347:
437:
1904:
456:
had still been alive when the train was stormed, and had been executed by marines. In
November 2014, media reported that Justice Minister van Agt allegedly ordered military commanders to leave no hijackers alive. An in-depth investigation, published the same month, concluded that no executions had taken place, but that unarmed hijackers had been killed by Marines. In 2018, a Dutch court ruled that the Dutch government did not have to pay compensation to relatives of two of the hijackers killed by Marines. The ruling was upheld on appeal on 1 June 2021.
31:
220:, the unit was demobilized and Moluccan soldiers opted to settle in the Netherlands, motivated by fears of reprisal attacks by Indonesians. Many assumed that their stay would be temporary, and that with Dutch pressure, a Moluccan nation which they could return to would be established. However, by the 1970's, some had grown disillusioned, feeling that the Dutch government had reneged on its promises, leading to politically motivated violence.
1350:
1324:
1432:
1406:
1242:
1378:
1486:
1133:
822:
1513:
1539:
1270:
757:
718:
1458:
1049:
1741:
1159:
1077:
1105:
993:
965:
338:, with which they could fly to a country of their choice. The next day, three blindfolded passengers were briefly brought out with nooses around their necks in what a spokesman described as "perhaps a demonstration of power". Authorities, however, stood firm and decided to cut the line between the train and the school.
455:
According to official sources, six of the hijackers were killed by bullets shot at the train from a distance. On 1 June 2013, reports emerged that an investigation by journalist Jan
Beckers and one of the former hijackers, Junus Ririmasse, had concluded that three, and possibly four, of the hijackers
292:
am on 23 May, one of the hijackers (later identified as
Matheus T.) pulled the emergency brake, bringing the train to a stop near De Punt and allowing the others to board. Around 40 people, including the crew, were allowed to leave. The 54 passengers remaining on the train were forced to help cover
326:
Contact between law enforcement and the hijackers was established on 24 May. Among their demands was Dutch assistance in achieving
Moluccan independence, the release of 21 prisoners involved in previous attacks, and a way to communicate with those at the school. A deadline was set for 25 May at
404:
251:
According to Willem S., the self-proclaimed leader of the hijacking, "I came up with the idea of taking action at the beginning of
January this year... after Wijster and Amsterdam, the whole world had not understood what we South Moluccans want." Initial targets included the
427:
flew over the area at low altitude, while a team of demolition experts set off explosives. The train was then stormed, and most hostages freed. Six of the nine train hijackers, as well as two hostages, were killed in the assault.
275:
and drew sketches of the train cars. According to one of the hijackers, "everything was arranged down to the smallest detail, including lists of items to take with you." They met up with the group responsible for the concurrent
1821:
410:
409:
407:
405:
411:
1814:
1958:
346:
408:
1943:
1807:
1707:
331:
pm, after which both groups threatened to set off explosives and kill all their hostages. The Dutch government only fulfilled the third demand, providing them with a bugged phone line.
696:
436:
1593:
1623:
373:), both well-respected members of the Dutch Moluccan community, to meet them. The following day, as a sign of good faith, two pregnant women were let go on 5 June, including
539:
508:
391:
On 9 June, during a second meeting with the hijackers, Soumokil is suspected to have, without the knowledge or permission of the authorities, notified them that the
1938:
423:
am, special forces started firing upon the train, shooting approximately 15,000 bullets in all. In order to confuse the hijackers and divert their attention, six
297:
were fired in order to frighten them into compliance. At the same time, four
Moluccans took six teachers and 105 students hostage at a nearby primary school.
785:
1296:
406:
1928:
307:
Netherlands' special forces unit, quickly surrounded the train, setting up sniper positions beside the tracks, while a crisis team was set up in the
1963:
1863:
498:
236:
1745:
1715:
1892:
1186:
595:
503:
59:
1565:
448:. An accomplice was given an one-year sentence. Riots occurred two weeks before the announcement of the verdict, resulting in two schools and a
1752:
549:
395:
was willing to receive them. By 10 June, they had become stubborn, again threatening to kill all the hostages if their demands weren't met.
679:
661:
209:
1601:
334:
The hijackers failed to carry out their threats once the deadline had passed, instead announcing another demand: fueled aircraft at
308:
1216:
893:
1882:
277:
193:
858:
1856:
1633:
518:
312:
217:
452:
centre being set on fire. In 2007, a memorial service was held for the killed hijackers, which around 600 people attended.
