42:
736:, and the breeching ring was discarded in favor of a hole in the center of the neck of the cascabel. Because the weight of the cannon was much farther back, the trunnions could also be cast much farther rearward than in a similar conventional cannon. Initially two guns were manufactured for testing:
775:
in
February 1814. The results were so favorable (despite somewhat violent recoil) that 300 more guns were ordered, and by 1820, Congreve noted 700 guns as being cast. Congreve also suggested several other guns to be constructed according to his principle, including a 24-pounder of 8 feet and 50
890:
until the 1840s, The U.S. Navy used three classifications: the gun proper, which had a barrel weight of 150 lb (68 kg) per pound of shot, the double-fortified gun which had a barrel weight of 200 lb (91 kg) per pound of shot, and the medium gun, which had a barrel weight of
731:
In response to a desire for lighter 24-pounders that could still be double-shotted, William
Congreve designed a radical new type of 24-pounder, which was shorter, lighter, and with more metal concentrated around the gun breech rather than the chase (gun barrel). It had a muzzle similar to a
861: ft (2.0 m), and 6 ft (1.8 m), but no other details are mentioned. Finally, a 24-pounder of either 4 ft 10 in (1.47 m) or 5 ft (1.5 m) and 18 cwt was mentioned, and it was declared obsolete in 1865 by the War Department.
722:
hundredweight were highly regarded as siege guns and widely used in that role in addition to their naval use. The guns of 22 and 20 hundredweight were mostly used in casemates and flank defenses as replacements for 24-pounder carronades.
509:
One other 24-pounder is mentioned in sources from 1780 and later, specifically a gun of 10 feet and 52 hundredweight. It is unknown whether the gun was new or the same as the 10 foot 24-pounder mentioned above.
780:
service. That year, 800 24-pounders were bored-up to produce 32-pounders, and they remained in active service in that role past 1865. Congreve's other suggested guns were never used beyond the testing stage.
1223:
1049:
936:"British Smooth-Bore Artillery: A Technological Study to Support Identification, Acquisition, Restoration, Reproduction, and Interpretation of Artillery at National Historic Parks in Canada"
688:, 22, and 20 hundredweight, most of these guns were little used, and declared obsolete in 1865 by the War Department. The guns cast in 1813 were designed to be evaluated against
1216:
1042:
776:
hundredweight. However, the recoil of the guns when in service proved to be worse than the trials indicated, and they were withdrawn from service by 1830, except in
234:, heralding the coming of the 18-pounder frigate that would become the standard in many navies of the late 18th century. The experiment was tried again in 1785 with
880:
1209:
1063:
264:
Two-deckers used the 24-pounder in two capacities: on the smallest two-deckers of 64 guns, the 24-pounder constituted the main artillery, with 26 pieces. Typical
1232:
1035:
164:. 24-pounders were in service in the navies of France, Spain, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. They were comparable to the
196:
was consistent with both the French and the
British calibre systems, and was a widespread gun amongst nations between the 17th and the 19th century.
356:
891:
100 lb (45 kg) per pound of shot. By comparison, a carronade would have a barrel weight of 65 lb (29 kg) per pound of shot.
269:
823:
In addition, a number of guns designated "N.P." for New
Pattern appear in the records of the Committee on Ordnance. These have lengths of 9
300:, three-deckers were standardised on a 36-pounder main artillery and an 18-pounder secondary battery. From the mid-18th century, under
1239:
1059:
305:
252:
157:
993:
975:
689:
321:
331:
276:
349:
288:
311:
1372:
865:
258:
230:
were built to carry 24-pounders; these proved too heavy in practical use, however, and the vessels were re-equipped with
335:
235:
935:
339:
287:. More significantly, the 24-pounder armed the secondary battery of all 80-gun ships of the line from 1749, when the
820:
These were similar to the
Blomefield designs, but with a slightly smaller caliber of 5.792 instead of 5.823 inches.
282:
293:
introduced the practice, resulting in a two-decker with enough firepower to challenge a three-decker of the time.
1377:
268:
vessels carried a 36-pounder main battery and an 18-pounder secondary battery, until the enlarged variant of the
224:
915:
345:
240:, a successful design that opened the way to a standardisation on the 24-pounder frigate exemplified by the
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1274:
1264:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1136:
1126:
468:
In the establishment of 1764, two new iron 24-pounders were specified (1 source specifies both guns were 9
367:
165:
1151:
1146:
1351:
1110:
1105:
241:
397:
Four lengths of iron 24-pounders are mentioned in a notebook from the 1720s: 10 ft (3.0 m),
41:
1269:
1259:
1131:
521:
developed several iron 24-pounders as part of his system of gun construction from the 1790s onward:
1305:
1300:
1290:
1254:
1170:
1141:
1095:
1090:
1080:
1007:
Wyckoff, Robert C. (1991). "The
Ballistics of the 24-Pounder Long Cannon of the USS Constitution".
