53:. Although most zonal auxiliary languages are based on European language families, they should not be confused with "Euroclones", a somewhat derogatory term for languages intended for global use but based (almost) exclusively on European material. Since universal acceptance is not the goal for zonal auxiliary languages, the traditional claims of neutrality and universalism, typical for IALs, do not apply. Although they may share the same internationalist commitments of the latter, zonal auxiliary languages have also been proposed as a defense against the effects of the growing hegemony of English on other cultures or as a means to promote a sense of ethnicity or community in a manner similar to revitalized languages, such as
142:. Their authors were motivated by the belief that all Slavic languages were dialects of one single Slavic language rather than separate languages. They deplored the fact that these dialects had diverged beyond mutual comprehensibility, and the language they envisioned was intended to reverse this process. Their long-term objective was that it would replace the individual Slavic languages.
69:, a dialect that serves as a standard language for other, sometimes mutually unintelligible, dialects. The difference is that a zonal language is typically a mixture of several natural languages and is aimed to serve as an auxiliary for the speakers of different but related languages of the same family.
428:Језик, књижевност и технологија (Jezik, književnost i tehnologija) / Language, Literature and Technology: Proceedings from the Sixth International Conference at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, 19–20 May 2017
1165:
272:, which makes it hard to distinguish them from Pan-Romance languages. Some languages, however, have been presented explicitly as languages for use among (or with) Romance speakers, for example
632:
1532:
343:
Some linguists, such as Alan Reed Libert, also list languages for use by speakers of unrelated languages in a particular geographical area among the zonal languages. For example:
701:
1574:
1554:
76:
at the end of the 19th century, but some were created later. Most older zonal constructed languages are now known only to specialists. A modern example is
1628:
1279:
172:
Most naturalistic projects are so similar that they can easily be considered versions of the same language. During the 20th century, however, a few
1559:
1518:
1564:
640:
The Role of
Languages in Intercultural Communication / Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado / Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej
460:
Wiederbelebung einer Utopie. Probleme und
Perspektiven slavischer Plansprachen im Zeitalter des Internets (Bamberger Beiträge zur Linguistik 6)
655:
565:
471:
435:
214:, a Pan-Germanic project by Elias Molee (1902), which was intended to be an auxiliary language at first but to eventually supplant all other
545:
1579:
1549:
694:
261:
1623:
1569:
1525:
791:
741:
173:
135:
42:
1299:
41:
made to facilitate communication between speakers of a certain group of closely related languages. They form a subgroup of the
687:
1597:
134:
by the Czech Josef Konečný (1912). Until the beginning of the 20th century, all projects were characterized by a heavily
1592:
192:(Mark Hučko, 1999). These projects aim at radical simplification of the grammar, often combining Slavic vocabulary with
66:
65:, a dialect that naturally emerges as a means of communication among speakers of divergent dialects of a language, and
971:
1108:
111:
397:"What Is the Relationship Between Language and Thought?: Linguistic Relativity and its Implications for Copyright"
1602:
861:
1331:
768:
1455:
1034:
816:
758:
463:
325:
before their extinction. It is intended as an indigenous language for the descendants of the
Aboriginal
205:
240:
Many international auxiliary languages intended for global use consist exclusively or predominantly of
1465:
1349:
1080:
1046:
921:
710:
674:
321:(1992) by the Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre. It is constructed from the vocabulary registered from the
249:
235:
158:
103:
73:
38:
45:
but are intended to serve a limited linguistic or geographic area, rather than the whole world like
1100:
1063:
831:
753:
628:
322:
300:
Apart from these Indo-European examples, there have also been attempts on other language families:
189:
181:
177:
146:
139:
131:
99:
95:
89:
593:
1450:
1369:
1359:
1199:
1185:
926:
906:
851:
729:
269:
1306:
1219:
1191:
1155:
1118:
1051:
931:
724:
651:
616:
561:
467:
431:
396:
245:
215:
62:
1405:
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1145:
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370:
304:
58:
115:
1511:
1259:
1239:
1138:
916:
17:
253:
1374:
891:
856:
811:
241:
161:. In 2011, Slovianski and Novosloviensky merged into one common project under the name
1617:
1504:
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1410:
1204:
1113:
981:
886:
734:
423:
375:
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149:, an unpublished project from the years 1954–1958 by a team of Czech interlinguists;
54:
1460:
941:
836:
612:
308:
123:
80:, which has become the most successful example of all zonal constructed languages.
289:
642:. Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Studies 1. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Rys: 41–48.
277:
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107:
77:
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1390:
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991:
956:
846:
326:
223:
50:
620:
1339:
1326:
1209:
1175:
1024:
821:
193:
145:
Naturalistic projects have been created later as well. Notable examples are
46:
1254:
226:, a heterogeneous project consisting of various dialects, started in 1995.