1948:
392:
1781:
898:
302:
261:
52:
1968:
1923:
1655:
316:
1757:
1903:
1849:
1327:[Man with heart problems released this morning; second interview with train hijackers tomorrow afternoon].
1021:
424:
335:
232:
358:
with whom they could talk to face-to-face be sent to the train. After much deliberation, the crisis team selected
466:
213:
158:
1681:
1933:
1628:
1570:
182:
1192:
513:
623:
Treinkaping De Punt 1977 - 2017: 40 jaar
Molukse onvrede over de beëindiging van de gijzeling bij De Punt
621:
1301:
444:
Three hijackers survived and, alongside their collaborators at the school, were given six- to nine-year
374:
1108:[Atmosphere in Glimmen very tense during 'demonstrations' of hijackers; people outside train].
586:
30:
1409:[South Moluccan woman refuses interrogation; letter found on hijacked train leads to action].
1489:[Six to nine years for train hijackers and school occupiers; punishment milder than demand].
315:
were mistakenly assumed to be part of the plot and detained. Election campaigns for the soon-to-come
212:
after the Dutch government promised that they would eventually get their own independent state, the
1799:
1160:"Bemiddelaars mevrouw Soumokil en dokter Tan gaan aan het werk; gesprek met kapers komt nu op gang"
1383:
762:
355:
1789:
359:
1953:
1830:
803:
688:
657:
627:
545:
178:
1162:[Mediators Ms. Soumokil and Dr. Tan get to work; talks with hijackers now underway].
379:
185:
and took over 50 people hostage. The hijacking lasted 20 days and ended with a raid by Dutch
1542:["Unacceptable means of hostage-taking": hijackers and occupiers get 6 to 9 years].
1082:
944:
790:
723:
224:
760:[In Smilde town hall or NOS Studio; hijackers were initially after other actions].
1355:
445:
320:
1325:"Man met hartklachten vanmorgen vrijgelaten; morgenmiddag tweede gesprek met treinkapers"
896:[How the Netherlands held its breath for weeks at the De Punt train hijacking].
1463:
486:
482:
478:
370:
146:
112:
1516:[Six to nine years for train hijacking; court rejects collective punishment].
1917:
1708:"Dutch state does not have to pay damages for shooting Moluccan train hostage takers"
1106:"Sfeer in Glimmen zeer gespannen tijdens 'demonstraties' kapers; mensen buiten trein"
1054:
471:
228:
970:
555:
294:
1273:[Hijackers release pair without conditions; released women both healthy].
1271:"Kapers laten tweetal gaan zonder voorwaarden; vrijgelaten vrouwen allebei gezond"
1834:
1407:"Zuidmoluske vrouw weigert verhoor; gevonden brief in kaaptrein leidt tot actie"
1245:[Freed women in excellent condition; risk of very long hostage-taking].
541:
Religious Voices in Self-Narratives: Making Sense of Life in Times of
Transition
197:
1243:"Vrijgelaten vrouwen in voortreffelijke conditie; kans op zeer lange gijzeling"
758:"In gemeentehuis Smilde of NOS-Studio; kapers waren eerst uit op andere acties"
1773:
1765:
1487:"Zes tot negen jaar voor treinkapers en schoolbezetters; straf milder dan eis"
1110:
936:
186:
1540:""Gijzeling onaanvaardbaar middel": kapers en bezetters krijgen 6 tot 9 jaar"
692:
364:
74:
61:
1794:
1026:
449:
272:
253:
240:
175:
415:
Animated reconstruction of the attack, commissioned by the Dutch government
1740:
1514:"Zes tot negen jaar voor treinkaping; rechtbank weigert collectieve straf"
485:-language television film was made about this hostage crisis, directed by
1052:[Den Uyl rejects hijackers' demands; confusion about mediation].
861:[What happened during the Moluccan train hijacking at De Punt?].
736:
385:
167:
44:
311:
headquarters. In the initial confusion, Indonesian sailors waiting at
998:
257:
894:"Hoe Nederland wekenlang zijn adem inhield bij treinkaping De Punt"
35:
Hijacker running past the hijacked train with a South
Moluccan flag
1247:
435:
402:
345:
268:
243:, leading to a 12-day hostage crisis which ended in three deaths.
