113:. It enables fair competition between boats that rate in the class whilst retaining the freedom to experiment with the details of their designs. The designation "12 Metre" does not refer to any single measurement on the boat, and is not referencing the vessels overall length, rather, measures the sum of the components directed by the formula which governs design and construction parameters. Typically 12 Metre class boats range from 65 to 75 feet (about 20 to 23 m) in length overall; they are most often
1812:
1721:
1663:
1603:
1634:
1575:
1548:
1122:
1065:
2340:
2321:
2282:
2265:
2248:
2228:
2188:
2169:
2059:
2019:
1919:
1879:
1853:
1836:
1754:
1692:
152:, and then over the top on the opposite side back to the original side). The measurements are then weighted in the formula. For example, the present formula takes the square root of the sail area rather than total area. The combination of weighted measurements must be less than or equal to 12 metres. Designers are free to change any of the component variables, as well as other details, such as the size of the
2405:
2385:
2359:
2149:
2124:
1303:
1429:
1359:
1193:
35:
174:
intended to be comprehensive enough to eliminate loop holes which could result in an extreme design which conformed to the 12 Metre rule but completely outclassed other contemporary designs on the race course. If the rules were considered to be too loose then it would discourage the building of new 12 Metre yachts for fear of a new boat being outclassed even before it was launched.
190:
2425:
2104:
1994:
1974:
2039:
1899:
1248:
2302:
2207:
2084:
1954:
1783:
849:
49:
941:
Potential restorers of older boats who wanted to race were potentially faced with a dilemma of whether to restore a boat to its original specification or make modifications to make an older design competitive with a newer design. For example, a yacht designed under the First
International Rule would
933:
12 Metre yachts were used for the last time in
America's Cup competition at the 1987 event held in Fremantle, Australia. 12 Metres continued to race together on a local basis but due to the high cost and without the impetus and prestige surrounding competition in the America's Cup, no new boats have
156:
and keel, so long as the corresponding changes elsewhere produce an ultimate sum of 12 metres and the resulting boat is both seaworthy and safe. Though disparity between boats are minimized by the rule, enough variation exists so that races are as much about design and construction as they are about
2604:
was one of the first racing yachts to use appendages on the keel, which allowed the yacht to point higher, sail faster and be quicker in stays. The keel design also allowed a reduction in weight in the keel which then allowed other beneficial changes in the measured dimensions which resulted in a
839:
Associated with the formula is an extremely comprehensive set of rules, which can be classified into two main areas: safety, and ensuring competitive racing. For example, the maximum total area of all cockpits is specified to minimise the chance of a boat being swamped in rougher seas. Structural
173:
The purpose of the
Formula and rules was to encourage designer's creativity to optimize designs to get the best overall performance when racing while still maintaining competitive racing postures between different designs. Although the Formula and Rules allowed for some creativity they were also
961:
To encourage participation in racing and also engage the restoration process which remained true to the spirit of the original design, the 12 Metre class association introduced a handicapping system to allow 12 Metres of all ages to race together on a more equal footing. The basis is a handicap
1022:
belong to the
Antique division. In the early 21st century interest in ownership and restoration of 12 Metres was such that specialist restoration companies would speculatively locate old boats under threat of destruction and publicize the availability in order to attract the funding for a full
937:
The latter part of the 20th century saw a big revival in interest in classic yachts including 12 Metre yachts and particularly those of wooden construction. There was an increasing number of prestigious regattas in attractive locations such as the
Mediterranean and the Caribbean. Also, a more
177:
The Rules were typically updated in response to advances in areas such as material technology (e.g. metal masts versus wooden masts), design technology (e.g. use of the wind tunnel to design sails and sail/mast combinations, advances in fluid dynamics), and equipment (e.g. winch technology).
840:
requirements are specified to ensure that strength is not sacrificed by the need to get weight low down in the keel. Materials are specified plus numerous other details concerning all aspects of the boat. The intention is to challenge designers but ensure competitive racing.
1007:
which is in Period B by virtue of its skeg mounted rudder design. Divisions D (Vintage) & E (Antique) are the remaining 2 Divisions based on the year of construction including
Antique (most of which are in fact gaff rigged). Older sloop-rigged yachts like
2617:, and the third 12 Metre to be made from fibreglass. Sister yachts KZ-3 and KZ-5 did not compete at the 1987 America's Cup but took part in the 1986 World Championships in Perth. KZ-7 went on to win the 1988 World Championship in Sardinia. Nicknamed the "
299:
548:
741:
979:(US 61), also fits into this category, even though its keel structure is different from the standard winged keel of the class. It is also the only 12 Metre to have a "canard" or rudder mounted forward of the keel.
1520:
139:
Competitiveness between boats in the class is maintained by requiring the boats to be in compliance with the 12 Metre formula. Designers and builders are required to take into account such things as the
4135:
965:
A 12 Metre is classified as belonging to one of three periods. Each Period is defined as a range of dates which coincided with a particular type of keel or rudder design becoming widespread.
125:
121:
969:
Division A:- Also called Grand Prix, this subclass starts when winged keels became the norm. It covers all 12 Metre yachts built with winged keels and all constructed after 1983.
1513:
1421:
1351:
1185:
1057:
4130:
2885:
3784:
1506:
833:
811:
789:
767:
662:
640:
618:
596:
574:
452:
427:
401:
376:
351:
325:
2819:
4105:
4440:
1126:
1069:
962:
applied to each boat according to the 'era' of its design to encourage owners to restore older boats and participate in exciting and sociable racing.
