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148:. Historian Elizabeth Nash reports that, "Berber mercenaries from North Africa stationed in Córdoba rebelled and sacked Medina Azahara, hauled down its columns, horseshoe arches and soaring vaults, demolished its elaborate water channels, bathhouses and aqueducts, plundered the ruins, then set fire to them."
231:"By 1013 the power of Córdoba was broken and the Umayyad pretenders who struggled for the title of caliph from 1013 to 1031 had neither the military backing nor the resources to extend their transient power."
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They took control of the
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completely destroyed. The siege, and the massacres and sacking that followed have been linked to the decline and end of
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During the sacks, Córdoba was looted and its Arab citizens were massacred, including many Jews. Prominent Jews in Córdoba, such as
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Codex
Judaica: Chronological index of Jewish history, covering 5,764 years of Biblical, Talmudic & post-Talmudic history
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Righteous victims: a history of the
Zionist-Arab conflict, 1881-2001
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Benny Morris cites the killing of approximately two thousands Jews
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Timeline of the Muslim presence in the
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