60:
1927:
25:
132:
better equipment, after taking over from Wolf. This scaling has been dropped from the revised series, making modern counts closer to their raw values. Also, counts were reduced slightly after 1947 to compensate for bias introduced by a new counting method adopted that year, in which sunspots are weighted according to their size.
131:
Since 1 July 2015 a revised and updated international sunspot number series has been made available. The biggest difference is an overall increase by a factor of 1.6 to the entire series. Traditionally, a scaling of 0.6 was applied to all sunspot counts after 1893, to compensate for Alfred Wolfer's
646:
The accuracy of the compilation of the group sunspot number series has been questioned, motivating the development of several alternative series suggesting different behavior of sunspot group activity before the 20th century. However, indirect indices of solar activity favor the group sunspot number
289:
The observatory factor compensates for the differing number of recorded individual sunspots and sunspot groups by different observers. These differences in recorded values occur due to differences in instrumentation, local seeing, personal experience, and other factors between observers. Since Wolf
127:
in 1843, thus sometimes it is also referred to as the
Schwabe cycle. The periodicity is not constant but varies roughly in the range 9.5 to 11 years. The international sunspot number series extends back to 1700 with annual values while daily values exist only since 1818.
650:
A different index of sunspot activity was introduced in 1998 in the form of the number of groups apparent on the solar disc. With this index it was made possible to include sunspot data acquired since 1609, being the date of the invention of the telescope.
560:
103:
Astronomers have been observing the Sun recording information about sunspots since the advent of the telescope in 1609. However, the idea of compiling the information about the sunspot number from various observers originates in
298:
To calculate the 13-month smoothed monthly mean sunspot number, which is commonly used to calculate the minima and maxima of solar cycles, a tapered-boxcar smoothing function is used. For a given month
119:
The international sunspot number series is still being produced today at the observatory of
Brussels. The international number series shows an approximate periodicity of 11 years, the
379:
205:
596:
788:
Clette, Frédéric; Svalgaard, Leif; Vaquero, José M.; Cliver, Edward W. (December 2014). "Revisiting the
Sunspot Number: A 400-Year Perspective on the Solar Cycle".
371:
344:
636:
616:
317:
275:
253:
231:
158:
638:. The smoothed monthly mean is intended to dampen any sudden jumps in the monthly sunspot number and remove the effects of the 27-day solar rotation period.
1065:
Chatzistergos, T.; et al. (2017). "New reconstruction of the sunspot group numbers since 1739 using direct calibration and "backbone" methods".
1213:
704:
841:
Clette, Frédéric; Berghmans, David; Vanlommel, Petra; Van der Linden, Ronald A.M.; Koeckelenbergh, André; Wauters, Laurence (January 2007).
914:"Centennial variations in sunspot number, open solar flux, and streamer belt width: 1. Correction of the sunspot number record since 1874"
1457:
1751:
1437:
116:. The produced series initially had his name, but now it is more commonly referred to as the international sunspot number series.
744:
1907:
1172:
1912:
1009:
Usoskin; et al. (2016). "A new calibrated sunspot group series since 1749: statistics of active day fractions".
1951:
1710:
761:
1888:
1956:
1227:
Wu, C.-J.; et al. (2018). "Solar total and spectral irradiance reconstruction over the last 9000 years".
665:
1583:
1882:
1725:
1618:
1778:
1598:
1430:
1207:
83:
and groups of sunspots present on the surface of the Sun. Historically, it was only possible to detect
842:
1862:
1832:
1650:
1467:
1358:
1303:
1246:
1187:
1137:
1084:
1028:
975:
928:
854:
807:
555:{\displaystyle R_{s}=(0.5R_{m-6}+R_{m-5}+\dots +R_{m-1}+R_{m}+R_{m+1}+\dots +R_{m+5}+0.5R_{m+6})/12}
59:
1682:
1768:
1500:
1374:
1293:
1262:
1236:
1153:
1127:
1100:
1074:
1044:
1018:
991:
965:
823:
797:
1349:
Hoyt, D.; Schatten, K. H. (1998). "Group
Sunspot Numbers: A New Solar Activity Reconstruction".
166:
1173:"Assessment of different sunspot number series using the cosmogenic isotope 44Ti in meteorites"
956:
Svalgaard, Schatten (2016). "Reconstruction of the sunspot group number: the backbone method".
