194:
60:
53:
414:
426:
was removed from Zabala during this period. This activity reached a new height in the 1990s, at which time the Iraqi State
Organization of Antiquities and Heritage authorized an official excavation, the first at the site. Two seasons of excavation, in 2001 and 2002, occurred under the direction of
421:
The site, which covers an areas of about 61 hectares, was first identified during the South
Mesopotamian Mound Survey in 1954. Beginning in the early 1900s, a great deal of illegal excavation occurred in Zabala. An example of writing from the time of
251:. In early archaeology this location was also called Tel el-Buzekh. Locally it is called Tell Bzikh. Zabala was at the crossing of the ancient Iturungal and Ninagina canals, 10 kilometers to the northwest of
323:, governor of Zabalam, he captured. Their cities he conquered, and their walls he destroyed. Further, from their two cities many men he expelled, and to annihilation he consigned them"
275:
including a list of early sites - Ur, Nippur, Larsa, Uruk, Kes, and
Zabalam. The earliest historical record, a bowl inscription, indicates that Zabala was under the control of
476:
Feliu, Lluís. "A New Early
Dynastic IIIb Metro-Mathematical Table Tablet of Area Measures from Zabalam" Altorientalische Forschungen, vol. 39, no. 2, 2012, pp. 218-225
494:
Powell, Marvin A., "Texts from the Time of
Lugalzagesi Problems and Perspectives in Their Interpretation", Hebrew Union College Annual, vol. 49, pp. 1–58, 1978
802:
642:
427:
Haider Al-Subaihawi. Several public and religious buildings were uncovered, a number of cuneiform tablets and an inscribed stone foundation cylinder of
792:
601:
The ruling family of Ur III Umma. A Prosopographical
Analysis of an Elite Family in Southern Iraq 4000 Years ago, J.L. Dahl, UCLA dissertation, 2003
283:. This is further supported by tablets from that period. The city is also known to have been under the control of Me'annedu, father of Lugalzagesi.
672:
Fahad, Saad S.. "Two
Unpublished Texts from Zabalam (Ibzikh) Dated to the Reign of Warad-Sin", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 68, pp. 3-8, 2016
797:
395:
built Zabala's temple Ezi-Kalam-ma to the goddess Inanna. The temple of Inanna in
Zabalam is the subject of hymn 26 from a collection known as
787:
527:
681:
al
Hamdani, A. (2008): Protecting and Recording our Archaeological Heritage in Southern Iraq, NearEastern Archaeology, vol. 71, pp. 221–230
260:
711:
118:
576:
751:
193:
729:
632:
Armando
Bramanti, "Three Administrative Texts from the Time of Me’annedu", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 69, pp. 33–47, 2017
503:
Armando Bramanti, "Three Administrative Texts from the Time of Me’annedu", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 69, pp. 33–47, 2017
694:
594:
763:
706:
Andrew George, House Most High: The Temples of Ancient Mesopotamia (Mesopotamian Civilizations, Vol 5), Eisenbrauns, 1993,
621:
812:
485:
Green, M.W., A note on an archaic period geographical list from Warka, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, pp293-4, 1977
562:
Mari A. Gough, Historical Perception in the Sargonic Literary Tradition: The Implications of Copied Texts, Rosetta,
716:
B. Alster, Geštinanna as Singer and the Chorus of Uruk and Zabalam: UET 6/1 22, JCS, vol. 37, pp. 219–28, 1985
352:
as reported by the year names of several rulers including Itar-pisa and Ur-Ninurta. The town was later subject to
52:
259:. A cuneiform tablet from Zabala contains one of only a few metro-mathematical tables of area measures from the
782:
563:
663:
Al-Subaihawi, H. 2003/4 Archaeological Prospecting in Site Buzeikh, 2001–2002 (in Arabic). Sumer 52: 169–200
643:"A Stray Sumerian Tablet: Unravelling the story behind Cambridge University Library's oldest written object"
467:
Powell, M. A. "Evidence for Local Cults at Presargonic Zabala." Orientalia, vol. 45, 1976, pp. 100–104
817:
228:
543:
397:
337:
272:
320:
707:
523:
256:
202:
623:
A. Goetze, "Archaeological Survey of Ancient Canals", Sumer, vol 11, iss. 2, pp 127-128, 1955
517:
726:
448:
333:
92:
447:
was also found. A further outbreak of archaeological looting at Zabala broke out after the
807:
767:
755:
598:
580:
300:
296:
574:
748:
743:
610:
360:, whose year name reported the building of the "Favorite of Inanna of Zabalam" canal.
