44:
416:
29:
408:
486:
51:
432:
to the length of the shock, over 1 minute, and the enormous amount of energy released during the tremor. Compound motion of the fault was also a likely contributor to the earthquake's destruction. The structure of the housing also contributed to the collapse; many homes had been built from simple rocks of varying size and were not reinforced by mortar or even wood.
462:
Initial reports did not mention serious damage, and not until later that night did the scale of the devastation become clear. The government in Rome assumed local authorities had delayed reporting the facts, and it was rumored that they even tried to remove one mayor from office. However, when trying
446:
Survivors were pulled out slowly from the ruins of earthquake-stricken zones. One man survived in a barn for a period of 25 days living solely off of grains and water. After a short time the searchers ran out of space to dispose of the debris as it was too overwhelming in mass, forcing the workers to
431:
was toppled from the shaking and only one high-rise building survived. According to
Robinson (1915), ninety-six percent of its population was eliminated almost simultaneously, the worst casualty zone. Several other settlements were demolished in the worst of the earthquake. This damage was attributed
479:
There are now very few of the victims of the earthquake left in hospitals, but the wounded soldiers keep on arriving. Theirs is a pitiful sight, but I think that the sight of the crushed people was worse. You see only men in the soldiers, while with the other people, there was such a number of women
480:
and children. I feel quite at home with my work, but I am forgetting
English in trying to understand the different dialects of the poor sufferers. Each province, almost each district has its own, it makes the service difficult. Fortunately we can go a long way with signs.
398:
calculated using the limited instrumental data available for the earthquake suggest strike-slip faulting, but this is at odds with the known geological structure and the mechanism is thought to be purely extensional.
773:
Michetti, A.M.; Brunamonte, F.; Serva, L.; Vittori, E. (1996). "Trench investigations of the 1915 Fucino earthquake fault scarps (Abruzzo, central Italy): Geological.evidence of large historical events".
638:
682:
Galadini, F.; Galli, P. (1999). "The
Holocene paleoearthquakes on the 1915 Avezzano earthquake faults (central Italy): implications for active tectonics in the central Apennines".
974:
502:
490:
743:
National
Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.
1418:
348:
Central and southern Italy in particular have been struck by deadly earthquakes in the last 300 years, with the deadliest earthquake dating back to at least the
423:
The earthquake took place at around 8:00 local time affecting thousands of people throughout central and southern Italy; the shaking was even felt in
435:
Damage of the earthquake was distributed throughout central and southern Italy. Rome experienced minor damage, including a fallen statue reported in
340:, including the Marsican Hwy Fault (MHF) and the San Benedetto dei Marsi–Gioia dei Marsi Fault (SBMGF), which bound the northeast side of the basin.
639:"Contemporary crustal extension in the Umbria–Marche Apennines from regional CGPS networks and comparison between geodetic and seismic deformation"
1516:
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give up. As E.V. Robinson later described, the remaining "work of excavation seemed to go on in an unsystematic and half hearted way".
1411:
559:
74:
637:
D'Agostino N.; Mantenuto S.; D'Anastasio E.; Avallone A.; Barchi M.; Collettini C.; Radicioni F.; Stoppini A.; Fastellini G. (2009).
1657:
960:
222:
1283:
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513:) on 8 August 1915 to reward the organizations and people who provided relief work to the survivors of the earthquake.
88:
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to serve him notice it became clear that he, together with most of his town's people, had died in the earthquake. Because of
150:
914:
With which a medal was established for those who engaged in meritorious relief work during the earthquake of 13 January 1915
1759:
1739:
1404:
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443:. In fact, damage from the earthquake was diverse; either the location was destroyed or experienced little to no damage.
1754:
1561:
1427:
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Col quale è istituita una medaglia per i benemeriti per opera di soccorso in occasione del terremoto del 13 gennaio 1915
527:
467:
the government decided not to accept foreign assistance, and a national rescue and relief effort was promptly started.
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207:
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that were mapped at the time show that parts of both the MHF and SBMGF moved during the earthquake.
1461:
330:
294:
93:
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sediments. Since the Late
Pliocene the subsidence has controlled by a set of NW-SE trending, SW-
1749:
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326:
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1723:
254:
454:, a promising young mathematician who had become a high school teacher in Avezzano.
281:. Around 30,000 direct fatalities and $ 60 million in damage resulted from the
407:
386:. The calculated epicentre lies about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west-northwest of
314:
717:
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165:
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Lieutenant
Legislative Decree, 8 August 1915, Number 1339,
752:
821:
484:
414:
406:
197:
424:
318:
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or northeastward movement of the
Adriatic Plate relative to the
1400:
956:
888:. North Shore, Auckland: Massey University Press. p. 215.
