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2240:
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2084:
7971:
62:
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164:
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1133:) in a Manchu language memorial. The Qing expounded on their ideology that they were bringing together the "outer" non-Han like the Mongols and Tibetans, together with the "inner" Han Chinese, into "one family" united in the Qing state, showing that the diverse subjects of the Qing were all part of one family, the Qing used the phrase
942:
1225:
territories in Tibet and
Mongolia. While the emperor formally bequeathed all the Qing territories to the new republic, it was the position of Mongols and Tibetans that their allegiance had been to the Qing monarch; with the abdication of the Qing, they owed no allegiance to the new Chinese state. This was rejected by the
1280:
Some people say, after the overthrow of the Qing, we will have no further need of nationalism. Those words are certainly wrong... At the present we speak of unifying the 'five nationalities', yet surely our country has far more than five nationalities? My stand is that we should unite all the peoples
1096:
in Manchu. The Qing equated the lands of the Qing state, including present day
Manchuria, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Tibet and other areas as "China" in both the Chinese and Manchu languages, defining China as a multi ethnic state, rejecting the idea that China only meant Han areas, proclaiming that both
1224:
modelled closely after
Germany and Japan. Fearing that this restrictive view of the ethnic nation-state would result in the loss of large parts of imperial territory, Chinese nationalists discarded this concept. The abdication of the Qing emperor inevitably led to controversy about the status of
1162:
1343:
This term has continued to be invoked and remains a powerful concept in China into the 21st century. In mainland China, it continues to hold use as the leaders of China need to unify into one political entity a highly diverse set of ethnic and social groups as well as to mobilize the support of
1153:; 'interior and exterior as one family'), to convey the idea of a unification of the different peoples. A Manchu language version of a treaty with the Russian Empire concerning criminal jurisdiction over bandits called people from the Qing as "people of the central kingdom (
2454:
1371:
as a unifying concept that includes the people of both Taiwan and mainland China without a possible interpretation that Taiwan is part the People's
Republic of China, whereas terms such as "Chinese people" can be, given that the PRC is commonly known as "China".
2413:... however, the CCP's nationalist claims are increasingly falling on deaf ears. Popular nationalists like Jin Hui now speak regularly of the "Motherland" (zuguo) and the "Chinese race" (Zhonghua minzu) - without reference to the Party. And they care so deeply
7875:
7546:
1352:: "...promote national unity and progress, and enhance the identification of the masses of all ethnic groups with the great motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Communist Party of China, and socialism with Chinese characteristics."
1237:
7788:
2215:. Since the collapse of socialism, Mongolia has clearly positioned Genghis Khan as the father of the Mongolian nation. Some Chinese scholars rejections of that position involve tactics such as pointing out that more ethnic
7526:
7369:
2219:
than
Mongolia and that the modern-day state of Mongolia acquired its independence from the Republic of China which claimed the legal right to inherit all Qing territories, including Mongolia, through the
7793:
7047:
3523:(in German). Vol. 12, Volume 15 of Darstellungen aus dem Gebiete der nichtchristlichen Religionsgeschichte (illustrated ed.). Aschendorff (Druck und Verlag der Aschendorffschen Buchhandlung).
7294:
7516:
7944:
7897:
7855:
7106:
6842:
2221:
1097:
Han and non-Han peoples were part of China, using "China" to refer to the Qing in official documents, international treaties, and foreign affairs, and the 'Chinese language' (
7511:
6837:
6582:
7454:
7162:
7111:
7069:
5361:
3442:
7359:
2570:
7536:
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3600:(in German). Vol. 12, Volume 15 of Darstellungen aus dem Gebiete der nichtchristlichen Religionsgeschichte (illustrated ed.). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
7449:
7444:
2114:
3339:
7121:
7820:
7742:
7475:
7116:
7172:
6587:
899:
as a collective
Chinese family. Since the late 1980s, the most fundamental change of the PRC's nationalities and minorities policies is the renaming from
7798:
7501:
2471:
Repeated use of what should now be translated as 'Chinese race, (Zhonghua Minzu 中华民族), alongside omission of ethnic minorities in official narratives ...
2871:
Zhao, Gang (January 2006). "Reinventing China: Imperial Qing
Ideology and the Rise of Modern Chinese National Identity in the Early Twentieth Century".
3671:
Zhao, Gang (January 2006). "Reinventing China
Imperial Qing Ideology and the Rise of Modern Chinese National Identity in the Early Twentieth Century".
6562:
4231:
2211:, who claim regional historical peoples and states. For instance, Mongolia has questioned the concept of Genghis Khan as a "national hero" during the
7949:
7939:
7521:
7399:
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3124:
759:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
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6827:
6822:
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4163:
7697:
7531:
7020:
7892:
7551:
7289:
7142:
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4753:
3724:
3403:
3376:
3349:
2732:
2643:
2606:
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2406:
2136:
concept may give rise to the reinterpretation of
Chinese history. For example, the Qing dynasty was originally sometimes characterized as a
7850:
7702:
7692:
7231:
7062:
7025:
6659:
6532:
5354:
4689:
50:
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3013:
2994:
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2816:
8020:
7934:
6489:
4168:
3755:
3646:
Die
Eroberung von Qinghai unter Berücksichtigung von Tibet und Khams 1717–1727: anhand der Throneingaben des Grossfeldherrn Nian Gengyao
3051:
3032:
2975:
2937:
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2835:
8005:
7424:
4148:
4143:
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4119:
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3577:
3549:
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3500:
3472:
3275:
3229:
2497:
3112:
Empire to nation: historical perspectives on the making of the modern world, by Joseph Esherick, Hasan Kayalı, Eric Van Young, p. 232
1302:
1226:
513:
7581:
5180:
3175:
3150:
2789:
2764:
2163:, who were originally often considered to have fought for China against barbarian incursions, have been re-characterized by some as
2107:
1863:
778:
145:
7924:
7137:
6499:
4217:
4173:
977:
43:
3191:
8010:
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4212:
4132:
79:
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5383:
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3393:
3366:
2322:
1404:
1333:
896:
826:
212:
126:
83:
39:
7192:
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3420:
98:
7389:
7177:
7004:
4951:
4255:
4202:
4192:
1230:
888:
870:
228:
7243:
7236:
7202:
7197:
7182:
2556:
8025:
8000:
7865:
7840:
7737:
7576:
7561:
6402:
2100:
752:
30:
This article is about the modern concept of a Chinese nation. For the general concept of peoples relating to China, see
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7887:
7752:
7682:
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6567:
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4207:
4002:
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1969:
1889:
1325:
1021:
800:
294:
105:
7929:
7882:
7870:
7627:
7414:
7316:
7306:
7263:
6679:
6654:
4225:
4197:
2297:
2056:
1954:
1264:
969:
846:
517:
362:
72:
7637:
7409:
7379:
6577:
6557:
5201:
5144:
5130:
5103:
5035:
4911:
4746:
4273:
4153:
3987:
3299:
2666:
Fitzgerald, John (January 1995). "The Nationaless State: The Search for a Nation in Modern Chinese Nationalism".
2292:
1783:
1715:
1708:
1596:
1285:) ...furthermore, develop that nation into an advanced, civilized nation; only then will nationalism be finished.
