1159:
343:, that a rooster was heard to prophesize outside of the house of the Yakuno Amlak for three months that whoever ate his head would be king. The king then had the bird killed and cooked, but the cook discarded the rooster's head—which Yekuno Amlak ate, and thus became ruler of Ethiopia. Scholars have pointed out the similarity between this legend and one about the first king of
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247:
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in 1270. The Zagwe dynasty, which had replaced the
Aksumite royal house several centuries earlier, were depicted as "non-Israelite" usurpers. Yekuno Amlak's descendants, the Ethiopian emperors of the Solomonic dynasty, continued to propagate this
266:. However, there is no credible historical evidence for such an ancestry or that the Aksumite kings ever claimed descent from Solomon. The claims, nevertheless, formed the basis of his dynasty's pretense that Yekuno Amlak "restored" the
362:
Traditional history further reports that Yekuno Amlak was imprisoned by the Zagwe King Za-Ilmaknun ("the unknown, the hidden one") on Mount Malot, but managed to escape. He gathered support in the
486:(the ultimate head of the Ethiopian church), for his help for a new Abuna in 1273; the letter suggests this was not his first request. When one did not arrive, he blamed the intervention of the
605:
603:
In the
Ethiopian calendar, 10 Sené and 16 Nehasé, respectively. A. K. Irvine, "Review: The Different Collections of Nägś Hymns in Ethiopic Literature and Their Contributions."
1125:
1077:
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priests at the royal court as a result of this lack of attention from the
Patriarch. Taddesse also notes that around this time, the Patriarchs of Alexandria and
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1893:
517:'s appointment of an Ethiopian pilgrim as Abuna. This pilgrim never attempted to assume this post in Ethiopia, but—Taddesse Tamrat argues—the lack of
1888:
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family. Later medieval texts, written in support of his dynasty, claimed that he was a direct male line descendant of the former royal house of the
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347:, who likewise learned from mysterious voice that eating the head of a certain rooster would make him king, as well as the Ethiopian
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raised and educated him, helping him depose the last king of the Zagwe dynasty. Earlier hagiographies, however, state that it was
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successfully appealed to Yekuno Amlak in 1279 to restore his rule. Due to Yekuno Amlak's friendly relations with the Emirs of
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explains this discrepancy by pointing out
Istifanos had once been the premier monastery of Ethiopia, but Tekle Haymanot's
280:
1074:
648:
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1007:
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1846:
623:
Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and
Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region
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195:
1210:
525:
873:
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513:, until then the prerogative of the Patriarch of Antioch. One of the moves in this dispute was Patriarch
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397:
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762:. In Bausi, Alessandro; Appleyard, David L.; Uhlig, Siegbert; Kaplan, Steven; Hahn, Wolfgang (eds.).
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The church of
Genneta Maryam, which is traditionally believed to have been built by Yekuno Amlak
451:
Recorded history affords more certainty as to his relations with other countries. For example,
396:
history, Getatchew
Mekonnen Hasen, states that the last Zagwe king deposed by Yekuno Amlak was
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336:. However, neither of these traditions is contemporary with any of the individuals involved.
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into the 20th century when the dynasty's claimed descent from
Solomon was enshrined in the
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bishops forced Yekuno Amlak to rely on the Syrian partisans who arrived in his kingdom.
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1026:, 1928 (Oosterhout, the Netherlands: Anthropological Publications, 1970), p. 285.
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The
Dynamics of Tulama Oromo in the History of Continuity and Change, Ca. 1700–1880s
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Ethnic
Diversity and Federalism: Constitution Making in South Africa and Ethiopia
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There was also the story, related in both the "Life of Iyasus Mo'a" and the
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Non-contemporary portrait painting of Emperor Yekuno Amlak from 17th century
355:", which relates a story about a cooked rooster presented to Christ at the
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strained these relations. A letter survives that he wrote to the Egyptian
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The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present
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1437:
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479:
445:
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141:
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234:) who became the Emperor of Ethiopia following the defeat of the last
59:
Contemporary portrait of Yekuno Amlak from the Genneta Maryam church,
1458:
475:
463:
328:
262:
which was, itself, descended, it was claimed, from the biblical king
793:
International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle east and Africa
559:
Gates, Henry Louis; Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Niven, Steven J. (2012).