363:
231:
220:
193:
1310:
1100:
777:
130:
172:. 24-pounders were used as main guns on the heaviest frigates of the early 19th century and on
1201:
1016:
989:
971:
518:
348:, similarly carried 24-pounders as secondary batteries. The practices was continued with the
1382:
1027:
169:
864:
Images are available showing 24-pounder long guns as the main gun deck armament on the
1366:
208:
17:
377:, the 24-pounder was similarly used on some heavy frigates, which carried 26 guns.
317:
425: ft (2.6 m) long. Ten surviving guns which are likely examples of the 9
887:
378:
261:, frigates were built using a different artillery system, carrying 30-pounders.
200:
173:
161:
386:
382:
374:
212:
181:
177:
118:
103:
1020:
999:
Simpson, Rear-Admiral Edward, U.S.N. (1886) "United States Naval
Artillery".
1162:
733:
304:, the secondary battery was strengthened to 24-pounders, beginning with the
297:
55:
46:
Spanish 24-pounder long gun mounted on the coastal defences of Ibiza Town.
327:
301:
216:
204:
141:
265:
257:
in 1798, each carrying between 24 and 30 24-pounders. After the
70:
France, Spain, Great
Britain, Netherlands, Sweden, United States
1205:
1031:
465:
hundredweight which was detailed in the mensuration of 1743.
445:
hundredweight. These guns are very similar to the gun of 9
1284:
Old guns of the 1786 system fitted with flintlock primers
986:
L'artillerie et les fonderies de la marine sous Louis XIV
789:
In 1853, the Aide-MĂ©moire mentioned 2 designs by Millar:
247:. Overall, 14 of these heavy frigates were built between
180:
ships of the line, and on the second deck of a few large
771:
in
October 1813, and the lighter gun was tested on HMS
389:
carried thirty-four 24-pounders on their middle deck.
203:
used the 24-pounder in two capacities: as main gun on
968:
L'Artillerie de mer : marine française 1650–1850
871:
as used during the
American Revolution; and the USS
1319:
1283:
1247:
1160:
1119:
1073:
411: ft (2.9 m), 9 ft (2.7 m), and
381:ships carried 22 on their secondary batteries, and
140:
129:
113:
102:
92:
87:
79:
74:
66:
61:
51:
32:
168:used by the French Army as its largest piece of
881:original six frigates of the United States Navy
1217:
1043:
8:
662:bored-up from Blomefield 12-pounder 21 cwt
648:bored-up from Blomefield 12-pounder 24 cwt
634:bored-up from Blomefield 18-pounder 38 cwt
1224:
1210:
1202:
1050:
1036:
1028:
951:Simpson (1886), vol. 73, Issue 437, p.882.
480:
207:and 64-guns, or as secondary artillery on
40:
29:
478:feet long, but this is likely an error):
176:ships of the line, on the second deck of
791:
738:
523:
223:until 1772, when the two vessels of the
1003:, vol. 73, Issue 437, pp. 779–794.
899:
219:, a typical heavy frigate would carry
692:'s new pattern of gun. The guns of 9
435:-foot version weigh between 48 and 49
7:
929:
927:
925:
923:
988:, Paris, Economica, 1995, 213 p. (
767:The heavier gun was tested in HMS
25:
978:) (notice BNF no FRBNF355550752).
199:From the late 18th century, the
970:, Paris, Ă©ditions Ancre, 1992 (
966:Jean Boudriot et Hubert Berti,
332:François Joseph Paul de Grasse
1:
1001:Harper's New Monthly Magazine
906:French naval regulation, 1786
366:, 24-pounders would also arm
275:appeared in 1803, comprising
156:was a heavy calibre piece of
336:American War of Independence
726:
712:hundredweight and 9 feet 47
513:
211:and even enlarged versions
160:mounted on warships of the
1399:
934:McConnell, David (1988).
124:
39:
785:Later 24-pounder designs
514:Blomefield's 24-pounders
393:British iron 24-pounders
847: ft (2.3 m),
536:Method of construction
1320:Carronades and mortars
727:Congreve's 24-pounders
166:Canon de 24 Gribeauval
1009:Warship International
668:Except the guns of 50
519:Sir Thomas Blomefield
370:for coastal defence.