973:
7268:
5783:
5316:
5311:
2024:
2019:
112:
7995:
7845:
7803:
7667:
7662:
7556:
7541:
6525:
6464:
4946:
4941:
4362:
2212:
1638:
1633:
7248:
1092:; 'Middle kingdom'). The Qing identified their state as "China" (Zhongguo), and referred to it as
7860:
7810:
7677:
7326:
7224:
7214:
6327:
5682:
5149:
4244:
4236:
4081:
3748:
2302:
1837:
1349:
1040:
745:
3297:
The Chinese Cult of Chinggis Khan: Genealogical Nationalism and Problems of National and Cultural Integrity
94:
7747:
7364:
7085:
6315:
6043:
5753:
5461:
5391:
5246:
4980:
4482:
4382:
4158:
3825:
2873:
2225:
1944:
1934:
1357:
1173:, it was mentioned that while the Torghuts were unlike the Russians, the "people of the Central Kingdom" (
1043:. On the sign hanging over the gate there is written the letters used in the Qing Dynasty. From the left:
818:
406:
6055:
3121:
2155:
nevertheless also leads to the reassessment of the role of many traditional hero figures. Heroes such as
7902:
7571:
7485:
7404:
7344:
5432:
5276:
5154:
5057:
5052:
4968:
4916:
4867:
4507:
4292:
4186:
3793:
1994:
1737:
1732:
1658:
1601:
1552:
509:
1348:
in developing China. The term is included in article 22 of the Regulations on United Front Work of the
924:
2224:. There is also controversy between China and the Korean Peninsula regarding the historical status of
1276:有人說，清室推翻以後，民族主義可以不要。這話實在錯了。…現在說五族共和，我們國內何止五族呢？我的意思，應該把我們中國所有各民族融化成一個中華民族。…並且要把中華民族造成很文明的民族，然後民族主義乃為完了。
503:
7394:
7157:
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4012:
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3815:
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1827:
1788:
1778:
1742:
1703:
1653:
1616:
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1557:
1530:
1429:
1379:
1220:
initially described the Manchus as "foreign invaders" to be expelled, and planned to establish a Han
1054:
7152:
3716:
The War of Words Between South Korea and China Over An Ancient Kingdom: Why Both Sides Are Misguided
219:
7909:
7815:
7672:
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7607:
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6639:
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6518:
6436:
5296:
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4816:
4684:
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4387:
4007:
3798:
2282:
2272:
2041:
2004:
1999:
1984:
1793:
1747:
1668:
1537:
1208:), and the name "China" was commonly used in international communications and treaties such as the
1126:
1058:
920:
892:
788:
178:
3721:
2426:
1177:) were like the Torghut Mongols, and the "people of the Central Kingdom" referred to the Manchus.
1031:
470:
8015:
7757:
7687:
7480:
7434:
7354:
6999:
6365:
6335:
6251:
5829:
5761:
5015:
4985:
4973:
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4906:
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4857:
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4522:
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4367:
4312:
3997:
3892:
3845:
3820:
3788:
3741:
3696:
3688:
3492:
Grounds of Judgment: Extraterritoriality and Imperial Power in Nineteenth-Century China and Japan
3464:
Grounds of Judgment: Extraterritoriality and Imperial Power in Nineteenth-Century China and Japan
2898:
2699:
2691:
2537:
2287:
1959:
1832:
1771:
1766:
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1673:
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1621:
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1579:
1562:
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1512:
1044:
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443:
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4297:
4287:
4017:
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3622:
3601:
3573:
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3524:
3496:
3468:
3436:
3399:
3372:
3345:
3171:
3146:
3067:
3010:
2991:
2953:
2890:
2851:
2813:
2785:
2760:
2728:
2722:
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2639:
2633:
2602:
2596:
2493:
2487:
2460:
2402:
1939:
1924:
1899:
1754:
1720:
1698:
1606:
1584:
1569:
1547:
1479:
1454:
1449:
1247:
This development in Chinese thinking was mirrored in the expansion of the meaning of the term
1209:
1196:
state. While Qing rulers adopted the Han Chinese imperial model and considered their state as
1051:
1025:
935:
346:
338:
3048:
3029:
2972:
2934:
2915:
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7732:
7657:
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7147:
6721:
6415:
6392:
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6262:
6173:
5940:
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2882:
2718:
2675:
2529:
2216:
2137:
2009:
1909:
1894:
1884:
1847:
1842:
1693:
1419:
1345:
1340:
is seen as an all-encompassing category consisting of people within the borders of the PRC.
1205:
1062:
1047:
834:
567:
259:
119:
3649:(in German). Vol. 2 of Tunguso Sibirica (reprint ed.). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
3271:
3219:
7835:
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6597:
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6302:
6269:
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6007:
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5271:
5000:
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4958:
4926:
4831:
4776:
4654:
4600:
4572:
4512:
4447:
4402:
4337:
4071:
4066:
4044:
3972:
3728:
3303:
3258:
3128:
3074:
3055:
3036:
3017:
2998:
2979:
2960:
2941:
2922:
2858:
2839:
2820:
2431:
2334:
2160:
2088:
2014:
1914:
1683:
1678:
1643:
1611:
1474:
1424:
1414:
1409:
1213:
1066:
1005:
792:
324:
308:
3316:
177:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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5602:
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4639:
4577:
4557:
4502:
4091:
4061:
3920:
3887:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3718:
Zhonghua minzu and the Sino-Korean controversy over the 'ownership' of ancient Koguryo.
3221:中共中央印发《中国共产党统一战线工作条例》(Regulations on United Front Work of the Communist Party of China)
2259:
1904:
1626:
1464:
1306:
842:
712:
644:
582:
534:
31:
2083:
7989:
7712:
7642:
7299:
7258:
6796:
6778:
6772:
6766:
6210:
6196:
6162:
6134:
6116:
6070:
6064:
6002:
5990:
5880:
5653:
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5640:
5617:
5481:
5470:
5108:
4821:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4659:
4624:
4417:
4357:
4332:
4327:
4096:
4051:
3945:
3872:
3852:
3700:
2703:
2366:' flag", sometimes with a negative connotation, and is no longer seen as a symbol of
2277:
2167:('ethnic heroes') who fought not against barbarians but against other members of the
1929:
1820:
1459:
1439:
1434:
1329:
830:
399:
7602:
7429:
6741:
6736:
6726:
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6701:
6695:
6612:
6431:
6407:
6371:
6350:
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6236:
6203:
6188:
6128:
6102:
6017:
5838:
5803:
5791:
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5611:
5591:
5577:
5561:
5291:
5206:
4801:
4694:
4634:
4517:
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4452:
4407:
4347:
4278:
4086:
4076:
4024:
3962:
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3915:
3867:
3783:
2317:
2312:
2267:
2245:
2180:
2051:
1879:
1502:
1469:
1444:
1368:
1298:
1252:
1240:
1221:
1008:. The Qing Emperors sought to portray themselves as ideal Confucian rulers for the
993:
931:
678:
460:
266:
7547:
Grand Alliance for China's Reunification under the Three Principles of the People
3644:
3616:
3595:
3567:
3539:
3518:
3490:
3462:
2520:
Zhao, Suisheng (2000). "Chinese Nationalism and Its International Orientations".
7830:
7727:
6790:
6689:
6617:
6217:
6156:
6144:
6139:
6109:
5980:
5845:
5797:
5717:
5707:
5702:
5584:
5523:
5506:
5494:
5487:
5476:
5426:
5261:
4762:
4629:
4437:
4422:
4397:
4322:
3992:
3967:
3957:
3935:
3862:
2363:
2208:
2204:
1974:
1964:
1803:
1387:
1294:
1260:
1217:
1181:
1122:'Chinese people') referred to all Han, Manchu, and Mongol subjects of the Qing.
1009:
1001:
878:
856:
822:
804:
378:
61:
35:
3538:
Dunnell, Ruth W.; Elliott, Mark C.; Foret, Philippe; Millward, James A (2004).
2353:
It also translates to "Chinese people", "Chinese ethnicity" and "Chinese race".
7722:
7717:
6784:
6754:
6622:
6541:
6419:
6150:
6095:
6076:
6031:
5950:
5935:
5852:
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5811:
5735:
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5409:
5323:
4704:
4699:
4674:
4609:
4542:
4432:
3877:
2235:
2068:
2036:
1989:
1648:
1517:
1507:
1497:
1185:
1170:
1013:
860:
838:
355:
17:
3684:
2894:
2886:
2687:
7652:
6731:
6711:
6644:
5742:
5542:
5530:
5118:
5025:
4664:
4537:
4442:
4034:
3907:
3764:
3569:
The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China
2398:
State and Society in 21st Century China: Crisis, Contention and Legitimation
1949:
1082:) is the Manchu name for China. It has the same meaning as the Chinese name
947:
796:
610:
422:
3541:
New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde
3341:
Empire to Nation: Historical Perspectives on the Making of the Modern World
1069:. These five languages are collectively referred to as "Chinese languages".
163:
1236:
7919:
7789:
Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council
7632:
6760:
6649:
5945:
5885:
5858:
5339:
5266:
5089:
4352:
4317:
2200:
2172:
2063:
2046:
1979:
1759:
1193:
429:
280:
3692:
2902:
2456:
Securing China's Northwest Frontier: Identity and Insecurity in Xinjiang
941:
6295:
5997:
5985:
5975:
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5905:
5900:
5895:
5125:
5045:
4372:
4302:
2695:
2541:
2176:
2156:
1798:
1725:
1243:, who put forward the concept of "Zhonghua Minzu (the Chinese nation)"
1166:
1158:
1017:
693:
467:
3296:
2199:
has sometimes resulted in friction with neighboring countries such as
7090:
6289:
6182:
5960:
5920:
5890:
5868:
5773:
5500:
5072:
3857:
2561:[On the academic argument that "the Chinese nation is one"].
