169:
292:. The sultans of the Alawite dynasty also expended great efforts to return the Zaydani Library. All of the Moroccan diplomats to Spain in the Alawite dynasty demanded the return of not only the Zaydani Library, but all Arabo-Andalusi manuscripts in Spain. The first attempt came from Sultan Zaydan himself, who attempted to open negotiations with the Spanish court for the sake of returning his books, and offered 60,000 gold dirhams in exchange for them, and repeated these attempts a number of times without any success until his death in 1037 / 1626 and his descendants didn't stop asking for their return, either.
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306:) mentioned that most Arab travelers to Spain addressed the importance of the Arabic books and manuscripts found in El Escorial. Among the most prominent of these voyageurs were three Moroccan diplomats who visited Spain in succeeding historical periods, going there to negotiate with the Spanish monarchs Carlos II and Carlos III over the matter of the numerous Moroccan manuscripts present in El Escorial and their return to Morocco.
615:
321:) in which he described the wing of the library where Zaydan's books and manuscripts were kept and his negotiation with Carlos II for the release of Muslims held prisoners and the return of some manuscripts to Morocco. The Spanish king conceded to the first request, but not the request for the books, which he claimed had been burned.
385:—all of which were annotated—in addition to many books on medicine. I read what the limited time allowed, then I left the collection with the flame of sorrows ignited within my heart. I would call for revenge, for none had taken revenge for this. I wish I had never seen it—but this El Escorial is, in the end, a wonder of the world.
363:, who visited Spain somewhere between 1193 and 1194 (هـ) or 1779–1780 to sign an agreement to renew relations between the two countries and release Algerian prisoners held in Spain. Like his predecessors, he didn't forget to visit the El Escorial Monastery, where he stopped for a long time at the Arabic manuscripts. In his book
246:
The group of folios gathered in this book was published under the order of the renowned theologian, a vizier of the noble chamber exalted through God, Sir
Muhammad Bin Abd As-Salām As-Slāwi, may God assist him—for there it contains no more and no less than what was written in the two volumes printed
138:
Zaydan took another ship, one from
Holland, for himself and his servants and followers, as well as some of his loyal knights. The two ships arrived in Agadir together on June 16, 1612, and Zaydan left the Dutch ship the same day accompanied by his wives and his servants. De Castellane refused to
380:
The books were very well-preserved, and it was written in foreign script on the door to the collection: "The Pope orders that nothing be taken from this collection." Answering to the compulsions within us, they opened the door to the collection for us on his order, showing us the books of the
200:
Library in 1749. He's also indexed and catalogued the huge collection of Arabic manuscripts held at El
Escorial. His catalogue took the form of an annotated bibliography with excerpts demonstrating the value of the manuscripts of particular importance, and translations of these excerpts into
347:
The king of Spain ordered the collection to be taken out and we added to what we had brought from
Granada. We left with this bundle after having delivered 300 prisoners, exchanging each for a book of the books of Islam, may God save them from the lands of the
676:
54:
The manuscripts are of great academic importance, and represent one of the most famous library collections in the history of
Morocco. The collection is composed of works from the personal libraries of Sultan Zaydan Bin Ahmed and his father Sultan
122:
belonging to the French consul Jean
Phillipe de Castellane to transport his belongings, including a library containing an estimated 4,000 manuscripts in different fields of literature and sciences. The ship was about to depart for
154:, who did no more than denounce Castellane (who was imprisoned in Madrid). For this reason, and because the library was not, in fact, in France, Louis XIII refused to see the sultan's ambassador, Ahmed al-Jazuli.
139:
unload his ship until receiving 3000 gold dirhams. On June 22, after waiting for 6 days for the arrival of the money, which was delayed due to the instability, de
Castellane left the port of Agadir for
196:, to study Arabic manuscripts and present reports on them to the king. Casiri's reports laid the foundations of Oriental studies in Spain, and he was later appointed director of the
542:
Les
Manuscrits arabes de l'Escurial. Tome III, Théologie. Géographie. Histoire / décrits d'après les notes de Hartwig Derenbourg ; revues et mises à jour par E. Lévi-Provençal
176:
In 1671, a fire engulfed El
Escorial, burning a large portion of the manuscripts. Only approximately 2,000 were saved, and these are what remain of the Zaydani library today.