776:
738:
733:
315:
was victorious, and 15,718 men he struck down, and 14,576 captives he took. Further,
760:
413:
592:
560:
519:
Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC: Holy Warriors at the Dawn of History
444:
308:
276:
240:
106:
436:
402:
133:
120:
428:
423:
392:
388:
198:
348:
After the fall of Akkad, Zabala came into the sphere of the city-state of
440:
316:
353:
312:
244:
17:
583:
The Rulers of Larsa, M. Fitzgerald, Yale University Dissertation, 2002
369:
292:
432:
412:
357:
236:
192:
340:
both reported building a temple to the goddess Inanna in Zabala.
299:
reports Zabala as attempting to rebel against the control of the
377:
349:
280:
252:
248:
232:
96:
373:
166:
Jemdet Nasr, Early Dynastic, Sargonic, Ur III, Isin-Larsa
217:
33:
271:The first mentions of Zabala are in seals from the
183:
175:
170:
162:
157:
149:
112:
102:
88:
80:
305:
8:
443:), from Warad-Sin which mentions his father
30:
611:Tablet MS 1876/1 in the Schøyen Collection
307:"Rimuš, king of the world, in battle over
29:
749:Translation of Temple Hymns of Enheduanna
380:which was the capital of Umma Province.
511:
509:
460:
227:(also Tell el-Buzekh or Tell Ibzaykh),
328:Adab and Zabalam Inscription of Rimus.
372:period, Zabala was controlled by the
319:, governor of Adab, he captured, and
7:
803:2nd-millennium BC disestablishments
25:
739:Year Names of Naram-Sin of Akkad
435:were found. A bronze sculpture (
58:
51:
793:Former populated places in Iraq
761:Post 2003 war looting at Zabala
695:Cities of the ancient Near East
798:History of Dhi Qar Governorate
744:Year Names of Abisare of Larsa
401:, traditionally attributed to
59:
1:
522:. Routledge. pp. 93–94.
243:, located in what is now the
788:Archaeological sites in Iraq
516:Hamblin, William J. (2006).
834:
727:CDLI background on Zabala
46:
39:
27:City with Inanna as deity
564:University of Birmingham
291:In the Sargonic Period,
235:) was a city of ancient
255:. The city's deity was
197:Foundation figurine of
418:
331:
206:
439:, which is a form of
416:
261:Early Dynastic Period
196:
176:Excavation dates
134:31.74333°N 45.87667°E
81:Alternative name
544:"CDLI-Archival View"
417:Basse Mesopotamie DA
344:Post-Akkadian Period
229:Dhi Qar Governorate
205:, found at Zabalam.
187:Haider Al-Subaihawi
130: /
36:
813:Jemdet Nasr period
766:2008-08-28 at the
754:2005-12-28 at the
597:2006-05-12 at the
579:2009-03-06 at the
419:
273:Jemdet Nasr period
207:
139:31.74333; 45.87667
529:978-1-134-52062-6
391:texts state that
384:Babylonian Period
191:
190:
72:Shown within Iraq
16:(Redirected from
825:
682:
679:
673:
670:
664:
661:
655:
654:
652:
650:
639:
633:
630:
624:
619:
613:
608:
602:
590:
584:
572:
566:
558:
552:
551:
540:
534:
533:
513:
504:
501:
495:
492:
486:
483:
477:
474:
468:
465:
449:2003 War in Iraq
334:Shar-kali-sharri
329:
257:Inanna of Zabala
219:
145:
144:
142:
141:
140:
135:
131:
128:
127:
126:
123:
93:Dhi Qar Province
62:
61:
55:
37:
35:
21:
833:
832:
828:
827:
826:
824:
823:
822:
783:Sumerian cities
773:
772:
768:Wayback Machine
756:Wayback Machine
723:
703:
691:
686:
685:
680:
676:
671:
667:
662:
658:
648:
646:
645:. 13 March 2018
641:
640:
636:
631:
627:
620:
616:
609:
605:
599:Wayback Machine
591:
587:
581:Wayback Machine
573:
569:
559:
555:
542:
541:
537:
530:
515:
514:
507:
502:
498:
493:
489:
484:
480:
475:
471:
466:
462:
457:
411:
