1945:. The union organized itself along industrial unionist lines, where recallable delegates were elected by workshops, factories, districts, areas and national councils from the bottom-up. The CWP was quickly rendered redundant and was subsequently superseded by the AWRU, as the AWRU adopted the CWP's entire programme as its own and developed it into an even more comprehensive one than the CWP's, with membership of the AWRU being accepted only on the condition of adhering to all six points of the CWP platform:
1070:." By June 1920, it had become apparent that the unity negotiations would not satisfy all the participants, as they were unable to agree either on the issues of parliamentary action or whether the new communist party should attempt to affiliate to the Labour Party. In an attempt to get ahead of the Communist Unity Convention, which they believed would be dominated by those on the "right-wing" that favored parliamentarism and affiliation, the WSF instead called an "Emergency Conference", inviting all the "
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2042:(NUWM). Initially, this attracted numerous former members of the NUWM, sometimes even whole branches throughout London. By the start of 1924, it claimed 3,000 members, mostly in London but also with a branch in Leeds. The organisation grew rapidly, which ended up becoming counterintuitive to the UWO's aims of organising an "army of production", given its members were made up of the
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643:
1028:
By March 1919, the WSF had moved to a hardline anti-parliamentary position, with
Pankhurst arguing socialists needed to choose between "perpetuating the Parliamentary system" or building up "an industrial republic on Soviet lines." At the party's conference in June 1919, it voted to ignore all future
2022:
without their development by pre-existing organisations, but in
Britain this kind of organising was no longer possible since the decline of the strike movement. However the model of dual unionism never bore fruit in Britain either, as its material circumstances were far different from that of the
1046:
in July 1919, asking for his support for the party's opposition to standing in elections; but to her disappointment, he argued that renouncing parliamentary action would be a mistake. While not changing its views, the WSF accordingly deprioritised this policy in the hope of furthering the unity
1065:
Alongside the question of parliamentary action, the issue of affiliation to the Labour Party provided another roadblock to the unity negotiations. In March 1920, the WSF's executive committee declared that "if the BSP refuses to withdraw from the Labour Party, we get on with formation of
916:
of 1917, which acted as a catalyst that changed their position from supporting universal suffrage towards anti-parliamentarism. When, in
January 1918, the new Bolshevik government in Russia dissolved the Assembly, the group now welcomed its replacement by the
2031:. When the AWRU announced its campaign to build the "One Big Union" in July 1923, they also admitted that they had no funds and very few people. Despite optimism concerning a rise in revolutionary sentiment, by the end of 1923 the AWRU had dissolved.
1033:
by opening discussions with other socialist groups with the aim of forming a single communist party. As a result, it organised meetings in London later in the month, which were attended both by anti-parliamentarists such as the WSF and
1195:, where Lenin personally persuaded Sylvia that her objections were less important than unity, and that it would be possible to maintain an anti-Parliamentary opposition within the CPGB. Pankhurst called a conference, inviting the
1933:. They intended as such to establish a British counterpart to the AAUD, just as the CWP was intended as the British counterpart to the KAPD. Taking the AAUd's programme as a basis, in September 1922 the CWP established the
3375:
1001:, reflecting its growing opposition to Parliamentarism. However, their views on parliamentarism remained in a state of transition, with substantial internal disagreement on the issue. As preparation for the
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As public opinion turned against the war, the group gained new support, and its newspaper increased its circulation. To reflect its now broader political positions, in March 1916 it renamed itself the
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of trying to change union leadership from within and earlier socialist experiences with electoralism, arguing that institutional trade unionism needed to be abolished entirely and replaced with
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By this point, Sylvia had many disagreements with the route the WSPU was taking. She wanted an explicitly socialist organisation tackling wider issues than women's suffrage, aligned with the
3335:
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3135:
3821:
855:. From the start of 1917, it adopted a new aim: "to secure Human Suffrage, namely, a Vote, for every Woman and Man of full age, and to win Social and Economic Freedom for the People".
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These and other differences, including personal ones, led to Sylvia's expulsion, along with the East London
Federation, from the WSPU. In early 1914, they renamed themselves the
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2010:, with the CWP even claiming in 1923 that "Communism and the All-Workers' Revolutionary Union are synonymous." This model stood in contrast to how the Soviets of the
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capable of abolishing capitalism. Pankhurst criticised the attempts to reform existing trade unions from within, drawing parallels between the amalgamationists'
1789:
1006:
1517:
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1158:(CP(BSTI)) and voted to boycott future unity meetings. Instead, it attempted to interest the SLP in a merger. They proposed opening discussions with the
529:
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2027:(IWW) had seen success. The lack of reception to dual unionism meant that the organisation of the AWRU existed largely within the CWP's literature in
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group had moved away from that position towards dual unionism, with
Pankhurst writing in an August 1921 article that workers needed to unite into
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472:
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1905:(a) built up on the workshop basis, covering all workers, regardless of sex, craft, or grade, who pledge themselves to work for the overthrow of
440:
1917:
being organised as a department of the One
Revolutionary Union, so that they may have local and national representation in the workers' Soviets.
