243:
killed unarmed civilians in several incidents including: Odi, Zaki Biam, Baga, Zaria, and
Abonema. The incident at the Lekki tollgate on October 20, 2020, however runs contrary to the above examples as the testimonies documented in the leaked report of the Judicial panel of inquiry and the subsequent white paper released by the Lagos State government's committee to review the aforementioned report do not support the narrative that a massacre indeed occurred at the Lekki tollgate. Although the panel members relied almost exclusively on testimony provided by an alleged eyewitness to arrive at a conclusion, the expert testimonies by the pathologist and two forensic teams engaged by the panel and the Lagos State government did not however support the summary of the 309-page report.
560:
Doris
Okuwobi, a retired justice. The members of the panel were Retired Deputy Inspector General of Police Fredrick Taiwo Lakanu a lawyer, Mr. Ebun-Olu Adegboruwa SAN and Ms. Patience Patrick Udoh both practicing lawyers in Lagos were appointed as representatives of Civil Society. Segun Awosanya (Segalink) one of the initiators of the EndSARS campaign was appointed to the panel representing human rights activists. Mr. Lucas Koyejo was appointed as the representative of the National Human Rights Commission and Mrs. Toyin Odunsanya, now a Judge of the High Court of Lagos, was appointed by Lagos State Government from the Directorate of Citizens Right, Lagos State Ministry of Justice Rinu Oduala and Majekodunmi Temitope are representatives of the youth.
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shooting of seven people at the time she was live-streaming on
Instagram. She said that armed soldiers and police officers shot at her and other peaceful #EndSARS protesters at the Lekki toll gate on the night of 20 October and that among them were officers of the disbanded SARS unit. She also said that the number of the dead increased to fifteen, but that she did not get a chance to record further, as her phone battery had died. She further said at least 15 people were killed in the shootings and that she and other survivors took the victims' bodies to the soldiers who took them away. She has since left the country for Canada following threats to her life.
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of
Licensed Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria (ALTON), released a statement explaining that network downtime experienced during the massacre was a result of damages to fiber cables across major routes in the city resulting in congestion and poor network services. Following a message spread on social media that protesters would be safe if they sang the national anthem and waved the Nigerian flag. Protesters sat down with locked arms singing the Nigerian anthem and waving the Nigerian flag in respite. Twenty armed military personnel approached and from video of the event shows them raising their voices in song as they are shot at by the armed soldiers.
258:
346:, shortly before the shooting, CCTV cameras were allegedly removed from the toll gate. The Lagos State Government subsequently said these were laser cameras and not CCTV cameras as earlier publicized on social media. Also, the electricity supplying lights to the toll gate was cut and the advertisement billboards, which are owned and maintained by Loatsad Media, were turned off. Loatsad Media stated, "On Tuesday when the curfew was announced we heeded the governor's warnings and didn't want our staff in any danger, hence by 3
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shooting. The CCTV footage and other footages from the scene at the time showed soldiers shooting at protesters from both ends of the Toll Gate. Corroborating a previous testimony given by the Lekki
Concession Company to the panel, the footage stopped at about 8 pm because the CCTV had been tampered with, ostensibly to provide cover for the shooting. Though yet to provide any counter evidence, Nigerian authorities continue to deny that soldiers shot at protesters.
39:
375:
407:, claimed that no one was killed at Lekki and later posted on Twitter that one person died at the hospital as a result of blunt force trauma to the head, and that the connection to the protest was under investigation. The Nigerian military denied responsibility for the shooting, tweeting that media reports were "fake news".
