<?xml version="1.0"?>
7:
359:The HCI blog: A brief History of WAP
211:WML decks are stored on an ordinary
157:"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
250:WML capability in desktop browsers
14:
941:List of document markup languages
330:List of document markup languages
23:Evolution of mobile web standards
78:spec was finalized. In the end,
965:Open Mobile Alliance standards
383:"One quick note about WML 2.0"
1:
960:Wireless Application Protocol
42:(WAP) specification, such as
40:Wireless Application Protocol
415:XHTML-MP Authoring Practices
381:Openwave Developer Network:
274:) understood WML natively.
986:
301:
938:
622:Document markup languages
638:Compound Document Format
151:"Content-Type"
127:
120:http://validator.w3.org/
116:Document Type Definition
28:Wireless Markup Language
266:layout engine (used by
62:Building on Openwave's
259:
178:"First Card"
24:
282:(before version 57),
270:before its switch to
257:
195:ThisisasampleWMLpage.
22:
970:XML markup languages
570:XHTML Mobile Profile
457:Open Mobile Alliance
420:Open Mobile Alliance
340:XHTML Mobile Profile
80:XHTML Mobile Profile
525:OMA Presence SIMPLE
260:
25:
947:
946:
588:
587:
278:-based browsers (
89:network operator
34:, is an obsolete
30:(WML), based on
977:
875:ReStructuredText
658:WordprocessingML
615:
608:
601:
592:
510:Wireless Village
449:
442:
435:
426:
397:
391:
385:
379:
373:
367:
361:
356:
204:
201:
198:
194:
191:
190:"wrap"
188:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
172:"main"
170:
167:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
146:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
985:
984:
980:
979:
978:
976:
975:
974:
950:
949:
948:
943:
934:
720:
674:
624:
619:
589:
584:
459:
453:
406:
401:
400:
392:
388:
380:
376:
368:
364:
357:
353:
348:
311:
306:
300:
252:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
112:
60:
36:markup language
17:
12:
11:
5:
983:
981:
973:
972:
967:
962:
952:
951:
945:
944:
939:
936:
935:
933:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
728:
726:
722:
721:
719:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
682:
680:
676:
675:
673:
672:
667:
662:
661:
660:
655:
653:PresentationML
650:
640:
634:
632:
626:
625:
620:
618:
617:
610:
603:
595:
586:
585:
583:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
467:
465:
461:
460:
454:
452:
451:
444:
437:
429:
423:
422:
417:
412:
405:
404:External links
402:
399:
398:
386:
374:
362:
350:
349:
347:
344:
343:
342:
337:
332:
327:
325:Mobile browser
322:
317:
310:
307:
302:Main article:
299:
296:
251:
248:
229:WAP Binary XML
128:
111:
108:
59:
56:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
982:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
957:
955:
942:
937:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
787:Enriched text
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
729:
727:
723:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
681:
677:
671:
668:
666:
663:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
648:SpreadsheetML
646:
645:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
633:
631:
627:
623:
616:
611:
609:
604:
602:
597:
596:
593:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
468:
466:
462:
458:
455:Standards of
450:
445:
443:
438:
436:
431:
430:
427:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
407:
403:
396:
390:
387:
384:
378:
375:
372:
366:
363:
360:
355:
352:
345:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
312:
308:
305:
297:
295:
293:
292:Google Chrome
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
256:
249:
247:
244:
239:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
200:</card>
163:</head>
126:
123:
121:
117:
109:
107:
105:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
57:
55:
53:
49:
45:
44:mobile phones
41:
37:
33:
29:
21:
919:
725:Lesser-known
630:Office suite
549:
389:
377:
365:
354:
261:
240:
237:
210:
207:
203:</wml>
142:<head>
124:
113:
87:mobile phone
84:
61:
27:
26:
393:WAP Forum:
369:WAP Forum:
221:WAP gateway
148:http-equiv=
139:<wml>
74:before the
72:XHTML Basic
58:WML history
954:Categories
732:AmigaGuide
679:Well-known
346:References
213:web server
197:</p>
110:WML markup
104:Nokia 7110
95:Nokia 7110
762:CrossMark
555:WMLScript
515:OMA LWM2M
481:OMA BCAST
464:Standards
315:WMLScript
298:Criticism
284:SeaMonkey
217:MIME type
68:WAP Forum
915:Wikitext
865:Org-mode
860:OpenMath
850:MusicXML
827:LinuxDoc
822:LilyPond
737:AsciiDoc
716:Markdown
506:OMA IMPS
309:See also
166:<card
154:content=
145:<meta
905:Texinfo
802:GuideML
777:DocBook
757:ConTeXt
520:OMA PoC
496:OMA DRM
280:Firefox
276:Mozilla
99:Telfort
91:Telfort
76:WAP 2.0
895:Setext
890:S1000D
812:HyTime
752:C-HTML
742:BBCode
696:MathML
530:OMA SE
501:OMA DS
491:OMA DM
486:OMA CP
288:MicroB
264:Presto
175:title=
97:. The
925:WapTV
910:troff
855:OMDoc
792:FHTML
711:LaTeX
691:XHTML
643:OOXML
580:SCOMO
545:WBXML
272:Blink
268:Opera
243:XHTML
225:proxy
187:mode=
184:<p
160:/>
52:XHTML
930:XAML
880:RTML
840:MAML
831:Lout
807:HDML
772:Djot
767:DITA
686:HTML
540:WBMP
471:FUMO
262:The
233:HTML
193:>
181:>
64:HDML
48:HTML
920:WML
900:TEI
885:RFT
870:POD
845:MEI
835:MIF
817:IPF
797:GML
782:EAD
747:CML
706:TeX
701:RTF
670:UOF
665:ODF
575:MLP
565:WTP
560:WSP
550:WML
535:WAP
476:MMS
169:id=
32:XML
956::
508:/
286:,
614:e
607:t
600:v
448:e
441:t
434:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