2031:
1813:
1808:
1396:
1364:
1189:
997:
984:
956:
661:
629:
552:
2679:
2533:
2148:, dynasties founded by ethnic minorities are no longer stigmatized.
982:
An older proto-nationalist term throughout Chinese history would be
919:; 'the Chinese nation'), signalling a shift away from a
3715:
955:, a typical ethnic fusion dress of Manchu origin absorbing Han and
7527:
China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification
7080:
6309:
6037:
6012:
5970:
5697:
5571:
4392:
3897:
1235:
1101:) referred to Chinese, Manchu, and Mongol languages, and the term
1030:
940:
2757:
Culture, Music Education, and the Chinese Dream in Mainland China
2179:
respectively. At the same time, China exemplified heroes such as
3778:
2328:
7051:
6514:
5343:
4735:
3737:
3421:"South Koreans Are Rethinking What China Means to Their Nation"
3398:(in Chinese). City University of Hong Kong Press. p. 273.
4731:
2581:– via d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/mzyj200703003.
157:
55:
7370:
Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations
6510:
1129:, they proclaimed that the new land was absorbed into China (
475:
7295:
Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan
3733:
3572:(illustrated, reprint ed.). Stanford University Press.
175:
about "revival" / "rejuvenation" (复兴) of the Chinese nation.
7794:
Taiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council
2724:
China Off Center: Mapping the Margins of the Middle Kingdom
1309:
from China, Yuan Shikai stated, "Outer Mongolia is part of
7517:
Association for Tourism Exchange Across the Taiwan Straits
1336:, of which the Han are by far the largest. The concept of
7945:
Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama
3338:
Esherick, Joseph; Kayali, Hasan; Van Young, Eric (2006).
1270:
Sun Yat-sen further expanded this concept when he wrote,
448:
434:
388:
3618:
China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia
3423:. THE FREEMAN SPOGLI INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
3371:(in Chinese). City University of HK Press. p. 190.
367:
3722:
Sinicization vs. Manchuness: The Success of Manchu Rule
3122:
French Centre for Research on Contemporary China (CEFC)
2489:
Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives
2144:
ideology, which regards the Manchus as a member of the
7856:
Chinese information operations and information warfare
7107:
Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office (Taiwan)
2782:
China's Challenges and International Order Transition
2598:
China Since 1919: Revolution and Reform: a Sourcebook
779:
343:
329:
313:
299:
285:
271:
42:. For a list of ethnicities in historical China, see
2222:
Imperial Edict of the Abdication of the Qing Emperor
863:(KMT) party. It is slightly different from the word
7771:
7590:
7512:
Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits
7494:
7463:
7337:
7277:
7130:
7099:
7013:
6992:
6931:
6805:
6678:
6632:
6605:
6550:
6445:
6380:
6326:
6227:
6172:
6054:
5828:
5782:
5752:
5681:
5633:
5601:
5552:
5460:
5399:
5390:
5194:
5173:
4845:
4769:
4713:
4596:
4468:
4271:
4105:
3906:
3771:
2627:
2625:
2486:Landis, Dan; Albert, Rosita D. (14 February 2012).
654:
466:
459:
442:
428:
421:
411:
405:
398:
384:
377:
361:
354:
337:
323:
307:
293:
279:
265:
258:
253:
241:
227:
211:
202:
86:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3252:President of Republic of China inauguration speech
3193:修改党章的说明—— 在上海中国国民党本部会议的演说① - 主要著述 - 孙中山故居纪念馆_伟人孙中山
2481:
2479:
6583:Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
3495:(illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press.
2632:Bloxham, Donald; Moses, A. Dirk (15 April 2010).
2140:or non-Han regime. Following the adoption of the
1251:. Originally coined by the late Qing philologist
1192:fief and its lord or, in the case of China, to a
38:. For a list of ethnicities in modern China, see
7455:2024 Kinmen Chinese motorboat capsizing incident
7163:2004 Taiwanese cross-strait relations referendum
7112:Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong
3088:"nationalism;Identification of state and people"
2183:, who became a national hero as a member of the
7360:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758
3419:Gi-Wook Shin , Haley Gordon , Hannah June Kim.
1272:
7537:Cross-Strait Economic, Trade and Culture Forum
7507:Alumni Association of Huangpu Military Academy
3621:(reprint ed.). Harvard University Press.
2727:. University of Hawaiʻi Press. pp. 170–.
2590:
2588:
1320:After the founding of the PRC, the concept of
1267:, based on the ethnic categories of the Qing.
671:
7450:2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan
7445:2022 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan
7063:
6526:
5355:
4747:
3749:
2784:. University of Michigan Press. p. 151.
2108:
1274:
1106:
753:
233:
217:
34:. For the dominant Chinese ethnic group, see
8:
7898:Timeline of diplomatic relations with Taiwan
7122:Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau
3441:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1297:in 1912, shortly after the overthrow of the
545:
27:Political term in modern Chinese nationalism
7876:Timeline of diplomatic relations with China
7821:Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents
7743:Theory of the Undetermined Status of Taiwan
7476:Proposed National Unification Promotion Law
7117:Macau Economic and Cultural Office (Taiwan)
2459:. Cambridge University Press. p. 235.
2427:"The dark side of China's national renewal"
1313:and has been of one family for centuries" (
7799:Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council
7502:All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots
7070:
7056:
7048:
6533:
6519:
6511:
5396:
5362:
5348:
5340:
4754:
4740:
4732:
3756:
3742:
3734:
3594:Hauer, Erich (2007). Corff, Oliver (ed.).
3317:"Modern Mongolia: Reclaiming Genghis Khan"
2638:. Oxford University Press. pp. 150–.
2115:
2101:
1374:
760:
746:
525:
250:
6563:History of the Kuomintang cultural policy
3344:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 245.
2759:. Springer Nature Singapore. p. 38.
2668:The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs
1293:was first publicly espoused by President
146:Learn how and when to remove this message
7940:Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
7522:Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs
7400:1990 Guangzhou Baiyun airport collisions
7220:Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement
3261:, 20 May 2008: (Section 2, Paragraph 8)
2635:The Oxford Handbook of Genocide Studies
2401:. Psychology Press. 2004. p. 180.
2388:
2346:
1386:
909:; 'the Chinese people') to
877:), a word is only used to refer to the
533:
7698:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
7532:Cross-Straits Common Market Foundation
7173:2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China
7021:List of assets owned by the Kuomintang
6588:2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China
3434:
1305:. Facing the imminent independence of
1263:. It was then expanded to include the
516:period, with five colors representing
450:
345:
199:
7893:Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity
7552:Lienchiang Cross-Strait Matters Forum
7290:Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War
7143:Restoration of Taiwan strait shipping
7040: ; By-elections denoted with (b)
2804:Chagatai is the predecessor of Uyghur
7:
7851:Chinese intelligence activity abroad
7703:Special non-state-to-state relations
7693:Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
7232:Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement
7026:2019 Kuomintang presidential primary
6660:Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
3145:. Taylor & Francis. p. 52.
2573:from the original on 29 October 2019
84:adding citations to reliable sources
7935:China National Highway 228 (Taiwan)
6490:Unrecognized ethnic groups in China
3143:Academic Nations in China and Japan
2601:. Psychology Press. pp. 252–.
1184:people were generally loyal to the
546:
7425:Anti-Black Box Curriculum Movement
3597:Handwörterbuch der Mandschusprache
3232:from the original on 12 March 2023
3094:from the original on 15 March 2010
1281:of China into one Chinese nation (
930:China to one multi-ethnic Chinese
25:
7582:Taiwan Strait Tourism Association
5181:List of nationalist organizations
3278:from the original on 10 June 2008
2425:Anderlini, Jamil (21 June 2017).
1864:List of nationalist organizations
988:, but the immediate roots of the
895:to include Han Chinese alongside
813:was established during the early
7970:
7969:
7138:Opening of the South-North route
7089:
7079:
6596:
6495:Immigrant ethnic groups in China
2252:
2238:
2082:
978:History of the Republic of China
891:(PRC) but resurrected after the
787:) is a political term in modern
502:
162:
60:
44:Ethnic groups in Chinese history
7975:Category:Cross-strait relations
3461:Cassel, Par Kristoffer (2011).
