716:
456:. Douty's militia marched down Lincoln and Liberty streets armed with muskets and revolvers. They told the crowd to leave, and when that failed, shot into it. They wounded 12 people and killed two, neither of whom were involved in the uprising. Mr. Weist was shot dead while closing his candy store on Liberty and Independence streets; Levi Shoop was the second fatality. The crowd escaped to the town's outskirts. The mayor's militia took back control of the train stations and patrolled the town. According to rumors, after retreating, the workers tore up the tracks a few miles east of town.
616:
392:
Pittsburgh on July 21 a
National Guard unit from Philadelphia, ordered in by the Pennsylvania governor, fatally shot 20 unarmed strikers and bystanders, including women and three children, and wounded 29 more in an effort to suppress a growing protest against the Pennsylvania Railroad. The crowds retaliated by burning the railroad's buildings, more than 120 train engines, and 1200 freight cars; the south side of the city was burning for 3 miles (4.8 km) in the railroad flats along the
471:. Across the United States, these "forces of order" killed more than 100 people. It was not a complete defeat for the strikers, however. The strike showed the conflict of interests between working people and management. If corporations pushed people too far, they would react out of desperation. And the strike showed that if workers acted together, they could challenge the corporate system. By organizing into unions, workers could mobilize their strength.
119:
483:
427:
storehouse. They rushed for weapons known to be stored in the third story of the
Danville National Bank on Mill and Northumberland streets. Police met them. One policeman tried to arrest Treas, for using incendiary language. But he could not get to Treas in the dense crowd. A sign on Bloom Street proposed a meeting of workingmen in Sechler's Woods on July 26. Following these events, the authorities gave food to those in need.
22:
497:
423:
authorities until tomorrow at 10:00 to devise some action to give us work or bread. If at that time nothing is done for us, we will take wherever we can find it." John Styer discussed their poverty and demanded government aid. The town newspaper reported unless the borough council banished starvation, "disorder would ensue. Men would take the law into their own hands."
242:
319:, included: Pres. John N. Evans Mt. Carmel; VP Dennis Coming Locust Gap; Sec. Ben Ressler, Excelsior; Treas. John L. Shanahan, Mt. Carmel. In the Mt. Carmel District the following officers were elected: Pres. Lewis Dietrich; VP Pat Donnal; Sec. John L. Shanahan; Treas. Julius Maure; Trustees Patrick Donlan, Patrick Nowlan, and Thomas Perry.
511:
447:
One thousand men and young people marched down Rock Street and
Shamokin Street. When someone threw a stone through Shuman & Co.'s Store, the crowd surged forward into the Reading Railroad station and depot on Shamokin and Independence streets. (Now the site of a parking lot.) They broke the glass
407:
That evening in
Sunbury, rumors circulated that a unit of the National Guard would pass through on the way to crush Pittsburgh's strike. An agitated crowd gathered at the railroad junction at 3rd and Chestnut streets. The soldiers took another route. When a freight train tried to leave, the railroad
299:
In 1874 a third of
Pennsylvania's workforce was unemployed. The Reading Railroad cut train workers' wages by 10%, resulting in an unsuccessful strike. In 1875 only 1/5 of American workers had full-time jobs. Some people vented their frustration by damaging tracks, trains, and mines. On May 11, 1875,
253:
Railroad workers and miners had perilous jobs in the late 19th century. More than 200 railroad workers and 1000 miners died in accidents every year. The companies often forced both groups to buy goods from company stores at inflated prices and work from sunup to sundown. Companies made engineers pay
459:
In
November, Phillip Wiest, wounded in the militia shooting, was tried for leading the riot. Despite having received serious injuries, he was imprisoned for 8 months in the Northumberland County jail. In addition, James Richards, Peter Campbell, Christian Neely, and James Ebright were convicted and
403:
In
Reading on July 22, with the Reading Railroad 2 months in arrears of paying wages, crowds of women and children watched as strikers blocked the tracks. The governor again ordered National Guard units to the city. When people threw bricks at the troops, the soldiers opened fire in all directions,
374:
Gowen decreed that railroad workers had to leave their benevolent association and join the company's insurance plan, which covered them only when they were working. In response, the trainmen went on strike in April 1877. Gowen replaced them with scabs whose inexperience caused many accidents. Gowen