1902:
1817:
1623:
1331:
913:
700:
568:
1608:
1517:
1423:
1366:
1321:
1311:
1254:
1250:
1195:
1145:
1092:
1088:
1036:
983:
936:
862:
815:
692:
124:
349:
322:
1842:
1822:
1797:
1692:
1637:
1613:
1490:
1409:
88:
1395:
1362:
1307:
1191:
1141:
1032:
979:
932:
858:
811:
290:
was the primary observer for the relative sunspot number, his observatory factor was 1.
1812:
1792:
1787:
1575:
1480:
1405:
1326:
1281:
621:
601:
302:
260:
238:
216:
143:
1945:
1857:
1852:
1827:
1756:
1746:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1560:
1537:
1522:
1378:
1266:
1157:
995:
827:
720:
1104:
1048:
1930:
1837:
1807:
1802:
1763:
1593:
1588:
1565:
1547:
1527:
1258:
1096:
1773:
1720:
1715:
1702:
1687:
1645:
1555:
1509:
660:
120:
113:
105:
1847:
1677:
1485:
1475:
1370:
1149:
1040:
987:
866:
819:
696:
1730:
1603:
1335:
1199:
843:"From the Wolf number to the International Sunspot Index: 25 years of SIDC"
773:
109:
1872:
1316:
941:
80:
1532:
888:"What does smoothed monthly mean sunspot number actually mean? | SILSO"
84:
764:
function on the data gives an average maximum at 10.4883 years/cycle.
686:
92:
1241:
1079:
1023:
970:
1401:
Solar
Influences Data Analysis Center (SIDC) for the Sunspot Index
1298:
1132:
1118:
Usoskin, I. (2017). "A history of solar activity over millennia".
802:
887:
1867:
1400:
757:
277:
is a factor that varies with observer and is referred to as the
1419:
1446:
18:
1415:
743:, RWC Belgium, World Data Center for the Sunspot Index,
39:
740:
624:
604:
571:
382:
352:
325:
305:
263:
241:
219:
169:
146:
1895:
1881:
1739:
1701:
1636:
1574:
1546:
1508:
1499:
1466:
630:
610:
590:
554:
365:
338:
311:
269:
247:
225:
199:
152:
1180:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
774:Switching to the new Sunspot Number (1 July 2015)
1431:
8:
95:spacecrafts allow their direct observation.
87:on the far side of the Sun indirectly using
79:) is a quantity that measures the number of
1505:
1438:
1424:
1416:
783:
781:
760:for the last 300 years and running a fast
1325:
1315:
1297:
1240:
1131:
1078:
1022:
969:
940:
801:
623:
603:
576:
570:
544:
529:
507:
482:
469:
450:
425:
406:
387:
381:
357:
351:
330:
324:
304:
262:
240:
218:
168:
145:
58:
677:
1205:
685:Vaquero, Jose M.; Vazquez, M. (2009).
1406:NASA Solar Physics Sunspot Cycle page
1396:The Exploratorium's Guide to Sunspots
1060:
1058:
7:
255:is the number of sunspot groups, and
1171:Asvestari, E.; et al. (2017).
319:, with a monthly sunspot number of
1212:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
647:series by Chatzistergos T. et al.
233:is the number of individual spots,
14:
1926:
1925:
688:The Sun Recorded Through History
23:
1286:Living Reviews in Solar Physics
1120:Living Reviews in Solar Physics
1410:Table of Sunspot Numbers (txt)
912:Lockwood; et al. (2014).
598:is the monthly sunspot number
541:
396:
283:personal reduction coefficient
194:
179:
160:is computed using the formula
1:
1908:List of heliophysics missions
1913:Category:Missions to the Sun
745:Royal Observatory of Belgium
346:, the smoothed monthly mean
140:The relative sunspot number
1259:10.1051/0004-6361/201832956
1097:10.1051/0004-6361/201630045
921:J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys
123:, which was first found by
34:may have misleading content
16:Measure of sunspot activity
1973:
847:Advances in Space Research
200:{\displaystyle R=k(10g+s)}
1921:
1889:G-type main-sequence star
1453:
1150:10.1007/s41116-017-0006-9
1041:10.1007/s11207-015-0838-1
988:10.1007/s11207-015-0815-8
867:10.1016/j.asr.2006.12.045
820:10.1007/s11214-014-0074-2
697:10.1007/978-0-387-92790-9
1752:In mythology and culture
1282:"Solar cycle prediction"
1371:10.1023/A:1005007527816
1251:2018A&A...620A.120W
1089:2017A&A...602A..69C
618:months away from month
591:{\displaystyle R_{m+n}}
73:relative sunspot number
63:Wolf number since 1750.
