481:
44:
339:. Each gun weighed about 239,000 lb (108 t) without the breech, and 267,900 lb (121.5 t) with the breech. They fired projectiles weighing from 1,900 to 2,700 lb (860 to 1,220 kg) at different muzzle velocities, depending on the projectile. When firing armor-piercing projectiles, their muzzle velocity was 2,500 feet per second (760 m/s) with a range of up to 24 mi (39 km). At maximum range the projectile spent almost
368:, and a switchboard. The rangefinder and ballistic computer permitted the turret's gun captain and crew to locally engage targets should battle damage disrupt communication with the ship's primary or auxiliary fire control centers. The firing switchboard allowed any remaining fire control computer to send data to or control the firing computers of other turrets in the event of battle damage to the primary and secondary artillery plotting rooms.
442:
754:) grain used for full charges for this gun was 2 in (51 mm) long, 1 in (25 mm) in diameter and had seven perforations, each 0.060 in (1.5 mm) in diameter with a web thickness range of 0.193 to 0.197 in (4.9 to 5.0 mm) between the perforations and the grain diameter. A maximum charge consisted of six silk bags (hence the term "bag gun"), each filled with 110 lb (50 kg) of propellant.
278:
454:
758:
405:, Japanese warships at best used basic radar sets that were not connected to fire control, still relying on optical rangefinders. Even the few Japanese warships that had radar-assisted guns did not directly link their fire control and radar, having to input the locations of targets spotted on radar into the fire control manually.
408:
The 16"/50 caliber's advanced fire control was designed to allow it to fire accurately at its maximum range, which exceeded any opposing ship's effective firing range. However, this proved not to be possible. The US soon learned that projectile dispersion was not something fire control, no matter how
398:
data to direct fire. The results of this advance were telling: the range keeper was able to track and fire at targets at greater range and with increased accuracy, day or night. This gave the US Navy a major advantage in the latter half of WWII, as the
Japanese did not develop radar or automated fire
371:
Contrary to popular belief, the ships did not move sideways noticeably when a broadside was fired; this was an illusion. With the enormous mass of the vessel and the damping effect of the water around the hull, the pressure wave generated by the gunfire was felt as just a slight change in lateral
793:
at a range of 35,700 yards (20.3 mi) and straddled (one shot on Nowaki's port side, and the second on her starboard), setting the record for the longest-ranged straddle in history (although not a single hit was claimed). Some reports indicated the near misses caused splinter damage and
480:
375:
The guns could be elevated from −5 degrees to +45 degrees, moving at up to 12 degrees per second. The turrets could rotate about 300 degrees at about 4 degrees per second and could be fired back beyond the
674:
The Mark 7 gun was originally intended to fire the 2,240-pound (1,020 kg) Mark 5 armor-piercing shell. However, the shell-handling system for these guns was redesigned to use the "super-heavy" 2,700-pound (1,200 kg)
425:
over five days, with an extremely low hit rate, failing to sink the target ship, demonstrating that a ship armed with these guns could not fire accurately at an enemy ship while remaining out of range of the enemy's guns.
409:
advanced, could solve (this remains true: modern guns with more advanced radar cannot fire accurately from maximum range, being limited to a shorter accurate effective range). Several live-firing tests were conducted by
387:. This analog computer was used to direct the fire from the battleship's big guns, taking into account factors including the speed of the targeted ship, the projectile's travel time, and air resistance. At the time the
364:
of all nine. The turret interiors were subdivided and designed to permit the independent loading, elevation and firing of each gun. Each turret was fitted with an optical range finder, ballistic
380:, sometimes called firing "over the shoulder". A red stripe on the wall of each turret, inches from the railing, marked the limit of the gun's recoil as a safety warning to the turret's crew.
649:
2,690 ft/s (820 m/s) with 1,900 lb (860 kg) HC (High
Capacity) shell and 2,500 ft/s (760 m/s) with 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) AP (Armor Piercing) shell
324:
too small to accommodate the 16-in/50 Mark 2 three-gun turret that the Bureau of
Ordnance was actually working on. The lightweight 16-in/50 Mark 7 was designed to resolve this conflict.