422:
on the morning of July 23, the workers appointed a group to ask the
Commissioner of the Poor for bread or work. The commissioner left it to the mayor to decide. At 3 PM a large crowd gathered at the weigh scales on Mill Street in the middle of Danville. One speaker said, "We will give the borough
463:
In
Shenandoah on July 25, 800-1000 workers paraded down the streets with flags and a drum corps. When they got to the baseball field at 10 PM, they could see that arsonists had set fire to the mining stables in nearby Lost Creek. On July 27, Shenandoah's miners brought business of all kinds to a
391:
of 1877. Before the strikes ended, more than 80,000 trainmen and 500,000 other industrial workers from Boston to Kansas City also went out on strike, although there were not yet official unions. The workers joined in their grievances and the knowledge that the railroads affected everyone. In
378:
In July 1877 the United States was deep in the depression. The previous year the total revenues of
America's railroads fell by $ 5.8 million. But they raised profits to $ 186 million (up $ 0.9 million) by cutting wages. Most owners received 10% dividends. In July 1877 railroads across America
426:
The next day there was almost a bread riot. Citizens were on the verge of starvation. Grocers brought their flour inside for safety, and farmers left markets with half their goods sold. At noon crowds led by Ben Bennet and former constable Frank Treas took a few old muskets from an abandoned
291:
and even Gowen City were named after him. Gowen established a private police force, called the "Reading Coal and Iron Police." Between 1871 and 1875 Gowen borrowed $ 69 million to pay for his empire. But he and the other railroad barons had overestimated the demand for train service and
451:
Meanwhile, Mayor William Douty gathered a citizen posse or militia outside City Hall in response to a prearranged signal - a bell ringing at his Presbyterian church. Douty managed his family's coal mines and collieries at Big Mountain, Doutyville, and Shamokin. He also persecuted the
439:
The next day they repeated their demands at Union Hall on Rock Street. William Oram, the attorney for both the borough and the Mineral Railroad & Mining Company, told the crowd that the borough and wealthy citizens would give them street work for 80 cents a day.
443:
The crowd appointed a Workingmen's Committee to negotiate with the borough council that night for a higher rate. The committee demanded $ 1.00 a day, and the borough agreed. But when the committee returned to Union Hall, the crowd rejected the $ 1.00 offer.
435:
In Shamokin on the morning of July 24, miners struck at the Big Mountain Colliery. Ten families in a row of houses had no food for 3 weeks, except a few scraps from their gardens. At 2 PM a large meeting of workers on Slope Hill demanded work or food.
327:
When Gowen lowered mining wages to 54% of their 1869 level, miners began the "Long Strike" of 1875. It started in January 1875 and lasted 170 days. But Gowen stored enough coal to outlast the strike and crushed the miner's union by firing its members.
396:. The next day troops shot more protesters, raising the total of Pittsburgh's dead to over 40. In Pittsburgh and Saint Louis, Missouri, the railroad workers were strong enough to take over management, run trains, and collect tickets. In
232:
It was the first in the United States in which workers across the country united in an action against major companies. In many cities, the railroad workers were joined by other industrial workers in general strikes.
761:
300:
the trestle at Locust Gap Junction was exploded. It is believed to have been a protest by unemployed men. The telegraph office at Locust Summit was burned. From 1860 to 1909 arson destroyed 25 collieries between
276:, including Locust Gap, on October 19, 1869. It built on the efforts of previous unions like the Miners Benevolent Society. It continued as one of the early ways that workers organized for mutual benefit.
415:
Hall. They decided to join the national strike and continue blocking freight trains until the railroads lifted the 10% reduction. The next morning they ordered the shop mechanics to leave work too.
2056:
151:
265:
occurred in 1842. More followed in 1849, 1869, and 1872. During the Civil War, the mine owners used cavalry platoons to arrest eight miners and evict them from company homes for striking in
371:
The Reading Railroad lowered miners' wages 10–15% twice between 1876 and 1877. Many workers were reduced to having only bread and water for their meals. Some families killed and ate pets.
