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344:. However, the supplies he had brought soon proved inadequate to the task of sustaining the venture. Despite attempts to commandeer and raid neighboring Maya settlements for food, his fledgling settlement lost some fifty men within the first two months to disease and privation. In an action reminiscent of
339:
to make landfall at Xelha's lagoons, a short distance from a local Maya village. He set about establishing what was intended to be the first
Spanish settlement on the peninsula, which he named "Salamanca de Xelha" after his birthplace in western Spain,
317:. It was likely used as a point of intercultural exchange between the Maya and other sea-navigating peoples between the 7th and 12th centuries, and eventually was a beacon to which European colonial navigators were drawn.
370:
The fortuitous arrival at that point of another of his ships from Santo
Domingo with provisions and reinforcements prevented further disaster, and an expedition was sent out to the south towards the Maya township of
2192:
987:
375:. This also failed to gain any foothold, and within eighteen months of Montejo's first landfall in Yucatán, the encampment at Salamanca de Xelha and the eastern coast were abandoned.
600:
367:
who had been left behind at
Salamanca de Xelha fared no better with many being massacred in Maya raids, leaving Montejo with only about a third of his original complement.
736:
611:
351:
Eventually
Montejo's forces stabilised sufficiently for him to mount explorations from his temporary encampment, heading out with some 125 men north towards
1841:
2177:
1765:
421:) maintains that while "rguably this was in imitation of Cortés", it could also be attributed to general tactical procedures relied upon at the time.
2167:
1885:
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1881:
1865:
802:
2162:
1891:
1861:
673:
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times, with most of the buildings being rebuilt in the Late
Postclassic. It was probably not fully abandoned until the 19th century. A
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488:
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686:
650:
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1901:
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The evidence is inconclusive concerning a founding date for Xel-Ha, but it was occupied by the 1st century and active during
81:
1696:
1294:
30:
This article is about the Maya archaeological site. For the modern-day commercial theme park and tourist attraction, see
547:
1911:
1204:
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2182:
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1239:
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1871:
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1089:
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678:
291:
1630:
1084:
359:. The sortie returned several months later after losing half of his men in a battle against the Maya near
1855:
1773:
1377:
827:
348:, Montejo ordered the scuttling of his ships in the face of growing discontent, forcing them to remain.
221:
182:
1831:
1209:
1009:
714:
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69:
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190:
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345:
1931:
1505:
902:
811:
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Coba et Xelha: peintures murales mayas: une lecture de l'image dans le
Quintana Roo postclasique
267:
601:"El intercambio marítimo durante el Clásico Terminal: Uaymil en la costa occidental de Yucatán"
1983:
1978:
1946:
1755:
1530:
1039:
842:
768:
758:
722:
692:
682:
656:
646:
585:
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516:
492:
331:(the Elder). Montejo, who had obtained a charter from the Spanish Crown in 1526 to pacify the
194:
153:
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1968:
1925:
1732:
1244:
1174:
1014:
937:
754:
630:
556:
542:
284:
169:
1600:
668:
504:
352:
1400:
298:
with an Early
Classic date of 9.6.10.0.0 (AD 564) from Xel-Ha was discovered in 1841 by
1915:
1895:
917:
638:
321:
2151:
1570:
1490:
1059:
867:
538:
198:
2117:
1875:
1804:
1798:
1520:
1455:
1354:
1284:
962:
927:
356:
325:
209:
58:
1500:
1470:
1254:
882:
708:
417:
See
Clendinnen (1987, p.21); Restall (2003, p.19); Wright (2005, p.162). Restall (
324:
forces, during the ultimately unsuccessful first expedition (1527–28) led by the
2107:
2004:
1999:
1727:
1709:
1460:
1445:
1415:
1324:
1289:
1259:
1249:
1199:
1164:
1154:
1034:
977:
907:
751:
Stolen
Continents: Five Hundred Years of Conquest and Resistance in the Americas
545:; Arlen F. Chase (1975). "Late Maya Mural Paintings from Quintana Roo, Mexico".