413:-class battleships in which the 16"/50 displayed shockingly low hit rates from the extreme ranges it was designed to fight from, even with its very advanced radar. Most notably USS
512:
that opened downwards and was hydraulically operated. The screw box liner and breech plug was segmented with stepped screw threads arranged in fifteen sectors of 24 degrees each.
372:
velocity. The sea surface on the side of the ship to which the guns are trained is roiled by the guns' muzzle blast, which creates the illusion of motion in still photos.
1622:
360:
were described as "three-gun" rather than "triple" because each barrel could be elevated independently. The ships could fire any combination of their guns, up to a
922:
could throw nine tons of munitions almost fifteen miles in a single broadside. The recoil from its main battery pushed the 45,000-ton ship ten feet sideways."
1199:
496:
and was constructed of liner, tube, jacket, three hoops, two locking rings, tube and liner locking ring, yoke ring and screw box liner. Some components were
716:, although with a shorter range. The Mark 6 gun was not as heavy as the Mark 7, which helped both battleship classes to conform to the limits of the
1602:
1072:
693:'s keels were laid down. The large-caliber guns were designed to fire either an armor-piercing round for anti-ship and anti-structure work, and a
353:
minutes in flight. Each turret required a crew of 79 men to operate. The turrets cost US$ 1.4 million each, excluding the cost of the guns.
1607:
877:
872:
669:
707:
302:
1612:
1041:
994:
317:
1495:
1192:
787:
286:
960:
836:. This surface action was controversial since US Navy carrier aircraft were available and could have achieved similar results.
1441:
701:
1019:
862:
485:
1326:
1300:
1261:
1251:
1246:
1226:
882:
310:
298:
201:
713:
1571:
1566:
1558:
1185:
429:
During their reactivation in the 1980s, the up-to-date Mark 160 Fire
Control System was used to guide the fire of the
1576:
1359:
867:
826:
400:
1617:
331:
long, 50 times their 16-inch (406 mm) bore diameter with barrels 66.7 ft (20.3 m) long, from
388:
260:
383:
Complementing the 16-in/50 caliber Mark 7 gun was a fire control computer, the Ford
Instrument Company Mark 8
739:
classes the second-heaviest broadside of all battleship classes, even though the first two ship classes were
1477:
1431:
816:
717:
17:
657:
290 MJ (81 kWh) for the light projectile and 355 MJ (99 kWh) for the heavy projectile.
1525:
1241:
1236:
1231:
720:. However, the two treaty-era battleships fired their shells at a lower muzzle velocity, which made their
1166:
1581:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1426:
1418:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1369:
1364:
1354:
1321:
1316:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
684:
461:
253:
49:
641:
41,622 yd (38.059 km; 20.550 nmi) with nominal 660 lb (300 kg) powder charge
1436:
43:
986:
894:
803:
525:
328:
243:
178:
1538:
1177:
1089:
857:
694:
509:
420:
332:
290:
191:
126:
1533:
990:
740:
501:
361:
336:
65:
1340:
1081:
751:
469:
414:
399:
control to the level of the US Navy. With a few exceptions, such as the
Japanese battleship
58:
441:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
377:
365:
219:
1033:
320:
assumed that the ships would carry a compact 16-in/50 turret and designed the ships with
1345:
680:
505:
1596:
1135:
1121:
1108:
979:
952:
721:
1217:
1209:
1093:
845:
497:
493:
277:
249:
114:
1011:
453:
1064:
974:
757:
384:
122:
394:
was set to begin construction, the range keepers had gained the ability to use
1158:
1149:
1144:
832:
775:
690:
473:
458:
357:
266:
171:
118:
55:
1379:
1336:
981:
Sea of
Thunder: Four Commanders and the Last Great Naval Campaign 1941–1945
445:
Yard workers hoist one of nine 16"/50 Mark VII gun barrels aboard the USS
761:
16"/50 gun projectile with six propellant bags on display aboard the USS
321:
130:
484:
Employees working with the automatic 16-inch powder stacking machine at
1487:
1271:
209:
1085:
798:
was able to escape due to the range and her speed. The action against
1065:"The Mechanical Analog Computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell"
158:
267,904 lb (121,519 kg; 121.519 t) (including breech)
1548:
1543:
756:
676:
479:
452:
440:
395:
276:
810:-class battleships are known to have engaged in. In the action,
577:
816 in (68.0 ft; 20.7 m) (breech face to muzzle)
457:
The 16-inch/50 caliber Mark 7 guns of the forward turret of the
1181:
697:
round for use against unarmored targets and shore bombardment.