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The report of the forensic analysis conducted by
Sentinel Forensics employed by the panel to examine the evidence submitted by the Nigerian Army, bullet casings discovered by the panel at the scene, and tape of the CCTV at the toll gate showed that the police and the army officers continued firing at
350:
pm, our staff had been ordered to leave the site and the board was switched off based on the governor's curfew request." MTN and Airtel experienced outages during the protests. MTN Nigeria apologized later that night for the loss of coverage at the time of the shooting. On 21 October, the
Association
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ruled that the
Nigerian government was guilty of human rights abuses for their actions during the #EndSARS protest at Lekki tollgate in October 2020. The court found that the government violated several international human rights standards, including the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights,
648:
after multiple threats on her life, with her close friend Salami Eric
Adomokhar, reportedly missing. Protests have continued accordingly, as the Nigerian state has maintained a pattern of violent repression, including the killing of demonstrators. Unconfirmed reports say that she narrated her ordeal
627:
On 24 November, as part of its investigations into the shooting, CNN obtained and released CCTV footages from government surveillance cameras overlooking the toll gate presented to the Lagos
Judiciary panel of inquiry investigating police brutality, the abuses of the disbanded SARS and the toll gate
570:
On 30 November 2020, The Nigerian Army admitted that its soldiers were armed with live ammunition when they opened fire on protesters at the demonstration in Lagos. Brigadier Ahmed Taiwo, Commander of the 81 Military Intelligence Brigade while giving a testimony to the Judicial Panel equally alleged
559:
On 26 October, the Lagos State government constituted a Judicial Panel of Inquiry to investigate happenings during the EndSARS protests and to establish who shot protesters, who were affected, how much compensation victims should get, and who should be prosecuted. The eight-member panel is headed by
370:
Lagos-based risk advisory, SBM Intelligence estimated, based on witnesses and emergency services, that at least forty-six people were killed around Nigeria on Tuesday, 20 October according. In the hours after the shooting, People's Gazette, a local newspaper, reported that the army had tried to give
606:
photographs of victims and eyewitness accounts, as well as the families of victims, alongside verified trended videos of the shooting using timestamps and data from video files. CNN said that Nigerian authorities refused to comment when they were contacted for clarifications. The documentary also
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During a visit to the scene of the Lekki Toll Gate massacre, the panel found spent bullet shells. The panel was denied access to a military hospital suspected of holding bodies of the victims for over 30 minutes but when the panel eventually gained access into the facility it was found purportedly
456:
The following days after the Lekki massacre witnessed a lot of violence by hoodlums not associated with the #EndSars protest. The looting of shops, burning and destruction of properties of private individuals and government in some parts of Lagos began late in the night of the massacre and spilled
314:
Within a few days of renewed protests, some claimed victory when, on Sunday, 11 October 2020, the Nigerian Police Force announced it would be dissolving SARS. However, many noted similar promises had been made in recent years, and that the government planned to reassign and review SARS officers to
242:
and 2018 attack on Shiite Muslims who were protesting against the jailing of a cleric in which 45 Nigerians were killed. Three sons of Sheikh El-Zakzaky were killed alongside about 30 other followers of the Sheikh on July 25, 2014. Since the country's return to civilian rule in 1999, soldiers have
402:
In a report on 21 October, Amnesty International stated that at least 12 protesters were killed in what the organization described as "extrajudicial executions". A former marketer with Etisalat Telecommunications Company (now 9Mobile) was reported to be one of the casualties. Denying this, Lagos
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made a livestream video of the shooting on her Instagram account. Though many other eyewitness videos and footages surfaced in the aftermath of the shooting, the livestream would prove to be decisive evidence of the shooting. In a video made on 23 October, she clarified that she witnessed the
449:, staging several demonstrations, and gunfire could be heard throughout the city. Several fires burned throughout Lagos after the shooting. A few hours after the massacre, the Lagos State Governor visited the injured victims in hospitals in Lagos. In a statement on
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that The Nigerian Army was called upon to intervene by the Governor of Lagos State, Babajide Sanwo-Olu. Taiwo added that Sanwo-Olu called the Chief of Army Staff and the General Officer Commanding (GOC) 81 Division, claiming that the Police had been "overrun".
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from where Nigeria had imported bullets every year between 2005 and 2016. The documentary has given rise to another wave of outrage, this time mostly towards the Nigerian authorities' changing narrative in the face of naked evidence. In its response, the
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started EndSARS campaign on social media prompting police authority to announce reform of the police unit but nothing was achieved at the time. In 2018, Nigerian rapper Michael Ugochukwu Stephens, known by his stage name
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The Nigerian Army initially denied involvement in the shooting, but later stated that it had deployed soldiers to the toll gate on the orders of the governor of Lagos State. A month after the shooting, following a
1387:
544:, but stopped short of clarifying who gave the order. This statement comes after weeks of denial by the Nigerian Army that its servicemen were never deployed at the Lekki Toll Gate on the night of the masscre.
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In testimony during April and May 2021 before the Lagos State Judicial Panel, a witness stated that by her reckoning based in part on video evidence at least 10 people died in the shooting. According to
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documentary on the shooting, the Nigerian Army admitted to the Lagos Judiciary panel of inquiry into the shooting that it had deployed its personnel to the toll gate with both live and blank bullets.