240:
201:
31:
239:
and inlet at Xelha has been turned into a commercial water theme park known as
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2020:
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912:
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635:
On the Edge of the Sea: Mural
Painting at Tancah-Tulum, Quintana Roo, Mexico
496:
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511:. Cambridge Latin American studies, no. 61. Cambridge and New York:
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580:. Mémoires de l'Institut d'Ethnologie, no. 27 (in French). Paris:
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295:
274:
266:
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XVI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2002
310:
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1405:
620:
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780:
606:. In J.P. Laporte; B. Arroyo; H. Escobedo y H. Mejía (eds.).
509:
Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatan, 1517–1570
283:
The site of Xelha is located south of the modern township of
734:
Webster, David (Oct 1976). "Lowland Maya Fortifications".
309:
Xelha was one of several key ports of the Maya city of
2193:
Maya sites that survived the end of the Classic Period
2090:
2069:
2013:
1992:
1961:
1954:
1821:
1708:
1697:
for more articles see Category:Maya sites in Mexico
1386:
1363:
995:
818:
485:
The Conquest and Colonization of Yucatán, 1517–1550
149:
141:
133:
125:
120:
112:
75:
65:
54:
737:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1781:
796:
599:Inurreta Díaz, Armando; Rafael Cobos (2003).
390:Clendinnen (1987, p.21); Wright (2005, p.162)
8:
320:The location of Xelha was used as a base by
37:
487:. Monograph Series #582. Washington, D.C.:
461:"The Spanish Conquest of Yucatán (1526–46)"
263:"House of Birds" in Xelha. Mural Paintings.
1958:
1788:
1774:
1766:
803:
789:
781:
204:, located on the eastern coastline of the
36:
612:Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología
717:(illus.) (in 2 vols. ed.). London:
287:, in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.
383:
168:
27:Maya civilization archaeological site
7:
614:. pp. 1009–1015. Archived from
674:Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest
641:, Trustees for Harvard University,
445:(1999); Clendinnen (1987, pp.21–23)
2077:Arrecifes de Cozumel National Park
489:Carnegie Institution of Washington
335:, crossed over from the island of
25:
2178:Former populated places in Mexico
1945:
1797:
986:
43:
2168:Natural history of Quintana Roo
483:Chamberlain, Robert S. (1948).
433:(1999); Clendinnen (1987, p.21)
208:, in the present-day state of
710:Incidents of Travel in Yucatán
610:(in Spanish). Guatemala City:
220:of the site's name comes from
1:
313:; others included Tancah and
271:Northern Quintana Roo, Mexico
548:Journal of Field Archaeology
459:Athena Publications (1999).
279:"Palace" in Xelha. Columns.
2209:
2163:Maya sites in Quintana Roo
1753:
576:Fettweis, Martine (1988).
513:Cambridge University Press
29:
2188:Landforms of Quintana Roo
1943:
1811:
1751:
984:
363:, and to disease. The 65
42:
1974:Sistema Nohoch Nah Chich
643:Harvard University Press
749:Wright, Ronald (2005).
679:Oxford University Press
677:. Oxford and New York:
408:Clendinnen (1987, p.21)
399:Clendinnen (1987, p.20)
292:Classic and Postclassic
1866:Felipe Carrillo Puerto
1862:Felipe Carrillo Puerto
625:on September 29, 2007.
280:
272:
264:
256:
224:, combining the roots
166:Spanish pronunciation:
1856:San Miguel de Cozumel
828:Actun Tunichil Muknal
705:Stephens, John Lloyd
582:Institut d'Ethnologie
278:
270:
262:
254:
97:20.31972°N 87.36694°W
1010:Altar de Sacrificios
715:Frederick Catherwood
637:. Washington, D.C.:
329:Francisco de Montejo
255:The beach of Xel-Há
191:archaeological site
102:20.31972; -87.36694
93: /
39:
1955:Places of interest
1886:José María Morelos
1882:José María Morelos
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2183:Tourism in Mexico
2173:Lagoons of Mexico
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1984:Sistema Sac Actun
1979:Sistema Ox Bel Ha
1763:
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1756:Pre-Columbian era
1701:
1210:Motul de San José
843:Barton Creek Cave
631:Miller, Arthur G.
539:Farriss, Nancy M.