754:
448:
in windows and doors, took the freight from the cars and everything in the building, and gutted it. Next they crossed Liberty Street toward the Northern Central Depot on Commerce Street.
283:
was the biggest mine company in the anthracite region. It used its monopoly on the railroads to take over 70,000 acres (280 km) of the best coal lands. The company's president was
649:
364:" that killed mine officials. He used private police to investigate and company lawyers to prosecute. Catholics and Irish were excluded from local juries. Beginning in June 1877, 20 "
777:
539:
534:
269:. At that time, the workers in Locust Gap formed the Miner's Benevolent Society, to provide accident insurance and demand better pay. It was one of the first unions in America.
747:
400:, when scabs started a train up a mountain, strikers soaped the tracks. The train went up, slowed, stopped; the passenger cars were unhooked and slid back down the mountain.
344:
March 31 – between Locust Gap and Alaska stations, men stoned and fired upon a train. The men boarded the train, drove out the crew, damaged the engine, and blocked tracks
2092:
2087:
927:
1298:
144:
1940:
781:
1029:
642:
1638:
137:
2061:
2026:
1867:
1670:
1472:
1178:
948:
715:
2082:
2107:
1754:
529:
39:
1789:
1069:
2117:
635:
1381:
1183:
1732:
1759:
1726:
544:
316:
273:
1856:
1275:
1092:
921:
865:
685:
185:
86:
943:
672:
331:
In July 1875, Gowen presented "A List of Outrages in the Schuylkill and Shamokin Regions" to Pennsylvania's legislature, including:
175:
105:
1435:
1019:
467:
Elsewhere railroads and local and state authorities crushed the strike using coal and iron police, militia, and state units of the
58:
2036:
2031:
916:
2112:
2102:
1417:
984:
847:
677:
180:
65:
911:
842:
468:
43:
2097:
1626:
1615:
1087:
1024:
807:
730:
705:
658:
524:
226:
205:
161:
739:
1341:
953:
72:
1568:
1737:
1665:
1376:
1293:
1122:
790:
301:
54:
1441:
604:
32:
1220:
870:
812:
690:
412:
262:
190:
1322:
1897:
1831:
1770:
1502:
1447:
1140:
1097:
967:
266:
1574:
254:
for all train damages, regardless of fault. Children tore their hands picking rocks from coal in collieries.
1643:
1364:
1250:
1040:
876:
695:
502:
397:
305:
195:
1544:
1269:
615:
1806:
1632:
1519:
1197:
419:
288:
246:
222:
123:
1538:
1244:
1980:
1915:
1742:
1684:
1562:
1483:
1151:
388:
1921:
1660:
1591:
1950:
1597:
1453:
1386:
1285:
1156:
1411:
379:
conspired and lowered wages another 10%. Train brakemen and firemen's wages came to $ 30 per month.
79:
1945:
1837:
1800:
1701:
1620:
488:
292:
over-invested. Debts forced them to fire many workers, resulting in a nationwide depression in the
387:
When they found out about the wage cuts on July 16, trainmen in Baltimore left work, sparking the
2015:
1986:
1932:
1891:
1861:
1764:
1707:
1580:
1370:
1358:
1346:
1001:
1034:
225:, in July 1877, as one of the several cities in the state where strikes occurred as part of the
1992:
1885:
1748:
1172:
905:
893:
393:
360:
Gowen accused leaders of the Irish community of running an alleged secret society called the "
284:
1961:
1955:
1556:
1477:
1316:
1116:
1007:
989:
899:
822:
335:
March 25, 1875 – Locust Summit telegraph burned, 32 coal cars dumped on tracks at Locust Gap
1812:
1352:
887:
830:
375:
refused to rehire the fired workers, and destroyed the Brotherhood of Railroad Engineers.
280:
118:
460:
imprisoned for 7, 6, 4, and 3 months, respectively, on charges of rioting and burglary.