1373:Naval guns of France
1347:12-pounder Carronade
1342:18-pounder Carronade
1337:24-pounder Carronade
1332:30-pounder Carronade
1327:36-pounder Carronade
1191:12-pounder carronade
1186:18-pounder carronade
1181:24-pounder carronade
1176:36-pounder carronade
1171:Obusier de vaisseau
310:design that yielded
296:During the reign of
221:12-pounder long guns
34:24-pounder long gun
18:24-pounder long guns
368:Type 1 Model Towers
364:First French Empire
259:Bourbon Restoration
154:24-pounder long gun
117:12 gunners and one
1352:32 cm naval mortar
916:Canon de 24 livres
883:starting in 1797.
778:East India Company
344:, flagship at the
75:Production history
1360:
1359:
1236:
1199:
1198:
1066:
941:. pp. 68–75.
818:
817:
765:
764:
666:
665:
507:
506:
358:Commerce de Paris
150:
149:
16:(Redirected from
1390:
1378:152 mm artillery
1275:Short 12-pounder
1270:Short 18-pounder
1265:Short 24-pounder
1260:Short 30-pounder
1234:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1203:
1064:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1029:
1024:
983:
965:
952:
949:
943:
942:
940:
931:
918:
913:
907:
904:
860:
859:
855:
852:
846:
845:
841:
838:
832:
831:
827:
792:
739:
721:
720:
716:
711:
710:
706:
701:
700:
696:
690:William Congreve
687:
686:
682:
677:
676:
672:
533:Date first cast
527:Gun length (ft)
524:
481:
477:
476:
472:
464:
463:
459:
454:
453:
449:
444:
443:
439:
434:
433:
429:
424:
423:
419:
416:
410:
409:
405:
402:
346:Battle of Ushant
109:Approx. 3 metres
44:
35:
30:
21:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1315:
1279:
1255:Long 30-pounder
1243:
1240:naval artillery
1230:
1200:
1195:
1156:
1115:
1069:
1060:naval artillery
1056:
1006:
981:
963:
960:
955:
950:
946:
938:
933:
932:
921:
914:
910:
905:
901:
897:
857:
853:
850:
848:
843:
839:
836:
834:
829:
825:
824:
787:
729:
718:
714:
713:
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
693:
684:
680:
679:
674:
670:
669:
516:
474:
470:
469:
461:
457:
456:
451:
447:
446:
441:
437:
436:
431:
427:
426:
421:
417:
414:
412:
407:
403:
400:
398:
395:
192:The 24-pounder
190:
170:siege artillery
125:
97:
62:Service history
47:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1396:
1394:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1161:Howitzers and
1158:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1015:(2): 148–155.
1004:
997:
979:
959:
956:
954:
953:
944:
919:
908:
898:
896:
893:
879:as two of the
816:
815:
812:
808:
807:
804:
800:
799:
796:
786:
783:
763:
762:
759:
755:
754:
751:
747:
746:
743:
728:
725:
664:
663:
660:
657:
654:
650:
649:
646:
643:
640:
636:
635:
632:
629:
626:
622:
621:
618:
615:
612:
608:
607:
604:
601:
598:
594:
593:
590:
587:
584:
580:
579:
576:
573:
570:
566:
565:
562:
559:
556:
552:
551:
548:
545:
542:
538:
537:
534:
531:
528:
515:
512:
505:
504:
501:
497:
496:
493:
489:
488:
485:
394:
391:
323:Ville de Paris
189:
186:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
134:
127:
126:
122:
121:
115:
111:
110:
107:
100:
99:
98:470 kg (mount)
94:
90:
89:
88:Specifications
85:
84:
81:
80:Unit cost
77:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1395:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1002:
998:
995:
994:2-7178-2885-0
991:
987:
980:
977:
976:2-903179-12-3
973:
969:
962:
961:
957:
948:
945:
937:
930:
928:
926:
924:
920:
917:
912:
909:
903:
900:
894:
892:
889:
884:
882:
878:
877:Constellation
874:
870:
869:
862:
821:
813:
810:
809:
805:
802:
801:
798:Weight (cwt)
797:
794:
793:
790:
784:
782:
779:
774:
770:
760:
757:
756:
752:
749:
748:
745:Weight (cwt)
744:
741:
740:
737:
735:
724:
691:
661:
658:
655:
652:
651:
647:
644:
641:
638:
637:
633:
630:
627:
624:
623:
619:
616:
613:
610:
609:
605:
602:
599:
596:
595:
591:
588:
585:
582:
581:
577:
574:
571:
568:
567:
563:
560:
557:
554:
553:
549:
546:
543:
540:
539:
535:
532:
530:Weight (cwt)
529:
526:
525:
522:
520:
511:
502:
499:
498:
494:
491:
490:
487:Weight (cwt)
486:
483:
482:
479:
466:
392:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
362:. During the
361:
359:
354:
352:
347:
343:
342:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:
319:
318:capital ships
315:
314:
309:
308:
303:
299:
294:
292:
291:
286:
285:
280:
279:
274:
272:
267:
262:
260:
256:
255:
251:in 1785, and
250:
246:
244:
239:
238:
233:
229:
227:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:three-deckers
206:
202:
197:
195:
187:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
145:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
123:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
101:
95:
91:
86:
82:
78:
73:
69:
65:
60:
57:
54:
50:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1295:
1085:
1012:
1008:
1000:
985:
984:Jean Peter,
967:
947:
911:
902:
885:
876:
873:Constitution
872:
868:Independence
867:
863:
822:
819:
795:Length (ft)
788:
772:
768:
766:
742:Length (ft)
730:
667:
659:before 1865
645:before 1865
631:before 1847
517:
508:
484:Length (ft)
467:
396:
385:carried 32.