210:
Languages for Pan-Germanic use have been created as well. Examples include
1400:
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1274:
1234:
1229:
1128:
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1039:
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307:(19th century), an artificially mixed language based on the languages of
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332:
312:
273:
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1311:
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951:
911:
72:
Most zonal constructed languages were developed during the period of
110:. Other notable examples of early Pan-Slavic language projects are
1470:
1395:
1029:
986:
976:
874:
424:"Constructed languages in the whirlwind of the digital revolution"
347:
157:, based on Old Church Slavonic and published in 2010 by the Czech
169:), also incorporating material from older naturalistic projects.
1430:
1085:
801:
594:"Zonal Constructed Language Contacts and Positive Globalisation"
683:
94:
Most numerous among the zonal auxiliary languages are, by far,
841:
288:
by a group of linguists led by Jordi
Cassany Bates (2012) and
256:(1947), Internacional by João Evangelista Campos Lima (1948),
487:
335:(2000s), a language designed to be for communication between
1533:
La
Ricerca della Lingua Perfetta nella Cultura Europea
285:
1542:
1491:
1443:
1383:
1184:
1099:
1000:
790:
779:
717:
430:. Алфа БК универзитет (Alfa BK univerzitet): 11.
292:by Raymund Zacharias and Thiago Sanctus (2017).
280:by David Crandall and Robert W. Hubert (2000),
153:, a collaborative project started in 2006; and
106:, who is often regarded as the first recorded
695:
8:
550:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics
350:(intended as a common language for Nigeria)
284:by Richard Sorfleet and Josu Lavin (2001),
787:
702:
688:
680:
138:grammar, based directly or indirectly on
27:Languages made to bridge a language group
601:Open Journal for Anthropological Studies
403:. Faculty Scholarship of Penn Law: 46–48
222:, an effort by A.J. Pilgrim (1965); and
1519:Conlanging: The Art of Crafting Tongues
387:
176:projects have emerged as well, such as
675:A list of constructed Slavic languages
558:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.11
7:
130:by the Czech Ignac Hošek (1907) and
25:
1629:International auxiliary languages
1526:In the Land of Invented Languages
296:Other zonal constructed languages
43:international auxiliary languages
510:"A Short History of Interslavic"
488:"neoslavonic language tutorial"
401:Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law
613:10.32591/coas.ojas.0101.01001h
102:(1665) by the Croatian priest
98:. The oldest known example is
1:
1598:List of constructed languages
184:(Vsevolod Cheshikhin, 1915),
395:Yoo, Christopher S. (2021).
120:Uzajemni Pravopis Slavjanski
633:"Zonal Auxiliary Languages"
264:by David Th. Stark (1996),
35:zonal constructed languages
1645:
648:10.48226/978-83-66666-28-3
233:
203:
112:Universalis Lingua Slavica
87:
18:Zonal constructed language
1624:Zonal auxiliary languages
1603:List of language creators
1588:
544:Alan Reed Libert (2018).
458:Anna-Maria Meyer (2014).
447:– via ResearchGate.
188:(Bohumil Holý, 1920) and
31:Zonal auxiliary languages
422:Knežević, Nenad (2018).
1575:Interlingue/Interlingua
742:International auxiliary
180:(Edmund Kolkop, 1912),
61:. Related concepts are
1280:Middle-earth languages
546:"Artificial languages"
462:(in German). Bamberg:
200:Pan-Germanic languages
1555:Esperanto/Interlingua
1456:Esperanto orthography
1035:Pan-Germanic language
817:Communicationssprache
711:Constructed languages
592:Heršak, Emil (2017).
464:University of Bamberg
230:Pan-Romance languages
206:Pan-Germanic language
147:Mežduslavjanski jezik
39:constructed languages
1047:Pan-Romance language
922:Latino sine flexione
629:van Steenbergen, Jan
290:Latino Interromanico
282:Interlingua Romanica
250:Latino sine flexione
236:Pan-Romance language
96:Pan-Slavic languages
84:Pan-Slavic languages
74:romantic nationalism
1064:Pan-Slavic language
466:Press. p. 86.
323:Tasmanian languages
140:Old Church Slavonic
90:Pan-Slavic language
1451:Constructed script
927:Lingua Franca Nova
907:International Sign
270:Lingua Franca Nova
216:Germanic languages
1611:
1610:
1466:Tolkien's scripts
1439:
1438:
1156:Logopandecteision
1119:Dutton Speedwords
1052:Neolatino Romance
932:Lingwa de planeta
657:978-83-66666-28-3
567:978-0-19-938465-5
490:. Neoslavonic.org
473:978-3-86309-233-7
437:978-86-6461-023-0
286:Romance Neolatino
16:(Redirected from
1636:
1560:Esperanto/Novial
1384:Ritual and other
1225:Elvish languages
1146:Lingua generalis
1134:Astrolinguistics
788:
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371:Dialect leveling
21:
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1565:Ido/Interlingua
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1512:Bridge of Words
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1379:
1189:
1180:
1095:
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917:Langue nouvelle
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367:
356:(intended as a
298:
252:, Neolatino by
248:material, like
238:
232:
208:
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167:Medžuslovjansky
159:Vojtěch Merunka
122:by the Slovene
92:
86:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1642:
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1166:Real Character
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718:Classification
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669:External links
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534:Meyer, p. 158.
