97:(Emperor Shizu) established the Yuan dynasty. The city was the administrative seat of the Prince of Lu (魯王). This square-walled city incorporated symmetrical elements, wide axial streets from the gates led to an administrative compound in the center north area, emulating the
124:
in historiography) established their capital at
Yingchang. After the death of Toghon Temür in this city in 1370, the Ming armies under Li Wenzhong managed to capture the Yingchang, one of the major cities still in the hands of the Northern Yuan, in the same year.
221:
151:
E. Bretschneider-Mediaeval
Researches from Eastern Asiatic Sources - Geography and History of Central and Western Asia From the 13th to the 17th Century, p.162
770:
18:
214:
760:
450:
207:
465:
445:
126:
247:
714:
755:
398:
72:
475:
455:
719:
480:
765:
178:
Piper Rae
Gaubatz-Beyond the Great Wall: urban form and transformation on the Chinese frontiers, p.155
556:
551:
470:
709:
402:
378:
280:
561:
541:
515:
136:
The
Northern Yuan once took back Yingchang in 1374, but the Ming recaptured the city in 1380.
775:
317:
76:
50:
662:
546:
293:
607:
440:
338:
105:
80:
749:
602:
326:
309:
230:
121:
525:
386:
370:
117:
98:
68:
566:
510:
500:
485:
187:
94:
627:
536:
520:
460:
272:
33:
20:
618:
571:
495:
352:
301:
199:
130:
109:
87:
160:
Christopher P. Atwood-Encyclopedia of
Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p.201
505:
490:
431:
394:
330:
297:
267:
113:
90:
382:
374:
366:
356:
120:
in 1368 and 1369 respectively, the Yuan remnants (referred to as the
58:
597:
390:
334:
313:
203:
169:
Alfred Schinz-The magic square: cities in ancient China, p.286
129:(Emperor Zhaozong) fled north soon afterwards and later made
192:
Imperial Nomads: A History of
Central Asia, 500-1500
108:(Emperor Huizong), the last Yuan emperor, lost
215:
8:
593:
588:
424:
419:
262:
257:
240:
222:
208:
200:
697:Soloi Maqasamadi Sechen Khan (1577–1652)
67:) was one of the important cities in the
144:
86:The city of Yingchang was built by the
7:
14:
636:Boshugtu Khung Taiji (1608–1636)
771:Former populated places in China
634:Namudai Sechen Khan (1586–1607)
632:Sengge Düüreng Khan (1583–1585)
671:Chakhun Dorji Khan (1654–1698)
667:Eriyekhei Mergen Khan (1589–?)
650:Buyan Baatur Taiji (1573–1576)
683:Norbu Bisireltü Khan (d. 1661)
63:
1:
648:Noyandara Jinong (1543–1572)
654:Erinchen Jinong (1624–1636)
652:Boshugtu Jinong (1577–1624)
93:in 1271, the same year that
501:Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha
792:
669:Gombodorji Khan (d. 1655)
441:Ukhaantu Khan Toghun-Temur
761:History of Inner Mongolia
715:Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji
699:Baba Sechen Khan (1653–?)
591:
446:Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara
422:
260:
238:
54:
646:Mergen Jinong (d. 1542)
720:Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji
483:Bunyashiri (1403–1412)
466:Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan
451:Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür
644:Barsu-Bolod (d. 1521)
552:Darayisung Gödeng Khan
244:Political organization
34:43.25472°N 116.46167°E
701:Sechen Khan (d. 1686)
685:Chambun Khan (1670?–)
518:(Ükegtü) (1454–1465)
456:Jorightu Khan Yesüder
71:. It was situated on
478:Gulichi (1402–1408)
306:Three Western Tumens
290:Three Eastern Tumens
557:Tümen Jasaghtu Khan
39:43.25472; 116.46167
30: /
710:Ubasi Khong Tayiji
133:the capital city.