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The Figure of Solomon in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Tradition
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were struggling for control of the appointment of the bishop of
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neighbors were friendly; however his attempts to be granted an
1084:
The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 28 January 2008)
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states that Yekuno Amlak not only exchanged letters with the
501:
Taddesse Tamrat interprets Yekuno Amlak's son's allusion to
326:
it became the custom to appoint the abbot of Debre Libanos
927:
Oromo of Ethiopia with special emphasis on the Gibe region
565:. Vol. 6. Oxford University Press. pp. 204–205.
374:
with an army of followers, defeated the Zagwe king at the
270:
to the Ethiopian throne when he overthrew the last of the
900:"'The Wealth of Kings' and the End of the Zāguē Dynasty"
904:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
606:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
524:
Yekuno Amlak is credited with the construction of the
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had Yekuno Amlak's body re-interred in the church of
322:
eventually eclipsed Istifanos, and from the reign of
1851:
During that time, the imperial title was claimed by
816:
Witakowski, Witold; Balicka-Witakowska, Ewa (2013).
494:, who had hindered the progress of his messenger to
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370:, after receiving considerable aid from the Muslim
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704:The Black History Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained
448:, an alternative capital near their principality.
960:(Addis Ababa: Nigd Matemiya Bet, 1992), pp. 28–29
766:. Michigan State University Press. p. 111.
416:Yekuno Amlak took the name of his father as his
1845:, Haile Selassie went into exile following the
996:. University of South Africa. pp. 209–210.
610:. School of Oriental and African Studies, 1985.
222:, which lasted until 1974. He was a ruler from
41:
973:Ancient and Medieval Ethiopian History to 1270
1141:
424:, and is said to have campaigned against the
8:
218:, from 1270 to 1285, and the founder of the
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1134:
1126:
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1024:A History of Ethiopia: Nubia and Abyssinia
947:(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972), p. 68 n.1
795:. Vol. 4. Routledge. pp. 32–34.
53:
31:
915:Huntingford, "'Wealth of Kings'", pp. 4–6
764:Ethiopia: History, Culture and Challenges
787:Berney, K.A.; Ring, Trudy, eds. (2014).
210:: ይኩኖ አምላክ Yəkkuno ˀAmlak); throne name
707:. Dorling Kindersley Ltd. p. 172.
551:
196:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
121:
1063:Layers of Time, A History of Ethiopia
432:. According to Arabic texts found in
306:. Later medieval hagiographies state
27:Emperor of Ethiopia from 1270 to 1285
7:
626:. Taylor & Francis. p. 43.
286:Yekuno Amlak was the local ruler of
254:Yekuno Amlak hailed from an ancient
198: instead of Ethiopic characters.
1065:(New York: Palgrave, 2000), p. 59.
214:(ተስፋ ኢየሱስ; died 19 June 1285) was
25:
1894:13th-century emperors of Ethiopia
734:Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia
647:Fessha, Yonathan Tesfaye (2016).
298:region. where he was educated at
1157:
818:"Solomon in Ethiopian tradition"
176:
1889:13th-century monarchs in Africa
845:Trimingham, J. Spencer (2013).
674:Trimingham, J. Spencer (2013).
562:Dictionary of African Biography
359:which is brought back to life.
878:. HarperCollins. p. 428.
872:Dupuy, Richard Ernest (1993).
737:. Scarecrow Press. p. 5.
436:, a deposed Dil Marrah of the
1:
820:. In Verheyden, Jozef (ed.).
731:; Ofcansky, Thomas P (2013).
386:, but due to a local form of
78:10 August 1270 – 19 June 1285
945:Church and State in Ethiopia
482:, who was suzerain over the
1318:Zara Yaqob (Kwestantinos I)
1075:"Local History in Ethiopia"
281:1955 Ethiopian constitution
1915:
1847:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
1332:Eskender (Kwestantinos II)
1012:. Encyclopedia Aethiopica.
653:. Routledge. p. 153.
593:. I.B. Tauris. p. 24.
591:Ethiopia: The Unknown Land
382:argued that this king was
42:
1827:
1204:Yagbe'u Seyon (Salomon I)
1175:
1114:
1105:
1097:
1092:
970:Selassie, Sergew (1972).