209:
3576:
472:
2878:
679:
2795:
2726:
2672:
3777:
3520:
2835:
902:
is currently owned and raced by the
Sceptre Preservation Society. Alexander Robertson and Sons Ltd also built two of the earliest 12-Metres:
4679:
4516:
4125:
992:
is considered the first Modern even though it was built in 1967 since it was the first 12 Metre to use a skeg mounted rudder. It excludes
922:
170:
The
Formula and associated rules for designing and constructing 12 Metre yachts has been modified several times from inception in racing.
1307:
129:
2558:(K 17), the British challenger for the America's Cup in 1958, is believed to be the only UK challenger still sailing in British waters.
1433:
1363:
1252:
1197:
1077:
907:
2701:
938:
prosperous global economy prevailed and the result was an increasing number of restorations and racing of older 'classic' 12 Metres.
2894:
2871:
2844:
4669:
4641:
3770:
4140:
3636:
3379:
4471:
86:
4098:
4608:
4603:
4580:
3935:
1383:
891:
4593:
4491:
4005:
3646:
2814:
110:
986:
mounted rudder separated from the keel became the norm. It includes all 12 Metres built during the period 1968 - 1983.
2647:
1493:
1095:
3485:
132:
but few boats participated in these events. The 12 Metre class boats are best known as the boat design used in the
3510:
2480:
had numerous innovative features including a trim tab on the rudder, two-speed winches and a lighter mast made of
4091:
3495:
1168:
1152:
3980:
3686:
3651:
3595:
3207:
3187:
3016:
2492:
came to the UK and won 19 races out of 28. The next generations of 12 Metres designed and built 20 years after
1148:
3641:
4674:
4509:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
3793:
3561:
2907:
2585:
2451:
1107:
3566:
2045:
1905:
4450:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
2622:
2614:
2499:
2468:
1229:
1111:
1091:
3556:
2411:
2365:
1760:
4526:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
3626:
3590:
2573:
2549:
2194:
1260:
1103:
884:. The UK challenger was selected based on model tank testing and David Boyd's second design was chosen.
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4161:
4156:
3500:
2634:
2629:
2593:
2346:
2234:
1399:
1387:
3247:
2431:
1845:
4633:
4598:
3970:
3671:
3147:
1609:
1581:
1296:
1172:
1082:
877:
455:
3711:
2110:
2000:
1980:
1885:
975:, launched in 1982, was the first wing keeled 12 Metre so is considered the first of this division.
4521:
3940:
3616:
3490:
3001:
2792:
2680:
2476:
who considered the possibilities given by every aspect of the rules and produced a very fast boat.
2213:
2090:
1960:
1866:
1862:
1669:
1371:
2155:
1591:
4664:
4025:
4020:
3995:
3985:
3960:
3505:
3464:
3439:
3297:
3287:
3106:
3041:
2996:
2522:
2391:
2327:
2065:
1818:
1164:
1144:
3177:
946:, and sails made of cotton; whereas yachts designed under the Third International Rule, such as
3721:
2845:
https://archive.today/20121208213332/http://www.columbiatrading.com/cgi-bin/columbia/30590.html
2735:
2488:
is considered a benchmark design which was continually refined over her racing career. In 1939
4366:
3965:
3546:
3469:
3167:
3071:
3011:
2831:
2130:
1391:
1319:
1272:
1268:
1213:
1160:
4625:
4481:
4476:
4361:
4114:
3955:
3515:
3277:
3031:
3026:
2618:
2569:
2515:
1619:
1403:
1395:
1379:
1375:
1331:
1139:
1003:
988:
881:
854:
328:
133:
120:
The first 12 Metres were built in 1907. The 12 Metre class was used in the
Olympic Games of
4586:
4015:
3945:
3449:
3282:
3116:
3101:
3046:
3006:
2799:
1237:
1134:
886:
354:
55:
1327:
4445:
3930:
3925:
3900:
3895:
3837:
3197:
3182:
3096:
3061:
2991:
2940:
1828:
1727:
1640:
1595:
1473:
1449:
1339:
1323:
1292:
1217:
1209:
1001:
Division C (Classic):- All other 12 Metre class yachts built before 1968 but excluding
818:
796:
774:
752:
647:
625:
603:
581:
559:
437:
412:
386:
361:
336:
310:
4658:
4499:
4072:
4010:
3975:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3706:
3631:
3424:
3414:
3051:
2986:
2966:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2898:
2565:
2473:
2308:
1858:
1737:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1335:
1315:
1284:
1280:
1233:
1099:
870:
3842:
3827:
3807:
3691:
3551:
3363:
3358:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2945:
2915:
2580:
2175:
1441:
1241:
1225:
1221:
1156:
994:
971:
915:
862:
148:
and the boat girth (the measurement around the boat from one sideboard, under the
4462:
3741:
3419:
3318:
3066:
3056:
2589:
1841:
1276:
1264:
1205:
1115:
951:
866:
379:
2605:
yacht optimized for the conditions on the race course at
Newport, Rhode Island.
34:
4056:
4035:
4000:
3746:
3701:
3656:
3525:
3394:
3389:
3338:
2597:
2527:
2025:
1925:
1789:
1698:
1288:
1087:
1018:
404:
294:{\displaystyle {\frac {L+B+G/3+3d+{\sqrt {S}}/3-F}{2}}\leq 12{\mbox{ metres}}}
195:
189:
17:
4371:
3910:
3905:
3865:
3736:
3600:
3292:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3192:
3142:
3036:
2652:
2530:
in 1977). The last of the S&S designed 12s to win the America's Cup was
2481:
543:{\displaystyle {\frac {L+G/4+2d+{\sqrt {S}}-F}{2.5}}\leq 12{\mbox{ metres}}}
430:
145:
2863:
3762:
848:
199:
won silver at the 1912 Summer Olympics in 12 Metre class (1907 rule boat).