1550:
1513:
1464:
1403:
1214:
995:
774:
453:
365:
361:
2076:
2009:
1607:
1586:
1145:
1064:
1059:
578:
516:
293:
1507:
857:
836:
1392:
1225:
627:
258:
21:
315:
The July 1875 Officers of the Miners' and Laborers' Benevolent Association for
2020:
1877:
1718:
799:
478:
272:
The Workers' Benevolent Association, founded in St Clair in 1868, expanded to
1494:
1333:
1013:
368:" were convicted and executed, often despite strong evidence of innocence.
312:
has a Mining Museum with a mural of the twice-burned Locust Gap colliery.
1794:
1781:
1427:
1308:
1236:
1108:
1079:
1051:
976:
309:
496:
129:
1972:
1693:
1261:
1206:
241:
1907:
1823:
611:. Charlotte, NC. July 30, 1877. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
510:
1848:
1530:
240:
117:
1132:
770:
622:
743:
631:
133:
15:
714:
356:
May 7 – hose cut from water columns at Locust Gap and Summit
350:
May 1 – flour and feed stolen from freight car in Locust Gap
347:
April 29 – provisions stolen from Mount Carmel freight depot
2057:
List of incidents of civil unrest in Colonial North America
540:
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
404:
killing 10 and wounding 40, including 5 local police.
535:
List of worker deaths in United States labor disputes
338:
March 26–29 – coal cars dumped at Locust Gap Junction
2049:
2002:
1971:
1931:
1906:
1876:
1847:
1822:
1780:
1717:
1692:
1683:
1653:
1606:
1529:
1493:
1463:
1426:
1402:
1332:
1307:
1284:
1260:
1235:
1205:
1196:
1165:
1131:
1107:
1078:
1050:
975:
966:
936:
856:
821:
798:
789:
725:
665:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
353:May 6 – attempt to blow up trestle in Locust Gap
755:
643:
341:March 29 – coal trains stoned near Locust Gap
145:
8:
1941:1885 attack on Squak Valley Chinese laborers
928:Westmoreland County coal strike of 1910–1911
556:Montour County newspapers, Danville library
1689:
1202:
972:
795:
762:
748:
740:
650:
636:
628:
152:
138:
130:
2062:Mass racial violence in the United States
1473:South Carolina civil disturbances of 1876
1030:Illinois Central shopmen's strike of 1911
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
2093:Labor-related riots in the United States
2088:Riots and civil disorder in Pennsylvania
562:Northumberland County Historical Society
1755:Pacific Electric Railway strike of 1903
530:Great Southwest railroad strike of 1886
408:workers took it over and sent it back.
2027:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
1868:1899 Coeur d'Alene labor confrontation
1671:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
1639:Paint Creek–Cabin Creek strike of 1912
1179:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
949:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
1382:1895 New Orleans dockworkers massacre
1184:Indianapolis streetcar strike of 1913
7:
1790:Cripple Creek miners' strike of 1894
1733:Los Angeles Chinese massacre of 1871
249:, where the 1877 uprising took place
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1760:1907 San Francisco streetcar strike
1299:1912 Forsyth County racial conflict
778:in the history of the United States
545:Timeline of labor issues and events
317:Northumberland County, Pennsylvania
1276:Pensacola streetcar strike of 1908
1093:St. Louis streetcar strike of 1900
1070:Copper Country strike of 1913–1914
866:Pittsburgh railroad strike of 1877
126:, which was raided in the uprising
14:
944:Baltimore railroad strike of 1877
257:The first recorded strike in the
2037:1914 Butte, Montana, labor riots
2032:Pacific Coast race riots of 1907
917:Pressed Steel Car strike of 1909
614:
580:History of Northumberland County
509:
495:
481:
20:
2083:1877 labor disputes and strikes
1857:1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike
1418:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
985:Chicago railroad strike of 1877
848:New York City Food Riot of 1917