1846:" that advocated for building new industrial unions from scratch. Where trade unionists aligned with the CPGB largely pursued amalgamation, the
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The conference was held in June 1920 but was attended only by WSF members, some local groups and independents. It agreed to form the
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1885:(CWP), with this newly-adopted industrial unionist policy as its foundation. In the party's programme, it stated its aim as such:
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Despite its evolving position, during much of 1917, the party remained focused on campaigning for universal suffrage and an end to
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were the most democratic form of government. The WSF also looked forward to the
Russian withdrawal from the war, welcoming the
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constituency, but it remained willing to support other socialist candidates for
Parliament. The group went on to support the
1005:
was underway, the WSF stated that it would not stand candidates in the election, Pankhurst herself refusing to stand for the
902:
742:
514:
173:
2648:
Bullock, Ian (1992). "Sylvia
Pankhurst and the Russian Revolution: The making of a 'Left-Wing' Communist". In Bullock, Ian;
1181:(CPGB). Lenin called on other communists to join the new party, and the CP(BSTI) was one of the groups covered in his work
1222:
under the control of the party, which she refused to do. In particular, she criticised the
Communist Party members of the
3635:
3620:
3431:
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3080:
2109:
Elizabeth Crawford, ‘Bull , Amy Maud (1877–1953)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
1208:
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450:
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in all branches of production, distribution and administration, in order that the workers may seize and maintain control.
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3125:
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265:
125:
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3411:
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1237:, newly accepted as the governing principle for the CPGB, would seem to suggest that she was in breach of discipline,
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relief, which was cited as the reason for her expulsion from the CPGB in September 1921. While the idea of
1039:
961:, Pankhurst argued that the most effective way to aid the Soviet government in Russia would be to establish
926:
851:
813:. This view initially lost the group support, but they began work to ameliorate suffering in the East End.
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In the end, no national group was formally constituted, and they later referred to their network as the
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elected by universal suffrage and withdraw Russia from the war. As the months went by, the WSF noted in
810:
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1623:
1215:'s Glasgow Communist Group agreed to merge with the Communist Party of Great Britain in January 1921.
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to take action in support of the Soviet government, and eventually called on workers' to launch a
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The British Communist Left: a contribution to the history of the revolutionary movement 1914-1945
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2011:
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1999:, as the AWRU was intended to itself organise the workers' councils which would then seize the
905:, and upon analyzing the attitudes of the various socialist faction, decided to align with the
772:. She also wanted to focus on collective workers' action, not individual attacks on property.
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goals, envisioning the AWRU as the One Big Union that would itself manage the transition to
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1038:(SWSS), as well as by supporters of "Revolutionary Parliamentarism", including the SLP and
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The WSF's support for the soviet system led them to doubt the possibility of establishing
950:
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659:
544:
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Despite the failure of the AWRU, by July 1923 the CWP had announced the formation of the
1603:
1877:" which would unite all workers in a struggle against capitalism. In February 1922, the
3777:
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340:
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809:, they began also to attack participation in the war, supporting the positions of the
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Anti Parliamentary Communism: the movement for workers' councils in Britain, 1917-45
1191:
was openly critical of this pamphlet, Pankhurst attended the Second Congress of the
2043:
1914:
1827:
1705:
1613:
1593:
1396:
997:. In May 1918, the party's conference agreed to again rename the group, now as the
738:
717:. Under many different names, it gradually broadened its politics from a focus on
370:
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1443:
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2700:
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2038:(UWO), modelled closely on the IWW as an alternative to the CPGB's "reformist"
929:
as a step towards peace. During this period, the WSF led campaigns against the
3499:
2918:
2718:
1906:
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1244:
1212:
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while continuing agitation for a universal franchise. As such, it opposed the
829:
817:
589:
214:
2858:
2789:
2748:
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1013:'s (SLP) three candidates in the election, along with independent socialists
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1950:
1942:
1815:
1725:
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under the auspices of the "All-Workers Revolutionary Union": intended as "
874:
as the restrictions on women voting were much stricter than those on men.
3630:
1855:
1675:
1230:
1830:
within the British socialist movement, which split into two camps: the "
1743:
957:
that would force an end to the intervention. In the April 1918 issue of
642:
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3237:
1700:
2896:
2836:
2767:
2740:
2053:, although it was by that point a very small party. On 14 June 1924,
569:
497:
504:
Hunan Provincial Proletarian Revolutionary Great Alliance Committee
27:"Communist Workers' Group" redirects here. Not to be confused with
3000:
Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)
969:
would be needed to overthrow global capitalism in order for the
2929:
1081:
849:(WSF). Similarly, in July 1917, the newspaper was renamed the
821:
1911:(b) organised into a department for each industry or service;
3692:
Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)
1156:
Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)
1150:
Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)
1078:
Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)
993:
could form the "guiding and co-ordinating machinery" of the
749:
in 1893, and differed from its parent organisation in being
107:
Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)
3030:
Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)
2632:
The women's suffrage movement: a reference guide, 1866-1928
1164:
British Section of the International Socialist Labour Party
2799:"Anti-Parliamentarism and Communism in Britain, 1917-1921"
2059:
ceased publication, bringing a definitive end to the CWP.