223:
In 1975, ten
Moluccans were arrested for conspiring to break into
1795:
South Moluccan Suicide Commando in MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
1381:[Two South Moluccan mediators back on the train today].
1803:
1774:
Dutch Polygoon newsreel images of the military action from 1977
1596:[Commemoration for train hijackers at De Punt (1977)].
786:"By Extremists in Netherlands; Train Hijacked, School Occupied"
1379:"Twee Zuidmolukkers bemiddelaars vanmiddag weer naar de trein"
680:"Vught Journal; Remember the Moluccans? Is This a Last Stand?"
650:
In Nederland gebleven: de geschiedenis van Molukkers 1951-2006
859:"Wat gebeurde er tijdens de Molukse treinkaping bij De Punt?"
654:
Stayed in the Netherlands: the History of Moluccans 1951-2006
388:. Another person was let go due to heart problems on 8 June.
1050:"Den Uyl wijst eisen kapers af; verwarring over bemiddelen"
1024:["Minister wanted Moluccan train hijackers dead"].
189:, during which two hostages and six hijackers were killed.
1435:[South Moluccan: no interrogation by detectives].
192:
The same day as the train hijacking, four other Moluccans
968:[Indonesian sailors cause panic in Vlaardingen].
721:[South Moluccan Willem S.: "I led the actions"].
166:
On 23 May 1977, a train was hijacked near the village of
1782:
Images from the armoured car unit involved in the action
966:"Indonesische zeelui zorgen in Vlaardingen voor paniek"
1656:"Train hijackers ordered executed by Justice minister"
1594:"Herdenking voor kapers van trein bij De Punt (1977)"
1353:[Still two contacts for hijackers on train].
1297:"After 17 Days on Train, Terrorists Free 3rd Hostage"
1959:
Terrorist incidents in the Netherlands in the 1970s
153:
142:
134:
126:
118:
106:
98:
90:
51:
40:
23:
1185:
678:
585:
1217:"Dutch Seek to Improve Status of South Moluccans"
1190:[Two mediators; contact with hijackers].
369:and Josina Soumokil (widow of Moluccan guerrilla
1944:Terrorist incidents on railway systems in Europe
1626:['De Punt train hijackers liquidated'].
1136:[Breakthrough in hijacking; mediation].
573:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. p. 452.
509:Attempt at kidnapping Juliana of the Netherlands
350:Tan and Soumokil arriving at the train on 9 June
1574:. United Press International. 22 September 1977
1351:"Toch twee contactpersonen bij kapers in trein"
719:"Zuidmolukker Willem S.: "Ik leidde de acties""
231:. Later that year, 14 Moluccans simultaneously
587:"40 Years Later, Moluccans Await Repatriation"
1815:
1682:"Unarmed hijackers killed in train hijacking"
8:
1461:[Moluccan hijackers: 6 to 9 years].
1305:. Associated Press. 9 July 1977. p. 10A
538:Buitelaar, Marjo; Zock, Hetty, eds. (2013).
1022:""Minister wilde Molukse treinkapers dood""
794:. Associated Press. 23 May 1977. p. 40
323:could focus its attention on the incident.
319:were canceled by all major parties, so the
267:Three hijackers cased the train route from
1822:
1808:
1800:
656:] (in Dutch). Amsterdam: Bert Bakker.
544:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 194.
29:
20:
1766:Dutch Polygoon newsreel images from 1977
1600:(in Dutch). 12 June 2007. Archived from
1546:(in Dutch). 23 September 1977. p. 9
1493:(in Dutch). 23 September 1977. p. 6
1467:(in Dutch). 22 September 1977. p. 1
1433:"Zuidmoluske: geen verhoor rechercheurs"
499:1975 Indonesian consulate hostage crisis
354:On 31 May, the hijackers requested that
1632:(in Dutch). 1 June 2013. Archived from
1439:(in Dutch). 24 December 1977. p. 3
1413:(in Dutch). 24 December 1977. p. 7
1187:"Twee bemiddelaars; contact met kapers"
766:(in Dutch). 7 September 1977. p. 3
727:(in Dutch). 7 September 1977. p. 3
648:Smeets, Henk; Steijlen, Fridus (2006).
571:Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia
530:
504:1978 Dutch province hall hostage crisis
943:. Season 1. Episode 2. 12 April 2002.
620:Paardekooper, Maurice (28 June 2018).
