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Boats no longer served a working purpose but were increasingly just used for residential purposes. Yau Ma Tei boat people worked on land in the daytime and returned home to their boats at night. The boats coming to be called their "Home Boat". At the end of the 1970s, the number of "Home boats" grew
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In 1949, the
Oriental Horizon Christian Church established "Proclaiming (Buguang) Christian Boat" in the shelter. It aimed at preaching religion through providing education. However, the quotas were strictly limited for those children, which were around 30 quotas. Since the boat people treated female
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Yau Ma Tei boat people possessed unique marriage traditions. Different groups of boat people had different marriage cultures. For example, “Yanggang Ren” threw vegetables to the other during “Guodali”, one
Chinese pre-wedding processes. They had a special culture of "Guodali" including rituals such
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More widely, the episode aroused concern amongst the Hong Kong public and internationally. In particular, the arrests shone a light on the Public Order
Ordinance and the arrests were included alongside other case studies that purportedly showcased human rights violations within the colony. In Hong
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that marked the boat people who fought for their rights. In 1982, the Hong Kong government changed the requirements of applying public housing for the boat people. Those who resided in Hong Kong for 10 years were eligible to apply for the public housing under the new policy. The requirement was 5
800:
Davies, Thomas; Laqua, Daniel; Framke, Maria; Richard, Anne-Isabelle; Oliart, Patricia; Skinner, Kate; Lamo, Pilar
Requejo de; Kramm, Robert; Alston, Charlotte; Hurst, Matthew (8 January 2024). "Rethinking Transnational Activism through Regional Perspectives: Reflections, Literatures and Cases".
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There were ships that were specifically for wedding purpose. The wedding parties lasted three days and nights. Some of the couples could just rent the ships for wedding parties. Lastly, people not only inter-married within the same shelter, but also married with boat people from other shelters.
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On 7 January 1979, social workers and Yau Ma Tei boat people proposed a protest next to the
Government House. 76 boat dwellers and their supporters boarded two buses with the intention to hand a petition to Governor MacLehose unannounced. However, when their buses were approaching the
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was contaminated. Besides, long-term fishing on the coastal area caused a sharp decline in the amount of fish. This forced them to sail farther away from the coast for fishing. However, the lack of capital and machinery hindered their businesses, and thus, they needed to work on land.
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Kong, people began to question if the definition of assembly was too general. The Public
Ordinance was subsequently amended in 1980 because of concern. After the amendment, notification to police was sufficient before the assembly, instead of applying for a license. Meanwhile, the
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of the "Boat
Shanghai Street", which forced the Government to take action and clamp down on it. The rise of the catering industry on land led to a decline of "Boat Shanghai Street" while a rapid development of the secondary industries attracted Yau Mei Tei boat people to become
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was pronounced as "goek"(腳), but boat people pronounced it as "gok"(角). Because of different accents, they might be discriminated when finding jobs on land. Land dwellers could also identify the boat people by their appearances and names, such as Tai(娣), Kim(金), Mui(妹) etc.
276:, the Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter earned the reputation of "Boat Shanghai Street", signifying the flourishing prospect of it as a leisure spot. The typhoon shelter was popular with its featured cuisine and performance, and was conveniently located immediately west of
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as inferior to male, boys had more opportunities to get education under the limited quotas. Thus, education was not significant in the Yau Ma Tei shelter. After the boat people moved to public housing, their children mainly went to fishermen's children schools.
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at the shelter. Besides, there were some unlicensed doctors and "Wenmi Po" in the shelter. "Wenmi Po" would provide some "holly papers" to the patients to cure them. If boat people suffered from serious illnesses, they had to go to hospitals on land.
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years shorter comparing with the old policy. Also, if their boats were deemed as dangerous, they could apply for the public housing. This new regulation improved the living environment of the boat people and changed the unfair situation.
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Boats were tied together in the shelter for stability which posed a significant fire hazard. If there was a fire incident on a boat, other boats would be engulfed. The Yau Ma Tei boat people also faced threats from typhoons and poor
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Boat people traditionally fished for a living, that part of their catch which could fetch a good price was sold at market, with less prized fish was eaten by themselves. Fish surplus to what could be consumed or sold was
387:. They also reared chickens on the boat as the main source of meat. Vegetables were bought from the water market, while water was bought from the "water boat". Some boat people responsible for buying
738:
Davies, Thomas; Laqua, Daniel; Framke, Maria; Richard, Anne-Isabelle; Oliart, Patricia; Skinner, Kate; Lamo, Pilar
Requejo de; Kramm, Robert; Alston, Charlotte; Hurst, Matthew (8 January 2024).
673:
Davies, Thomas; Laqua, Daniel; Framke, Maria; Richard, Anne-Isabelle; Oliart, Patricia; Skinner, Kate; Lamo, Pilar
Requejo de; Kramm, Robert; Alston, Charlotte; Hurst, Matthew (8 January 2024).
569:, they were stopped by the police and got arrested. All 76 people were released. 11 supporters, made up of volunteers and social workers, were charged as against the Public Order Ordinance.