4504:
4083:
4051:
3920:
3890:
3847:
3681:
3676:
3585:
3444:
3434:
3429:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3328:
3267:
3252:
3172:
3162:
2950:
943:
869:, more economical vessels were desired to replace the huge and expensive
736:{\displaystyle {\frac {L+2d+{\sqrt {S}}-F}{2.37}}\leq 12{\mbox{ metres}}}
2496:
was launched still found Vim extremely difficult to beat in competition.
3950:
3915:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3731:
3726:
3716:
3696:
3666:
3661:
3384:
3348:
3343:
3323:
3313:
3157:
3152:
3121:
3081:
3076:
2734:. London: British Olympic Association. pp. 339–354. Archived from
2596:. The boat that ended the longest winning streak in sport. Designed by
3990:
3832:
3621:
3530:
3459:
3272:
3202:
3126:
2935:
2707:. World Sailing / International 12-Metre Association. 1 November 2018
955:
153:
998:, built in 1982, which is in Period A due to its winged keel design.
48:
3454:
3353:
3333:
3111:
3091:
3086:
2815:
History of 12 Metre Class and list of all US 12 Metre yachts built
847:
188:
114:
95:
2810:
Trivia 12 Metre Restoration: 12 Metre yachts built the world wide
4562:
4557:
4550:
4545:
4538:
4533:
4030:
3751:
3262:
3257:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3021:
2609:
2503:
983:
910:, 1907), which represented Finland in the 1912 Summer Olympics;
149:
141:
109:
is a rating class for racing sailboats that are designed to the
4087:
3766:
2867:
2849:
2760:
873:
that were raced in the 1930s; the 12 Metre class was selected.
3866:
Ton classes (0–½, ½–1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–10, 10–20, 20 & Open)
2804:
921:
In 1987, use of the 12 Metre class was ended, switching to
894:
on 2 April 1958, but lost to the New York Yacht Club yacht
2464:(US 5) - The oldest American 12 Metre yachts still intact.
2502:
designed five successful America's Cup defenders for the
669:
Third rating rule, and, from 1956, the America's Cup rule
2526:
won in 1974 and 1977 (skippered by Ted Hood in 1974 and
2857:
880:
syndicate was formed to build a 12 Metre for the 1958
727:
534:
285:
2809:
2637:. The fastest heavy weather 12 Metre boat ever built.
2484:(a form of aluminium used in the aircraft industry).
1497:
1036:
821:
799:
777:
755:
682:
650:
628:
606:
584:
562:
475:
440:
415:
389:
364:
339:
313:
212:
2761:"Sceptre K 17: The British America's Cup Challenger"
4617:
4573:
4490:
4459:
4358:
4149:
4065:
4044:
3856:
3800:
3609:
3575:
3539:
3478:
3372:
3306:
3135:
2959:
2905:
85:
77:
69:
64:
827:
805:
783:
761:
735:
656:
634:
612:
590:
568:
542:
446:
421:
395:
370:
345:
319:
293:
2805:The International Twelve Metre Association (ITMA)
2572:in 1962, and is also sailing and racing today in
117:-rigged, with masts roughly 85 feet (26 m) tall.
861:The America's Cup racing resumed in 1958 after
791:= difference between skin girth and chain girth
620:= difference between skin girth and chain girth
2826:Luigi Lang, Dyer Jones & Jan Slee (2010).
2728:The Fourth Olympiad, Being the Official Report
4099:
3778:
2879:
1514:
8:
2776:The America's Cup 1987: The Official Record
1016:fit into the Vintage category, yachts like
4106:
4092:
4084:
3785:
3771:
3763:
2886:
2872:
2864:
1521:
1507:
29:
820:
798:
776:
754:
726:
701:
683:
681:
649:
627:
605:
583:
561:
533:
508:
488:
476:
474:
439:
414:
388:
363:
338:
312:
284:
258:
251:
231:
213:
211:
2702:"International Twelve Metre Class Rule"
2664:
2548:are still sailing and racing today in
2520:won the 1967 and 1970 America's Cups.
2510:, winner of the 1958 Cup, followed by
2351:
2332:
2291:
2274:
2257:
2239:
2199:
2180:
2070:
2030:
1930:
1890:
1645:
1586:
1557:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1500:
1121:
1064:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
7:
2820:Sparkman & Stephens: The Twelves
982:Division B (Modern):- Starts when a
181:The Rule has four distinct periods:
1765:
1703:
3540:World Sailing kiteboarding classes
27:International racing sailing class
25:
2960:World Sailing centreboard classes
2613:(KZ 7) "Kiwi Magic" Runner-up in
1823:
1732:
1674:
923:International America's Cup Class
4642:The Billionaire and the Mechanic
3479:World Sailing windsurfer classes
2793:12 Metre Specifications and Year
2423:
2403:
2383:
2357:
2338:
2319:
2300:
2280:
2263:
2246:
2226:
2205:
2186:
2167:
2147:
2122:
2102:
2082:
2057:
2037:
2017:
1992:
1972:
1952:
1917:
1897:
1877:
1851:
1834:
1810:
1781:
1752:
1719:
1690:
1661:
1632:
1601:
1573:
1546:
1427:
1357:
1301:
1246:
1191:
1120:
1063:
934:been built since 1987 save one.
925:boats for the 1992 competition.
47:
33:
3373:World Sailing multihull classes
2436:
2416:
2396:
2370:
2160:
2135:
2115:
2005:
1985:
1302:
3136:World Sailing keelboat classes
2725:Cook, Theodore Andrea (1908).