1939:Terrorist incidents in Europe in 1977
1850:Attempted kidnapping of Queen Juliana
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
817:
815:
813:
208:Thousands of Moluccans fought in the
7:
1790:Images in the Dutch National Archive
1624:"'Treinkapers De Punt geliquideerd'"
1512:Sloothaak, Jan (23 September 1977).
752:
750:
748:
746:
615:
613:
598:from the original on 28 October 2023
18:Dutch train hijacking by 9 Moluccans
1864:Indonesian consulate hostage crisis
1114:(in Dutch). 26 May 1977. p. 23
857:van Lent, Niek (29 November 2017).
1893:Assen province hall hostage crisis
1753:Article from 1977 in Time magazine
1387:(in Dutch). 9 July 1977. p. 1
1359:(in Dutch). 9 July 1977. p. 1
1331:(in Dutch). 8 July 1977. p. 1
1277:(in Dutch). 6 July 1977. p. 1
1251:(in Dutch). 6 June 1977. p. 1
1196:(in Dutch). 4 July 1977. p. 1
1166:(in Dutch). 4 July 1977. p. 1
1140:(in Dutch). 1 June 1977. p. 1
1086:(in Dutch). 31 May 1977. p. 1
1058:(in Dutch). 25 May 1977. p. 1
1002:(in Dutch). 24 May 1977. p. 1
974:(in Dutch). 24 May 1977. p. 1
829:(in Dutch). 23 May 1977. p. 2
584:Verschuur, Paul (8 October 1989).
210:Royal Netherlands East Indies Army
14:
1929:Hostage taking in the Netherlands
1883:Bovensmilde school hostage crisis
1134:"Doorbraak in kaping; bemiddelen"
699:from the original on 17 July 2023
293:all the windows with newspapers.
1902:
1739:
1080:[Hijackers, where to?].
278:1977 Dutch school hostage crisis
187:counter-terrorist special forces
1964:1977 murders in the Netherlands
1746:Dutch train hostage crisis 1977
569:Kahin, George McTurnan (1952).
519:Terrorism in the European Union
239:at the Indonesian consulate at
94:23 May – 11 June 1977 (20 days)
1582:– via Google Newspapers.
1459:"Molukse kapers: 6 tot 9 jaar"
1313:– via Google Newspapers.
996:[Hijacking syndrome].
941:Special Forces: Untold Stories
827:Nieuwe Winterswijksche Courant
440:Freed hostages leave the train
313:Vlaardingen Oost metro station
218:Indonesian National Revolution
1:
1566:"Hostage Drama Sentences Set"
1215:Hoffman, Paul (7 June 1977).
200:, around 20 km (12 mi) away.
149:nationalists (9 perpetrators)
1758:Article in BBC "on this day"
677:Rule, Sheila (9 June 1989).
303:Bijzondere Bijstands Eenheid
262:Nederlandse Omroep Stichting
130:8 (including 6 perpetrators)
1714:. June 2021. Archived from
1030:(in Dutch). 15 October 2014
825:[Train Hijacking].
425:Lockheed F-104G Starfighter
317:1977 Dutch general election
1985:
393:People's Republic of Benin
336:Amsterdam Schiphol Airport
170:, Netherlands. At around 9
24:1977 Dutch train hijacking
1900:
1841:
937:"The Royal Dutch Marines"
467:De Punt (television film)
216:. However, following the
28:
626:(MA thesis) (in Dutch).
260:and the headquarters of
214:Republic of South Maluku
159:Republic of South Maluku
1876:De Punt train hijacking
1857:Wijster train hijacking
1629:Dagblad van het Noorden
1571:Spokane Daily Chronicle
902:(in Dutch). 29 May 2017
419:On 11 June 1977 at 4:54
196:at a primary school in
1833:hostage crises in the
1193:Reformatorisch Dagblad
514:List of hostage crises
441:
416:
384:, the future mayor of
351:
237:held 41 people hostage
194:took over 100 hostages
1748:at Wikimedia Commons
1520:(in Dutch). p. 3
1302:The Victoria Advocate
1204:– via Digibron.
439:
414:
349:
157:Establishment of the
1949:Hijackings in Europe
1636:on 19 September 2013
1554:– via Delpher.
1528:– via Delpher.
1501:– via Delpher.
1475:– via Delpher.
1447:– via Delpher.
1421:– via Delpher.