743:
742:
738:
737:
734:
733:
729:
728:
585:
584:
580:
579:
562:Buyan Sechen Khan
542:Bars Bolud Jinong
416:
415:
411:
410:
252:Independent khans
783:
594:
589:
481:Öljei Temür Khan
425:
420:
263:
258:
241:
224:
217:
210:
201:
195:
185:
179:
176:
170:
167:
161:
158:
152:
149:
77:Heshigten Banner
65:
56:
45:
44:
42:
41:
40:
35:
31:
28:
27:
26:
23:
791:
790:
786:
785:
784:
782:
781:
780:
756:Medieval cities
746:
745:
744:
739:
730:
725:
723:
718:
713:
704:
702:
700:
698:
692:
690:
689:Shara (d. 1687)
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
663:Abtai Sain Khan
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
581:
576:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
547:Bodi Alagh Khan
545:
540:
531:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
476:Örüg Temür Khan
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
361:
359:
355:
351:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
321:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
234:
228:
198:
186:
182:
177:
173:
168:
164:
159:
155:
150:
146:
142:
38:
36:
32:
29:
24:
21:
19:
17:
16:
12:
11:
5:
789:
787:
779:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
748:
747:
741:
740:
736:
735:
732:
731:
727:
726:
707:
705:
695:
693:
681:Subandai Khan
677:
675:
660:
658:
642:
640:
625:
622:
621:
616:
613:
610:
605:
600:
592:
586:
583:
582:
578:
577:
534:
532:
516:Markörgis Khan
471:Gün Temür Khan
438:
435:
434:
429:
423:
417:
414:
413:
409:
408:
364:
362:
346:
344:
324:
322:
318:Yunshebu Tümen
287:
284:
283:
278:
277:Notable cities
275:
270:
261:
254:
253:
250:
245:
239:
236:
235:
229:
227:
226:
219:
212:
204:
197:
196:
180:
171:
162:
153:
143:
141:
138:
104:Shortly after
81:Inner Mongolia
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
788:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
751:
724:
721:
716:
712:(c.1609–1623)
711:
706:
703:
694:
691:
679:Laikhur Khan
676:
673:
664:
659:
656:
641:
638:
629:
624:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
595:
590:
587:
575:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
530:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
491:Oyiradai Khan
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
436:
433:
430:
427:
426:
421:
418:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
360:
358:
354:
350:
345:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
320:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
285:
282:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
265:
264:
259:
256:
255:
251:
249:
248:List of Khans
246:
243:
242:
237:
232:
231:Northern Yuan
225:
220:
218:
213:
211:
206:
205:
202:
193:
189:
184:
181:
175:
172:
166:
163:
157:
154:
148:
145:
139:
137:
134:
132:
128:
123:
122:Northern Yuan
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
100:
96:
92:
89:
84:
82:
78:
74:
73:Lake Taal Nor
70:
66:
60:
52:
48:
43:
766:Yuan dynasty
708:
696:
678:
665:(1567–1588)
661:
643:
630:(1521–1582)
626:
574:(1634–1635)
569:(1604–1634)
564:(1592–1604)
559:(1557–1592)
554:(1547–1557)
549:(1516–1547)
539:(1480–1516)
535:
528:(1475–1479)
526:Manduul Khan
523:(1465–1466)
513:(1453–1454)
503:(1433–1452)
498:(1425–1438)
493:(1415–1425)
488:(1411–1415)
473:(1399–1402)
468:(1394–1399)
463:(1391–1394)
458:(1388–1391)
453:(1378–1388)
448:(1370–1378)
443:(1368–1370)
439:
387:Khong Tayiji
365:
348:
347:
339:Dörbet Oirat
325:
305:
289:
288:
191:
183:
174:
165:
156:
147:
135:
127:Ayushiridara
118:Ming dynasty
106:Toghon Temür
103:
85:
69:Yuan dynasty
62:
46:
15:
722:(1652–1667)
717:(1623–1652)
567:Ligdan Khan
511:Esen Taishi
486:Delbeg Khan
233:(1368–1635)
188:Luc Kwanten
37: /
25:116°27′42″E
750:Categories
628:Altan Khan
537:Dayan Khan
521:Molon Khan
461:Engke Khan
399:Councellor
273:Four Oirat
266:Six Tumen
140:References
75:in modern
22:43°15′17″N
619:Khotogoid
572:Ejei Khan
544:(deputy)
496:Adai Khan
353:Karakorum
349:Yingchang
302:Uriankhai
131:Karakorum
88:Khongirad
83:, China.
64:Yìngchāng
47:Yingchang
687:Zenggün
506:Agbarjin
776:Chifeng
612:Jasagtu
608:Tüsheet
508:(1453)
428:Unified
395:Tarkhan
331:Torghut
294:Khalkha
268:Mongols
194:, p.243
116:to the
114:Shangdu
101:style.
91:Mongols
51:Chinese
615:Sechen
432:Chahar
383:Jinong
379:Taishi
375:Khatun
367:Khagan
357:Hohhot
327:Choros
298:Chahar
281:Titles
95:Kublai
61::
59:pinyin
53::
603:Ordos
598:Tumed
391:Noyan
335:Khoid
314:Tumed
310:Ordos
403:Wang
371:Khan
112:and
110:Dadu
99:Tang
752::
190:,
79:,
57:;
55:應昌
223:e
216:t
209:v
49:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.