1207:. She was arrested in September, but with the support of
885:
in Russia, largely on the basis that it would establish a
3376:
Workers' Institute of Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought
1889:
To prepare for the proletarian revolution, by setting up
2892:
Sylvia Pankhurst: Sexual Politics and Political Activism
2461:
2459:
3697:
Communist Party of South Wales and the West of England
3336:
Communist Workers League of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)
1818:
were beginning to "slip to the right". The decline in
1218:
After a period, Pankhurst was instructed to place the
1197:
English Shop Stewards' and Workers' Committee Movement
1172:
Communist Party of South Wales and the West of England
1995:
The foundation of the AWRU was grounded in the CWP's
1802:
Pankhurst reorganised her group of supporters around
3306:
Committee to Defeat Revisionism, for Communist Unity
1921:
The CWP had been influenced by the formation of the
3770:
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Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)
2977:
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2134:
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2130:
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2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
1468:
Confederation of Revolutionary Anarcho-Syndicalists
1021:, and permitted individual members to campaign for
870:which ultimately gave women in Britain the vote in
733:It originated as the East London Federation of the
159:
147:
124:
112:
102:
88:
78:
70:
62:
50:
41:
3847:Communist Party of Great Britain breakaway groups
1074:" which opposed parliamentarism and affiliation.
741:). The East London Federation was founded by Dr
1029:elections, and also to follow the advice of the
3822:Defunct communist parties in the United Kingdom
1887:
1909:and the establishment of the workers' Soviets;
912:The party then enthusiastically supported the
2990:Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)
2941:
2655:Sylvia Pankhurst: From Artist to Anti-Fascist
1783:
679:
8:
3827:Feminist organisations in the United Kingdom
3817:1924 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
2692:Sylvia Pankhurst: A Life in Radical Politics
29:Workers Group of the Russian Communist Party
3321:Communist Organisation in the British Isles
2626:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2618:
1116:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
862:and became a leading proponent of improved
3285:
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1822:that culminated in the dissolution of the
1806:, and began criticising the admittance of
1790:
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1518:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union
1254:
1184:Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder
686:
672:
193:
38:
3812:1913 establishments in the United Kingdom
3505:Revolutionary Communist League (Chartist)
3351:Revolutionary Internationalist Contingent
3346:Revolutionary Communist League of Britain
1136:Learn how and when to remove this message
36:Political party in the United Kingdom
3842:Political parties disestablished in 1924
3437:International Socialist Group (Scotland)
3301:British and Irish Communist Organisation
2809:: Industrial Union Caucus in Education.
820:restaurants set up, and itself set up a
3707:Industrial Syndicalist Education League
3667:Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation
2957:Far-left politics in the United Kingdom
2609:
2597:
2585:
2573:
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2549:
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2525:
2513:
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2186:
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1266:
1211:, all the groups at the conference bar
1047:negotiations, a decision criticised by
473:Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation
205:
3269:Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition
2874:
2864:
1536:Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganisation
1450:Argentine Regional Workers' Federation
1438:International Workingmen's Association
965:in Britain, and later insisted that a
782:East London Federation of Suffragettes
776:East London Federation of Suffragettes
93:East London Federation of Suffragettes
3837:Political parties established in 1921
3530:Revolutionary Socialist League (1957)
3525:Revolutionary Socialist League (1938)
3356:Revolutionary Marxist–Leninist League
3223:Independent Working Class Association
2138:
2040:National Unemployed Workers' Movement
1834:" that advocated the amalgamation of
989:, increasingly arguing that only the
784:(ELFS) and launched a newspaper, the
7:
3585:Workers' International League (1985)
3580:Workers' International League (1937)
3515:Revolutionary Communist Party (1978)
3510:Revolutionary Communist Party (1944)
1966:or any other reformist organisation;
1114:adding citations to reliable sources
1003:1918 United Kingdom general election
3712:Industrial Workers of Great Britain
3111:Socialist Workers Network (Ireland)
3091:Socialist Party (England and Wales)
1927:Communist Workers' Party of Germany
1243:continued as the personal organ of
976:
793:At first, the group campaigned for
510:International Socialists of Germany
493:Communist Workers' Party of Germany
3737:Scottish Workers' Republican Party
1959:and anti-parliamentary propaganda;