2412:
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said that Nigerians' right "to protest peacefully needs to be guaranteed" and that "police brutality needs to stop, and those responsible for acts of such dramatic violence are made accountable".
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Following a call for submission of petitions against police brutality by the panel, several victims sent in damning reports of torture, killings, and other human rights abuses by the police.
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during and in the aftermath of the shooting. In the video, they attempted to remove a bullet from the leg of a man who was shot, tying a Nigerian flag around his leg. Nigerian disc jockey
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stated that "There is little doubt that this was a case of excessive use of force, resulting in unlawful killings with live ammunition, by Nigerian armed forces". U.N. Secretary-General
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1080:
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Featherstone, Stephanie Busari, Nima Elbagir, Gianluca Mezzofiore, Katie Polglase, Alex Platt and Barbara Arvanitidis Video by Muhammad Darwish and Oscar (24 November 2020).
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called for calm and said he would promote police reforms; however, he did not issue a statement or acknowledge the massacre at the Lekki toll gate.
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In the aftermath of End SARS protest, End SARS Activists announced that there would be a memorial to mark the Lekki Shootings. On 19 October 2021,
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admitted after weeks of denial that its servicemen deployed in military vehicles. It also said the soldiers were given live and blank rounds of
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On the day of the shooting, on 20 October 2020, the government imposed a city-wide round-the-clock curfew in Lagos which was to start at 4
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before the Sub-committee on International Human Rights of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development of the
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insists that its members were 'professional in their conduct' and did not breach rules of engagement. Nigeria's Minister of Information,
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394:, established the events that led to the massacre, an attempted cover-up, and abandonment of victims by the Lagos State Government.
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According to witnesses, the military did not allow ambulances to provide aid and removed corpses from the scene of the shooting.
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1322:
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stated that at least 12 protesters were killed during the shooting. A day after the incident, on 21 October, the governor of
1485:
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74:
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1922:
624:, accused CNN of 'irresponsible journalism' and described the documentary of the product of fake news and disinformation.
308:
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67:
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into the following morning until military personnel were deployed to the streets of Lagos to restore calm and order.
885:
315:
medical centers rather than remove them entirely. The Lekki toll gate shooting promptly ended the protest movement.
679:
which prohibited any form of protest. Protests took place mostly in Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt, among others.
285:
479:
called on the Nigerian government to cease the "violent crackdown on protesters". Former U.S. Secretary of State
273:
1201:
824:
498:
2693:"#ENDSARS: Buratai Reacts To CNN Report On Lekki Massacre, Insists Nigerian Army Observed Rules Of Engagement"
1348:
2152:"OHCHR | Nigeria: Bachelet condemns army killings, calls for "root and branch" reform of the security forces"
971:
Nima Elbagir, Katie Polglase, Gianluca Mezzofiore, Stephanie Busari and Jennifer Hansler (21 November 2020).
2880:
688:
637:
363:
355:
1747:
1688:"DJ Switch releases a video reaffirming the #LekkiMassacre, but sadly, we still have some doubting Thomas"
675:
announced that a protest would be carried out in vehicles, with respect to the message by the Lagos state
328:
186:
2910:
611:, CNN was able to establish that several of the bullet casings from the Lekki Toll Gate, originated from
1631:"End SARS protest in Lekki toll gate: Who be DJ Switch, di Disc Jockey wey film shooting on protesters?"
517:
505:
expressed deep concern and alarm at the reports of civilian deaths, calling for an end to the violence.
343:
324:
198:
1661:
2578:"Nigerian soldiers continued shooting even as #EndSARS protesters were running away: Forensic Report"
1777:
886:"Nigerian military says trending videos of soldiers opening fire on EndSARS protesters are photoshop"
676:
650:
603:
466:
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protesters even as they were running away. The panel eventually found that nine people were killed.
491:
383:
239:
238:
has been known to open fire and kill unarmed civilians in previous incidents, most notably was the
547:
At least six protesters were beaten and 13 others were arrested at the bridge site on 13 February
386:
investigated various clips from social media and concluded that indeed the massacre took place in
304:, joined the campaign to end police brutality releasing a single titled, "Is Police Your Friend?"
1047:"Nigerian govt has killed six of El-Zakzaky's children, leaving only three of us — Muhammad, son"
446:
422:
404:
206:
692:
and ordered the government to pay ₦10 million in compensation to each victim named in the suit.