3168:Afterlives of Chinese Communism
3131:. (cf. by Tongmenghui adherent)
1259:initially referred only to the
821:(1928–1949) periods to include
476:
449:
435:
412:
389:
368:
71:needs additional citations for
7826:Cross-strait language database
6665:Three Principles of the People
5252:Historiography and nationalism
3679:(1). Sage Publications: 3–30.
3489:——— (2012).
3306:, City University of New York.
3228:(in Chinese). 5 January 2021.
2323:Three Principles of the People
1955:Historiography and nationalism
1405:Nationalism in the Middle Ages
1145:
1135:
1084:
1036:
916:
911:
906:
901:
887:was initially rejected in the
874:
851:
825:people and four major non-Han
726:
722:
707:
703:
624:
620:
344:
330:
314:
300:
286:
272:
234:
218:
40:List of ethnic groups in China
1:
7390:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident
7178:Cross-strait high-level talks
7005:Presidential Palace (Nanjing)
4952:Palingenetic ultranationalism
3272:"What makes a national hero?"
2047:Seasonal or cultural festival
496:Expressions of Zhonghua Minzu
7950:The World Turned Upside Down
7925:G3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway
7866:Freedom of religion in China
7841:China and the United Nations
7738:Taiwan independence movement
7577:Taiwan Competitiveness Forum
7562:National Unification Council
3166:Christian P. Sorace (2019).
2555:Zhou, Wenjiu; Zhang (2007).
2453:David Tobin (October 2022).
2362:This flag is now seen as a "
7956:Go and Reclaim the Mainland
7888:Foreign relations of Taiwan
7753:Under the Roof of One China
7683:Republic of China on Taiwan
7567:Straits Exchange Foundation
7440:2021 Solomon Islands unrest
7312:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
6568:National Revolutionary Army
3467:. Oxford University Press.
2522:Political Science Quarterly
2492:. Springer. pp. 182–.
1890:Anti-globalization movement
1328:. Officially, the PRC is a
1326:Soviet nationalities policy
1157:)". In the Manchu official
1127:conquered Dzungaria in 1759
791:related to the concepts of
8042:
8021:Ideology of the Kuomintang
7930:G99 Taiwan Ring Expressway
7883:Political status of Taiwan
7871:Foreign relations of China
7784:Hong Kong–Taiwan relations
7779:Fujian–Taiwan relationship
7628:Cross-Strait Economic Zone
7415:Sunflower Student Movement
7317:Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
7307:First Taiwan Strait Crisis
7264:Shanghai-Taipei City Forum
7208:Seventh Chen–Chiang summit
6655:Five Races Under One Union
5312:Principle of nationalities
4125:Countries by ethnic groups
4120:Contemporary ethnic groups
3141:Margaret Sleeboom (2004).
2298:Ethnic minorities in China
2020:Principle of nationalities
1265:Five Races Under One Union
1231:People's Republic of China
1112:
1077:
970:Legacy of the Qing dynasty
967:
889:People's Republic of China
655:
48:
29:
8006:Chinese words and phrases
7965:
7638:Four Noes and One Without
7410:China Airlines Flight 611
7380:China Airlines Flight 334
7193:Fourth Chen–Chiang summit
7188:Second Chen–Chiang summit
7034:
6594:
6578:Blue Sky with a White Sun
6558:History of the Kuomintang
6485:
5377:
5202:Anarchism and nationalism
5131:List of fascist movements
4912:Constitutional patriotism
3615:Perdue, Peter C. (2009).
3566:Elliott, Mark C. (2001).
3408:– via Google Books.
3354:– via Google Books.
3170:. ANU Press. p. 17.
2293:Descendants of the Dragon
2217:Mongols live within China
1597:Constitutional patriotism
1367:. it has been invoked by
1314:
1275:
1201:
1150:
1140:
1107:
1089:
974:Names of the Qing dynasty
713:Zhongguo (Middle Kingdom)
688:
672:
639:
605:
592:
577:
562:
487:
249:
207:
7846:China and the World Bank
7668:One country, two systems
7663:One Country on Each Side
7557:Mainland Affairs Council
7542:Cross-Strait Peace Forum
7244:2014 Wang–Zhang meetings
7237:Jinjiang–Kinmen Pipeline
7203:Sixth Chen–Chiang summit
7198:Fifth Chen–Chiang summit
7183:First Chen–Chiang summit
6465:Local ethnic nationalism
5384:recognized ethnic groups
3685:10.1177/0097700405282349
3394:
3367:
3250:See, e.g. Ma Ying-jeou,
3220:
3192:
2887:10.1177/0097700405282349
2557:
2213:Republic of China Period
1301:and the founding of the
1204:, the term for China in
1120:Dulimbai gurun-i niyalma
934:with one single Chinese
847:a republic of five races
213:Traditional Chinese
7861:Chinese Soviet Republic
7811:Chinese Travel Document
7678:Cross-strait propaganda
7225:Cross-Strait CEO Summit
7215:Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan
4237:Torres Strait Islanders
4082:Ethnopsychopharmacology
3826:In-group and out-groups
3517:Dvořák, Rudolf (1895).
2978:3 December 2016 at the
2921:3 December 2016 at the
2595:Lawrance, Alan (2004).
2303:March of the Volunteers
1350:Chinese Communist Party
1041:Chengde Mountain Resort
518:the union of five races
229:Simplified Chinese
8011:Ethnic groups in China
7748:United front in Taiwan
7365:Project National Glory
7086:Cross-strait relations
7036:Notes: Acting leaders
6625:(Flag, emblem creator)
6500:Historic ethnic groups
5371:Ethnic groups in China
5247:Gender and nationalism
4483:Cultural appropriation
4383:Lineage-bonded society
3727:6 January 2008 at the
3365:Zhai, Zhiyong (2017).
3054:23 August 2020 at the
3035:23 August 2020 at the
3016:23 August 2020 at the
2940:23 August 2020 at the
2857:23 August 2020 at the
2838:23 August 2020 at the
1945:Gender and nationalism
1287:
1244:
1163:account of his meeting
1099:Dulimbai gurun i bithe
1070:
960:
897:55 other ethnic groups
845:, under the notion of
173:is missing information
7903:Geostrategy in Taiwan
7572:Taiwan Affairs Office
7486:Anti-Infiltration Act
7405:Qiandao Lake incident
7345:Capture of the Tuapse
5277:National indifference
4508:Ethnic interest group
4343:Ethnicity in censuses
4293:Cultural assimilation
3794:Ethnolinguistic group
3520:Chinas religionen ...
3127:21 March 2008 at the
2997:30 April 2016 at the
2819:4 August 2020 at the
2755:Wai-Chung Ho (2018).
1995:National indifference
1324:became influenced by
1239:
1229:and subsequently the
1034:
944:
510:Chinese national flag
7395:Min Ping Yu No. 5202
7269:Second Ma–Xi meeting
7158:Cross-strait charter
6932:Leadership elections
6838:Extraordinary (1938)
5222:Cultural nationalism
5114:National syndicalist
4721:Minzu (anthropology)
4690:Separatist movements
4553:Ethnographic village
4378:Legendary progenitor
4013:Transidioethnography
3816:Hyphenated ethnicity
3811:Ethnographic realism
3804:Ethnoreligious group
3392:Gao, Quanxi (2016).
3073:21 July 2020 at the
2780:Huiyun Feng (2020).
2308:Minzu (anthropology)
2132:The adoption of the
1920:Cultural nationalism
1789:National syndicalist
1358:five identifications
859:and the nationalist
436:Zung1-waa4 man4 zuk6
370:tson平 gho平 min平 zoh入
80:improve this article
49:For other uses, see
8026:National identities
8001:Chinese nationalism
7910:Anti-Communist Hero
7816:Taiwan Entry Permit
7673:Propaganda in China
7618:Chinese irredentism
7613:Chinese nationalism
7608:Chinese unification
7385:1987 Lieyu massacre
7249:2015 Xi–Chu meeting
6640:Chinese unification
6573:Northern Expedition
5297:Nationalism studies
4588:Multinational state
4583:Model minority myth
4470:Multiethnic society
4388:Linguistic homeland
3799:Ethnonational group
3643:Wu, Shuhui (1995).