1869:group advocated grouping together
1812:Red International of Labour Unions
1462:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
1199:, the Communist Labour Party, the
839:
735:Women's Social and Political Union
729:East London Federation of the WSPU
83:Women's Social and Political Union
25:
3386:Working People's Party of England
3316:Communist League of Great Britain
3311:Communist Labour Party (Scotland)
2014:and the workers' councils of the
1937:(AWRU) in order to implement its
1923:General Workers' Union of Germany
1814:, and warning that they felt the
1177:The BSP had meanwhile formed the
832:nursery. They also agitated for
3857:Communist Workers' International
3590:Workers' Internationalist League
3441:International Socialist Movement
3326:Communist Party of Great Britain
3296:Association of Communist Workers
3243:Socialist Party of Great Britain
3015:Irish Republican Socialist Party
2731:"Anarchist Communism in Britain"
2036:Unemployed Workers' Organisation
1935:All-Workers' Revolutionary Union
1756:
1742:
1274:
1179:Communist Party of Great Britain
1160:Socialist Party of Great Britain
1086:
653:
641:
629:
488:Communist Workers' International
456:Internationalist Communist Party
213:
3616:Anarchist Federation of Britain
3445:International Socialist Network
3228:Industrial Workers of the World
3213:Communist Workers' Organisation
2772:International Communist Current
2727:Federation, Anarchist Communist
2025:Industrial Workers of the World
1989:Communist Workers International
1969:to emancipate workers from the
1524:Fagoppositionens Sammenslutning
1500:Industrial Workers of the World
1494:General Confederation of Labour
1456:Brazilian Workers Confederation
1229:for agreeing to reduce outdoor
1058:It also began working with the
919:All-Russian Congress of Soviets
446:International Communist Current
441:Communist Workers' Organisation
164:Communist Workers International
3520:Revolutionary Democratic Group
3361:Revolutionary Policy Committee
3203:32 County Sovereignty Movement
3061:International Socialist League
1962:refusal of affiliation to the
1899:With this object, to organise
1174:was formed on their platform.
903:Russian Provisional Government
515:League for Proletarian Culture
174:Politics of the United Kingdom
1:
3762:Workers' Socialist Federation
3742:Socialist Labour Party (1903)
3732:Revolutionary Socialist Party
3636:Movement Against the Monarchy
3621:Anarchist Workers Association
3535:Revolutionary Socialist Party
3432:International Socialist Group
3366:South Wales Socialist Society
3081:Socialist Democracy (Ireland)
3066:Revolutionary Communist Party
3056:Alliance for Workers' Liberty
3025:Revolutionary Communist Group
1247:and even received subsidies.
1036:South Wales Socialist Society
999:Workers' Socialist Federation
977:Workers' Socialist Federation
941:". The WSF demanded that the
700:Workers' Socialist Federation
560:Workers' Socialist Federation
535:Revolutionary Workers Ferment
530:Revolutionary Socialist Party
451:International Communist Party
44:Workers' Socialist Federation
3832:Left communist organizations
3717:Labour Against the Witchhunt
3570:Socialist Solidarity Network
3540:Revolutionary Workers' Party
3233:London Black Revolutionaries
2797:Jones, Rob (October 1991) .
1480:Norsk Syndikalistisk Forbund
847:Workers' Suffrage Federation
840:Workers' Suffrage Federation
836:and dependent's allowances.
805:. But with the outbreak of
266:Proletarian internationalism
97:Workers' Suffrage Federation
18:Workers Socialist Federation
3752:Socialist Propaganda League
3450:League for Socialist Action
3427:International Marxist Group
3331:Communist Party of Scotland
3146:Workers Revolutionary Party
1980:' as the forerunner of the
1826:had reignited debates over
1749:Organized Labour portal
1201:Scottish Workers' Committee
897:had broken out between the
753:and including men, such as
737:(WSPU, better known as the
3873:
3722:Labour Emancipation League
3005:Communist Party of Ireland
2985:Communist Party of Britain
1147:
1042:(BSP). Pankhurst wrote to
316:Situationist International
26:
3646:United Socialist Movement
3600:Workers' Socialist League
3555:Socialist Democracy Group
3381:Workers Party of Scotland
3182:Haringey Solidarity Group
3096:Socialist Party (Ireland)
3040:Workers' Party of Ireland
2023:United States, where the
1060:London Workers' Committee
801:, with the assistance of
169:
160:International affiliation
3677:Communist Bulletin Group
3545:Scottish Militant Labour
3253:Workers Party of Britain
3101:Socialist Party Scotland
3086:Socialist Equality Party
2003:and form the basis of a
1883:Communist Workers' Party
1407:Workers' self-management
1251:Communist Workers' Party
816:The ELFS got a chain of
762:Independent Labour Party
478:Communist Bulletin Group
3687:Communist League (1919)
3682:Communist League (1847)
3575:Socialist Unity Network
3417:Communist League (1990)
3412:Communist League (1932)
3116:Socialist Workers Party
2111:accessed 1 January 2017
2051:Communist Workers Group
1987:and affiliation to the
1978:One Revolutionary Union
1901:One Revolutionary Union
1686:Criticism of capitalism
1530:National Workers' Union
1205:Glasgow Communist Group
1040:British Socialist Party
927:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
721:to eventually become a
461:The Invisible Committee
149:Political position
135:Revolutionary socialism
3565:Socialist Labour Group
3550:Socialist Alternatives
3490:Movement for Socialism
2829:Shipway, Mark (1988).