712:
classes could also fire the 2,700-pound Mark 8 shell with the
1167:"Reactivation Of 16-Inch Three Gun Turrets In The Battleship"
848:, an experimental gun-based space-launch research program.
683:, Capped, Ballistic Capped) Mark 8 shell before any of the
1145:
953:"United States of America 16"/50 (40.6 cm) Mark 7"
670:
Armament of the Iowa-class battleship § Ammunition
234:(24.047 mi (38.700 km) on Battleship mount)
567:
267,904 lb (121,519 kg) (including breech)
1557:
1524:
1486:
1470:
1417:
1378:
1335:
1309:
1270:
1216:
1080:(2). Massachusetts Institute of Technology: 19–34.
569:239,156 lb (108,479 kg) (without breech)
259:and was the planned main armament of the cancelled
230:
218:
208:
190:
170:
162:
154:
149:
141:
136:
110:
102:
94:
89:
81:
73:
34:
1010:Landgraff, R. A.; Locock, Greg (9 February 2020).
978:
226:HC & Nuclear: 2,690 ft/s (820 m/s)
1138:– mentions several newer ammunition types
889:Weapons of comparable role, performance and era
593:682.86 in (56.905 ft; 17.345 m)
1012:"Do battleships move sideways when they fire?"
1193:
8:
724:superior to that of the 16"/50 caliber gun.
18:16 inch (406 mm)/50 caliber Mark 7 naval gun
806:. This is the only surface engagement that
281:A cutaway of a turret mounting 16-inch guns
1200:
1186:
1178:
1159:16in Barrels: Construction and Maintenance
42:
31:
1623:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1943
625:27,000 cu in (440,000 cm)
514:
196:AP Mark 8: 2,700 lb (1,225 kg)
177:800 in (67 ft; 20 m) (50
1073:IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
934:
907:
844:The gun was also used as the basis for
419:bombarded the former battleship target
198:HC Mark 13: 1,900 lb (862 kg)
166:816 in (68.0 ft; 20.7 m)
1122:USA 16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark 6 – NavWeaps
601:(96) 0.150 in (3.8 mm) deep
963:from the original on 5 February 2007.
878:List of the largest cannon by caliber
873:Armament of the Iowa class battleship
7:
585:800 in (67 ft; 20 m)
468:fire at enemy targets ashore on the
918:, Evan Thomas states "... the
814:sank the Japanese training cruiser
528:(406 mm × 20.3 m) Mark 7
287:communication during design in 1938
68:of her 16"/50 (406 mm) Mark 7 guns.
1109:"USA 16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark 6"
1044:from the original on 11 March 2007
224:AP: 2,500 ft/s (762 m/s)
25:
1107:DiGiulian, Tony (21 April 2019).
1038:Federation of American Scientists
508:for longer barrel life. It had a
504:built in the 1940s, the bore was
318:Bureau of Construction and Repair
1242:16"/45 caliber Mark 1, 5 & 8
1165:Romano, Arthur R. (March 1987),
1022:from the original on 9 May 2008.
449:during her construction in 1942.