425:
approved of the mass burial of 103 protesters who lost their lives during the EndSars incident.
2968:"ECOWAS Court Finds Nigerian Government Guilty of Human Rights Abuses During #EndSARS Protests"
1894:"#EndSARS: Former Etisalat marketer among those soldiers killed at Lekki toll gate - Witnesses"
3044:
2770:
2090:
1141:
996:
753:
487:
2604:"FULL LIST: Nine dead, four missing… Lagos #EndSARS panel lists 48 victims of Lekki massacre"
1868:"INVESTIGATION: Bullets, Blood & Death: Untold Story of what happened at Lekki Toll Gate"
307:
The protests became more popular in 2017 on Twitter using the hashtag #EndSARS to demand the
599:
469:
277:
43:
The Lekki toll gate, protesters were concentrated on the road in front of the gate pictured
2492:"#ENDSARS: Lagos Panel Pays 'Unscheduled Visit' To Military Hospital Over Lekki Shootings"
641:
548:
480:
269:
1102:
973:"Nigerian army admits to having live rounds at Lekki Toll Gate, despite previous denials"
441:
p.m. via social media. Protesters defied the curfew although it was later extended till 9
2177:"'Nigerian government are killers' – Manchester United's Ighalo condemns Lekki massacre"
3049:
1539:"Lekki Shooting: Firm owned by Tinubu's son gives reason ad board light was turned off"
418:
reporting, they could count five bodies from the videos with many additional injuries.
38:
3018:
1543:
617:
537:
415:
391:
235:
174:
161:
2435:"'SARS officers removed my teeth during torture,' victim tells Lagos judicial panel"
1380:"#EndSARS: Police mum as Nigerians recount atrocities of Special Anti-Robbery Squad"
1017:"Nigeria Sars protest: Army chief denies firing live bullets at protesters in Lagos"
2994:"EndSars: ECOWAS Court orders Nigerian govt to pay N10m compensation per applicant"
2747:"Analysis of CCTV footage from Lekki toll gate raises new questions about shooting"
1973:"Leaked Memo Shows Lagos Govt Approved N61m For Mass Burial Of 103 ENDSARS Victims"
621:
579:
509:
502:
483:
tweeted that Nigerian authorities should "stop killing young #EndSARS protesters".
2716:"End SARS: Nigerian govt threatens to sanction CNN over report on Lekki shootings"
2553:"Nigerian Army Not Happy That Gov Sanwo-Olu Denied Inviting Us – Brigadier Taiwo"
1477:
1016:
714:
209:, denied reports of any loss of lives, but later admitted in an interview with a
2522:"Nigeria's Military Admits Soldiers Had Live Rounds at Lekki Toll Gate Massacre"
668:
202:
190:
56:
2942:"BREAKING: ECOWAS Court Finds Nigeria Guilty of Rights Abuse at Lekki Tollgate"
2631:"Nigerian government rejects report on Lekki toll gate shooting as 'fake news'"
523:
In solidarity and to pay his respect to the "fallen heroes", Nigerian musician
2236:
541:
374:
1923:"President calls for calm after protesters shot during Nigeria demonstration"
1838:"Young Nigerians Came to Protest Police Brutality. Then the Shooting Started"
1145:
757:
371:
nine bodies to the police to help them bury. The police rejected the bodies.
89:
76:
640:
who gained nationwide fame for her live-stream of the shooting, was granted
583:
524:
476:
359:
301:
1954:"Lekki Shooting: Witness presents video evidence of people killed, injured"
1630:
2118:"Fires burn in Lagos after Nigerian soldiers shoot anti-police protesters"
2061:"Fires burn-in Lagos after Nigerian soldiers shoot anti-police protesters"
292:
252:
178:
124:
30:
2323:"Lagos Judicial Panel Begins Inquiry into Lekki Shooting, Police Abuses"
1662:"DJ Switch Captures Nigerian Military Killing #EndSARS Protesters on IG"
2851:"FG protests CNN's Lekki shootings documentary, calls it irresponsible"
2125:
1808:"Lekki Massacre: Police reject nine bodies from Nigerian Army: Sources"
450:
336:
281:
194:
60:
2821:"BREAKING: Tollgate staff didn't witness Lekki shootings, says LCC MD"
2116:
Ukomadu, Angela; Akwagyiram, Alexis; George, Libby (21 October 2020).