956:Getachew Mekonnen Hasen,
851:. Routledge. p. 57.
680:. Routledge. p. 57.
472:Ethiopian Orthodox Church
428:, which lay south of the
332:, or secular head of the
242:Origins and rise to power
167:Ethiopian Orthodox Church
131:
120:
52:
1080:19 December 2008 at the
906:, 28 (1965), pp. 2f
758:Kaplan, Stephen (2017).
620:Abir, Mordechai (2013).
526:Church of Gennete Maryam
226:(in parts of modern-day
18:Yekuno Amlak of Ethiopia
701:Olusoga, David (2021).
535:His descendant Emperor
484:Patriarch of Alexandria
824:. Brill. p. 221.
608:, University of London
413:
251:
184:This article contains
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249:
1164:Emperors of Ethiopia
1856:Victor Emmanuel III
1108:Emperor of Ethiopia
760:"Solomonic dynasty"
422:emperor of Ethiopia
304:Istifanos Monastery
216:Emperor of Ethiopia
69:Emperor of Ethiopia
1498:Era of the Princes
958:Wollo, Yager Dibab
438:Sultanate of Shewa
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372:Sultanate of Shewa
316:G.W.B. Huntingford
252:
1899:Solomonic dynasty
1871:
1870:
1863:Emperor-in-exile.
1776:Tekle Giyorgis II
1530:Tekle Haymanot II
1516:Tekle Haymanot II
1186:Solomonic dynasty
1124:
1123:
1115:Succeeded by
943:Taddesse Tamrat,
898:See Huntingford,
848:Islam in Ethiopia
831:978-90-04-24232-6
802:978-1-134-25986-1
773:978-3-643-90892-6
677:Islam in Ethiopia
660:978-1-317-14098-6
633:978-1-136-28090-0
572:978-0-19-538207-5
515:Ignatius IV Yeshu
457:Byzantine Emperor
453:E.A. Wallis Budge
389:damnatio memoriae
366:provinces and in
268:Solomonic dynasty
220:Solomonic dynasty
192:rendering support
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976:. p. 290.
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420:upon becoming
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308:Tekle Haymanot
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1759:
1755:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1698:Gebre Krestos
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:Gebre Krestos
1681:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1643:
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1340:
1339:Amda Seyon II
1336:
1333:
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1326:
1322:
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1298:
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1262:Newaya Maryam
1259:
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1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
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1208:
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1198:
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1187:
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1165:
1160:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1119:
1118:Yagbe'u Seyon
1110:
1109:
1102:
1096:
1091:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1055:
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1045:
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1038:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1003:
1000:
992:
991:
983:
980:
975:
974:
966:
963:
959:
953:
950:
946:
940:
937:
929:
928:
921:
918:
912:
909:
905:
901:
895:
892:
887:
881:
877:
876:
868:
865:
860:
854:
850:
849:
841:
838:
833:
827:
823:
819:
812:
809:
804:
798:
794:
790:
783:
780:
775:
769:
765:
761:
754:
751:
746:
740:
736:
735:
730:
724:
721:
716:
710:
706:
705:
697:
694:
689:
683:
679:
678:
670:
667:
662:
656:
652:
651:
643:
640:
635:
629:
625:
624:
616:
613:
609:
607:
600:
597:
592:
588:
582:
579:
574:
568:
564:
563:
555:
552:
546:
544:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
458:
454:
449:
447:
444:, he founded
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
410:
403:
401:
399:
395:
391:
390:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
349:Mashafa dorho
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
330:
325:
321:
320:Debre Libanos
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
248:
241:
239:
237:
233:
230:and northern
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
197:
193:
189:
187:
186:Ethiopic text
168:
165:
161:
158:
155:
151:
148:
145:
143:
139:
130:
127:
123:
119:
116:
111:
107:
104:
99:
95:
91:
88:
87:Yagbe'u Seyon
85:
81:
77:
73:
70:
66:
62:
56:
51:
40:
37:
36:
33:
30:
19:
1853:Italian King
1747:Sahle Dengel
1740:Yohannes III
1733:Sahle Dengel
1726:Yohannes III
1719:Sahle Dengel
1712:Yohannes III
1705:Sahle Dengel
1691:Sahle Dengel
1642:Egwale Seyon
1374:Sarsa Dengel
1304:Sarwe Iyasus
1297:Takla Maryam
1248:Amda Seyon I
1197:Yekuno Amlak
1196:
1106:
1070:
1062:
1057:
1049:
1044:
1036:
1031:
1023:
1018:
1008:
1002:
989:
982:
972:
965:
957:
952:
944:
939:
933:. p. 4.