1619:Supra-arcade downflows
1412:by month since 1749 CE
632:
612:
592:
556:
367:
340:
313:
271:
249:
227:
201:
154:
64:
1599:Coronal mass ejection
1280:Petrovay, K. (2019).
790:Space Science Reviews
691:. Springer New York.
666:Joy's law (astronomy)
633:
613:
593:
557:
368:
366:{\displaystyle R_{s}}
341:
339:{\displaystyle R_{m}}
314:
294:Smoothed monthly mean
272:
250:
228:
202:
155:
91:. Since 2006, NASA's
62:
1863:Standard solar model
1833:Solar radio emission
1651:List of solar cycles
1317:10.12942/lrsp-2010-6
1200:10.1093/mnras/stx190
942:10.1002/2014JA019970
747:, 'year(s)-of-data'.
622:
602:
569:
380:
373:can be expressed as
350:
323:
303:
261:
239:
217:
167:
144:
1683:Magnetic switchback
1363:1998SoPh..179..189H
1308:2020LRSP...17....2P
1192:2017MNRAS.467.1608A
1142:2017LRSP...14....3U
1033:2016SoPh..291.2685U
1017:(9–10): 2685–2708.
980:2016SoPh..291.2653S
933:2014JGRA..119.5172L
859:2007AdSpR..40..919C
812:2014SSRv..186...35C
721:"The Sun - History"
71:(also known as the
40:clarify the content
1873:Sunlight radiation
1468:Internal structure
642:Alternative series
628:
608:
588:
552:
363:
336:
309:
279:observatory factor
267:
245:
223:
197:
150:
65:
1952:Stellar phenomena
1939:
1938:
1903:Solar observatory
1818:Solar observation
1716:Termination shock
1632:
1631:
1584:Transition region
1229:Astron. Astrophys
1067:Astron. Astrophys
706:978-0-387-92790-9
631:{\displaystyle m}
611:{\displaystyle n}
312:{\displaystyle m}
270:{\displaystyle k}
248:{\displaystyle g}
226:{\displaystyle s}
153:{\displaystyle R}
57:
56:
1964:
1929:
1928:
1518:Supergranulation
1506:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1417:
1383:
1382:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1329:
1319:
1301:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1244:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1203:
1186:(2): 1608–1613.
1177:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1135:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1082:
1062:
1053:
1052:
1026:
1006:
1000:
999:
973:
953:
947:
946:
944:
927:(7): 5172–5182.
918:
909:
903:
902:
900:
898:
884:
878:
877:
875:
873:
838:
832:
831:
805:
785:
776:
771:
765:
756:Using data from
754:
748:
738:
732:
731:
729:
728:
717:
711:
710:
682:
637:
635:
634:
629:
617:
615:
614:
609:
597:
595:
594:
589:
587:
586:
561:
559:
558:
553:
548:
540:
539:
518:
517:
493:
492:
474:
473:
461:
460:
436:
435:
417:
416:
392:
391:
372:
370:
369:
364:
362:
361:
345:
343:
342:
337:
335:
334:
318:
316:
315:
310:
276:
274:
273:
268:
254:
252:
251:
246:
232:
230:
229:
224:
206:
204:
203:
198:
159:
157:
156:
151:
125:Heinrich Schwabe
52:
49:
43:
27:
26:
19:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1957:Solar phenomena
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1917:
1891:
1877:
1843:Solar telescope
1823:Solar phenomena
1798:Solar astronomy
1735:
1697:
1693:Helioseismology
1628:
1614:Helmet streamer
1570:
1542:
1495:
1491:Convection zone
1462:
1449:
1444:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1204:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1008:
1007:
1003:
955:
954:
950:
916:
911:
910:
906:
896:
894:
886:
885:
881:
871:
869:
840:
839:
835:
796:(1–4): 35–103.