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262:Latino Moderne
234:Main article:
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204:Main article:
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155:Novosloviensky
104:Juraj Križanić
88:Main article:
85:
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63:koiné language
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1550:Esperanto/Ido
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1505:A Secret Vice
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1499:Esperantology
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1411:Lingua ignota
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1114:Basic English
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982:Universalglot
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887:Idiom Neutral
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735:Language game
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516:. 12 May 2013
515:
514:Steen.free.fr
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55:Modern Hebrew
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1461:Sitelen Pona
1332:
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868:esperantidos
837:Esperanto II
759:Experimental
746:
664:
639:
604:
600:
571:. Retrieved
549:
539:
530:
518:. Retrieved
513:
504:
492:. Retrieved
482:
459:
453:
441:. Retrieved
427:
417:
405:. Retrieved
400:
390:
342:
309:Efate Island
299:
254:André Schild
239:
209:
185:
171:
166:
144:
136:naturalistic
127:
124:Matija Majar
119:
93:
71:
34:
30:
29:
1543:Comparisons
1421:Palawa kani
1416:Medefaidrin
1091:Weltdeutsch
1081:Runyakitara
1069:Interslavic
902:Interlingue
897:Interlingua
880:Interglossa
807:Blissymbols
360:for Africa)
337:Finno-Ugric
319:Palawa kani
266:Interlingue
258:Interlingua
178:Slovanština
163:Interslavic
128:Neuslawisch
108:Pan-Slavist
100:Ruski jezik
78:Interslavic
67:Dachsprache
1618:Categories
1570:Ido/Novial
1391:Balaibalan
1101:Engineered
957:Pasilingua
847:Mundolinco
754:Engineered
586:Literature
520:9 December
382:References
327:Tasmanians
224:Folkspraak
151:Slovianski
116:Ján Herkeľ
1444:Neography
1370:Verdurian
1340:Syldavian
1335:languages
1333:Star Wars
1327:Spocanian
1210:Brithenig
1200:Atlantean
1186:Fictional
1176:Toki Pona
1025:Eurolengo
862:Universal
822:Esperanto
794:auxiliary
782:languages
780:Specific
730:Fictional
621:2560-5348
196:grammar.
194:Esperanto
182:Neposlava
174:schematic
47:Esperanto
1401:Enochian
1360:Valyrian
1350:Tsolyáni
1317:Newspeak
1295:Sindarin
1230:Enchanta
1220:Dothraki
1192:artistic
1129:Kalaba-X
1074:Iazychie
1040:Tutonish
1010:Afrihili
967:Solresol
962:Sambahsa
947:Nal Bino
857:Romániço
852:Reformed
832:Arcaicam
827:Adjuvilo
784:by group
725:Artistic
631:(2020).
607:: 1–12.
573:4 August
365:See also
354:Afrihili
339:cultures
278:Romanova
260:(IALA),
220:Euronord
212:Tutonish
126:(1865),
118:(1826),
1481:Tengwar
1426:Yerkish
1406:Eskayan
1365:Venedic
1355:Utopian
1345:Teonaht
1322:Simlish
1300:more...
1285:Adûnaic
1270:Lydnevi
1250:Kobaïan
1245:Klingon
1124:Ithkuil
1057:Romanid
1020:Efatese
1015:Budinos
992:Volapük
937:Mondial
764:Musical
494:9 April
333:Budinos
313:Vanuatu
305:Efatese
274:Romanid
246:Romance
244:and/or
132:Slavina
59:Cornish
51:Volapük
1593:Portal
1476:Sarati
1312:Nadsat
1290:Quenya
1265:Loxian
1260:Lapine
1255:Láadan
1240:Kiliki
1215:Dritok
1190:other
1161:Lojban
1151:Loglan
1139:Lincos
952:Novial
912:Kotava
866:other
654:
619:
564:
470:
443:5 June
434:
407:5 June
268:, and
190:Slovio
37:, are
1492:Study
1471:Cirth
1396:Damin
1375:Wenja
1307:Naʼvi
1275:Mänti
1235:Kēlen
1030:Guosa
1002:Zonal
987:Uropi
977:Unish
892:Intal
875:Glosa
812:Bolak
747:Zonal
636:(PDF)
597:(PDF)
348:Guosa
242:Latin
33:, or
1431:Zaum
1086:Wede
972:Sona
802:Babm
652:ISBN
617:ISSN
575:2021
562:ISBN
522:2014
496:2015
468:ISBN
445:2022
432:ISBN
409:2022
57:and
49:and
1188:and
1109:aUI
942:Neo
842:Ido
644:doi
609:doi
554:doi
311:in
114:by
1620::
1171:Ro
650:.
638:.
615:.
603:.
599:.
560:.
552:.
548:.
512:.
426:.
399:.
276:,
218:;
703:e
696:t
689:v
660:.
646::
623:.
611::
605:1
577:.
556::
524:.
498:.
476:.
411:.
329:.
315:.
165:(
20:)
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