2050:
1910:
1614:
1428:
1358:
1247:
1192:
892:Alexander Robertson & Sons
852:Two time America's Cup winner
1:
3936:French National Monotype 1924
2313:
2218:
2095:
1965:
1794:
144:area, the boat length at the
4594:Louis Vuitton Pacific Series
4141:History of the America's Cup
3610:Former World Sailing classes
2673:"12 Metre Class Yacht CYGNE"
2568:, successfully defended the
890:was launched at the yard of
4680:Development sailing classes
4359:Challenger Selection Series
3307:World Sailing yacht classes
2648:Square Metre Rule (sailing)
1494:12 Metre World Championship
4696:
4609:Italy at the America's Cup
4460:Defender Selection Series
2449:
1491:
4131:Challengers and defenders
4121:
1940:
92:
46:
32:
3931:Skerry cruiser 40 m
3926:Skerry cruiser 30 m
3208:International One Design
769:= waterline length (LWL)
673:Used from 1933 onwards:
668:
576:= waterline length (LWL)
466:Used from 1920 to 1933.
157:seamanship and tactics.
4670:Olympic sailing classes
3859:(In order of first use)
3794:Olympic sailing classes
2822:(Technical explanation)
2500:Sparkman & Stephens
2452:List of 12-metre yachts
1481:No further competitors
1478:No further competitors
1411:No further competitors
1408:No further competitors
1177:No further competition
203:Used from 1907 to 1920
4369:(1983–2017 & 2024)
3579:remote-control classes
3562:IKA Twin Top Freestyle
2828:The Twelve Metre Class
2633:(US 55) Winner of the
2630:Stars & Stripes 87
2615:1987 Louis Vuitton Cup
2472:: Designed in 1939 by
954:, and sails made from
865:by a syndicate led by
858:
829:
807:
785:
763:
737:
658:
636:
614:
592:
570:
544:
448:
423:
397:
372:
347:
321:
295:
200:
4136:Competing yacht clubs
3567:IKA Twin Top Kitefoil
2046:Wright on White - KZ3
1906:Wright on White - KZ3
876:In September 1956, a
851:
830:
808:
786:
764:
738:
659:
637:
615:
593:
571:
545:
449:
424:
403:= difference between
398:
373:
348:
322:
296:
192:
166:The formula and rules
4599:Louis Vuitton Trophy
4066:Former youth classes
3672:Farr Maxi One Design
2853:Preservation Society
2774:Fisher, Bob (1987).
1384:Lauritz Christiansen
1169:C. Macleod Robertson
950:, had a metal mast,
942:have a wooden mast,
878:Royal Yacht Squadron
819:
797:
775:
753:
680:
648:
626:
604:
582:
560:
473:
438:
413:
387:
362:
337:
311:
210:
87:Former Olympic class
3617:11:Metre One Design
3557:IKA Twin Top Racing
3491:Formula Windsurfing
2858:http://www.12mr.de/
1942:no champion decided
1863:John Edwin Bertrand
1488:World Championships
1161:T. A. R. Littledale
928:
898:in September 1958.
843:
136:from 1958 to 1987.
59:, third rating rule
53:The 12 Metre yacht
4021:Mistral One Design
3486:Formula Experience
3440:Nacra F18 Infusion
2830:. ltyachting.com.
2798:2017-07-03 at the
2741:on 16 January 2013
2635:1987 America's Cup
2594:1983 America's Cup
2592:boat that won the
1400:Kristian Østervold
929:Post-America's Cup
859:
825:
803:
781:
759:
733:
731:
654:
632:
610:
588:
566:
540:
538:
462:Second rating rule
444:
419:
393:
368:
343:
317:
291:
289:
201:
111:International rule
73:1907 (rule design)
4652:
4651:
4604:AC45 World Series
4367:Louis Vuitton Cup
4226:
4081:
4080:
3976:12 m Sharpie
3760:
3759:
3662:Farr 30 (Mumm 30)
3521:Speed Windsurfing
2837:978-88-95171-22-7
2677:www.12mrclass.com
2619:Plastic Fantastic
2443:
2442:
2235:New Zealand - KZ3
1686:1987 Porto Cervo
1628:1984 Porto Cervo
1485:
1484:
1320:Ferdinand Alfthan
1214:Eilert Falch-Lund
908:Thomas Glen-Coats
828:{\displaystyle F}
806:{\displaystyle S}
784:{\displaystyle d}
762:{\displaystyle L}
730:
718:
706:
657:{\displaystyle F}
635:{\displaystyle S}
613:{\displaystyle d}
591:{\displaystyle G}
569:{\displaystyle L}
537:
525:
513:
447:{\displaystyle F}
422:{\displaystyle S}
396:{\displaystyle d}
371:{\displaystyle G}
346:{\displaystyle B}
320:{\displaystyle L}
288:
276:
256:
185:First rating rule
103:
102:
81:Development class
16:(Redirected from
4687:
4362:Herbert Pell Cup
4224:
4108:
4101:
4094:
4085:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3764:
3032:International FJ
3027:International 14
2888:
2881:
2874:
2865:
2860:Trivia (Norsaga)
2841:
2780:
2779:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2706:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2679:. Archived from
2669:
2621:". Skippered by
2506:. The first was
2438:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2418:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2372:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2353:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2315:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2293:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2241:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2220:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2137:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2117:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2097:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2072:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2052:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2007:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1967:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1932:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1912:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1846:Cameron Appleton
1840:
1838:
1837:
1825:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1796:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1777:1999 St.-Tropez
1767:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1734:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1705:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1676:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1647:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1620:Terry McLaughlin
1616:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1559:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1498:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1424:
1380:Rasmus Birkeland
1376:Halvor Birkeland
1372:Henrik Østervold
1369:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1258:
1250:
1249:
1203:
1195:
1194:
1188:
1137: (helmsman)
1132:
1124:
1123:
1080: (helmsman)
1078:T. C. Glen-Coats
1075:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1037:
834:
832:
831:
826:
812:
810:
809:
804:
790:
788:
787:
782:
768:
766:
765:
760:
742:
740:
739:
734:
732:
728:
719:
714:
707:
702:
684:
663:
661:
660:
655:
641:
639:
638:
633:
619:
617:
616:
611:
597:
595:
594:
589:
575:
573:
572:
567:
549:
547:
546:
541:
539:
535:
526:
521:
514:
509:
492:
477:
453:
451:
450:
445:
428:
426:
425:
420:
402:
400:
399:
394:
377:
375:
374:
369:
352:
350:
349:
344:
329:waterline length
326:
324:
323:
318:
300:
298:
297:
292:
290:
286:
277:
272:
262:
257:
252:
235:
214:
96:edit on Wikidata
51:
37:
30:
21:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4648:
4613:
4569:
4486:
4461:
4455:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4145:
4117:
4112:
4082:
4077:
4061:
4040:
3981:Flying Dutchman
3858:
3852:
3801:Current classes
3796:
3791:
3761:
3756:
3605:
3571:
3535:
3474:
3445:Nacra 20 Carbon
3368:
3302:
3131:
3017:Flying Dutchman
2955:
2908:Olympic classes
2901:
2892:
2838:
2825:
2800:Wayback Machine
2789:
2784:
2783:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2686:
2684:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2661:
2644:
2454:
2448:
2424:
2422:
2404:
2402:
2384:
2382:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2301:
2299:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2227:
2225:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2148:
2146:
2123:
2121:
2103:
2101:
2083:
2081:
2078:2014 Barcelona
2058:
2056:
2038:
2036:
2018:
2016:
1993:
1991:
1973:
1971:
1953:
1951:
1948:2008 Flensburg
1918:
1916:
1898:
1896:
1878:
1876:
1865:
1861:
1852:
1850:
1844:
1835:
1833:
1827:
1819:South Australia
1811:
1809:
1782:
1780:
1753:
1751:
1748:1991 San Diego
1736:
1720:
1718:
1691:
1689:
1662:
1660:
1657:1986 Fremantle
1633:
1631:
1618:
1602:
1600:
1594:
1590:
1574:
1572:
1547:
1545:
1528:
1527:
1496:
1490:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1240:
1238:Christian Staib
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1184:
1183:
1182:1912 Stockholm
1173:J. F. D. Spence
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1130:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1056:
1055:
1035:
1030:
931:
846:
817:
816:
795:
794:
773:
772:
751:
750:
685:
678:
677:
671:
646:
645:
624:
623:
602:
601:
580:
579:
558:
557:
478:
471:
470:
464:
436:
435:
411:
410:
407:and chain girth
385:
384:
360:
359:
335:
334:
309:
308:
215:
208:
207:
187:
168:
163:
99:
60:
42:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4693:
4691:
4683:
4682:
4677:
4675:12-metre class
4672:
4667:
4657:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4638:
4630:
4621:
4619:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4583:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4502:
4496:
4494:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4377:
4375:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4088:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4048:
4046:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3901:18 foot dinghy
3898:
3896:12 foot dinghy
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3857:Former classes
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3712:Mistral Junior
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3183:Flying Fifteen
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2941:Laser Standard
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2903:
2902:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2855:
2847:
2842:
2836:
2823:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2788:
2787:External links
2785:
2782:
2781:
2766:
2752:
2717:
2693:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2626:
2606:
2577:
2564:, designed by
2559:
2553:
2497:
2465:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2420:
2400:
2380:
2379:2021 Helsinki
2376:
2375:
2296:
2271:American Eagle
2223:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2119:
2099:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2054:
2034:
2014:
2010:
2009:
1989:
1969:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1914:
1894:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1848:
1831:
1829:Russell Coutts
1807:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1728:Kookaburra III
1716:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1598:
1596:Harold Cudmore
1570:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1543:
1542:1979 Brighton
1539:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1501:
1492:Main article:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:Christen Wiese
1450:Martin Borthen
1425:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1392:Halvor Mögster
1355:
1343:
1342:
1324:Pekka Hartvall
1299:
1297:Hugo Sällström
1293:Erik Lindqvist
1273:Kurt Bergström
1269:Dick Bergström
1244:
1218:Halfdan Hansen
1210:Nils Bertelsen
1189:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1153:W. P. Davidson
1118:
1108:John Mackenzie
1061:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
999:
980:
930:
927:
871:J-class yachts
845:
842:
837:
836:
824:
814:
802:
792:
780:
770:
758:
744:
743:
725:
722:
717:
713:
710:
705:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
670:
667:
666:
665:
653:
643:
631:
621:
609:
599:
587:
577:
565:
551:
550:
532:
529:
524:
520:
517:
512:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
491:
487:
484:
481:
463:
460:
459:
458:
443:
433:
418:
408:
392:
382:
367:
357:
342:
332:
316:
302:
301:
283:
280:
275:
271:
268:
265:
261:
255:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
234:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
186:
183:
167:
164:
162:
159:
107:12 Metre class
101:
100:
93:
90:
89:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
62:
61:
52:
44:
43:
38:
26:
24:
18:12 meter class
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4692:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4634:The Wind Gods
4631:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4616:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4544:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4489:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4458:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4116:
4115:America's Cup
4109:
4104:
4102:
4097:
4095:
4090:
4089:
4086:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4045:Youth classes
4043:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4011:Lechner A-390
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3776:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3707:Lechner A-390
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3425:Hobie Wildcat
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:Hobie Dragoon
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:Hansa Liberty
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2899:World Sailing
2896:
2889:
2884:
2882:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2753:
2737:
2730:
2729:
2721:
2718:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2683:on 2017-07-03
2682:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:Chris Dickson
2620:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2571:
2570:America's Cup
2567:
2566:Philip Rhodes
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2512:Constellation
2509:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2474:Olin Stephens
2471:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2460:(US 6) &
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2445:
2434:
2433:
2421:
2414:
2413:
2401:
2394:
2393:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2349:
2348:
2330:
2329:
2311:
2310:
2309:Kookaburra II
2297:
2295:
2289:
2272:
2255:
2237:
2236:
2224:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2197:
2196:
2178:
2177:
2158:
2157:
2145:
2143:2019 Newport
2142:
2141:
2133:
2132:
2120:
2113:
2112:
2100:
2093:
2092:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2068:
2067:
2066:U.S.A. - US61
2055:
2048:
2047:
2035:
2028:
2027:
2015:
2013:2009 Newport
2012:
2011:
2003:
2002:
1990:
1983:
1982:
1970:
1963:
1962:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1915:
1908:
1907:
1895:
1888:
1887:
1875:
1873:2005 Newport
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:Cole Lissiman
1864:
1860:
1859:United States
1849:
1847:
1843:
1832:
1830:
1821:
1820:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1792:
1791:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1763:
1762:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1738:Peter Gilmour
1730:
1729:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1701:
1700:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1672:
1671:
1670:Australia III
1659:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1643:
1642:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1571:
1569:1982 Newport
1568:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1555:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1487:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:Egill Reimers
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:Kaspar Hassel
1451:
1447:
1446:Arthur Allers
1443:
1435:
1426:
1423:
1416:1920 Antwerp
1415:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1404:Ole Østervold
1401:
1397:
1396:Jan Østervold
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1365:
1356:
1353:
1346:1920 Antwerp
1345:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1336:Eino Sandelin
1333:
1332:Sigurd Juslén
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:Ernst Krogius
1309:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:Sigurd Kander
1282:
1281:Folke Johnson
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1254:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:Petter Larsen
1231:
1230:Alfred Larsen
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1190:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1165:C. R. MacIver
1162:
1158:
1157:J. F. Jellico
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1128:
1127:Great Britain
1119:
1117:
1113:
1112:Albert Martin
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1092:John Buchanan
1089:
1084:
1079:
1071:
1070:Great Britain
1062:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1038:
1032:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1000:
997:
996:
991:
990:
985:
981:
978:
974:
973:
968:
967:
966:
963:
959:
957:
953:
949:
945:
939:
935:
926:
924:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
888:
883:
882:America's Cup
879:
874:
872:
868:
864:
857:
856:
850:
844:America's Cup
841:
822:
815:
800:
793:
778:
771:
756:
749:
748:
747:
723:
720:
715:
711:
708:
703:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
676:
675:
674:
651:
644:
629:
622:
607:
600:
598:= chain girth
585:
578:
563:
556:
555:
554:
530:
527:
522:
518:
515:
510:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
489:
485:
482:
479:
469:
468:
467:
461:
457:
441:
434:
432:
416:
409:
406:
390:
383:
381:
365:
358:
356:
340:
333:
330:
314:
307:
306:
305:
281:
278:
273:
269:
266:
263:
259:
253:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
232:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
206:
205:
204:
198:
197:
191:
184:
182:
179:
175:
171:
165:
160:
158:
155:
151:
147:
143:
137:
135:
134:America's Cup
131:
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
97:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
63:
58:
57:
50:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
4640:
4632:
4624:
4585:
4126:Deed of Gift
3885:
3843:Laser Radial
3828:Formula Kite
3652:Division III
3552:Formula Kite
2946:Laser Radial
2850:
2827:
2775:
2769:
2755:
2743:. Retrieved
2736:the original
2727:
2720:
2709:. Retrieved
2696:
2685:. Retrieved
2681:the original
2676:
2667:
2628:
2608:
2602:Australia II
2601:
2581:Australia II
2579:
2561:
2555:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2477:
2467:
2461:
2457:
2430:
2410:
2390:
2364:
2345:
2326:
2307:
2298:
2287:
2270:
2253:
2244:
2233:
2212:
2193:
2176:Challenge 12
2174:
2165:
2156:Legacy - KZ5
2154:
2129:
2109:
2089:
2064:
2044:
2024:
1999:
1979:
1959:
1941:
1938:2007 Cannes
1924:
1904:
1886:Hissar - KZ5
1884:
1817:
1788:
1759:
1726:
1697:
1668:
1639:
1608:
1592:Phil Crebbin
1580:
1553:
1442:Johan Friele
1328:Jarl Hulldén
1261:Nils Persson
1242:Carl Thaulow
1226:Magnus Konow
1222:Arnfinn Heje
1149:James Baxter
1142: (mate)
1140:J. G. Kenion
1104:David Dunlop
1100:A. D. Downes
1096:J. C. Bunten
1085: (mate)
1083:J. H. Downes
1023:restoration.