2807:Grand Rapids, Michigan
1997:prefigurative politics
1939:revolutionary unionist
1919:
1881:group established the
1824:Shop Stewards Movement
1691:Criticism of copyright
1382:Co-operative economics
1168:Communist Labour Party
1011:Socialist Labour Party
858:The WSF supported the
540:Socialism or Barbarism
3702:Communist Unity Group
3177:Solidarity Federation
3121:Solidarity (Scotland)
3076:Socialist Alternative
1971:existing trade unions
1836:existing trade unions
1711:Libertarian socialism
1486:Solidarity Federation
1235:democratic centralism
945:negotiate peace with
811:Zimmerwald Conference
525:Marxist Working Group
3495:Permanent Revolution
3162:Anarchist Federation
3106:Socialist Resistance
2760:Hayes, Mark (2005).
2689:Davis, Mary (1999).
2630:Elizabeth Crawford,
2056:Workers' Dreadnought
2029:Workers' Dreadnought
2018:had formed, largely
1957:electoral abstention
1250:
1220:Workers' Dreadnought
1110:improve this section
1072:left-wing communists
987:parliamentary system
959:Workers' Dreadnought
921:and now argued that
893:that a situation of
891:Workers' Dreadnought
887:Constituent Assembly
852:Workers' Dreadnought
648:Socialism portal
636:Communism portal
118:Workers' Dreadnought
3771:Electoral alliances
3422:International Group
3262:Electoral alliances
3020:New Communist Party
2803:Discussion Bulletin
2063:Honorary Treasurers
2001:means of production
1860:industrial unionism
1804:Workers Dreadnought
1763:Politics portal
1474:Free Workers' Union
1402:Labour unionisation
1303:Revolutions of 1848
1189:Workers Dreadnaught
1031:Third International
937:, with the slogan "
931:Allied intervention
883:February Revolution
797:and agitated among
787:Women's Dreadnought
660:Politics portal
605:Industrial unionism
555:Workers' Opposition
241:Class consciousness
236:Anti-Stalinist left
139:Industrial unionism
2697:Sterling, Virginia
2664:St. Martin's Press
2650:Pankhurst, Richard
2079:Evelina Haverfield
2012:Russian Revolution
1929:(KAPD) during the
1227:Board of Guardians
971:Russian Revolution
943:British government
914:October Revolution
881:. It welcomed the
795:universal suffrage
770:East End of London
747:Emmeline Pankhurst
436:Communist Struggle
261:Organic centralism
3799:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3626:The Angry Brigade
3485:Militant Tendency
3277:
3276:
3248:Socialist Studies
3126:Spartacist League
2576:, pp. 97–98.
2552:, pp. 96–97.
2540:, pp. 95–96.
2516:, pp. 94–95.
2492:, pp. 92–93.
2429:, pp. 90–91.
2393:, pp. 10–11.
2285:, pp. 38–39.
2273:, pp. 37–38.
2249:, pp. 36–37.
2225:, pp. 35–36.
2213:, pp. 34–35.
2068:1913: Sybil Smith
2016:German Revolution
2005:council communist
1982:workers' councils
1931:German Revolution
1895:workers' councils
1871:Industrial Unions
1840:industrial unions
1800:
1799:
1488:(SF–IWA, Britain)
1482:(NSF–IAA, Norway)
1335:Council communism
1308:Utopian socialism
1146:
1145:
1138:
995:social revolution
963:workers' councils
935:Russian Civil War
872:general elections
860:1916 Irish Rising
743:Richard Pankhurst
696:
695:
595:Classical Marxism
391:Antonie Pannekoek
361:Bruno Fortichiari
311:Council communism
192:
191:
179:Political parties
103:Succeeded by
16:(Redirected from
3864:
3747:Socialist League
3289:Marxist–Leninist
3286:
3208:Communist League
3187:The 1 in 12 Club
3136:WIRFI Supporters
3071:Socialist Action
2978:Marxist–Leninist
2975:
2968:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2927:
2922:
2887:Winslow, Barbara
2882:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2862:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2793:
2756:
2755:on 1 April 2006.