207:
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340:). The case of the manuscripts held an important place in this visit, as the ambassador visited El Escorial and the Spanish king gave him some of the manuscripts:
410:
and the
Library of El Escorial in December 2009 allowed the reproduction of a number of Arabic manuscripts and especially those of the Zaydani collection as
751:
309:
These ambassadors are the vizier Muhammad Bin Abd el-Wahab Al-Ghassani Al-Fassi whose diplomatic mission went to Spain in 1011هـ hijri /1690 the period of
407:
422:. This will help the situation for Moroccan researchers who will no longer have to go to Madrid to study the manuscripts and documents of this library.
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The ceremonial presentation of the digital copy of 1939 manuscripts took place on Tuesday, July 16, 2013. The ceremonies were presided by King
771:
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Abu Zakriya al-Hahi (أبو زكرياء الحاحي) also came into possession of some of the works of the library when leaving Marrakesh for the
168:
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Moroccan diplomats had been asking for them from the beginning of the 17th century until 2009, when Spain allowed Morocco to make
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165:. What remained of the Zaydani library was scattered throughout the kingdom, settling in different private and public libraries.
269:
781:
638:
419:
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Muslims, numbering one thousand eight hundred manuscripts, among them two copies of the Holy Quran, and a number of works of
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After the collapse of Saadi Dynasty, Moroccans continued to press for the return of the books through the Alawite Dynasty.
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when the sultan loaded his belongings—including his crown and staff—and ordered the consul to sail them to Agadir for 3000
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The king of Spain gave the ambassador a number of Arabic manuscripts, but they were not from the El Escorial collection.
227:. The Arabic translation was completed on May 23, 1811. There is only one copy of this translation in existence, part of
224:
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60:
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privateers in Atlantic waters off the coast of Morocco in 1612. The collection is held to this day in the library of
704:, New Jersey, 1977, 322. M. Aguiar Aguilar, "Aproximación al léxico árabe medieval de la epidemia y de la peste",
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299:
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in Madrid by the Christian Michael Casiri. His work was named "Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana Escurialensis."
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67:. The library contained treatises in different fields and in a number of different languages, among them
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162:
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copies. The reproduction would also comprise the manuscripts originally kept in the public library in
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303:
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677:"ألف بوست : اسبانيا تهدي المغرب 1939 مخطوطا أندلسيا ومغربيا منها مخطوطات السلطان المولى زيدان"
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was head of the Moroccan Ministry of Culture, an agreement of Scientific Cooperation between the
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The ambassador saw a sign similar to this threat of excommunication against book thieves.
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593:"التراث العربي المخطوط بين المغرب والأندلس - أحمد شوقي بنبين - مجلة مركز ودود للمخطوطات"
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Castellane's ship was intercepted by a squadron of four Spanish ships from Admiral
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from 1792 to 1823 at the recommendation of the Moroccan vizier and man of letters
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The third ambassador was Muhammad Bin Othman Al-Maknasi, ambassador of Sultan
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publishing the first volume in 1760 and the second ten years later in 1770.
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carrying the sultan's library, crown, staff, clothes, and other belongings.
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83:
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after having gone to Marrakesh to protect Sultan Zaydan from the revolting
150:'s fleet. The anger of the sultan manifested itself in his letters to King
90:
of Spain delivered to Morocco on July 16, 2013, during an official visit.
264:
654:المكتبة الوطنية بالرباط تحصل على صور المخطوطات العربية المحفوظة بإسبانيا
501:
231:'s manuscript collection in the Royal Library kept at the royal palace,
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Among the contents of the Zaydani Collection at El Escorial there are:
484:
SIMIOT, BERNARD (1953). "L'étrange aventure de Philippe CASTELLANE".
382:
216:
140:
132:
115:
24:
369:
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of this collection date back to the Saadi dynasty, beginning with
272:
published Derenbourg's inventory of the manuscripts in 3 volumes.
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202:
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103:
76:
44:
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to King Carlos III 1179 hijri 1766. Al-Ghazzal authored the book
188:
to work in the department of translation at the Royal Library of
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110:, Sultan Zaydan was forced to flee Marrakesh for the port of
616:تابع للمقال السابق: مكتبة الأسكوريال والتراث العربي الإسلامي
635:الخزانة الزيدانية من أشهر الخزائن العلمية في تاريخ المغرب
539:
Derenbourg, Hartwig (1844-1908) Auteur du texte (1928).