3302:28 May 2008 at the
3257:2 June 2008 at the
2959:18 May 2016 at the
2717:Blum, Susan Debra;
2283:Chinese unification
2273:China Ethnic Museum
2195:The concept of the
2089:Politics portal
2042:Right-wing populism
2000:Nationalism studies
1356:is also one of the
1180:Before the rise of
1161:'s Manchu language
893:death of Mao Zedong
789:Chinese nationalism
529:Part of a series on
477:Tiong-hôa bîn-cho̍k
51:Chinese nationality
7758:Xi Jinping Thought
7688:Self-determination
7481:Anti-Secession Law
7435:Freedom pineapples
7355:Battle of Dong-Yin
7000:Huguang Guild Hall
6993:Significant venues
4568:Middleman minority
4528:Ethnic pornography
4523:Ethnic nationalism
4428:Pantribal sodality
4368:Imagined community
3893:Symbolic ethnicity
3821:Indigenous peoples
3789:Ethnographic group
3198:www.sunyat-sen.org
2558:关于"中华民族是一个"学术论辩的考察
2288:Chinese uniformity
1960:Imagined community
1794:National Bolshevik
1513:Self-determination
1245:
1071:
961:
925:people's statehood
7983:
7982:
7915:Milk Tea Alliance
7285:Chinese Civil War
7045:
7044:
6508:
6507:
5677:
5676:
5337:
5336:
5282:National question
5242:Gastronationalism
5227:Diaspora politics
5217:Banal nationalism
5186:Nationalist Clubs
4729:
4728:
4650:Ethnic stereotype
4563:Indigenous rights
4548:Ethnographic film
4533:Ethnic theme park
4493:Dominant minority
4488:Diaspora politics
4478:Consociationalism
4413:National language
4298:Cultural identity
4288:Cross-race effect
4232:Aboriginal groups
3405:978-9-629-37291-0
3378:978-9-629-37321-4
3351:978-0-742-57815-9
2734:978-0-8248-2577-5
2719:Jensen, Lionel M.
2645:978-0-19-161361-6
2608:978-0-415-25141-9
2466:978-1-108-48840-2
2408:978-0-415-33204-0
2125:
2124:
1940:Gastronationalism
1925:Diaspora politics
1900:Banal nationalism
1315:外蒙同為中華民族，數百年來儼如一家
1303:Republic of China
1227:Republic of China
1210:Treaty of Nanking
1026:Tibetan Buddhists
1004:in what is today
936:national identity
770:
769:
512:during the early
491:
490:
483:
482:
316:Chung-hua min-tsu
287:ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄗㄨˊ
260:Standard Mandarin
196:
195:
156:
155:
148:
130:
16:(Redirected from
8033:
7973:
7972:
7733:Taiwan consensus
7658:One-China policy
7471:Cross-Strait Act
7350:Kashmir Princess
7168:May 17 Statement
7148:Kinmen Agreement
7100:Diplomatic posts
7094:
7093:
7084:
7083:
7072:
7065:
7058:
7049:
6843:6th (Wang, 1939)
6722:Chiang Ching-kuo
6682:
6600:
6544:
6535:
6528:
6521:
6512:
6366:Tajiks (Pamiris)
5397:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5341:
5320:
5307:Plurinationalism
5287:National revival
5257:Internationalism
5212:Anti-nationalism
5195:Related concepts
4756:
4749:
4742:
4733:
4620:Ethnic cleansing
4615:Ethnic bioweapon
4498:Ethnic democracy
4107:Groups by region
4057:Ethnomethodology
4040:Ethnomathematics
4030:Ethnolinguistics
3926:Ethnoarchaeology
3758:
3751:
3744:
3735:
3704:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3611:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3534:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3447:
3446:
3440:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3313:
3307:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3268:
3262:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3138:
3132:
3119:
3113:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3084:
3078:
3065:
3059:
3046:
3040:
3027:
3021:
3008:
3002:
2989:
2983:
2970:
2964:
2951:
2945:
2932:
2926:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2868:
2862:
2849:
2843:
2830:
2824:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2629:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2592:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2393:
2371:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2138:conquest dynasty
2117:
2110:
2103:
2087:
2086:
2028:
2010:Plurinationalism
1970:Internationalism
1910:Communitarianism
1895:Anti-imperialism
1885:Anti-nationalism
1874:Related concepts
1375:
1346:overseas Chinese
1334:56 ethnic groups
1316:
1278:
1277:
1214:Han nationalists
1206:Standard Chinese
1203:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1103:Zhongguo zhi ren
1091:
1086:
1081:
1038:
945:Woman wearing a
918:
913:
908:
903:
876:
853:
817:(1912–1927) and
783:
762:
755:
748:
728:
724:
709:
705:
690:
675:
674:
658:
657:
641:
626:
622:
607:
594:
579:
568:Celestial Empire
564:
549:
548:
537:
526:
506:
479:
478:
455:
454:
453:
438:
437:
417:
416:
415:
414:zhung fa min zuk
394:
393:
392:
373:
372:
371:
350:
349:
348:
333:
332:
331:Jhong-huá Mín-zú
319:
318:
317:
303:
302:
289:
288:
275:
274:
251:
237:
236:
223:
222:
200:
191:
188:
182:
166:
158:
151:
144:
140:
137:
131:
129:
95:"Zhonghua minzu"
88:
64:
56:
21:
8041:
8040:
8036:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8031:
8030:
7996:Chinese culture
7986:
7985:
7984:
7979:
7961:
7836:HMS Aurora (12)
7767:
7586:
7490:
7459:
7375:CAAC Flight 296
7333:
7322:Senkaku Islands
7273:
7153:Wang–Koo summit
7126:
7095:
7088:
7078:
7076:
7046:
7041:
7030:
7009:
6988:
6927:
6801:
6748:Chiang Pin-kung
6707:Chiang Kai-shek
6680:
6674:
6628:
6601:
6592:
6546:
6542:
6539:
6509:
6504:
6481:
6453:Han nationalism
6441:
6388:African Chinese
6376:
6322:
6223:
6168:
6050:
6008:Sichuan Mongols
5824:
5778:
5748:
5673:
5629:
5597:
5548:
5456:
5386:
5373:
5368:
5338:
5333:
5314:
5272:Nation-building
5190:
5169:
4841:
4765:
4760:
4730:
4725:
4709:
4655:Ethnic violence
4603:
4601:ethnic conflict
4599:
4592:
4573:Minority rights
4513:Ethnic majority
4464:
4448:Detribalization
4403:Nation-building
4338:Ethnic religion
4281:
4277:
4267:
4174:Central America
4101:
4072:Ethnophilosophy
4067:Ethnomusicology
4045:Ethnostatistics
4003:Person-centered
3973:Autoethnography
3902:
3767:
3762:
3729:Wayback Machine
3712:
3707:
3670:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3642:
3633:
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3315:
3314:
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3304:Wayback Machine
3295:
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3259:Wayback Machine
3249:
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3190:
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3165:
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3160:
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3140:
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3135:
3129:Wayback Machine
3120:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3075:Wayback Machine
3066:
3062:
3056:Wayback Machine
3047:
3043:
3037:Wayback Machine
3028:
3024:
3018:Wayback Machine
3009:
3005:
2999:Wayback Machine
2990:
2986:
2980:Wayback Machine
2971:
2967:
2961:Wayback Machine
2952:
2948:
2942:Wayback Machine
2933:
2929:
2923:Wayback Machine
2914:
2910:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2859:Wayback Machine
2850:
2846:
2840:Wayback Machine
2831:
2827:
2821:Wayback Machine
2812:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2792:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2767:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2680:10.2307/2950089
2665:
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2650:
2648:
2646:
2631:
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2611:
2609:
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2559:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2534:10.2307/2658031
2519:
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2514:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2467:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2432:Financial Times
2424:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2374:
2361:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2335:Yan Huang Zisun
2258:
2253:
2251:
2244:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2193:
2165:minzu yingxiong
2161:Zheng Chenggong
2151:The concept of
2130:
2121:
2081:
2074:
2073:
2022:
1915:Cosmopolitanism
1875:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1853:
1852:
1533:
1523:
1522:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1400:
1289:The concept of
1279:
1175:dulimba-i gurun
1116:
1114:
1079:
1006:Northeast China
996:founded by the
980:
966:
902:Zhongguo renmin
855:) advocated by
803:in the Chinese
793:nation-building
781:
766:
719:
700:
685:
668:
651:
636:
617:
602:
589:
574:
559:
535:
524:
523:
522:
521:
520:
507:
498:
497:
413:
391:Zung fa min zuk
390:
369:
325:Tongyong Pinyin
315:
301:Jonghwa Mintzwu
295:Gwoyeu Romatzyh
242:Literal meaning
192:
186:
183:
176:
167:
152:
141:
135:
132:
89:
87:
77:
65:
54:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8039:
8037:
8029:
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8023:
8018:
8013:
8008:
8003:
7998:
7988:
7987:
7981:
7980:
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7977:
7966:
7963:
7962:
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7959:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7932:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7906:
7905:
7900:
7890:
7885:
7880:
7879:
7878:
7868:
7863:
7858:
7853:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7807:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7781:
7775:
7773:
7769:
7768:
7766:
7765:
7763:Zhonghua minzu
7760:
7755:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7710:
7708:Six Assurances
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7648:Han chauvinism
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7623:Chinese Taipei
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7598:1992 Consensus
7594:
7592:
7588:
7587:
7585:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
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7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7498:
7496:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7467:
7465:
7461:
7460:
7458:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7420:Braga incident
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7341:
7339:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7331:
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7329:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7303:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7281:
7279:
7275:
7274:
7272:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
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7239:
7229:
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7217:
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7205:
7200:
7195:
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6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6809:
6807:
6806:Party congress
6803:
6802:
6800:
6799:
6794:
6787:
6782:
6775:
6770:
6763:
6758:
6751:
6744:
6739:
6734:
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6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6692:
6686:
6684:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6672:
6670:Zhonghua minzu
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6636:
6634:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6626:
6620:
6615:
6609:
6607:
6603:
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6540:
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6530:
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6515:
6506:
6505:
6503:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6486:
6483:
6482:
6480:
6479:
6478:
6477:
6475:Zhonghua minzu
6467:
6462:
6461:
6460:
6449:
6447:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6412:
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6395:
6390:
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6299:
6292:
6287:
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6259:
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6233:
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6214:
6207:
6200:
6193:
6192:
6191:
6178:
6176:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6159:
6154:
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6137:
6132:
6125:
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6099:
6092:
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6073:
6068:
6060:
6058:
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6049:
6048:
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6034:
6029:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6015:
6010:
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6000:
5995:
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5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5849:
5842:
5834:
5832:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5815:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5794:
5788:
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5780:
5779:
5777:
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5771:
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5758:
5756:
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5710:
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5700:
5695:
5687:
5685:
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5678:
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5657:
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5527:
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5503:
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5491:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5466:
5464:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5423:
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5413:
5405:
5403:
5394:
5388:
5387:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5367:
5366:
5359:
5352:
5344:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5329:State-building
5326:
5321:
5309:
5304:
5302:Natural border
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5237:Exceptionalism
5234:
5232:Eliminationism
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5111:
5101:
5096:
5095:
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5093:
5092:
5082:
5077:
5076:
5075:
5070:
5065:
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5049:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
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4978:
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4976:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4849:
4847:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4736:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4680:Indigenization
4677:
4672:
4670:Ethnosymbolism
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4640:Ethnic penalty
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4606:
4604:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4578:Model minority
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4558:Ethnopluralism
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4503:Ethnic enclave
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4284:
4282:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4248:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4213:Southeast Asia
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4136:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4111:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4092:Ethnosemiotics
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4062:Ethnomuseology
4059:
4054:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3928:
3923:
3921:Ethnic studies
3918:
3912:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3888:Supraethnicity
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3841:Minority group
3838:
3836:Metroethnicity
3833:
3831:Meta-ethnicity
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3781:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3719:
3711:
3710:External links
3708:
3706:
3705:
3668:
3656:978-3447037563
3655:
3640:
3628:978-0674042025
3627:
3612:
3607:978-3447055284
3606:
3591:
3579:978-0804746847
3578:
3563:
3551:978-1134362226
3550:
3535:
3530:978-0199792054
3529:
3514:
3502:978-0199792054
3501:
3486:
3474:978-0199792122
3473:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3411:
3404:
3384:
3377:
3357:
3350:
3330:
3308:
3289:
3263:
3243:
3211:
3183:
3176:
3158:
3151:
3133:
3114:
3105:
3079:
3060:
3041:
3022:
3003:
2984:
2965:
2946:
2927:
2908:
2863:
2844:
2825:
2806:
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2674:(33): 75–104.
2658:
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2565:(in Chinese).
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2260:History portal
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2169:Zhonghua minzu
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2142:Zhonghua minzu
2134:Zhonghua minzu
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2057:in Catholicism
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1354:Zhonghua minzu
1338:Zhonghua minzu
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1311:Zhonghua minzu
1307:Outer Mongolia
1291:Zhonghua minzu
1283:Zhonghua minzu
1257:Zhonghua minzu
1249:Zhonghua minzu
1169:Mongol leader
1155:Dulimbai gurun
1136:Zhongwai yijia
1131:Dulimbai gurun
1125:When the Qing
1115:ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ
1094:Dulimbai Gurun
1074:Dulimbai gurun
1035:Lizheng Gate (
990:Zhonghua minzu
965:
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912:Zhonghua minzu
885:Zhonghua minzu
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6328:Indo-European
6325:
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5991:Upper Mongols
5989:
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5683:Austroasiatic
5680:
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5174:Organizations
5172:
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5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
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5145:Technological
5143:
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5132:
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5109:Ethnocacerism
5107:
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5104:Revolutionary
5102:
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4908:
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4712:
4706:
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4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:Ethnocentrism
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4625:Ethnic hatred
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4595:
4589:
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4451:
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4445:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4418:National myth
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4358:Folk religion
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4333:Ethnic origin
4331:
4329:
4328:Ethnic option
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4262:
4259:
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4230:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4203:Northern Asia
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4179:South America
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4164:United States
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
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4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4141:
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4137:
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4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4104:
4098:
4097:Ethnotaxonomy
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4052:Ethnomedicine
4050:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3988:Institutional
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:Ethnomycology
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
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3914:
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3905:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3873:Polyethnicity
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3853:Monoethnicity
3851:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
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3603:
3599:
3598:
3592:
3581:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3564:
3553:
3547:
3544:. Routledge.
3543:
3542:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3515:
3504:
3498:
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3493:
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3385:
3380:
3374:
3370:
3361:
3358:
3353:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3334:
3331:
3319:. Penn Museum
3318:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3293:
3290:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3215:
3212:
3199:
3195:
3187:
3184:
3179:
3177:9781760462499
3173:
3169:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3152:9781134376148
3148:
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3118:
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2793:
2791:9780472131761
2787:
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2766:9789811075339
2762:
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2284:
2281:
2279:
2278:Chinese Dream
2276:
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2266:
2265:
2261:
2250:
2247:
2236:
2231:
2229:
2227:
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2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1930:Ethnocentrism
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1860:Organizations
1857:
1856:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:Technological
1831:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1821:Ethnocacerism
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1784:Revolutionary
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1768:
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1373:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1330:unitary state
1327:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1284:
1271:
1268:
1266:
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1258:
1254:
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1242:
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1234:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1087:
1075:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:Arabic script
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
986:
979:
975:
971:
963:
958:
954:
950:
949:
943:
939:
937:
933:
929:
926:
922:
921:multinational
914:
904:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
880:
872:
868:
867:
862:
858:
854:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
827:ethnic groups
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
785:
776:
775:
763:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
743:
741:
740:
733:
730:
729:
721:
720:
714:
711:
710:
702:
701:
695:
692:
691:
687:
686:
680:
677:
676:
670:
669:
663:
660:
659:
653:
652:
646:
643:
642:
638:
637:
631:
628:
627:
619:
618:
612:
609:
608:
604:
603:
596:
595:
591:
590:
584:
581:
580:
576:
575:
569:
566:
565:
561:
560:
554:
551:
550:
544:
543:
542:
541:
538:
532:
528:
527:
519:
515:
511:
505:
486:
474:
472:
469:
465:
462:
458:
452:
447:
445:
441:
433:
431:
427:
424:
420:
410:
408:
404:
401:
397:
387:
383:
380:
376:
366:
364:
360:
357:
353:
347:
342:
340:
336:
328:
326:
322:
312:
310:
306:
298:
296:
292:
284:
282:
278:
270:
268:
264:
261:
257:
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
230:
226:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
201:
198:
190:
180:
174:
171:This article
169:
165:
160:
159:
150:
147:
139:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
107:
104:
100:
97: –
96:
92:
91:Find sources:
85:
81:
75:
74:
69:This article
67:
63:
58:
57:
52:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7954:
7804:Pro-ROC camp
7762:
7603:China Circle
7430:Wang Liqiang
7037:
6789:
6777:
6765:
6753:
6746:
6742:Wu Po-hsiung
6737:Ma Ying-jeou
6727:Lee Teng-hui
6717:Wang Jingwei
6702:Zhang Renjie
6696:Song Jiaoren
6694:
6669:
6613:Song Jiaoren
6474:
6414:
6408:Kaifeng Jews
6364:
6357:
6308:
6301:
6294:
6282:
6275:
6268:
6261:
6216:
6209:
6202:
6195:
6181:
6161:
6149:
6127:
6115:
6108:
6101:
6094:
6075:
6063:
6036:
6024:
5873:
5851:
5844:
5837:
5817:
5810:
5796:
5766:
5754:Austronesian
5741:
5734:
5727:
5690:
5666:
5659:
5652:
5645:
5622:
5610:
5590:
5583:
5576:
5541:
5529:
5522:
5505:
5493:
5486:
5469:
5462:Lolo-Burmese
5439:
5425:
5408:
5392:Sino-Tibetan
5379:
5292:Nation state
5207:Anationalism
4947:Expansionist
4695:Xenocentrism
4645:Ethnic slurs
4635:Ethnic party
4598:Ideology and
4518:Ethnic media
4460:White ethnic
4453:Neotribalism
4408:Nation state
4348:Ethnofiction
4279:ethnogenesis
4250:
4243:
4224:
4193:Central Asia
4185:
4138:
4131:
4114:
4087:Ethnoscience
4077:Ethnopoetics
4025:Ethnohistory
3963:Ethnogeology
3951:Ethnozoology
3941:Ethnoecology
3931:Ethnobiology
3916:Anthropology
3868:Panethnicity
3784:Ethnic group
3676:
3673:Modern China
3672:
3660:. Retrieved
3645:
3632:. Retrieved
3617:
3596:
3583:. Retrieved
3568:
3555:. Retrieved
3540:
3519:
3506:. Retrieved
3491:
3478:. Retrieved
3463:
3425:. Retrieved
3414:
3387:
3360:
3340:
3333:
3323:24 September
3321:. Retrieved
3311:
3292:
3280:. Retrieved
3266:
3246:
3234:. Retrieved
3225:
3214:
3202:. Retrieved
3200:(in Chinese)
3197:
3186:
3167:
3161:
3142:
3136:
3117:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3082:
3063:
3044:
3025:
3006:
2987:
2982:, pp. 76–77.