280:. It attracted not only local people, but also tourists. It was the golden period of the Yau Ma Tei shelter. Yet, there were news reports that suggested that the typhoon shelter jeopardised
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Hiroaki Kani (1967). A general survey of the boat people in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Southeast Asia
Studies Section, Hew Asia Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong. P. 70-73
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was the first to get in touch with them. Father Mella helped them in various aspects, especially education. He referred cases to volunteers or social workers, bringing more and more
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in their daily lives. They did not turn over food, especially fish, because the meaning of "turning food" was the sinking of boats. They also avoided using certain words, such as
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Kani, Hiroaki. A general survey of the boat people in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Southeast Asia Studies Section, Hew Asia Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1967
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The boats that boat people lived including kitchen, toilet, sleeping and studying areas. Wealthier boat people could divide their boats into more sections, such as
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Yau Ma Tei boat people changed their careers from fishery to entertainment and catering services in the 1950s. With the Government promoting typhoon shelters as a
322:, with offerings. The festival is to celebrate the Goddess's birthday and to pray for the spiritual protection and blessings, such as good weather and abundant
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As most of the boat people work on land, it was difficult for parents to take care of their children. Children became more likely to be involved in different
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and citizen rights. With the affiliation of social workers and social activists, Yau Ma Tei boat people started to plan a protest and negotiate with
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registration for them, which made them difficult to resettle on land. They were only assigned a new home on land if their boats sank by accident.
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Po-lin, P. C. (1981). Social action in practice: Yaumatei boat people as a case study. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong.P. 29-30
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Po-lin, P. C. (1981). Social action in practice: Yaumatei boat people as a case study. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong.P. 52
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Po-lin, P. C. Social action in practice: Yaumatei boat people as a case study. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong, 1981,
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The crowded home-boats led to a poor living environment in the shelter. However, the government had never carried out a
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conditions. With compact living space in the boats and lacking sense of cleanness, boat people might easily get ill.
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The Yau Ma Tei boat people were usually assigned to New Territories as frontiersmen under the policies of
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The boat people's livelihood was closely related to nature. As fishery depends on the weather, they seek
740:"Rethinking Transnational Activism through Regional Perspectives: Reflections, Literatures and Cases"
675:"Rethinking Transnational Activism through Regional Perspectives: Reflections, Literatures and Cases"
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as giving a pair of shoes to the little brother and giving two chickens to the bigger brother.
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by land dwellers, which could lead to discrimination. Yau Ma Tei boat people had their own
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Kathleen Cheek-Milby(1983). Recent Development in the Hong Kong Government, P. 219-245
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Before the predicament of Yau Ma Tei boat people had caught media's attention, Father
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development. They refused to follow this policy because they preferred to settle near
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in Hong Kong. The Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter was established in 1915 after a serious
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and vegetable on land and transferred them to the water market for further selling.
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As the boat people tended to dispose of their waste to the sea, the offshore
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Po-lin, P. C. (1981). Social action in practice: Yaumatei boat people as a
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to 2000, which worsened the living environment of the typhoon shelter.
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in Yau Ma Tei Shelter. Some religious groups had provided limited
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Former Yau Ma Tei typhoon shelter (background) pictured in 1985.
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to build a typhoon shelter for those boat people who relied on
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sailed towards Tin Hau temples, where they pay homages to the
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scheme. The original typhoon shelter was filled in under the
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of applying for a protest license changed from 10 to 20.
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on land, but made their clothing by themselves instead.
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The social workers told the boat people about their
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482:The protest of Yau Ma Tei boat people in the 1970s
214:Former Yau Ma Tei typhoon shelter in the 1970s
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803:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
744:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
679:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
609:, a 1999 historical film directed by Ann Hui
491:There were many problems that came with the
465:Boat people were regarded as competitors in
257:that hit on 18 September 1906. Around 3,000
284:as crimes like gambling, prostitution, and
261:sank because of the typhoon, prompting the
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
654:. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong.P. 28
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363:, which also means "sinking" in Chinese.
355:Yau Ma Tei boat people possessed several
190:Learn how and when to remove this message
172:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
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135:This article includes a list of general
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229:. In the 1980s many families moved to
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828:http://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/65138
16:Cultural group in Kowloon, Hong Kong
500:and engage in industries on land.
334:, for their safety and blessings.
141:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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221:refers to those who lived in the
34:This article has multiple issues.
269:in Yau Ma Tei to make a living.
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42:or discuss these issues on the
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627:"Offer to boat families".
223:Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter
811:10.1017/S0080440123000294
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688:10.1017/S0080440123000294
600:Aberdeen floating village
371:Boat people usually wore
249:There are many different
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629:South China Morning Post
567:Eastern Harbour Crossing
233:on land under a special
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832:“第五章：《公安條例》與遊行集會自由”
784:"第五章：《公安條例》與遊行集會自由"
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389:fresh water
313:boat people
286:opium trade
154:introducing
849:Yau Ma Tei
843:Categories
817:0080-4401.
652:case study
614:References
493:prosperity
467:job market
395:Daily life
328:Hung Shing
259:fish boats
245:Background
137:references
84:improve it
39:improve it
772:0080-4401
707:0080-4401
475:Cantonese
451:accidents
400:Education
373:Tang suit
88:verifying
45:talk page
805:: 1–27.
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594:See also
579:conflict
524:new town
455:drowning
332:Tam Kung
297:Religion
278:Mong Kok
162:May 2010
100:May 2010
795:Sources
528:Kowloon
517:tenancy
498:porters
471:accents
453:, like
444:hygiene
432:bedroom
377:clothes
324:harvest
320:Tin Hau
317:Goddess
267:fishery
255:typhoon
150:improve
82:Please
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588:quorum
385:salted
357:taboos
351:Taboos
139:, but
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