1718:"#EndSARS: DJ Switch Will Be Exposed In Due Course, Says Lai Mohammed"
1134:"Nigeria Army Said to Massacre Hundreds of Civilians (Published 2001)"
799:"Nigerian Forces Killed None 9f the Peaceful Protesters, Amnesty Says"
586:
and the intimidation of a silent majority by a vociferous lynch mob".
1601:"#EndSARS: DJ Switch, others help protesters shot at Lekki Toll Gate"
645:
612:
453:, he attributed the massacre to "forces beyond our direct control."
2297:"Nigerian police beat, arrest protesters at site of Lekki shooting"
261:
Protesters hold up their placards in front of the Lagos State House
2267:"We Went To Lekki Toll Gate With Live Bullets, Nigerian Army Says"
916:"Lekki shooting: Army admits troops deployed, denies opening fire"
387:
373:
332:
256:
182:
52:
2207:"'Enough is enough' - Super Falcons stars condemn Lekki massacre"
2663:"How a bloody night of bullets quashed a young protest movement"
1508:"Laser cameras, not CCTV, removed at Lekki Tollgate — Sanwo-Olu"
672:
636:
On 9 November 2020, 20 days after the massacre, the disc jockey
2465:"Lekki Shooting: Bullet shells found by judicial panel members"
582:
attributing media reactions to the shooting as "the triumph of
2635:
2028:"Nigeria protesters break curfew amid gunfire, chaos in Lagos"
595:
327:
shot at unarmed protesters at the Lekki toll gate (officially
218:
210:
2237:"Burna Boy - "20-10-20" (Audio) - Listen! « tooXclusive"
1410:"#EndSARS: Nigeria says Special Anti-Robbery Squad dissolved"
1103:"Background Report: The Destruction of Odi and Rape in Choba"
855:"#EndSARS: Sanwo-Olu confirms two deaths from Lekki shooting"
2354:"Inquiry probes shooting of Lagos protesters, police abuses"
1441:"What It Means When the Police Say They are Dissolving SARS"
1262:"Civic tech startups take on Nigeria's struggle for justice"
1232:"Army explains why soldiers killed 6 people in Rivers state"
437:
p.m. which had only been announced earlier that day around 1
2409:"Lagos: Panel on police brutality to begin sitting Tuesday"
1073:"Nigerian Protesters Killed as Soldiers Open Fire in Lagos"
512:
said he was ashamed of the Nigerian government. Members of
497:
The violence was strongly condemned by the chairman of the
1998:"SARS: Lagos protesters break curfew amid gunfire, chaos"
1478:"End Sars protests: People 'shot dead' in Lagos, Nigeria"
1172:"Nigeria: Massive Destruction, Deaths From Military Raid"
378:
Reuters graphic of deaths in Nigeria on October 20, 2020.
2791:"Why Lekki tollgate surveillance camera stopped working"
2379:"Lekki Shooting: Judicial Panel Begins Sitting Tuesday"
946:"#EndSARS: Lagos govt invited us to the streets - Army"
715:"Nigeria Sars protests: Horror over shootings in Lagos"
2911:"DJ Switch safe, out of the country- Peter Okoye's PA"
602:
on the shooting, the independent investigation showed
536:
On 21 November 2020, 34 days after the incident, the
1782:
Nigeria's leading geopolitical intelligence platform
1206:
Nigeria's leading geopolitical intelligence platform
746:"Why are people talking about Nigeria and #EndSARS?"
157:
149:
141:
131:
119:
105:
66:
48:
23:
2825:Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics
2795:Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics
1752:Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics
578:The Nigerian government rejected the report, with
486:United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
1571:"Telecoms operators apologize for network outage"
213:journalist that "only two persons were killed".
1202:"An Error Repeated? The Shi'a/Military Clashes"
825:"Sanwo-Olu: There is no international pressure"
2055:
2053:
169:On the night of 20 October 2020, at about 6:50
1748:"DJ Switch, a front for divisive forces – FG"
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1323:"Nigerians want police's SARS force scrapped"
284:. The slogan calls for the disbanding of the
8:
2775:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1001:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
594:On 18 November, a month after the incident,
465:In a statement made on 22 October 2020, the
793:
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789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
390:. A detailed report by Nigerian newspaper,
1917:
1915:
709:
707:
705:
382:In an independent analysis of the attack,
37:
20:
533:, marking the day of the Lekki massacre.