2973:Dunnell 2004
2968:
2954:Elliott 2001
2949:
2935:Dunnell 2004
2930:
2916:Dunnell 2004
2911:
2878:
2874:Modern China
2872:
2866:
2847:
2828:
2809:
2800:
2781:
2775:
2756:
2750:
2738:. Retrieved
2723:
2712:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2649:. Retrieved
2634:
2612:. Retrieved
2597:
2575:. Retrieved
2566:
2563:Minzu Yanjiu
2562:
2550:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2503:. Retrieved
2488:
2470:
2455:
2448:
2436:. Retrieved
2430:
2420:
2412:
2397:
2391:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2327:
2318:Sinocentrism
2313:Sinicization
2268:China proper
2246:China portal
2196:
2194:
2184:
2181:Genghis Khan
2168:
2164:
2152:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2131:
2128:Implications
2052:Subsidiarity
1880:Anationalism
1639:Expansionist
1503:Independence
1369:President Ma
1362:
1353:
1342:
1337:
1332:composed of
1321:
1319:
1310:
1299:Qing dynasty
1290:
1288:
1282:
1273:
1269:
1256:
1253:Liang Qichao
1248:
1246:
1241:Liang Qichao
1222:nation-state
1197:
1179:
1174:
1154:
1146:neiwai yijia
1144:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1119:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1083:
1073:
1072:
1022:Chakravartin
994:Qing dynasty
989:
983:
981:
952:
946:
932:nation state
927:
910:
900:
884:
883:
865:
864:
850:
810:
809:
773:
772:
771:
731:
461:Southern Min
407:Romanization
385:Romanization
363:Romanization
267:Hanyu Pinyin
197:
187:January 2021
184:
172:
142:
133:
123:
116:
109:
102:
90:
78:Please help
73:verification
70:
7831:ECFA Debate
7728:Three Links
7464:Legislation
6923:21st (2021)
6918:20th (2017)
6913:19th (2013)
6908:18th (2009)
6903:17th (2005)
6898:16th (2001)
6893:15th (1997)
6888:14th (1993)
6883:13th (1988)
6878:12th (1981)
6873:11th (1976)
6868:10th (1969)
6791:Lin Rong-te
6690:Sun Yat-sen
6618:Sun Yat-sen
6252:Fuyu Kyrgyz
5315: [
5262:Irredentism
5150:Territorial
4770:Development
4763:Nationalism
4630:Ethnic joke
4438:Tribal name
4423:Origin myth
4398:Mythomoteur
4323:Ethnic flag
4308:Development
3993:Netnography
3968:Ethnography
3958:Ethnocinema
3936:Ethnobotany
3863:Nationality
3454:Works cited
3068:Perdue 2009
3049:Cassel 2012
3030:Cassel 2011
3011:Cassel 2012
2992:Cassel 2011
2881:(1): 3–30.
2833:Dvořák 1895
2528:(1): 1–33.
2209:South Korea
2205:North Korea
2023: [
1975:Irredentism
1965:Imperialism
1838:Territorial
1804:Legionarism
1492:Core values
1388:Nationalism
1295:Yuan Shikai
1261:Han Chinese
1218:Sun Yat-sen
1182:nationalism
1014:Bogda Khans
1010:Han Chinese
1002:Aisin Gioro
992:lie in the
879:Han Chinese
857:Sun Yat-sen
852:Wǔzú gònghé
819:Nationalist
805:nationality
597:Divine land
36:Han Chinese
7990:Categories
7723:Three Noes
7718:Two Chinas
7038:italicised
6863:9th (1963)
6858:8th (1957)
6853:7th (1952)
6848:6th (1945)
6833:5th (1935)
6828:4th (1931)
6823:3rd (1929)
6818:2nd (1926)
6813:1st (1924)
6785:Wu Den-yih
6755:Wu Den-yih
6623:Lu Haodong
6543:Kuomintang
6458:chauvinism
6437:Pakistanis
6420:Chaoxianzu
6032:Sogwo Arig
5951:Muumyangan
5936:Khishigten
5784:Hmong-Mien
5736:Vietnamese
5380:Underlined
5324:Revanchism
4981:Linguistic
4927:Ecological
4705:Xenophobia
4700:Xenophilia
4675:Indigenism
4610:Allophilia
4543:Ethnocracy
4433:Statistext
4363:Historical
4256:Indigenous
4208:South Asia
4144:Indigenous
3878:Population
3427:8 February
3226:www gov.cn
2814:Hauer 2007
2740:13 October
2651:13 October
2614:13 October
2577:29 October
2505:13 October
2378:References
2069:Xenophobia
2037:Revanchism
1990:Militarism
1649:Indigenism
1644:Homosexual
1612:Ecological
1518:Solidarity
1508:Patriotism
1498:Allegiance
1186:city-state
1171:Ayuka Khan
1067:Manchurian
1024:kings for
968:See also:
923:communist
861:Kuomintang
514:Republican
309:Wade–Giles
106:newspapers
8016:Ethnology
7653:One China
7338:Incidents
7278:Conflicts
7131:Diplomacy
6732:Lien Chan
6712:Hu Hanmin
6645:Chiangism
6336:Armenians
6257:Ili Turks
5853:Dongxiang
5537:Qixingmin
5433:subgroups
5421:Chuanqing
5382:: the 56
5155:Terrorism
5119:Falangism
5058:Christian
5053:Religious
4974:Communist
4969:Left-wing
4917:Corporate
4907:Communist
4868:Bourgeois
4858:Anarchist
4665:Ethnocide
4538:Ethnoburb
4443:Tribalism
4226:Australia
4218:West Asia
4198:East Asia
4169:Caribbean
4154:Greenland
4035:Ethnology
3908:Ethnology
3846:Influence
3765:Ethnicity
3701:144587815
3395:政治憲法與未來憲制
3077:, p. 218.
3020:, p. 205.
3001:, p. 205.
2963:, p. 503.
2895:0097-7004
2861:, p. 102.
2823:, p. 117.
2704:150609586
2688:0156-7365
2569:: 20–29.