568:Berks County Historical Society
411:On July 23 the trainmen met at
31:needs additional citations for
2108:Labor disputes in Pennsylvania
1020:1905 Chicago teamsters' strike
912:Anthracite coal strike of 1902
843:1874 Tompkins Square Park riot
431:July 24, beginning of incident
1:
2118:Great Railroad Strike of 1877
1627:Battle of the Grapevine Creek
1616:Great Railroad Strike of 1877
1088:1877 St. Louis general strike
1025:Springfield race riot of 1908
808:1880 Garret Rock May Day riot
731:Great Railroad Strike of 1922
659:Great Railroad Strike of 1877
525:Great Railroad Strike of 1922
227:Great Railroad Strike of 1877
1436:Enid–Pond Creek Railroad War
1342:New Orleans Massacre of 1866
954:1912 Lawrence textile strike
922:Philadelphia general strike
2136:
1738:San Francisco riot of 1877
1666:Meridian race riot of 1871
1377:1891 New Orleans lynchings
1294:1906 Atlanta race massacre
1123:1909 Omaha anti-Greek riot
1221:Election Massacre of 1874
871:Reading Railroad Massacre
813:1913 Paterson silk strike
712:
572:Pottsville Miners Journal
310:Knoebels Amusement Resort
263:Northeastern Pennsylvania
171:
1898:Battle of Lincoln (1878)
1832:Honolulu Courthouse riot
1771:Preparedness Day Bombing
1503:Memphis massacre of 1866
1448:McIntosh County Seat War
1141:Cincinnati riots of 1884
1098:St. Louis bullfight riot
55:"1877 Shamokin uprising"
1644:West Virginia coal wars
1587:Slocum Massacre of 1910
1365:Battle of Liberty Place
1251:Hartford coal mine riot
1041:East St. Louis massacre
877:Scranton general strike
503:Organized labour portal
398:Hornellsville, New York
2113:Shamokin, Pennsylvania
2103:1877 in rail transport
1807:Colorado Coalfield War
1633:Tucker County Seat War
1569:Jaybird–Woodpecker War
1520:Battle of Depot Street
883:1877 Shamokin uprising
719:
259:anthracite coal region
250:
223:Shamokin, Pennsylvania
219:1877 Shamokin uprising
127:
124:Shamokin, Pennsylvania
1981:Rock Springs massacre
1916:Hells Canyon Massacre
1743:Mussel Slough Tragedy
1727:Anti-Chinese violence
1563:San Elizario Salt War
1484:Phoenix election riot
1442:Brooks–McFarland feud
1152:May Day riots of 1894
718:
389:Great Railroad Strike
274:Northumberland County
244:
163:Great Railroad Strike
122:The Reading Depot in
121:
2098:1877 in Pennsylvania
1951:Seattle riot of 1886
1598:Houston riot of 1917
1454:Green Corn Rebellion
1387:Robert Charles riots
1323:French–Eversole feud
40:improve this article
1946:Tacoma riot of 1885
1801:Colorado Labor Wars
1702:Pleasant Valley War
1621:Lincoln County feud
1575:Reese–Townsend feud
623:Howling Mob Society
489:Pennsylvania portal
2016:Fence Cutting Wars
1987:Johnson County War
1922:Sheepshooters' War
1892:Lincoln County War
1862:Deep Creek murders
1795:Colorado Range War
1765:Wheatland hop riot
1708:Bisbee Deportation
1581:Brownsville affair
1545:Sutton–Taylor feud
1371:Thibodaux massacre
1359:Coushatta massacre
1347:Opelousas massacre
1270:Barber–Mizell feud
1157:Akron riot of 1900
1002:Illinois coal wars
720:
605:"The Great Strike"
323:Overview of events
287:. Gowen Street in
251:
128:
2070:
2069:
2045:
2044:
1993:Spring Creek raid
1886:Colfax County War
1749:Castaic Range War
1679:
1678:
1539:Early–Hasley feud
1245:Brooks–Baxter War
1192:
1191:
1173:Bay View massacre
1065:1894 Detroit riot
1060:1891 Detroit riot
962:
961:
906:Lattimer massacre
894:Morewood massacre
737:
736:
609:The Southern Home
590:The 1877 Uprising
394:Monongahela River
214:
213:
116:
115:
108:
90:
2125:
2050:Related articles
1962:Everett massacre
1956:Bellingham riots
1690:
1661:Greene–Jones War
1592:Boyce–Sneed feud
1557:Mason County War
1478:Hamburg massacre
1317:Rowan County War
1203:
1117:Camp Dump strike
1008:Battle of Virden
990:Haymarket affair
973:
900:Homestead strike
796:
764:
757:
750:
741:
652:
645:
638:
629:
619:
618:
612:
593:
588:Foner, Phillip.