1017:
1013:
1009:
1002:
995:Australia II
993:
987:
976:
972:Australia II
970:
964:
960:
947:
940:
936:
932:
920:
916:Alfred Mylne
911:
903:
899:
895:
885:
875:
863:World War II
860:
853:
838:
745:
729: metres
672:
552:
536: metres
465:
303:
287: metres
202:
194:
180:
176:
172:
169:
138:
119:
106:
104:
54:
40:Class symbol
39:
4465:(1992–1995)
4463:Citizen Cup
4364:(1958–1980)
4225:(postponed)
4006:Division II
3742:Ultimate 20
3647:Division II
3420:Hobie Tiger
3319:ClubSwan 50
3062:O'PEN Skiff
3057:Musto Skiff
2610:New Zealand
2590:winged keel
2412:Blue Marlin
2366:Blue Marlin
1842:New Zealand
1806:2001 Cowes
1761:New Zealand
1715:1988 Luleå
1641:Victory '83
1582:Victory '82
1340:Johan Silén
1277:Hugo Clason
1265:Per Bergman
1206:Johan Anker
1116:Gerald Tait
1088:J. S. Aspin
1054:1908 London
952:Bermuda rig
904:Heatherbell
867:Henry Sears
835:= freeboard
813:= sail area
664:= freeboard
642:= sail area
380:chain girth
65:Development
4659:Categories
4581:Challenger
4057:Techno 293
4036:Elliott 6m
4001:Windglider
3747:Windglider
3702:Laser Vago
3657:Elliott 6m
3642:Division I
3596:Marblehead
3526:Techno 293
3395:Formula 18
3390:Formula 16
3178:FarEast 28
3002:Enterprise
2711:2020-01-20
2687:2017-01-22
2659:References
2598:Ben Lexcen
2588:'s famous
2542:Courageous
2528:Ted Turner
2523:Courageous
2450:See also:
2328:Courageous
2254:Enterprise
2026:Kiwi Magic
1926:Kiwi Magic
1790:Kiwi Magic
1699:Kiwi Magic
1466:Thor Ørvig
1462:Olav Örvig
1458:Erik Ørvig
1388:Hans Naess
1289:Ivan Lamby
1145:J. M. Adam
1135:C. MacIver
1019:Erna Signe
914:(designer
906:(designer
405:skin girth
196:Erna Signe
4665:Keelboats
4372:Prada Cup
3971:5.5 Metre
3911:8.5 Metre
3906:6.5 Metre
3737:Sydney 40
3722:Nacra F18
3601:One Metre
3511:Raceboard
3470:Viper F16
3460:Topcat K1
3293:Viper 640
3243:Melges 32
3238:Melges 24
3233:Melges 20
3193:Hansa 303
3188:Hansa 2.3
3067:OK Dinghy
3042:Lightning
3037:Laser 4.7
2997:Contender
2653:Ton class
2586:Alan Bond
2562:Weatherly
2534:in 1980.
2514:in 1964.
2482:Duralumin
2347:Nefertiti
1554:Lionheart
1418:1919 rule
1348:1907 rule
918:, 1909).
721:≤
709:−
528:≤
516:−
456:freeboard
431:sail area
279:≤
267:−
146:waterline
4527:regattas
4505:12-Metre
4150:Editions
4052:Nacra 15
3941:Snowbird
3921:15 Metre
3891:10 Metre
3886:12 Metre
3848:Nacra 17
3682:Hobie 18
3677:Hobie 17
3586:10 rater
3547:IKA Open
3496:Funboard
3435:Nacra 17
3430:Nacra 15
3410:Hobie 17
3405:Hobie 16
3400:Hobie 14
3329:IMOCA 60
3268:Shark 24
3253:Platu 25
3173:Etchells
3072:Optimist
3012:Fireball
2951:Nacra 17
2906:Current
2796:Archived
2642:See also
2539:Intrepid
2536:Columbia
2517:Intrepid
2508:Columbia
2432:Flica II
2195:Columbia
2131:Vanity V
1033:Olympics
1004:Intrepid
989:Intrepid
944:gaff rig
896:Columbia
855:Intrepid
193:Swedish
4590:(yacht)
4587:America
4574:Related
4500:J Class
4026:Yngling
3996:Tornado
3986:Tempest
3961:Swallow
3956:Firefly
3951:O-Jolle
3916:9 Metre
3881:8 Metre
3876:7 Metre
3871:6 Metre
3732:ORMA 60
3727:Open 50
3717:Mumm 36
3697:Laser 2
3667:Farr 45
3637:C-Class
3591:A Class
3506:Mistral
3465:Tornado
3385:Dart 18
3380:A-Class
3349:Swan 45
3344:Soto 40
3324:Farr 40
3314:Class40
3298:Yngling
3288:Tempest
3122:Vaurien
3107:Sunfish
3082:RS Tera
3077:RS Feva
2926:49er FX
2895:Classes
2851:Sceptre
2745:10 June
2574:Newport
2556:Sceptre
2550:Newport
2546:Freedom
2532:Freedom
2435: (
2415: (
2395: (
2369: (
2350: (
2331: (
2312: (
2290: (
2273: (
2256: (
2238: (
2217: (
2198: (
2179: (
2159: (
2134: (
2114: (
2094: (
2069: (
2049: (
2029: (
2004: (
1984: (
1964: (
1929: (
1909: (
1889: (
1822: (
1793: (
1764: (
1731: (
1702: (
1673: (
1644: (
1613: (
1610:Clipper
1585: (
1556: (
1537:Bronze
1534:Silver
1422:details
1352:details
1308:Finland
1186:details
1058:details
1049:Bronze
1046:Silver
900:Sceptre
887:Sceptre
161:History