333:Yucatán Peninsula
206:Yucatán Peninsula
195:Maya civilization
159:
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129:limestone, stucco
70:Yucatán Peninsula
16:(Redirected from
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1969:Sistema Dos Ojos
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1060:Cotzumalhuapa
1058:
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938:Nohoch Cheʼen
936:
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766:
764:0-618-49240-2
760:
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747:
744:(5): 361–371.
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712:
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694:
690:
688:0-19-516077-0
684:
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658:
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652:0-88402-105-X
648:
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622:
617:
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609:
602:
597:
593:
591:2-85265-119-X
587:
583:
579:
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566:
562:
558:
555:(1/2): 5–10.
554:
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532:
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524:
522:0-521-33397-0
518:
514:
510:
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481:
470:
466:
465:Athena Review
462:
457:
456:
451:
444:
443:Athena Review
439:
436:
432:
431:Athena Review
427:
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420:
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346:Hernán Cortés
343:
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78:
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68:
64:
60:
57:
53:
46:
41:
33:
19:
2118:Riviera Maya
2055:
2041:San Gervasio
1876:Isla Mujeres
1872:Isla Mujeres
1805:Quintana Roo
1695:
1655:
1616:San Gervasio
1456:Chichen Itza
1401:Aguada Fénix
1355:Zapote Bobal
1285:Takalik Abaj
1275:San Clemente
928:Nim Li Punit
750:
741:
735:
709:
672:
634:
616:the original
607:
577:
552:
546:
508:
484:
473:. Retrieved
468:
464:
442:
438:
430:
426:
418:
413:
404:
395:
386:
369:
364:
357:Cape Catoche
350:
326:conquistador
319:
308:
289:
282:
234:
229:
225:
222:Yukatek Maya
210:Quintana Roo
186:
183:Yucatec Maya
178:
161:
160:
145:19th century
59:Quintana Roo
2108:Punta Allen
2005:Isla Holbox
2000:Isla Contoy
1922:Solidaridad
1896:Kantunilkín
1723:Casa Blanca
1710:El Salvador
1461:Chunchucmil
1416:Balankanche
1325:Wajxaklajun
1290:Tamarindito
1270:San Bartolo
1200:Mixco Viejo
1155:Kaminaljuyu
1090:El Porvenir
1035:Cerro Quiac
978:Xunantunich
953:San Estevan
908:Lower Dover
719:John Murray
241:Xel-Ha Park
232:("water").
202:Mesoamerica
100: /
76:Coordinates
32:Xel-Ha Park
2158:Maya sites
2152:Categories
2123:Sian Kaʼan
2021:Chacchoben
2014:Maya sites
1754:See also:
1738:San Andrés
1718:Cara Sucia
1631:Tortuguero
1506:Hormiguero
1481:Comalcalco
1451:Chinkultic
1436:Chacchoben
1310:Tres Islas
1195:Machaquila
1185:La Joyanca
1095:El Temblor
1080:El Mirador
1055:Chutixtiox
1045:Chitinamit
958:Santa Rita
903:Louisville
863:Chaa Creek
848:Cahal Pech
838:Baking Pot
812:Maya sites
753:. Boston:
475:2007-08-02
452:References
304:Catherwood
116:settlement
88:87°22′01″W
85:20°19′11″N
2133:Yum Balam
2113:Punta Sur
2031:Kohunlich
1816:(capital)
1803:State of
1676:Yaxchilan
1606:Punta Sur
1541:Kohunlich
1501:Ekʼ Balam
1486:Dzibanche
1471:Chunlimón
1466:Chunhuhub
1378:El Puente
1255:Qʼumarkaj
1190:La Muerta
1180:La Corona
1175:La Blanca
1170:La Amelia
1100:El Tintal
1065:Dos Pilas
997:Guatemala
913:Lubaantun
883:KaʼKabish
342:Salamanca
218:etymology
142:Abandoned
2103:Mahahual
1906:Chetumal
1814:Chetumal
1728:Cihuatán
1691:Yoʼokop
1591:Palenque
1586:Oxkintok
1446:Chicanná
1431:Calakmul
1426:Bonampak
1365:Honduras
1345:Zacpeten
1315:Uaxactun
1260:Río Azul
1250:Quiriguá
1215:Naachtun
1165:Kʼatepan
1145:Ixtonton
1020:Balberta
1005:Aguateca
943:Pacbitun
893:La Milpa
878:El Pilar
833:Altun Ha
773:57511483
727:70276071
707:(1843).