584:
560:Sunbury Gazette,
519:
514:
513:
505:
500:
499:
491:
486:
485:
484:
281:Reading Railroad
166:
164:
154:
147:
140:
131:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2041:
1998:
1967:
1927:
1902:
1872:
1843:
1818:
1813:Ludlow Massacre
1776:
1713:
1675:
1649:
1602:
1525:
1489:
1459:
1422:
1412:Kirk–Holden war
1398:
1353:Colfax massacre
1328:
1303:
1280:
1256:
1231:
1188:
1161:
1127:
1103:
1074:
1046:
1035:Aldermen's wars
958:
932:
888:Pittsburgh riot
852:
831:Mamaroneck riot
817:
785:
768:
738:
733:
721:
710:
661:
656:
613:
603:
600:
587:
576:
553:
515:
508:
501:
494:
487:
482:
480:
477:
433:
385:
325:
245:Rock Street in
239:
215:
210:
167:
162:
160:
158:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2075:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2013:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1919:
1912:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1882:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1828:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1723:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1705:
1698:
1696:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1551:Las Cuevas War
1548:
1542:
1535:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1517:
1514:Coal Creek War
1511:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1465:South Carolina
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1404:North Carolina
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1320:
1313:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1266:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1223:
1218:
1215:Eutaw massacre
1211:
1209:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1113:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1011:
1005:
999:
996:Pullman Strike
993:
987:
981:
979:
970:
964:
963:
960:
959:
957:
956:
951:
946:
940:
938:
934:
933:
931:
930:
925:
919:
914:
909:
903:
897:
891:
885:
880:
874:
868:
862:
860:
854:
853:
851:
850:
845:
840:
834:
827:
825:
819:
818:
816:
815:
810:
804:
802:
793:
787:
786:
769:
767:
766:
759:
752:
744:
735:
734:
729:
727:
723:
722:
713:
711:
709:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
680:
675:
669:
667:
666:Events by city
663:
662:
657:
655:
654:
647:
640:
632:
626:
625:
620:
599:
598:External links
596:
595:
594:
585:
574:
569:
566:Reading Eagle,
563:
557:
552:
549:
548:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
521:
520:
506:
492:
476:
473:
469:National Guard
454:Molly Maguires
432:
429:
384:
381:
366:Molly Maguires
362:Molly Maguires
358:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
324:
321:
238:
235:
212:
211:
209:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
172:
169:
168:
159:
157:
156:
149:
142:
134:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2131:
2130:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2010:Railroad Wars
2008:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:(1860s–1890s)
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1608:West Virginia
1605:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1146:Reservoir war
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
980:
978:
974:
971:
969:
965:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
935:
929:
926:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
859:
855:
849:
846:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
828:
826:
824:
820:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
803:
801:
797:
794:
792:
788:
783:
779:
776:
772:
765:
760:
758:
753:
751:
746:
745:
742:
732:
728:
724:
717:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
670:
668:
664:
660:
653:
648:
646:
641:
639:
634:
633:
630:
624:
621:
617:
610:
606:
602:
601:
597:
591:
586:
582:
581:
577:Bell (1891).
575:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
554:
550:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
522:
518:
517:Trains portal
512:
507:
504:
498:
493:
490:
479:
474:
472:
470:
465:
461:
457:
455:
449:
445:
441:
437:
430:
428:
424:
421:
416:
414:
409:
405:
401:
399:
395:
390:
383:Strike begins
382:
380:
376:
372:
369:
367:
363:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
333:
332:
329:
322:
320:
318:
313:
311:
307:
303:
297:
295:
294:Panic of 1873
290:
286:
282:
279:By 1872, the
277:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
255:
248:
243:
236:
234:
230:
228:
224:
220:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
173:
170:
165:
155:
150:
148:
143:
141:
136:
135:
132:
125:
120:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1894:(1878; 1881)
1508:Pulaski riot
882:
858:Pennsylvania
837:Orange Riots
775:civil unrest
700:
608:
589:
579:
571:
565:
559:
466:
464:standstill.