556:"ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2012)"
511:
Medaglia di benemerenza per il terremoto di
Avezzano del 1915
301:
as a result of either roll-back associated with continuing
677:
675:
313:. The epicentral area of the earthquake lies within the
938:
1384:
indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
368:
The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.0–7.5
360:
as well as 1915 have killed over 30,000 people each.
1666:
1575:
1434:
1357:
1305:
1250:
1225:
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1108:
1071:
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189:
181:
144:
136:
122:
114:
99:
86:
73:
62:
503:Medal of Merit for the Avezzano Earthquake of 1915
491:Medal of Merit for the Avezzano Earthquake of 1915
470:Among those nursing the victims was the Venerable
474:. She would write back to New Zealand in August:
922:Official Gazette of the Kingdom of Italy No. 224
50:
476:
1389:indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year
1412:
968:
924:) of 9 September 1915 (in Italian).
411:Aerial photo of Avezzano after the earthquake
8:
918:Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia n. 224
273:). The epicenter was located in the city of
21:
859:Giacardi, Livia (2002). "Gramegna, Maria".
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1405:
1397:
975:
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811:
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27:
20:
822:"A Visit to the Avezzano Earthquake Zone"
549:
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543:
450:Among those killed by the earthquake was
379:
370:
539:
325:to recent fill of greater than 1 km of
7:
862:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
745:"Significant Earthquake Information"
258:
939:International Seismological Centre
622:. 4 September 2009. Archived from
560:International Seismological Centre
14:
419:Ruins of Castle Orsini, Avezzano
49:
42:
1154:(6.0, (Feb 18), 6.4 (April 24))
776:Journal of Geophysical Research
620:United States Geological Survey
215:
616:"PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog"
1:
704:10.1016/S0040-1951(99)00091-8
277:(which was destroyed) in the
886:For King and Other Countries
718:"Italy's earthquake history"
528:List of earthquakes in Italy
820:Robinson, E.V. (May 1915).
666:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.09.033
523:List of earthquakes in 1915
458:Response and relief efforts
352:. Powerful shocks in 1693,
1781:
1699:January 2017 Central Italy
1694:October 2016 Central Italy
865:(in Italian). Vol. 58
583:The Geology of Earthquakes
297:of Italy are dominated by
253:occurred on 13 January in
1689:August 2016 Central Italy
1379:
921:
913:
846:10.1080/00221341508983666
441:Column of Marcus Aurelius
38:
26:
983:Earthquakes in the 1910s
247:1915 Avezzano earthquake
140:15 km (9.3 mi)
22:1915 Avezzano earthquake
1765:1915 disasters in Italy
1745:20th century in Abruzzo
1517:1694 Irpinia–Basilicata
587:Oxford University Press
388:San Benedetto dei Marsi
1658:1997 Umbria and Marche
510:
494:
483:
420:
412:
377:, recalculated as 6.7
350:1693 Sicily earthquake
251:1915 Fucino earthquake
884:Harper, Glyn (2019).
618:. Version 2008_06.1.
488:
418:
410:
403:Damage and casualties
299:extensional tectonics
265:of 6.7 and a maximum
1760:Disasters in Abruzzo
1740:Earthquakes in Italy
1428:Earthquakes in Italy
916:), published in the
826:Journal of Geography
317:, an area of active
279:Province of L'Aquila
1755:January 1915 events
1684:2012 Northern Italy
838:1915JGeog..13..265R
788:1996JGR...101.5921M
696:1999Tectp.308..143G
658:2009Tectp.476....3D
259:07:52:42 local time
162: /
69:1915-01-13 06:52:42
23:
16:Earthquake in Italy
1472:1456 Central Italy
947:authoritative data
495:
489:The ribbon of the
439:and cracks on the
421:
413:
267:Mercalli intensity
261:. The shock had a
239:29,978–32,610 dead
1717:
1716:
1562:1883 Casamicciola
1394:
1393:
1124:Sulawesi–Mindanao
895:978-0-9951029-9-6
796:10.1029/95JB02852
782:(B3): 5921–5936.
724:. 31 October 2002
626:on 13 March 2020.
596:978-0-19-507827-5
243:
242:
166:42.025°N 13.578°E
33:Ruins of Avezzano
1772:
1730:1915 earthquakes
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392:Surface ruptures
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289:Tectonic setting
263:moment magnitude
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1618:1930 Senigallia
1608:1920 Garfagnana
1571:
1552:1857 Basilicata
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1425:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1375:
1353:
1326:(6.7, April 21)
1301:
1246:
1221:
1216:Pleasant Valley
1204:Imperial Valley
1181:
1138:
1104:
1067:
1015:
984:
981:
949:for this event.