607:revealed that in collaboration with the
2946:Foundation For Investigative Journalism
701:
2881:"FG petitions CNN over EndSARS report"
2768:
2703:from the original on 10 February 2021.
2303:. Al Jazeera English. 13 February 2021
1292:"Ruggedman - 'Is Police your friend?'"
994:
609:Balkan Investigative Reporting Network
514:Nigeria women's national football team
421:On 23 July 2023, Lagos State Governor
2992:Nwachukwu, John Owen (10 July 2024).
2921:from the original on 10 February 2021
2891:from the original on 10 February 2021
2861:from the original on 10 February 2021
2831:from the original on 10 February 2021
2801:from the original on 10 February 2021
2757:from the original on 10 February 2021
2726:from the original on 10 February 2021
2673:from the original on 10 February 2021
2643:from the original on 24 November 2021
2551:Ewodage, Rejoice (14 November 2020).
2532:from the original on 10 February 2021
2502:from the original on 10 February 2021
2471:from the original on 10 February 2021
2445:from the original on 10 February 2021
2415:from the original on 10 February 2021
2389:from the original on 10 February 2021
2333:from the original on 10 February 2021
2277:from the original on 10 February 2021
2247:from the original on 10 February 2021
2217:from the original on 10 February 2021
2187:from the original on 10 February 2021
2097:from the original on 10 February 2021
2071:from the original on 10 February 2021
2038:from the original on 10 February 2021
1971:Television, Channels (23 July 2023).
1933:from the original on 10 February 2021
1900:from the original on 10 February 2021
1874:from the original on 10 February 2021
1848:from the original on 10 February 2021
1818:from the original on 10 February 2021
1788:from the original on 10 February 2021
1758:from the original on 10 February 2021
1728:from the original on 10 February 2021
1698:from the original on 10 February 2021
1641:from the original on 10 February 2021
1611:from the original on 10 February 2021
1581:from the original on 10 February 2021
1551:from the original on 10 February 2021
1321:Salaudeen, Aisha (15 December 2017).
1302:from the original on 12 December 2020
1272:from the original on 12 December 2020
1242:from the original on 10 February 2021
1212:from the original on 10 February 2021
1182:from the original on 10 February 2021
1152:from the original on 10 February 2021
1132:Onishi, Norimitsu (30 October 2001).
1113:from the original on 10 February 2021
1083:from the original on 10 February 2021
1027:from the original on 10 February 2021
983:from the original on 10 February 2021
952:from the original on 10 February 2021
926:from the original on 10 February 2021
896:from the original on 10 February 2021
835:from the original on 10 February 2021
805:from the original on 10 February 2021
764:from the original on 10 February 2021
725:from the original on 10 February 2021
7:
2629:Nimi Princewill (24 November 2021).
2008:from the original on 21 October 2020
1518:from the original on 25 October 2020
1488:from the original on 20 October 2020
1451:from the original on 11 October 2020
1420:from the original on 11 October 2020
1378:Ogundipe, Samuel (3 December 2017).
865:from the original on 24 October 2020
311:disband and reform the police unit.
1778:"Chart of the week: Bloody Tuesday"
1686:Kiakubu, Uroupa (23 October 2020).
1439:Ademoroti, Niyi (11 October 2020).
1390:from the original on 3 January 2018
1359:from the original on 3 January 2018
1329:from the original on 2 January 2018
508:Nigerian international footballer
291:In 2016, a human rights activist,
14:
3075:Massacres of protesters in Africa
2714:Nwosu, Annie (19 November 2020).
2091:"The toughest night of our lives"
1952:Adediran, Ifeoluwa (8 May 2021).
1537:Augoye, Jayne (21 October 2020).
884:Madu, ONUORAH (22 October 2020).
323:On the night of 20 October 2020,
230:Previous Nigerian Army crackdowns
1660:Rave, Style (21 October 2020).
3080:Massacres committed by Nigeria
3065:October 2020 events in Nigeria
2940:Owoyemi, Sade (10 July 2024).
663:2021 End SARS memorial protest
657:2021 End SARS Memorial protest
1:
3070:Political violence in Nigeria
3060:October 2020 crimes in Africa
3025:2020 mass shootings in Africa
1355:. Nigeria. 17 December 2017.
358:, live-streamed the event on
567:under renovation and empty.
475:U.S. presidential candidate
2490:editing (30 October 2020).