56:Freedom
4645:(book)
4637:(film)
4629:(film)
4522:yachts
4510:yachts
4374:(2021)
4016:Europe
3991:Soling
3966:Dragon
3833:IQFoil
3818:49erFX
3622:29erXX
3531:IQFoil
3516:RS:One
3273:Soling
3203:H-boat
3168:Dragon
3143:2.4 mR
3127:Zoom 8
3117:Topper
3102:Splash
3047:Mirror
3007:Europe
2936:IQFoil
2834:
2462:Anitra
2446:Yachts
2428:
2408:
2388:
2362:
2343:
2324:
2305:
2285:
2268:
2251:
2231:
2210:
2191:
2172:
2152:
2127:
2111:Trivia
2107:
2087:
2062:
2042:
2022:
2001:Sphinx
1997:
1981:Trivia
1977:
1957:
1922:
1902:
1882:
1856:
1839:
1815:
1786:
1757:
1724:
1695:
1666:
1637:
1606:
1578:
1551:
1436:
1434:Norway
1432:
1366:
1364:Norway
1362:
1310:
1306:
1255:
1253:Sweden
1251:
1200:
1198:Norway
1196:
1129:
1125:
1072:
1068:
1040:Event
1028:Events
956:Dacron
746:where
553:where
304:where
154:rudder
78:Design
4618:Media
4551:AC45F
4492:Class
3838:Laser
3627:Aloha
3455:SL 16
3354:TP 52
3334:J/111
3278:Sonar
3248:Micro
3163:12 mR
3148:5.5 m
3112:Tasar
3097:Snipe
3092:RS500
3087:RS100
2992:Cadet
2739:(PDF)
2732:(PDF)
2705:(PDF)
2458:Onawa
2288:Onawa
2214:Nyala
2091:Nyala
1961:Nyala
1531:Gold
1438:(NOR)
1368:(NOR)
1312:(FIN)
1257:(SWE)
1202:(NOR)
1131:(GBR)
1074:(GBR)
1043:Gold
1014:Onawa
331:(LWL)
115:sloop
94:[
4626:Wind
4563:AC40
4558:AC75
4546:AC50
4539:AC45
4534:AC72
4517:IACC
4482:1995
4477:1992
4472:1987
4451:2024
4446:2021
4441:2017
4436:2013
4431:2007
4426:2003
4421:2000
4416:1995
4411:1992
4406:1987
4401:1983
4396:1980
4391:1977
4386:1974
4381:1970
4350:2024
4345:2021
4340:2017
4335:2013
4330:2010
4325:2007
4320:2003
4315:2000
4310:1995
4305:1992
4300:1988
4295:1987
4290:1983
4285:1980
4280:1977
4275:1974
4270:1970
4265:1967
4260:1964
4255:1962
4250:1958
4245:1937
4240:1934
4235:1930
4230:1920
4222:1914
4217:1903
4212:1901
4207:1899
4202:1895
4197:1893
4192:1887
4187:1886
4182:1885
4177:1881
4172:1876
4167:1871
4162:1870
4157:1851
4073:Byte
4031:RS:X
3946:Star
3823:Finn
3813:49er
3752:X-99
3632:Buzz
3577:IRSA
3501:Kona
3364:X-41
3359:X-35
3339:Maxi
3283:Star
3263:SB20
3258:RC44
3228:J/80
3223:J/70
3218:J/24
3213:J/22
3158:8 mR
3153:6 mR
3052:Moth
3022:GP14
2987:Byte
2967:29er
2931:Finn
2921:49er
2832:ISBN
2747:2016
2544:and
2504:NYYC
1502:Year
1012:and
984:skeg
912:Cyra
716:2.37
355:beam
150:keel
142:sail
130:1920
128:and
126:1912
122:1908
105:The
70:Year
3808:470
3692:ISO
3687:IOD
3450:M32
2982:B14
2977:505
2972:420
2916:470
2897:of
2494:Vim
2490:Vim
2486:Vim
2478:Vim
2469:Vim
2437:GER
2417:FIN
2397:DEN
2392:Vim
2371:FIN
2352:USA
2333:USA
2314:ITA
2292:USA
2275:USA
2258:USA
2240:USA
2219:ITA
2200:USA
2181:USA
2161:DEN
2136:DEN
2116:GER
2096:ITA
2071:USA
2051:BRA
2031:USA
2006:GER
1986:GER
1966:ITA
1931:USA
1911:BRA
1891:USA
1824:AUS
1795:ITA
1766:NZL
1733:AUS
1704:NZL
1675:AUS
1646:GBR
1615:CAN
1587:GBR
1558:GBR
1010:Vim
977:USA
948:Vim
523:2.5
4661::
2675:.
2600:,
2584:,
2439:)
2419:)
2399:)
2373:)
2294:)
2221:)
2138:)
2118:)
2098:)
2073:)
2053:)
2033:)
2008:)
1988:)
1968:)
1933:)
1913:)
1893:)
1797:)
1768:)
1706:)
1677:)
1648:)
1560:)
958:.
724:12
531:12
454:=
429:=
378:=
353:=
327:=
282:12
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4107:e
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3786:e
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3772:v
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2840:.
2778:.
2763:.
2749:.
2714:.
2690:.
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1522:e
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823:F
801:S
779:d
757:L
712:F
704:S
699:+
696:d
693:2
690:+
687:L
652:F
630:S
608:d
586:G
564:L
519:F
511:S
506:+
503:d
500:2
497:+
494:4
490:/
486:G
483:+
480:L
442:F
417:S
391:d
366:G
341:B
315:L
274:2
270:F
264:3
260:/
254:S
249:+
246:d
243:3
240:+
237:3
233:/
229:G
226:+
223:B
220:+
217:L
98:]
20:)
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