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589:. p. 479.
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558:. Version 3.0.
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115:Local time
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103:13 January 1915
100:Local date
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1492:1638 Calabrian
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1416:
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1373:
1369:(7.0, Nov 18)
1363:
1361:
1355:
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1352:
1351:
1345:
1341:(7.5, Oct 11)
1336:
1332:(8.3, Aug 15)
1327:
1321:
1317:(7.2, Feb 13)
1311:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:(5.6, Dec 25)
1290:
1286:(6.8, Aug 28)
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1275:
1266:
1262:(6.6, Jan 20)
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1254:
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1206:(6.3, June 23)
1201:
1197:(6.7, Jan 13)
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1098:(6.9, Nov 19)
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1040:(7.4, Feb 18)
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1000:(8.1, Apr 12)
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684:Tectonophysics
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573:Yeats, R. S.;
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427:. The town of
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1667:21st century
1648:1980 Irpinia
1628:1962 Irpinia
1613:1930 Irpinia
1597:
1593:1908 Messina
1576:20th century
1567:1887 Liguria
1537:1743 Salento
1532:1732 Irpinia
1527:1706 Abruzzo
1487:1627 Gargano
1477:1570 Ferrara
1457:1222 Brescia
1386:
1381:
1370:
1350:(7.2, Dec 6)
1342:
1333:
1318:
1296:
1287:
1272:
1269:San Salvador
1263:
1218:(6.8, Oct 2)
1198:
1194:
1178:(6.6, Oct 7)
1170:
1169:(7.0, Oct 4)
1161:
1133:
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1056:Kikai Island
1050:
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943:bibliography
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867:. Retrieved
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624:the original
582:
579:Allen, C. R.
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554:ISC (2016).
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315:Fucino Basin
293:The central
292:
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246:
244:
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204:Total damage
18:
1709:2018 Molise
1704:2017 Ischia
1674:2002 Molise
1643:1976 Friuli
1633:1968 Belice
1603:1916 Rimini
1557:1873 Alpago
1547:1805 Molise
1512:1693 Sicily
1507:1688 Sannio
1467:1348 Friuli
1462:1343 Naples
1452:1169 Sicily
1447:1117 Verona
1330:Celebes Sea
1324:San Jacinto
575:Sieh, K. E.
465:World War I
169: /
77: event
1724:Categories
1442:62 Pompeii
1435:Historical
1339:San Fermín
1007:Costa Rica
920:(English:
912:(English:
869:25 January
534:References
364:Earthquake
331:lacustrine
303:subduction
283:earthquake
236:Casualties
157:13°34′41″E
154:42°01′30″N
107:1915-01-13
66: time
1293:Guatemala
1176:East Cape
1047:Michoacán
295:Apennines
218:intensity
145:Epicenter
123:Magnitude
1750:Avezzano
1195:Avezzano
1062:Guerrero
758:22 March
728:25 April
722:BBC News
581:(1997).
517:See also
429:Avezzano
323:Pliocene
275:Avezzano
224:MMI XI (
118:07:52:42
1367:Ayvalık
1315:Shantou
1158:Senboku
1096:Acambay
1087:Mürefte
945:and/or
834:Bibcode
784:Bibcode
692:Bibcode
654:Bibcode
507:Italian
344:History
335:dipping
327:fluvial
321:with a
319:rifting
305:of the
271:Extreme
269:of XI (
226:Extreme
194:Marsica
105: (
1284:Nantou
1241:Rimini
1235:Rimini
1210:Asmara
1167:Burdur
1118:Asmara
1081:Maymyo
998:Taiwan
941:has a
892:
593:
356:, and
94:ComCat
81:913880
1278:Samoa
1130:Eshan
1038:Sarez
1029:Kebin
642:(PDF)
198:Italy
182:Fault
137:Depth
87:USGS-
1359:1919
1307:1918
1260:Bali
1252:1917
1227:1916
1187:1915
1152:Reno
1144:1914
1110:1913
1073:1912
1021:1911
990:1910
937:The
890:ISBN
871:2023
760:2024
730:2009
591:ISBN
497:The
425:Rome
358:1908
354:1783
245:The
216:Max.
126:6.7
89:ANSS
842:doi
792:doi
780:101
749:doi
700:doi
688:308
662:doi
650:476
329:to
257:at
249:or
75:ISC
64:UTC
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1371:†‡
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