2751:. Archived from
2722:
2685:
2635:
2628:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2565:
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2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
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2226:
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2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2113:
2107:
1832:Amalgamationists
1792:
1785:
1778:
1761:
1760:
1747:
1746:
1696:Critique of work
1663:Related subjects
1511:IWW-South Africa
1464:(CNT–AIT, Spain)
1387:Labour economics
1298:Orthodox Marxism
1278:
1255:
1209:Willie Gallacher
1141:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1090:
1082:
1053:Communist League
1007:Sheffield Hallam
967:world revolution
939:Hands off Russia
899:Petrograd Soviet
834:widow's pensions
799:parliamentarians
719:women's suffrage
715:Sylvia Pankhurst
688:
681:
674:
658:
657:
646:
645:
634:
633:
632:
506:
483:Communist League
386:Sylvia Pankhurst
381:Gavril Myasnikov
276:World revolution
271:Workers' council
217:
194:
143:
89:Preceded by
57:Sylvia Pankhurst
39:
21:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3787:
3783:Socialist Unity
3766:
3655:
3641:Space Hijackers
3604:
3560:Socialist Group
3460:Leninist League
3407:Communist Forum
3390:
3273:
3257:
3191:
3150:
3044:
3010:EPSR Supporters
2959:
2954:
2911:
2885:
2873:
2863:
2851:
2828:
2819:
2817:
2796:
2782:
2759:
2725:
2711:
2688:
2674:
2647:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2629:
2616:
2608:
2604:
2596:
2592:
2584:
2580:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2556:
2548:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2512:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2488:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2437:
2433:
2425:
2421:
2413:
2409:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2377:
2373:
2365:
2361:
2357:, pp. 7–8.
2353:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2321:, pp. 5–6.
2317:
2313:
2305:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2237:, pp. 4–5.
2233:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2197:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2165:, pp. 3–4.
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2065:
1951:communist ideas
1912:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1796:
1755:
1741:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1716:Post-capitalism
1664:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1532:(UON, Portugal)
1446:and affiliates
1431:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1375:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1323:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1293:Guild socialism
1286:
1253:
1152:
1142:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1107:
1091:
1080:
1068:Communist Party
979:
951:labour movement
842:
778:
755:George Lansbury
731:
707:political party
692:
652:
640:
630:
628:
621:
620:
619:
584:
576:
575:
574:
520:Left Communists
502:
425:
417:
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415:
346:Arrigo Cervetto
330:
322:
321:
320:
290:
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281:
280:
225:
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141:
137:
133:
95:
79:Split from
46:
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37:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3870:
3868:
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3854:
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3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3595:Workers League
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3480:Militant Group
3477:
3475:Marxist Worker
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
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3348:
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3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3290:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3258:
3256:
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3250:
3245:
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3215:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
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3192:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3141:Workers' Power
3138:
3133:
3131:Workers' Fight
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3035:Stalin Society
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2945:
2938:
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2924:
2923:
2909:
2883:
2875:|website=
2849:
2826:
2794:
2780:
2757:
2723:
2709:
2686:
2672:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2614:
2612:, p. 107.
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2518:
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2431:
2419:
2407:
2395:
2383:
2371:
2359:
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2335:
2323:
2311:
2309:, pp. 19.
2299:
2287:
2275:
2263:
2251:
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2215:
2203:
2191:
2179:
2167:
2155:
2143:
2114:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2085:Edgar Lansbury
2081:
2075:
2069:
2064:
2061:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1954:
1925:(AAUD) by the
1844:Dual Unionists
1828:trade unionism
1820:class conflict
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1752:
1735:
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1729:
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1713:
1708:
1703:
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1606:
1601:
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1527:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1476:(FAU, Germany)
1471:
1470:(CRAS, Russia)
1465:
1459:
1453:
1441:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1392:General strike
1384:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1372:
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1363:
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1326:
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1321:
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1317:
1316:
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1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1252:
1249:
1240:Labour Monthly
1148:Main article:
1144:
1143:
1094:
1092:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1044:Vladimir Lenin
1015:David Kirkwood
978:
975:
955:general strike
868:Franchise Bill
864:social welfare
841:
838:
777:
774:
768:people in the
764:, based among
730:
727:
723:left communist
711:United Kingdom
694:
693:
691:
690:
683:
676:
668:
665:
664:
663:
662:
650:
638:
623:
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618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
586:
585:
583:Related topics
582:
581:
578:
577:
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565:Workers' Truth
562:
557:
552:
550:Workers' Group
547:
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537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
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458:
453:
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438:
427:
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419:
418:
414:
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398:
396:Lorenzo Parodi
393:
388:
383:
378:
376:Grandizo Munis
373:
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348:
343:
341:Amadeo Bordiga
338:
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246:Class struggle
243:
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207:Left communism
203:
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190:
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157:
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145:
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131:Left communism
128:
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90:
86:
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14:
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3:
2:
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3733:
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3728:
3727:Respect Party
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
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3662:
3660:Miscellaneous
3658:
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3649:
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3642:
3639:
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3518:
3516:
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3508:
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3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3470:Marxist Party
3468:
3466:
3465:Marxist Group
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3455:Left Fraction
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3440:
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3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3371:Straight Left
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3341:Marxist Forum
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
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3254:
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3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
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3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3196:Miscellaneous
3194:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3172:Freedom Press
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
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3122:
3119:
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3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
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3089:
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3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2946:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2910:9781839761621
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2868:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2833:
2827:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2710:0-7453-1518-6
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2673:9780312068400
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2603:
2600:, p. 99.