246:Mark 7 – United States Naval Gun
1603:Naval guns of the United States
1171:24th Annual Technical Symposium
1034:"Mark 7 16-inch/50-caliber gun"
433:-class battleship Mark 7 guns.
299:16-inch (406 mm)/50 Mark 2
1208:American naval weapons of the
951:DiGiulian, Tony (6 May 2020).
863:List of World War II artillery
486:Naval Ammunition Depot Hingham
472:on 30 January 1952 during the
231:Maximum firing range
1:
1608:Naval weapons of the Cold War
1577:Mark 37 Fire Control Computer
883:16-inch/45-caliber Mark 6 gun
204:: 1,900 lb (862 kg)
1572:Mark 8 Fire Control Computer
1567:Mark I Fire Control Computer
1559:Ship gun fire-control system
1161:Battleship New Jersey Museum
830:, and the auxiliary cruiser
488:, Mass. during World War II.
727:The Mark 8 shells gave the
502:United States naval weapons
1639:
1613:World War II naval weapons
914:For instance, in his book
868:46 cm/45 Type 94 naval gun
667:
664:Mark 8 "Super-heavy" shell
36:16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun
824:helped to sink destroyer
714:16"/45 caliber Mark 6 gun
301:guns constructed for the
185:
82:Place of origin
41:
1173:, Department of the Navy
794:casualties to the crew.
788:Japanese destroyer
214:16 in (406 mm)
1478:.50 caliber machine gun
1063:Clymer, A. Ben (1993).
743:, exceeded only by the
718:Washington Naval Treaty
533:Ship class(es) used on
1526:Anti-submarine weapons
766:
750:Each D839 propellant (
489:
477:
450:
282:
1582:Torpedo Data Computer
1419:Anti-aircraft weapons
1327:5"/54 caliber Mark 16
1301:12"/50 caliber Mark 8
1291:6"/47 caliber Mark 16
1262:18"/47 caliber Mark A
1257:16"/50 caliber Mark 7
1252:16"/45 caliber Mark 6
1247:16"/50 caliber Mark 2
1227:12"/50 caliber Mark 7
778:on 16 February 1944,
760:
556:Date entered service
492:The Mark 7 gun was a
483:
456:
444:
314:-class battlecruisers
280:
987:Simon & Schuster
747:-class battleships.
633:2 rounds per minute
516:Gun characteristics
297:class would use the
220:Muzzle velocity
895:40.6 cm SK C/34 gun
804:Operation Hailstone
617:Uniform RH 1 in 25
517:
327:These guns were 50
1360:QF 4 inch Mark XIX
1310:Secondary armament
858:List of naval guns
767:
741:treaty battleships
515:
510:Welin breech block
490:
478:
451:
307:-class battleships
291:Bureau of Ordnance
283:
257:-class battleships
137:Production history
127:Lebanese Civil War
1590:
1589:
1086:10.1109/85.207741
897:German equivalent
661:
660:
285:Due to a lack of
238:
237:
16:(Redirected from
1630:
1618:400 mm artillery
1341:destroyer escort
1210:Second World War
1202:
1195:
1188:
1179:
1174:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1069:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1007:
1001:
1000:
984:
971:
965:
964:
948:
923:
912:
752:smokeless powder
646:Muzzle velocity
543:(BB-67) classes
518:
470:Korean Peninsula
352:
351:
347:
344:
200:Nuclear Mark 23
46:
37:
32:
21:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1553:
1520:
1482:
1466:
1432:1.1"/75 caliber
1413:
1374:
1343:
1331:
1305:
1266:
1212:
1206:
1164:
1132:
1127:
1120:
1116:
1111:. NavWeaps.com.
1106:
1105:
1101:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1009:
1008:
1004:
997:
989:. p. 152.