787:
786:
779:
772:
768:
755:
751:
739:
735:
726:
724:
719:
718:
714:
707:
684:
683:
679:
674:
657:
644:
620:
619:
600:
599:
572:
567:
566:
525:
503:
478:
465:
446:
421:
402:
383:
378:
377:
353:
348:
347:
326:
321:
320:
301:
300:
296:
259:
258:
237:
236:
215:
214:
165:
164:
142:
141:
138:
101:
89:helioseismology
53:
47:
44:
37:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1970:
1968:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1944:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1883:Spectral class
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1813:Solar neutrino
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:Solar activity
1790:
1788:Sun in fiction
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1766:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1642:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1624:Alfvén surface
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1481:Radiation zone
1478:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1403:
1398:
1391:
1390:External links
1388:
1385:
1384:
1357:(1): 189–219.
1341:
1272:
1219:
1163:
1110:
1054:
1001:
964:(9–10): 2653.
948:
904:
879:
853:(7): 919–928.
833:
777:
766:
749:
733:
712:
705:
676:
675:
673:
670:
669:
668:
663:
656:
653:
643:
640:
627:
607:
585:
582:
579:
575:
563:
562:
551:
547:
543:
538:
535:
532:
528:
524:
521:
516:
513:
510:
506:
502:
499:
496:
491:
488:
485:
481:
477:
472:
468:
464:
459:
456:
453:
449:
445:
442:
439:
434:
431:
428:
424:
420:
415:
412:
409:
405:
401:
398:
395:
390:
386:
360:
356:
333:
329:
308:
295:
292:
287:
286:
266:
256:
244:
234:
222:
208:
207:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
172:
149:
137:
134:
100:
97:
55:
54:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1969:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1932:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1858:Space weather
1856:
1854:
1853:Space climate
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1828:Solar physics
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1758:
1757:Lunar eclipse
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1711:Current sheet
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:Solar minimum
1666:
1664:
1663:Solar maximum
1661:
1659:
1658:Active region
1656:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1538:Ellerman bomb
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1351:Solar Physics
1345:
1342:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1011:Solar Physics
1005:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
972:
967:
963:
959:
958:Solar Physics
952:
949:
943:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
915:
908:
905:
893:
889:
883:
880:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
837:
834:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
804:
799:
795:
791:
784:
782:
778:
775:
770:
767:
763:
759:
753:
750:
746:
742:
737:
734:
722:
716:
713:
708:
702:
698:
694:
690:
689:
681:
678:
671:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
654:
652:
648:
641:
639:
625:
605:
583:
580:
577:
573:
549:
545:
536:
533:
530:
526:
522:
519:
514:
511:
508:
504:
500:
497:
494:
489:
486:
483:
479:
475:
470:
466:
462:
457:
454:
451:
447:
443:
440:
437:
432:
429:
426:
422:
418:
413:
410:
407:
403:
399:
393:
388:
384:
376:
375:
374:
358:
354:
331:
327:
306:
293:
291:
284:
280:
264:
257:
242:
235:
220:
213:
212:
211:
191:
188:
185:
182:
176:
173:
170:
163:
162:
161:
147:
135:
133:
129:
126:
122:
117:
115:
111:
107:
98:
96:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
77:Zürich number
74:
70:
61:
51:
41:
35:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
1838:Solar System
1808:Solar energy
1803:Solar dynamo
1764:Heliophysics
1672:
1594:Coronal loop
1589:Coronal hole
1566:Moreton wave
1548:Chromosphere
1354:
1350:
1344:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1208:cite journal
1183:
1179:
1166:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1070:
1066:
1014:
1010:
1004:
961:
957:
951:
924:
920:
907:
895:. Retrieved
891:
882:
870:. Retrieved
850:
846:
836:
793:
789:
769:
752:
736:
725:. Retrieved
723:. 2001-11-25
715:
687:
680:
649:
645:
564:
297:
288:
282:
278:
209:
139:
130:
118:
102:
76:
72:
68:
66:
45:
38:Please help
33:
1896:Exploration
1774:Solar deity
1721:Heliosheath
1703:Heliosphere
1673:Wolf number
1646:Solar cycle
1510:Photosphere
892:www.sidc.be
661:Solar cycle
136:Calculation
121:solar cycle
114:Switzerland
108:in 1848 in
106:Rudolf Wolf
69:Wolf number
48:August 2022
1946:Categories
1848:Solar time
1769:In culture
1726:Heliopause
1678:Solar wind
1609:Prominence
1501:Atmosphere
1486:Tachocline
1242:1811.03464
1080:1702.06183
1024:1512.06421
971:1506.00755
727:2012-01-08
672:References
1731:Bow shock
1638:Variation
1604:Nanoflare
1379:189822917
1299:1012.5513
1267:118843780
1158:195340740
1133:0810.3972
996:119221326
897:16 August
872:16 August
828:118511982
803:1407.3231
498:⋯
455:−
441:⋯
430:−
411:−
1931:Category
1336:27194963
1292:(1): 6.