2599:
2594:
2591:
2588:, p. 98.
2587:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2567:
2564:, p. 97.
2563:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2531:
2528:, p. 95.
2527:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2507:
2504:, p. 94.
2503:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2483:
2480:, p. 93.
2479:
2474:
2471:
2468:, p. 92.
2467:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2453:, p. 16.
2452:
2447:
2444:
2441:, p. 91.
2440:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2420:
2417:, p. 11.
2416:
2411:
2408:
2405:, p. 66.
2404:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2264:
2261:, p. 37.
2260:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2201:, p. 34.
2200:
2195:
2192:
2189:, p. 33.
2188:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2020:spontaneously
2017:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:to organise '
1975:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1875:One Big Union
1872:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:One Big Union
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1659:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1538:(SAC, Sweden)
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1526:(FS, Denmark)
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1429:Organisations
1425:
1424:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1397:Labour rights
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1371:
1370:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1170:and the tiny
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1140:
1137:
1129:
1126:November 2021
1119:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1095:This section
1093:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:Soviet Russia
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
875:
873:
869:
865:
861:
856:
854:
853:
848:
837:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
791:
789:
788:
783:
775:
773:
771:
767:
766:working class
763:
758:
756:
752:
748:
745:and his wife
744:
740:
736:
728:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
705:
701:
689:
684:
682:
677:
675:
670:
669:
667:
666:
661:
656:
651:
649:
644:
639:
637:
627:
626:
625:
624:
616:
613:
611:
610:Ultra-leftism
608:
606:
603:
601:
600:Impossibilism
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
580:
579:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
505:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
470:
469:
468:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
433:
432:
431:
424:Organizations
421:
420:
412:
411:Julien Coupat
409:
407:
406:Karl Schröder
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
366:Herman Gorter
364:
362:
359:
357:
356:Onorato Damen
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
326:
325:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
306:Communization
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
286:
285:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
231:Anti-Leninism
229:
228:
221:
220:
216:
212:
211:
208:
204:
200:
196:
195:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
158:
155:
152:
150:
146:
140:
136:
132:
129:
127:
123:
120:
119:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
55:
53:
49:
40:
34:
30:
19:
3852:Suffragettes
3761:
2891:
2831:
2818:. Retrieved
2802:
2762:
2753:the original
2734:
2691:
2654:
2642:Bibliography
2631:
2610:Shipway 1988
2605:
2598:Shipway 1988
2593:
2586:Shipway 1988
2581:
2574:Shipway 1988
2569:
2562:Shipway 1988
2557:
2550:Shipway 1988
2545:
2538:Shipway 1988
2533:
2526:Shipway 1988
2521:
2514:Shipway 1988
2509:
2502:Shipway 1988
2497:
2490:Shipway 1988
2485:
2478:Shipway 1988
2473:
2466:Shipway 1988
2451:Shipway 1988
2446:
2439:Shipway 1988
2434:
2427:Shipway 1988
2422:
2415:Shipway 1988
2410:
2403:Shipway 1988
2398:
2391:Shipway 1988
2386:
2381:, p. 8.
2379:Shipway 1988
2374:
2369:, p. 9.
2367:Shipway 1988
2362:
2355:Shipway 1988
2350:
2345:, p. 7.
2343:Shipway 1988
2338:
2333:, p. 6.
2331:Shipway 1988
2326:
2319:Shipway 1988
2314:
2307:Shipway 1988
2302:
2297:, p. 5.
2295:Shipway 1988
2290:
2283:Shipway 1988
2278:
2271:Shipway 1988
2266:
2259:Shipway 1988
2254:
2247:Shipway 1988
2242:
2235:Shipway 1988
2230:
2223:Shipway 1988
2218:
2211:Shipway 1988
2206:
2199:Shipway 1988
2194:
2187:Shipway 1988
2182:
2177:, p. 4.
2175:Shipway 1988
2170:
2163:Shipway 1988
2158:
2153:, p. 3.
2151:Shipway 1988
2146:
2105:
2073:Sybil Thomas
2054:
2050:
2048:
2033:
2028:
1994:
1964:Labour Party
1934:
1920:
1888:
1882:
1878:
1866:
1864:
1847:
1808:trade unions
1803:
1801:
1754:
1740:
1706:Labour power
1496:(CGT, Spain)
1238:
1219:
1217:
1188:
1187:. Although
1182:
1176:
1155:
1153:
1132:
1123:
1108:Please help
1096:
1064:
1057:
1027:
1025:candidates.
1023:Labour Party
1019:John Maclean
998:
980:
973:to survive.