372:
357:
350:
340:
322:
320:of the era,
316:. The other
312:
306:
295:
290:Soleil-Royal
289:
283:
277:
270:
263:
254:Poursuivante
253:
248:
242:
236:
225:
198:
191:
153:
151:
106: length
67:Used by
982:(in French)
964:(in French)
888:War of 1812
620:newly cast
606:newly cast
592:newly cast
578:newly cast
564:newly cast
550:newly cast
455:feet and 49
387:First-rates
383:third-rates
379:Fourth-rate
334:during the
313:Royal Louis
307:Sans-Pareil
232:18-pounders
226:Pourvoyeuse
213:two-deckers
201:French Navy
182:third-rates
174:fourth-rate
162:Age of Sail
83:1252 Francs
1367:Categories
1306:12-pounder
1301:18-pounder
1296:24-pounder
1291:36-pounder
1163:Carronades
1137:12-pounder
1132:18-pounder
1127:24-pounder
1120:Short guns
1096:12-pounder
1091:18-pounder
1086:24-pounder
1081:36-pounder
1062:of 1786 —
958:References
375:Royal Navy
178:first-rate
119:powder-boy
1311:8-pounder
1238:— French
1152:4-pounder
1147:6-pounder
1142:8-pounder
1111:4-pounder
1106:6-pounder
1101:8-pounder
1074:Long guns
1021:0043-0374
895:Citations
886:From the
866:USS
734:carronade
298:Louis XIV
271:Téméraire
158:artillery
96:2,500 kg
56:Naval gun
27:Naval gun
1248:New guns
1235:previous
875:and USS
833:, 9, 8,
773:Pactolus
355:and the
341:Bretagne
328:flagship
302:Louis XV
217:Louis XV
215:. Under
205:frigates
146:152.2 mm
1242:of 1840
1233:«
1067: »
1058:French
856:⁄
842:⁄
828:⁄
769:Eurotas
717:⁄
707:⁄
702:feet 50
697:⁄
683:⁄
673:⁄
558:47 3/4
544:50 1/2
503:47 1/2
473:⁄
460:⁄
450:⁄
440:⁄
430:⁄
420:⁄
406:⁄
373:In the
284:Cassard
278:Vétéran
243:Romaine
194:calibre
142:Calibre
136:11.7 kg
1383:Cannon
1019:
1013:XXVIII
992:
974:
811:6 1/2
803:7 1/2
758:7 1/2
750:7 1/2
597:6 1/2
583:7 1/2
561:1790s
547:1790s
541:9 1/2
492:9 1/2
338:, and
266:74-gun
249:Pomone
237:Pomone
133:weight
104:Barrel
939:(PDF)
617:1800
603:1805
589:1813
575:1813
360:class
353:class
351:Océan
273:class
245:class
228:class
188:Usage
131:Shell
1065:next
1017:ISSN
990:ISBN
972:ISBN
678:, 47
281:and
152:The
114:Crew
93:Mass
52:Type
814:33
806:41
761:37
753:41
656:20
642:22
628:37
614:30
600:33
586:40
572:43
495:49
330:of
1369::
1011:.
996:).
922:^
653:6
639:6
625:8
611:6
569:8
555:9
500:9
326:,
184:.
1225:e
1218:t
1211:v
1051:e
1044:t
1037:v
1023:.
858:2
854:1
851:+
849:6
844:2
840:1
837:+
835:7
830:2
826:1
719:4
715:3
709:2
705:1
699:2
695:1
685:4
681:3
675:2
671:1
475:2
471:1
462:4
458:1
452:2
448:1
442:4
438:3
432:2
428:1
422:2
418:1
415:+
413:8
408:2
404:1
401:+
399:9
20:)
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