1395:– via Delpher.
1367:– via Delpher.
1339:– via Delpher.
1285:– via Delpher.
1259:– via Delpher.
1174:– via Delpher.
1148:– via Delpher.
1122:– via Delpher.
1094:– via Delpher.
1066:– via Delpher.
1010:– via Delpher.
982:– via Delpher.
954:– via YouTube.
837:– via Delpher.
774:– via Delpher.
594:. Associated Press.
1078:"Kapers, waarheen?"
309:Ministry of Justice
71: /
1969:Hijackings in 1977
1924:History of Drenthe
1688:. 20 November 2014
1384:Nederlands Dagblad
1329:Leeuwarder Courant
1221:The New York Times
1164:Leeuwarder Courant
994:"Kapings-syndroom"
763:Leeuwarder Courant
685:The New York Times
460:In popular culture
442:
417:
375:Annie Brouwer-Korf
352:
1911:
1910:
1744:Media related to
1662:. 16 October 2014
804:Google Newspapers
628:Leiden University
592:Los Angeles Times
551:978-16-145-1170-0
412:
164:
163:
1976:
1906:
1895:
1885:
1878:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1801:
1788:
1780:
1772:
1764:
1743:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1718:on 2 August 2024
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1491:Algemeen Dagblad
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1189:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1138:Algemeen Dagblad
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1083:Algemeen Dagblad
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
990:
984:
983:
981:
979:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
933:
912:
911:
909:
907:
890:
875:
874:
872:
870:
854:
839:
838:
836:
834:
819:
808:
807:
801:
799:
791:Nashua Telegraph
782:
776:
775:
773:
771:
754:
741:
740:
734:
732:
724:Limburgs Dagblad
715:
709:
708:
706:
704:
682:
674:
668:
667:
645:
639:
638:
636:
634:
617:
608:
607:
605:
603:
589:
581:
575:
574:
566:
560:
559:
535:
475:
446:prison sentences
422:
413:
383:
368:
330:
291:
233:hijacked a train
225:Soestdijk Palace
173:
86:
85:
83:
82:
81:
76:
75:53.117°N 6.600°E
72:
69:
68:
67:
64:
33:
21:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1898:
1888:
1881:
1871:
1862:
1855:
1845:
1837:
1828:
1786:
1778:
1770:
1762:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1721:
1719:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1604:on 16 July 2007
1598:NRC Handelsblad
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1496:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1356:NRC Handelsblad
1349:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1197:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1089:
1087:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1005:
1003:
992:
991:
987:
977:
975:
964:
963:
959:
949:
947:
935:
934:
915:
905:
903:
892:
891:
878:
868:
866:
856:
855:
842:
832:
830:
821:
820:
811:
797:
795:
784:
783:
779:
769:
767:
756:
755:
744:
730:
728:
717:
716:
712:
702:
700:
676:
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470: [
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363: [
356:negotiators
288:At around 9
227:and kidnap
198:Bovensmilde
181:pulled the
108:Attack type
78: /
53:Coordinates
1918:Categories
1787:(in Dutch)
1779:(in Dutch)
1771:(in Dutch)
1763:(in Dutch)
1712:Dutch News
1111:Het Parool
865:(in Dutch)
863:NPO Kennis
525:References
360:Hassan Tan
204:Background
1027:De Morgen
693:0362-4331
464:In 2009,
450:Red Cross
432:Aftermath
284:Hijacking
273:Groningen
254:town hall
241:The Hague
1954:Tynaarlo
1692:2 August
1686:NL Times
1666:2 August
1660:NL Times
1443:2 August
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1363:2 August
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697:Archived
633:1 August
596:Archived
493:See also
247:Planning
176:Moluccan
147:Moluccan
41:Location
1608:30 July
1578:31 July
1550:31 July
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978:31 July
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770:31 July
737:Delpher
731:31 July
703:31 July
602:31 July
386:Utrecht
168:De Punt
135:Injured
119:Weapons
45:De Punt
1722:1 June
1640:2 June
999:Amigoe
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479:Dutch-
421:
399:Rescue
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258:Smilde
172:
154:Motive
127:Deaths
99:Target
66:6°36′E
63:53°7′N
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1518:Trouw
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269:Assen
102:Train
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689:ISSN
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635:2024
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546:ISBN
481:and
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91:Date
945:TLC
899:NOS
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