462:
458:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
425:
417:
410:
406:
402:
386:
377:
373:
370:
359:
330:
326:
314:
302:Mount Carmel
298:
278:
271:
256:
252:
231:
221:occurred in
218:
216:
200:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2023:(1870–1920)
2012:(1864–1912)
1989:(1889–1893)
1924:(1895–1906)
1888:(1873–1888)
1840:(1893–1894)
1809:(1913–1914)
1803:(1903–1904)
1751:(1890–1916)
1704:(1882–1892)
1646:(1912–1921)
1635:(1888–1893)
1623:(1878–1890)
1594:(1911–1912)
1577:(1898–1907)
1571:(1888–1889)
1565:(1877–1878)
1559:(1875–1876)
1547:(1868–1876)
1541:(1865–1869)
1516:(1891–1892)
1450:(1907–1909)
1444:(1896–1902)
1438:(1893–1894)
1393:Grabow riot
1325:(1887–1894)
1319:(1884–1887)
1228:(1892–1893)
1226:Mitcham War
1037:(1916–1921)
1004:(1898–1900)
839:(1870–1871)
285:Frank Gowen
2077:Categories
2021:Sheep wars
1933:Washington
1878:New Mexico
1838:Black Week
1719:California
800:New Jersey
686:Pittsburgh
551:References
267:Locust Gap
237:Background
186:Pittsburgh
96:March 2018
66:newspapers
1495:Tennessee
1334:Louisiana
1014:Pana riot
791:Northeast
782:1865–1918
706:St. Louis
673:Baltimore
413:Red Men's
306:Trevorton
206:St. Louis
176:Baltimore
1782:Colorado
1428:Oklahoma
1309:Kentucky
1237:Arkansas
1109:Nebraska
1080:Missouri
1052:Michigan
977:Illinois
823:New York
726:See also
701:Shamokin
696:Scranton
682:New York
475:See also
420:Danville
289:Shamokin
247:Shamokin
201:Shamokin
196:Scranton
1973:Wyoming
1694:Arizona
1286:Georgia
1262:Florida
1207:Alabama
968:Midwest
691:Reading
678:Chicago
191:Reading
181:Chicago
80:scholar
2003:Others
1995:(1909)
1983:(1885)
1964:(1916)
1958:(1907)
1918:(1887)
1908:Oregon
1864:(1896)
1834:(1874)
1824:Hawaii
1815:(1914)
1797:(1900)
1773:(1916)
1767:(1913)
1745:(1880)
1710:(1917)
1654:Others
1629:(1888)
1583:(1906)
1553:(1875)
1522:(1897)
1510:(1868)
1486:(1898)
1480:(1876)
1456:(1917)
1414:(1870)
1395:(1912)
1389:(1900)
1373:(1887)
1367:(1874)
1361:(1874)
1355:(1873)
1349:(1868)
1272:(1870)
1253:(1914)
1247:(1874)
1217:(1870)
1175:(1886)
1166:Others
1148:(1887)
1119:(1882)
1100:(1904)
1043:(1917)
1016:(1899)
1010:(1898)
998:(1894)
992:(1886)
937:Others
924:(1910)
908:(1897)
902:(1892)
896:(1891)
890:(1886)
879:(1877)
873:(1877)
833:(1870)
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1849:Idaho
1531:Texas
1198:South
771:Riots
87:JSTOR
73:books
1685:West
1133:Ohio
773:and
304:and
217:The
59:news
418:In
261:of
42:by
2079::
607:.
308:.
296:.
229:.
784:)
780:(
763:e
756:t
749:v
651:e
644:t
637:v
592:.
583:.
153:e
146:t
139:v
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