2383:Citations
2191:Ambiguity
1950:Globalism
1935:Francoism
1738:Christian
1733:Religious
1659:Left-wing
1602:Corporate
1592:Communist
1553:Bourgeois
1543:Anarchist
1165:with the
1143:) or
1045:Mongolian
1039:) at the
948:cheongsam
797:ethnicity
784:meen-tsoo
611:Four Seas
179:talk page
136:July 2024
7920:Taishang
7633:Dang Guo
7591:Concepts
7014:See also
6979:2020 (b)
6969:2016 (b)
6964:2015 (b)
6949:2007 (b)
6761:Eric Chu
6650:Dang Guo
6633:Ideology
6606:Founders
6427:Macanese
6398:Japanese
6359:Russians
6341:Iranians
6237:Altaians
6174:Tungusic
5946:Khuuchid
5941:Khorchin
5931:Kharchin
5886:Abaganar
5859:Hamnigan
5830:Mongolic
5762:Filipino
5567:Gyalrong
5267:Jingoism
5140:Romantic
5099:Resource
5090:Hindutva
5068:Clerico-
5063:Catholic
5006:Populist
4964:Integral
4942:European
4932:Economic
4890:American
4873:Business
4837:Treasure
4812:Language
4807:Identity
4685:Nativism
4353:Ethnonym
4318:Ethnarch
4274:Identity
4261:European
4139:Americas
3983:Critical
3978:Clinical
3772:Concepts
3725:Archived
3693:20062627
3662:10 March
3634:10 March
3585:10 March
3557:10 March
3508:10 March
3480:10 March
3437:cite web
3300:Archived
3276:Archived
3255:Archived
3236:13 March
3230:Archived
3204:15 April
3125:Archived
3092:Archived
3071:Archived
3058:, p. 44.
3052:Archived
3039:, p. 44.
3033:Archived
3014:Archived
2995:Archived
2976:Archived
2957:Archived
2944:, p. 83.
2938:Archived
2925:, p. 77.
2919:Archived
2903:20062627
2855:Archived
2842:, p. 80.
2836:Archived
2817:Archived
2721:(2002).
2571:Archived
2364:warlords
2232:See also
2226:Goguryeo
2201:Mongolia
2173:Jurchens
2064:Trumpism
2005:Nativism
1985:Localism
1980:Jingoism
1828:Romantic
1779:Resource
1760:Hindutva
1748:Clerical
1743:Catholic
1704:Japanese
1663:populism
1654:Integral
1634:European
1617:Economic
1575:American
1558:Business
1480:Treasure
1455:Language
1450:Identity
1380:a series
1378:Part of
1216:such as
1198:Zhongguo
1194:dynastic
1113:ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ
1085:Zhongguo
1078:ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ
1052:Chagatai
1016:for the
843:Tibetans
732:Zhonghua
430:Jyutping
281:Bopomofo
7772:Related
7327:Dispute
6681:Leaders
6551:History
6446:Related
6416:Koreans
6393:Indians
6346:Nepalis
6316:Western
6296:Uyghurs
6197:Manchus
6088:Tai Nua
6083:Tai Lue
6056:Kra–Dai
6044:Eastern
6026:Monguor
5998:Onnigud
5986:Torghut
5976:Khoshut
5966:Dzungar
5956:Naimans
5926:Khalkha
5916:Jalaids
5906:Chahars
5901:Buryats
5896:Baarins
5875:Mongols
5864:Kangjia
5768:Gaoshan
5624:Tibetan
5603:Tibetic
5554:Qiangic
5513:Laomian
5452:Waxiang
5447:Longjia
5401:Sinitic
5126:Fascism
5080:Islamic
5046:Zionism
4878:Welfare
4853:African
4846:By type
4782:Colours
4714:Related
4373:Kinship
4313:Endonym
4303:Demonym
4251:Oceania
4008:Salvage
3098:9 March
2852:Wu 1995
2696:2950089
2542:2658031
2438:9 March
2177:Manchus
2157:Yue Fei
1799:Fascism
1726:Zionism
1669:Musical
1563:Welfare
1538:African
1420:Colours
1399:forming
1212:, some
1167:Torghut
1159:Tulisen
1117:ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ
1063:Tibetan
1059:Chinese
1018:Mongols
964:History
959:styles.
871:Chinese
835:Mongols
831:Manchus
815:Beiyang
694:Tianxia
468:Hokkien
120:scholar
6432:Nivkhs
6381:Others
6372:Wakhis
6303:Uzbeks
6290:Tuvans
6270:Kyrgyz
6263:Kazakh
6229:Turkic
6211:Oroqen
6183:Evenks
6163:Zhuang
6135:Qabiao
6117:Maonan
6071:Buyang
6065:Bouyei
5961:Oirats
5921:Jaruud
5911:Gorlos
5891:Aohans
5869:Khatso
5774:Utsuls
5729:Ta'ang
5654:Jingpo
5647:Derung
5634:Others
5618:Sherpa
5518:Laopin
5501:Kucong
5471:Achang
5416:Caijia
5165:Ultra-
5160:Trans-
5073:Mormon
5036:Korean
5026:Berber
5016:Racial
4986:Mystic
4937:Ethnic
4922:Cyber-
4895:French
4832:Symbol
4792:Flower
4777:Anthem
4245:Europe
4159:Mexico
4149:Canada
4133:Africa
3998:Online
3858:Nation
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1814:Rexism
1809:Nazism
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1716:Korean
1689:Racial
1674:Mystic
1622:Ethnic
1607:Cyber-
1580:French
1475:Symbol
1430:Father
1425:Emblem
1415:Church
1410:Anthem
1397:Nation
1365:Taiwan
1190:feudal
1188:, the
1065:, and
1048:script
1020:, and
998:Manchu
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957:Mongol
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656:Σηρικά
630:Huaxia
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115:
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6247:Dolan
6218:Sibes
6204:Nanai
6189:Solon
6129:Mulao
6103:Gelao
6038:Yugur
6013:Sunud
6003:Ordos
5971:Khoid
5881:Abaga
5839:Bonan
5804:Hmong
5792:Gejia
5723:Pakan
5703:Kunge
5698:Bolyu
5692:Blang
5668:Tujia
5661:Lhoba
5612:Monpa
5592:Qiang
5578:Nakhi
5572:Mosuo
5562:Baima
5319:]
5085:Hindu
5041:White
5031:Black
5011:Queer
4959:Homo-
4900:Irish
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4863:Blind
4827:Sport
4817:Music
4393:Mores
4115:World
4018:Video
3898:Tribe
3697:S2CID
3689:JSTOR
2899:JSTOR
2700:S2CID
2692:JSTOR
2538:JSTOR
2341:Notes
2171:—the
2027:]
2015:Post-
1755:Hindu
1721:White
1709:Shōwa
1699:Black
1585:Irish
1570:Civic
1548:Blind
1531:Types
1470:State
1465:Sport
1080:ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ
1000:clan
953:qipao
866:Hanzu
679:Shina
547:خىتاي
400:Hakka
127:JSTOR
113:books
6984:2021
6974:2017
6959:2013
6954:2009
6944:2005
6939:2001
6403:Jews
6242:Äynu
6157:Yang
6145:Shan
6123:Nùng
6096:Dong
6018:Urad
5981:Olot
5846:Daur
5798:Miao
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5708:Khmu
5641:Deng
5585:Pumi
5524:Lisu
5507:Lahu
5495:Jino
5488:Hani
5482:Bisu
5477:Akha
5021:Arab
5001:Neo-
4996:Pan-
4822:Myth
4797:Epic
4787:Flag
4187:Asia
3883:Race
3779:Clan
3664:2014
3651:ISBN
3636:2014
3623:ISBN
3602:ISBN
3587:2014
3574:ISBN
3559:2014
3546:ISBN
3525:ISBN
3510:2014
3497:ISBN
3482:2014
3469:ISBN
3443:link
3429:2022
3400:ISBN
3373:ISBN
3346:ISBN
3325:2019
3284:2008
3238:2023
3206:2022
3172:ISBN
3147:ISBN
3100:2010
2891:ISSN
2786:ISBN
2761:ISBN
2742:2016
2729:ISBN
2684:ISSN
2653:2016
2640:ISBN
2616:2016
2603:ISBN
2579:2019
2507:2016
2494:ISBN
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2440:2021
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2329:Volk
2207:and
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1694:Arab
1684:Pan-
1679:Neo-
1460:Myth
1440:Epic
1435:Flag
1151:內外一家
1141:中外一家
1108:中國之人
917:中华民族
907:中国人民
801:race
578:中華帝國
235:中华民族
220:中華民族
99:news
6151:Sui
6140:Rau
6077:Dai
5819:Yao
5812:She
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5427:Han
5410:Bai
4991:New
4802:God
4276:and
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