958:
949:, urged the
911:
890:
876:
857:
850:
846:
843:
815:
792:
785:
781:
779:
759:
739:Suffragettes
732:
699:
697:
559:
466:
465:
428:
371:Paul Mattick
116:
33:
3218:Counterfire
2901:Verso Books
2701:Pluto Press
2091:Norah Smyth
1879:Dreadnought
1867:Dreadnought
1848:Dreadnought
1721:Revisionism
1681:Corporatism
1589:Griffuelhes
1440:(1864–1876)
1360:Sorelianism
1355:Nationalist
1268:Syndicalism
1049:Rose Witcop
879:World War I
826:free clinic
822:toy factory
807:World War I
803:Keir Hardie
351:Marc Chirik
256:Mass strike
3806:Categories
3757:Solidarity
3500:Red Action
3395:Trotskyist
3049:Trotskyist
2919:1201686427
2850:033343613X
2820:26 October
2781:1897980116
2719:1162569507
2139:Davis 1999
2097:References
2044:unemployed
1949:to spread
1915:unemployed
1907:Capitalism
1816:Bolsheviks
1634:Pelloutier
1609:Lagardelle
1584:Fitzgerald
1414:Mutual aid
1340:De Leonism
1285:Precursors
1245:R. P. Dutt
1213:Guy Aldred
985:through a
907:Bolsheviks
895:dual power
830:Montessori
818:cost price
751:democratic
725:grouping.
590:Autonomism
545:Solidarity
401:Otto Rühle
3778:Red Front
3672:Big Flame
3609:Anarchist
3167:Class War
3155:Anarchist
2889:(2021) .
2877:ignored (
2867:cite book
2859:468642120
2841:Macmillan
2790:642281773
2749:500079933
2743:: 11–18.
2736:Organise!
2682:925160984
1943:socialism
1726:Socialism
1671:Communism
1579:Delesalle
1569:De Ambris
1506:IWW-Chile
1374:Economics
1330:Anarchist
1193:Comintern
1097:does not
983:socialism
713:, led by
704:socialist
615:Workerism
336:Jan Appel
296:Bordigism
289:Movements
251:Communism
184:Elections
113:Newspaper
71:Dissolved
3631:King Mob
3402:The Club
2815:13302352
2729:(1996).
2660:New York
2652:(eds.).
1913:(c) the
1676:Copyleft
1629:Panunzio
1322:Variants
1260:a series
1258:Part of
1231:Poor Law
1203:and the
1162:and the
901:and the
301:In China
224:Concepts
199:a series
197:Part of
154:Far-left
126:Ideology
3651:WOMBLES
3282:Defunct
3238:Saoradh
2634:, p.185
2008:society
1891:Soviets
1810:to the
1701:Fascism
1619:Monatte
1604:Jouhaux
1599:Janvion
1594:Haywood
1574:De Leon
1520:(ITGWU)
1444:IWA–AIT
1345:Fascist
1118:removed
1103:sources
1051:of the
991:Soviets
933:in the
923:Soviets
709:in the
498:Forward
467:Defunct
142:(later)
63:Founded
2971:Extant
2964:Groups
2917:
2907:
2897:London
2857:
2847:
2837:London
2813:
2788:
2778:
2768:London
2747:
2741:London
2739:(42).
2717:
2707:
2680:
2670:
2089:1916:
2083:1915:
2077:1914:
2071:1913:
1991:(KAI).
1856:tactic
1649:Valois
1639:Rocker
1624:García
1614:Larkin
1551:People
1502:(IWW)
1452:(FORA)
1224:Poplar
702:was a
570:Tiqqun
430:Extant
329:People
52:Leader
1842:and "
1838:into
1644:Sorel
1564:Berth
1458:(COB)
1350:Green
2915:OCLC
2905:ISBN
2879:help
2855:OCLC
2845:ISBN
2822:2021
2811:OCLC
2786:OCLC
2776:ISBN
2745:OCLC
2715:OCLC
2705:ISBN
2678:OCLC
2668:ISBN
1865:The
1559:Bain
1101:any
1099:cite
1017:and
828:and
698:The
74:1924
66:1914
2046:.
1893:or
1862:.
1112:by
3808::
2913:.
2903:.
2899::
2895:.
2871::
2869:}}
2865:{{
2853:.
2843:.
2839::
2835:.
2805:.
2801:.
2784:.
2774:.
2770::
2766:.
2733:.
2713:.
2703:.
2699::
2695:.
2676:.
2666:.
2662::
2658:.
2617:^
2458:^
2117:^
1262:on
1062:.
1055:.
909:.
824:,
790:.
757:.
201:on
2949:e
2942:t
2935:v
2921:.
2881:)
2861:.
2824:.
2792:.
2721:.
2684:.
2141:.
1984:;
1973:;
1953:;
1903::
1791:e
1784:t
1777:v
1139:)
1133:(
1128:)
1124:(
1120:.
1106:.
687:e
680:t
673:v
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