926:
920:
911:
903:
894:
874:
867:
847:
840:
821:
811:
792:
782:
763:
753:
733:
723:
703:
696:
676:
669:
649:
642:
622:
615:
604:
599:
590:
581:
561:
554:
534:
523:
500:
460:Michael VIII
450:
415:
387:
361:
348:
340:
338:
327:
285:
253:
212:Tesfa Iyasus
211:
204:Yekuno Amlak
203:
202:
183:
157:Tasfa Iyasus
132:Tasfa Iyasus
112:19 June 1285
38:Yekuno Amlak
29:
1884:1285 deaths
1783:Yohannes IV
1769:Tewodros II
1761:(1855–1974)
1614:Salomon III
1593:Salomon III
1523:Susenyos II
1509:Yohannes II
1501:(1769–1855)
1416:(1632–1769)
1311:Amda Iyasus
1223:Qedma Asgad
1218:Hezba Asgad
1189:(1270–1632)
1178:Family tree
1052:, pp. 69ff.
430:Abbay River
418:throne name
357:Last Supper
312:Iyasus Mo'a
294:around the
277:origin myth
272:Zagwe kings
224:Bete Amhara
126:Regnal name
103:Bete Amhara
43:ዓፄ ይኩኖ አምላክ
1878:Categories
1790:Menelik II
1537:Salomon II
1431:Yohannes I
1402:Susenyos I
1360:Gelawdewos
1276:Tewodros I
1241:Wedem Arad
1233:Saba Asgad
1112:1270–1285
1035:Taddesse,
547:References
324:Amda Seyon
1843:1936–1941
1797:Lij Iyasu
1551:Iyasu III
1466:Dawit III
1424:Fasilides
1388:Za Dengel
1228:Jin Asgad
511:Jerusalem
300:Lake Hayq
296:Lake Hayq
83:Successor
1841:Between
1677:Iyasu IV
1649:Iyoas II
1635:Demetros
1621:Demetros
1565:Hezqeyas
1480:Iyasu II
1452:Tewoflos
1353:Dawit II
1290:Andreyas
1283:Yeshaq I
1101:Yetbarak
1078:Archived
589:(2002).
530:Lalibela
470:for the
384:Yetbarak
292:Ambassel
163:Religion
61:Lalibela
1834:crowned
1804:Zewditu
1487:Iyoas I
1473:Bakaffa
1269:Dawit I
1022:Budge,
1009:Ankobar
789:"Aksum"
507:Antioch
480:Baibars
478:Sultan
446:Ankober
264:Solomon
142:Dynasty
1832:Never
1459:Yostos
882:
855:
828:
799:
770:
741:
711:
684:
657:
630:
569:
519:Coptic
503:Syrian
488:Sultan
476:Mamluk
464:Muslim
364:Amhara
329:Ichege
288:Geshen
256:Amhara
238:king.
153:Father
1670:Gigar
1656:Gigar
1600:Yonas
1395:Yaqob
1381:Yaqob
1367:Menas
1346:Na'od
994:(PDF)
931:(PDF)
528:near
496:Cairo
492:Yemen
468:Abuna
442:Harar
434:Harar
404:Reign
394:Wollo
368:Shewa
345:Kaffa
236:Zagwe
232:Shewa
228:Wollo
208:Ge’ez
100:1250s
75:Reign
1211:Sons
1168:List
880:ISBN
853:ISBN
826:ISBN
797:ISBN
768:ISBN
739:ISBN
709:ISBN
682:ISBN
655:ISBN
628:ISBN
567:ISBN
351:or "
290:and
109:Died
97:Born
490:of
302:'s
1880::
902:,
791:.
543:.
498:.
400:.
378:.
283:.
1858:.
1849:.
1836:.
1170:)
1166:(
1149:e
1142:t
1135:v
888:.
861:.
834:.
805:.
776:.
747:.
717:.
690:.
663:.
636:.
575:.
206:(
188:.
20:)
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