1235:: A120.
1126:(1): 3.
1105:55139041
1049:32791225
655:See also
85:sunspots
81:sunspots
1747:Eclipse
1740:Related
1561:Spicule
1533:Sunspot
1528:Faculae
1523:Granule
1447:The Sun
1359:Bibcode
1327:4841181
1304:Bibcode
1247:Bibcode
1188:Bibcode
1138:Bibcode
1085:Bibcode
1073:: A69.
1029:Bibcode
976:Bibcode
929:Bibcode
855:Bibcode
808:Bibcode
281:or the
99:History
1576:Corona
1377:
1334:
1324:
1265:
1156:
1103:
1047:
994:
826:
703:
565:where
210:where
110:Zürich
93:STEREO
1688:Flare
1556:Plage
1375:S2CID
1294:arXiv
1263:S2CID
1237:arXiv
1176:(PDF)
1154:S2CID
1128:arXiv
1101:S2CID
1075:arXiv
1045:S2CID
1019:arXiv
992:S2CID
966:arXiv
917:(PDF)
824:S2CID
798:arXiv
1868:Star
1779:List
1476:Core
1458:List
1408:and
1332:PMID
1214:link
899:2022
874:2022
758:SIDC
741:SIDC
701:ISBN
67:The
1367:doi
1355:179
1322:PMC
1312:doi
1255:doi
1233:620
1196:doi
1184:467
1146:doi
1093:doi
1071:602
1037:doi
1015:291
984:doi
962:291
937:doi
925:119
863:doi
816:doi
794:186
762:FFT
693:doi
523:0.5
400:0.5
75:or
1948::
1373:.
1365:.
1353:.
1330:.
1320:.
1310:.
1302:.
1288:.
1284:.
1261:.
1253:.
1245:.
1231:.
1210:}}
1206:{{
1194:.
1182:.
1178:.
1152:.
1144:.
1136:.
1124:14
1122:.
1099:.
1091:.
1083:.
1069:.
1057:^
1043:.
1035:.
1027:.
1013:.
990:.
982:.
974:.
960:.
935:.
923:.
919:.
890:.
861:.
851:40
849:.
845:.
822:.
814:.
806:.
792:.
780:^
699:.
550:12
183:10
112:,
1439:e
1432:t
1425:v
1381:.
1369::
1361::
1338:.
1314::
1306::
1296::
1290:7
1269:.
1257::
1249::
1239::
1216:)
1202:.
1198::
1190::
1160:.
1148::
1140::
1130::
1107:.
1095::
1087::
1077::
1051:.
1039::
1031::
1021::
998:.
986::
978::
968::
945:.
939::
931::
901:.
876:.
865::
857::
830:.
818::
810::
800::
730:.
709:.
695::
626:m
606:n
584:n
581:+
578:m
574:R
546:/
542:)
537:6
534:+
531:m
527:R
520:+
515:5
512:+
509:m
505:R
501:+
495:+
490:1
487:+
484:m
480:R
476:+
471:m
467:R
463:+
458:1
452:m
448:R
444:+
438:+
433:5
427:m
423:R
419:+
414:6
408:m
404:R
397:(
394:=
389:s
385:R
359:s
355:R
332:m
328:R
307:m
285:.
265:k
243:g
221:s
195:)
192:s
189:+
186:g
180:(
177:k
174:=
171:R
148:R
50:)
46:(
42:.
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