697:51022823
671:(2003).
507:(1987).
497:11701658
419:loc cit.
373:Chetumal
300:Stephens
189:) is an
150:Cultures
126:Material
61:, Mexico
55:Location
2061:Yo'okop
1993:Islands
1852:Cozumel
1836:Bacalar
1832:Bacalar
1825:(seats)
1743:Tazumal
1671:Xtampak
1611:Río Bec
1581:Ocomtún
1561:Mayapan
1546:Komchen
1441:Chactún
1411:Balamku
1396:Acanceh
1350:Zaculeu
1305:Topoxte
1295:Tayasal
1235:Pajaral
1230:Naranjo
1205:Montana
1130:Iximche
1110:Guaytán
1105:El Zotz
1085:El Perú
1075:El Chal
1070:El Baúl
1050:Chocolá
1030:Cancuén
1025:Bejucal
968:Uxbenka
948:Pusilha
923:Minanha
898:Lamanai
853:Caracol
661:7877106
531:4356013
337:Cozumel
322:Spanish
247:History
216:. The
193:of the
175:Spanish
134:Founded
121:History
2128:Xcalak
2098:Akumal
2051:Xcaret
1846:Cancún
1681:Yaxuná
1666:Xpuhil
1661:Xlapak
1651:Xcaret
1626:Toniná
1601:Pomona
1556:La Mar
1526:Joljaʼ
1511:Izamal
1388:Mexico
1335:Xultun
1330:Witzna
1320:Ucanal
1280:Seibal
1150:Ixtutz
1120:Holtun
1115:Holmul
973:Xnaheb
933:Nohmul
888:Kʼaxob
873:Cuello
858:Cerros
820:Belize
771:
761:
725:
695:
685:
659:
649:
588:
569:529617
567:
529:
519:
495:
237:lagoon
214:Mexico
187:Xel-Há
66:Region
38:Xel-Há
18:Xel-Há
2091:Other
2070:Reefs
2056:Xelha
2046:Tulum
2036:Muyil
1962:Caves
1936:Tulum
1932:Tulum
1656:Xelha
1641:Uxmal
1636:Tulum
1621:Sayil
1576:Muyil
1551:Labna
1536:Kiuic
1531:Kabah
1521:Jaina
1516:Izapa
1496:Edzna
1421:Becan
1373:Copán
1340:Yaxha
1300:Tikal
1265:Sacul
1225:Nakum
1220:Nakbe
1160:Kinal
1135:Ixkun
1125:Itzan
1040:Chama
868:Colha
604:(PDF)
565:JSTOR
379:Notes
355:near
315:Tulum
296:stela
197:from
179:Xelhá
162:Xelha
154:Mayan
2026:Coba
1686:Yula
1646:Uxul
1566:Maní
1476:Coba
1140:Ixlu
963:Tipu
769:OCLC
759:ISBN
723:OCLC
693:OCLC
683:ISBN
657:OCLC
647:ISBN
586:ISBN
527:OCLC
517:ISBN
493:OCLC
353:Ecab
311:Coba
302:and
235:The
113:Type
1406:Aké
742:120
621:PDF
557:doi
471:(1)
361:Ake
230:ha'
226:xel
2154::
767:.
757:.
740:.
721:.
713:.
691:.
681:.
655:.
645:.
584:.
563:.
551:.
541:;
525:.
515:.
491:.
467:.
463:.
306:.
243:.
212:,
185::
181:;
177::
173:,
1938:)
1934:(
1928:)
1924:(
1918:)
1914:(
1908:)
1904:(
1898:)
1894:(
1888:)
1884:(
1878:)
1874:(
1868:)
1864:(
1858:)
1854:(
1848:)
1844:(
1838:)
1834:(
1789:e
1782:t
1775:v
1700:)
1694:(
804:e
797:t
790:v
775:.
729:.
699:.
663:.
623:)
619:(
594:.
571:.
559::
553:2
533:.
499:.
478:.
469:2
164:(
34:.
20:)
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