386:
366:
346:
330:
327:
301:Akkadian Empire
289:
287:Akkadian Period
269:
247:governorate in
138:
136:
132:
129:
124:
121:
119:
117:
116:
76:
75:
74:
73:
70:
69:
68:
67:
63:
42:
32:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
831:
829:
821:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
775:
774:
771:
770:
758:
746:
741:
736:
732:2011-08-09 at
722:
721:External links
719:
718:
717:
714:
702:
699:
698:
697:
690:
687:
684:
683:
674:
665:
656:
634:
625:
614:
603:
585:
567:
553:
535:
528:
505:
496:
487:
478:
469:
459:
458:
456:
453:
410:
407:
385:
382:
365:
362:
345:
342:
325:
288:
285:
268:
265:
189:
188:
185:
184:Archaeologists
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
155:
154:
151:
147:
146:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
90:
86:
85:
84:Tell el-Buzekh
82:
78:
77:
71:
65:
64:
57:
56:
50:
49:
48:
47:
44:
43:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
830:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
778:
769:
765:
762:
759:
757:
753:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
734:archive.today
731:
728:
725:
724:
720:
715:
713:
712:0-931464-80-3
709:
705:
704:
700:
696:
693:
692:
688:
678:
675:
669:
666:
660:
657:
644:
638:
635:
629:
626:
622:
618:
615:
612:
607:
604:
600:
596:
593:
589:
586:
582:
578:
575:
571:
568:
565:
561:
557:
554:
549:
548:cdli.ucla.edu
545:
539:
536:
531:
525:
521:
520:
512:
510:
506:
500:
497:
491:
488:
482:
479:
473:
470:
464:
461:
454:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
425:
415:
408:
406:
404:
400:
399:
394:
390:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
364:Ur III Period
363:
361:
359:
355:
351:
343:
341:
339:
335:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
304:
302:
298:
294:
286:
284:
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
215:
211:
204:
200:
195:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
165:
161:
156:
152:
148:
143:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
83:
79:
54:
45:
38:
19:
677:
668:
659:
647:. Retrieved
637:
628:
617:
606:
588:
570:
556:
547:
538:
518:
499:
490:
481:
472:
463:
420:
398:Temple Hymns
396:
387:
376:governor in
367:
347:
332:
306:
290:
270:
225:Tell Ibzeikh
224:
220:
213:
209:
208:
818:City-states
445:Kudur-Mabuk
409:Archaeology
368:During the
277:Lugalzagesi
241:Mesopotamia
137: /
113:Coordinates
107:Mesopotamia
777:Categories
701:References
431:, king of
403:Enheduanna
321:Lugalgalzu
179:2001, 2002
171:Site notes
153:Settlement
125:45°52′36″E
122:31°44′36″N
649:March 14,
429:Warad-Sin
424:Hammurabi
393:Hammurabi
389:Cuneiform
338:Naram-Sin
317:Meskigala
223:, modern
199:Warad-Sin
764:Archived
752:Archived
730:Archived
689:See also
595:Archived
577:Archived
441:Caryatid
437:canephor
326:—
218:𒍝𒈽𒀕𒆠
89:Location
34:𒍝𒈽𒀕𒆠
354:Abisare
313:Zabalam
267:History
245:Dhi Qar
221:zabalam
214:Zabalam
212:, also
163:Periods
158:History
41:{{{1}}}
18:Zabalam
808:Inanna
710:
526:
370:Ur III
293:Rimush
210:Zabala
203:Inanna
103:Region
66:Zabala
31:Zabala
455:Notes
433:Larsa
358:Larsa
297:Akkad
237:Sumer
708:ISBN
651:2018
524:ISBN
378:Umma
350:Isin
336:and
311:and
309:Adab
281:Umma
253:Umma
249:Iraq
233:Iraq
201:for
150:Type
97:Iraq
356:of
295:of
279:of
239:in
779::
546:.
508:^
451:.
405:.
374:Ur
303::
263:.
231:,
95:,
653:.
550:.
532:.
216:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
