212:, the established practice of relief from 1947 to 1992, the affected numbering plan area is divided into suitable parts, most often two, and assigned a new area code to one of the areas, while maintaining the existing area code in the other. The area that retained the code was most commonly the denser-populated or geographically or historically more significant part. This freed the telephone numbers already issued in the new area for use in the existing, now smaller, numbering plan area. This practice preserved seven-digit dialing in all affected areas.
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347:(CRTC) announced in August 2022 that all remaining Canadian non-overlay areas with seven-digit dialing, most of which use "988" as a central office code under their respective area codes, were required to convert to ten-digit dialing by May 31, 2023. A partial exception existed for the three northern territories served by
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required additional technology in all affected switching systems to recognize the local area codes and select the appropriate routing for local calls, even within the wire center. This eliminated the possibility of maintaining seven-digit dialing, and required the dialing of ten digits for all calls.
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The implementation and expansion of the North
American Numbering Plan between 1947 and 1992 preserved a long-standing practice in the United States and Canada that callers should only need to dial the local seven-digit telephone number when placing a call within the caller's exchange area or within
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in North Dakota will not be converted to ten-digit dialing because the 32 telephone numbers in the 988 central office were reassigned to another prefix. Several of these codes have subsequently been converted to overlay complexes and the implementation of such complexes could be expedited as the
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When the demand for telecommunication services in a numbering plan area threatens to exceed the capacity of telephone numbers of a single area code, the local public service agency and the
Federal Communications Commission initiate relief measures to mitigate the exhaustion, and assure continued
277:, the initial "1" is required even for local calls for landline phones located within an overlay complex or with a single NPA that also serves customers with a 988 NXX (see below). All cellphones in North America ignore this and only require the user to dial ten digits.
180:, callers dial the three-digit central office code and the four-digit station number of the destination telephone if it resides in the same numbering plan area. Dialing of an area code before the telephone number, referred to as ten-digit dialing, was only necessary for
244:, which were introduced as a means to reduce the inconveniences associated with the traditional method of splitting an area. However, overlay plans have become the primary relief method and ten-digit dialing has become increasingly common in the U.S. and Canada.
552:"Telecom Regulatory Policy CRTC 2022-234: Introduction of 9-8-8 as the three-digit abbreviated dialing code for mental health crisis and suicide prevention services and Northwestel Inc.'s application for modified implementation of ten-digit local dialing"
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NANPA Planning Letter 544 cites 83 area codes affected in 37 states. Three additional area codes were already transitioning to ten-digit dialing as the result of overlay implementations. Central office code 988 was in the process of discontinuation for
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before the area code is most often required only for long-distance calls. Some telephone systems in early overlay areas do not accept a "1" before the area code for local calls; all
Canadian landlines follow this pattern. However, in metropolitan
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Consumer groups and some state regulators, such as the
Illinois Commerce Commission and Citizens Utility Board for northwest Chicago, and the NYS Public Service Commission in NYC, opposed the requirement with attempts at litigation.
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Long-distance calls within a numbering plan area may also require dialing of an extra digit. Eleven digits for toll calls became standard in all of North
America by the end of 1994 to allow introduction of
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area (which contains the 988 exchange) was required to convert, with seven-digit dialing remaining optional elsewhere in the region due in part to unique geographical and cultural considerations.
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191:, where possible, to ensure the same seven-digit local number was not assigned in two different area codes in the same city to assure seven-digit dialing in the entire community.
228:(SPC), which reduced the need for electromechanical extensions of the switching fabric. This made it possible to assign multiple area codes to a single numbering plan area. An
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A few area codes not part of any overlay complex nonetheless require ten-digit dialing if part of the local calling area is within an overlay complex. For example, the
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required ten-digit dialing of telephone numbers with area codes in the United States that were not overlaid, but had an assignment of the central office prefix
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Some communities with significant parts on both sides of an area code boundary implemented
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The added effort in remembering and dialing longer numbers damaged the popularity of
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By 1992, a new method of relief became available from the proliferation of
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As part of Canada's implementation of a national 9-8-8 hotline, the
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453:"Ten-digit dialing takes effect Feb. 1 for all local callers"
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service with minimal customer impact in the affected areas.
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389:"The 10- or 11-Digit Local Call Fosters Anxiety and Shrugs"
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455:(Press release). Brandenburg Telephone. January 9, 2014
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Area codes (in blue) affected in the lower 48 states.
340:transition to ten-digit dialing was not necessary.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
575:NANPA report of NPAs requiring ten-digit dialing
480:. Federal Communications Commission. 2020-07-16
335:. While included in the list of 83 area codes,
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139:(NANP). It is the practice of including the
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529:. North Dakota Public Services Commission
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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403:"Days are numbered for 7-digit dialing"
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176:the home numbering plan area (NPA). In
281:Ten-digit dialing in non-overlay areas
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325:National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
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421:"11-digit dialing due for everyone"
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317:Federal Communications Commission
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522:Schock, Victor (2020-12-18).
365:List of country calling codes
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54:improve this article
550:(August 31, 2022).
504:. NANPA. 2020-08-14
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441:. Verizon.
376:References
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287:Fort Knox
141:area code
584:Category
359:See also
294:Kentucky
292:base in
260:Dialing
459:May 22,
271:Chicago
171:History
149:dialing
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