973:
972:
968:
950:
949:
936:
932:
927:
926:
913:
909:
904:
891:
854:
842:
772:
770:Service history
672:
666:
622:Chamber volume
590:Rifling length
568:
548:Date of design
506:chromium-plated
439:
366:analog computer
349:
345:
342:
340:
316:. However, the
275:
225:
199:
197:
186:
129:
125:
121:
117:
95:In service
90:Service history
69:
35:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1636:
1634:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1427:20 mm Oerlikon
1423:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1346:patrol frigate
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1237:14"/50 caliber
1234:
1232:14"/45 caliber
1229:
1223:
1221:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1162:
1156:
1147:
1139:
1131:
1130:External links
1128:
1126:
1125:
1114:
1099:
1055:
1025:
1002:
995:
966:
933:
931:
928:
925:
924:
916:Sea of Thunder
906:
905:
903:
900:
899:
898:
890:
887:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
853:
850:
841:
838:
771:
768:
729:North Carolina
703:North Carolina
695:high-explosive
681:Armor Piercing
665:
662:
659:
658:
655:
654:Muzzle energy
651:
650:
647:
643:
642:
639:
635:
634:
631:
627:
626:
623:
619:
618:
615:
611:
610:
607:
603:
602:
599:
595:
594:
591:
587:
586:
583:
579:
578:
575:
571:
570:
565:
561:
560:
557:
553:
552:
549:
545:
544:
534:
530:
529:
522:
438:
435:
274:
271:
236:
235:
232:
228:
227:
222:
216:
215:
212:
206:
205:
194:
188:
187:
183:
182:
175:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
150:Specifications
147:
146:
143:
139:
138:
134:
133:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
47:
39:
38:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1635:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:Light weapons
1469:
1463:
1462:5"/38 caliber
1460:
1458:
1457:5"/25 caliber
1455:
1453:
1452:3"/50 caliber
1450:
1448:
1447:3"/23 caliber
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1409:6"/53 caliber
1407:
1405:
1404:5"/51 caliber
1402:
1400:
1399:5"/25 caliber
1397:
1395:
1394:4"/50 caliber
1392:
1390:
1389:3"/50 caliber
1387:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1370:5"/38 caliber
1368:
1366:
1365:4"/50 caliber
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1355:3"/50 caliber
1353:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1322:5"/51 caliber
1320:
1318:
1317:5"/38 caliber
1315:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:8"/55 caliber
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:6"/53 caliber
1284:
1282:
1281:5"/38 caliber
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:main armament
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1220:main armament
1219:
1215:
1211:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1103:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1059:
1056:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1003:
998:
996:0-7432-5221-7
992:
988:
983:
982:
976:
970:
967:
962:
958:
954:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
935:
929:
921:
917:
911:
908:
901:
896:
893:
892:
888:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
855:
851:
849:
847:
839:
837:
835:
834:
829:
828:
823:
819:
818:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
792:
791:
785:
781:
777:
769:
764:
759:
755:
753:
748:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
722:plunging fire
719:
715:
711:
710:
705:
704:
698:
696:
692:
689:
687:
682:
678:
671:
663:
656:
653:
652:
648:
645:
644:
640:
637:
636:
632:
630:Rate of fire
629:
628:
624:
621:
620:
616:
613:
612:
608:
605:
604:
600:
597:
596:
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
580:
576:
573:
572:
566:
563:
562:
558:
555:
554:
550:
547:
546:
542:
538:
535:
532:
531:
527:
523:
520:
519:
513:
511:
507:
503:
500:. Typical of
499:
495:
487:
482:
475:
471:
467:
466: (BB-64)
465:
460:
455:
448:
443:
436:
434:
432:
427:
424:
423:
418:
417:
412:
406:
404:
403:
397:
393:
391:
386:
381:
379:
373:
369:
367:
363:
359:
354:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
313:
308:
306:
300:
296:
292:
288:
279:
272:
270:
268:
265:
263:
258:
256:
251:
250:main armament
247:
245:
233:
229:
223:
221:
217:
213:
211:
207:
203:
195:
193:
189:
184:
180:
176:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
148:
144:
140:
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
85:United States
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
64:fires a full
63:
62:
57:
54:
52:
45:
40:
33:
27:
19:
1442:40 mm Bofors
1437:QF 1-pounder
1256:
1218:Capital ship
1170:
1154:rolling fire
1151:
1141:
1117:
1102:
1077:
1071:
1058:
1046:. Retrieved
1037:
1028:
1016:NavWeaps.com
1015:
1005:
980:
975:Thomas, Evan
969:
957:NavWeaps.com
956:
919:
915:
910:
846:Project HARP
843:
831:
825:
821:
815:
811:
807:
802:was part of
799:
795:
789:
786:engaged the
783:
779:
773:
762:
749:
744:
736:
733:South Dakota
732:
728:
726:
709:South Dakota
708:
702:
699:
685:
673:
582:Bore length
540:
539:(BB-61) and
536:
521:Designation
494:built-up gun
491:
463:
446:
437:Construction
430:
428:
421:
415:
410:
407:
401:
389:
385:Range Keeper
382:
374:
370:
355:
326:
311:
305:South Dakota
304:
294:
293:assumed the
284:
261:
254:
241:
239:
174: length
115:World War II
103:Used by
60:
50:
26:
1516:21" Mark 18
1511:21" Mark 15
1506:21" Mark 14
1501:21" Mark 10
574:Gun length
564:Gun weight
498:autofretted
273:Description
123:Vietnam War
1597:Categories
1496:21" Mark 8
930:References
920:New Jersey
833:Akagi Maru
822:New Jersey
784:New Jersey
776:Truk Atoll
691:battleship
668:See also:
474:Korean War
459:battleship
267:battleship
119:Korean War
56:battleship
1539:Mousetrap
1488:Torpedoes
1380:Submarine
1337:Destroyer
524:16-in/50
464:Wisconsin
462:USS
362:broadside
322:barbettes
312:Lexington
106:U.S. Navy
98:1943–1992
77:Naval gun
66:broadside
59:USS
29:Naval gun
1534:Hedgehog
1348:armament
1152:Missouri
1136:NavWeaps
1048:12 March
1042:Archived
1020:Archived
977:(2006).
961:Archived
852:See also
820:, while
598:Grooves
329:calibers
179:calibers
142:Designed
131:Gulf War
1272:Cruiser
1094:6500043
827:Maikaze
774:Off of
765:(BB-61)
541:Montana
526:caliber
390:Montana
358:turrets
348:⁄
333:chamber
262:Montana
252:of the
248:is the
244:caliber
242:16"/50
210:Caliber
1092:
993:
817:Katori
800:Nowaki
796:Nowaki
790:Nowaki
745:Yamato
735:, and
688:-class
638:Range
614:Twist
606:Lands
422:Nevada
402:Yamato
337:muzzle
289:, the
264:-class
172:Barrel
163:Length
53:-class
1549:K-gun
1544:Y-gun
1142:Video
1090:S2CID
1068:(PDF)
902:Notes
840:1960s
677:APCBC
559:1943
551:1939
396:radar
392:class
303:1920
202:(W23)
192:Shell
1382:guns
1344:and
1150:USS
1050:2007
991:ISBN
812:Iowa
808:Iowa
782:and
780:Iowa
763:Iowa
737:Iowa
706:and
700:The
686:Iowa
609:N/A
537:Iowa
447:Iowa
431:Iowa
416:Iowa
411:Iowa
378:beam
356:The
309:and
295:Iowa
255:Iowa
240:The
155:Mass
145:1939
111:Wars
74:Type
61:Iowa
51:Iowa
48:The
1082:doi
335:to
1599::
1339:,
1169:,
1088:.
1078:15
1076:.
1070:.
1040:.
1036:.
1018:.
1014:.
985:.
959:.
955:.
937:^
731:,
269:.
1201:e
1194:t
1187:v
1096:.
1084::
1052:.
999:.
679:(
476:.
350:2
346:1
343:+
341:1
181:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