334:
The Result of the Discretion Between Armistice and Jihad
710:
http://issuu.com/fundacionuriach/docs/m_h_2_2014_v7_r
367:(كتاب الإكسير في فكاك الأسير), Al-Maknasi noted:
618:رواق المذهب المالكي، تاريخ الولوج 21 أبريل 2013
315:The Journey of the Vizier to Release the Captive
342:
570:رحلة سفارية إلى اسبانيا في عهد المولى إسماعيل
8:
458:
418:, which were taken during the period of the
555:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
402:'s 4 years of negotiations in Madrid, when
192:as an interpreter of Eastern languages for
408:National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco
365:The Book of Elixir in Freeing the Captive
313:and who recorded his journey in his book
208:Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana Escurialensis
261:completed a catalogue in 1884 entitled "
476:
455:Muqni'at al-Sā'il 'an al-Maraḍ al-Hā'il
172:The library of El Escorial around 1830.
548:
326:Ahmed ibn Al-Mahdi Al-Ghazzal Al-Fassi
463:), a treatise from c. 1362 about the
276:Demands for the return of the library
7:
459:
431:Spanish Cultural Heritage Institute
429:of Spain and a delegation from the
338:نتيجة الاجتهاد في المهادنة و الجهاد
215:This catalogue was translated into
86:scans of the documents, which King
752:17th-century Arabic-language books
702:The black death in the Middle East
637:إيلاف، تاريخ الولوج 19 أبريل 2013
225:Muhammad Bin Abd As-Salām As-Slāwi
16:Collection of Moroccan manuscripts
14:
219:during the reign of the Moroccan
205:. Casiri named this bibliography
516:"الصحافة بأسفي - Presse de Safi"
420:Spanish protectorate in Morocco
268:," and in 1928 the orientalist
184:The Spanish government invited
39:originally belonging to Sultan
1:
767:Art and cultural repatriation
659:، تاريخ الولوج 19 أبريل 2013
288:himself, followed by his son
106:and led a revolt against the
460:مقنعة السائل عن المرض الهائل
449:The original Arabic text of
319:رحلة الوزير في افتكاك الأسير
328:, representative of Sultan
263:Les manuscrits arabes de l’
798:
324:The second ambassador was
732:Historiography of Morocco
579:16 September 2016 at the
330:Mohammed III ben Abdallah
221:Sultan Suleiman Al-Alawi
118:. He hired a ship named
29:Al-Khizāna Az-Zaydāniyya
772:Morocco–Spain relations
641:1 December 2017 at the
270:Évariste Lévi-Provençal
257:The French orientalist
782:Manuscript collections
435:Mohammed VI of Morocco
375:
300:Nieves Paradela Alonso
282:demands for the return
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120:Notre Dame de la Garde
622:23 March 2016 at the
373:
171:
163:Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli
100:Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli
27:: الخزانة الزيدانية,
742:Libraries in Morocco
663:19 July 2014 at the
298:The Spanish Arabist
152:Louis XIII of France
777:Islamic manuscripts
706:Medicina e Historia
253:French orientalists
102:proclaimed himself
43:that were taken by
35:is a collection of
747:Arabic manuscripts
737:Libraries in Spain
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259:Hartwig Derenbourg
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33:Zaydani Collection
520:www.safipress.com
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383:Quranic exegesis
359:to the court of
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194:King Charles III
61:Sheikh al-Ma'mun
41:Zaydan Bin Ahmed
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488:(87): 217–233.
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290:Sultan Al Walid
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21:Zaydani Library
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683:(in Arabic)
465:Black Death
433:as well as
427:Juan Carlos
361:Charles III
198:El Escorial
190:El Escorial
114:to sail to
49:El Escorial
37:manuscripts
721:Categories
687:2021-07-19
602:2019-05-10
575:116 العدد
525:2019-05-10
472:References
597:wadod.org
573:دعوة الحق
551:cite book
494:0994-5873
412:microfilm
348:infidels.
280:Moroccan
229:Hassan II
125:Marseille
84:microfilm
65:Abu Faris
31:) or the
681:ألف بوست
661:Archived
639:Archived
620:Archived
577:Archived
502:44204814
441:Contents
265:Escurial
180:Indexing
131:or gold
708:(2014)
133:dirhams
94:History
73:Persian
69:Turkish
45:Spanish
657:هسبريس
500:
492:
416:Tetuan
398:After
217:Arabic
141:Murcia
116:Agadir
75:, and
63:, and
25:Arabic
498:JSTOR
239:Rabat
237:, in
203:Latin
129:ducat
104:mehdi
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557:link
490:ISSN
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