1349:"End SARS as a Mob Project"
3106:
3035:2020s massacres in Nigeria
2966:AriseNews (10 July 2024).
660:
520:, condemned the massacre.
286:Special Anti-Robbery Squad
250:
3090:Mass shootings in Nigeria
555:Judicial Panel of Inquiry
36:
28:
683:2024 ECOWAS court ruling
499:African Union Commission
3030:2020 murders in Nigeria
2271:www.saharareporters.com
801:. AP. 21 October 2020.
689:ECOWAS Court of Justice
527:released a song titled
501:. UK Foreign Secretary
354:A popular Nigerian DJ,
177:opened fire on unarmed
890:Panafrican News Agency
379:
329:Admiralty Circle Plaza
262:
187:Admiralty Circle Plaza
687:On 10 July 2024, the
661:Further information:
518:Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene
377:
344:Amnesty International
325:Nigerian Armed Forces
260:
199:Amnesty International
173:p.m., members of the
3085:Crime in Lagos State
3040:2020s in Lagos State
2887:. 23 November 2020.
2857:. 23 November 2020.
2699:. 18 November 2020.
2669:. 18 November 2020.
1754:. 19 November 2020.
1268:. 14 November 2018.
1238:. 24 February 2019.
1208:. 15 December 2015.
1023:. 15 November 2020.
744:Paquette, Danielle.
467:President of Nigeria
447:Lagos State Governor
3055:Mass murder in 2020
2917:. 9 November 2020.
2827:. 3 November 2020.
2797:. 4 November 2020.
2584:. 11 September 2021
2467:. 30 October 2020.
2441:. 27 October 2020.
2411:. 26 October 2020.
2385:. 25 October 2020.
2329:. 27 October 2020.
2243:. 30 October 2020.
2213:. 22 October 2020.
2183:. 21 October 2020.
2067:. 22 October 2020.
2034:. 21 October 2020.
2004:. 21 October 2020.
1977:Channels Television
1929:. 21 October 2020.
1896:. 21 October 2020.
1870:. 31 October 2020.
1844:. 23 October 2020.
1842:Wall Street Journal
1814:. 20 October 2020.
1784:. 21 October 2020.
1722:Channels Television
1637:. 21 October 2020.
1607:. 20 October 2020.
1577:. 22 October 2020.
1514:. 22 October 2020.
1484:. 21 October 2020.
1416:. 11 October 2020.
1079:. 20 October 2020.
1077:Wall Street Journal
948:. 27 October 2020.
861:. 22 October 2020.
831:. 22 October 2020.
721:. 21 October 2020.
651:Canadian Parliament
598:aired a six-minute
384:Wall Street Journal
309:Nigerian government
295:popularly known as
268:is a decentralised
240:2015 Zaria massacre
90:6.43611°N 3.44750°E
86: /
24:2020 Lekki shooting
16:Massacre in Nigeria
2998:Daily Post Nigeria
2720:Daily Post Nigeria
2610:. 15 November 2021
2557:www.channelstv.com
2132:on 23 October 2020
1176:Human Rights Watch
1138:The New York Times
423:Babajide Sanwo-Olu
405:Babajide Sanwo-Olu
380:
263:
207:Babajide Sanwo-olu
181:protesters at the
2358:www.aljazeera.com
920:www.aljazeera.com
488:Michelle Bachelet
167:
166:
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2697:Sahara Reporters
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2192:
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2139:
2137:
2128:. Archived from
2113:
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2087:
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2013:
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1309:
1307:
1298:. 6 April 2018.
1288:
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1051:Punch Newspapers
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771:
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734:
732:
730:
711:
492:António Guterres
470:Muhammadu Buhari
444:
440:
436:
403:State Governor,
349:
278:police brutality
172:
114:
109:20 October 2020
101:
100:
98:
97:
96:
95:6.43611; 3.44750
91:
87:
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83:
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79:
41:
21:
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2915:PunchNewspapers
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2582:Peoples Gazette
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2352:Mbah, Fidelis.
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1812:Peoples Gazette
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808:
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797:
796:
777:
767:
765:
750:Washington Post
743:
742:
738:
728:
726:
713:
712:
703:
698:
685:
665:
659:
642:right of asylum
634:
592:
590:CNN documentary
557:
481:Hillary Clinton
463:
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431:
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347:
321:
270:social movement
255:
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2198:
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2122:in.reuters.com
2108:
2082:
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2019:
1989:
1963:
1944:
1911:
1885:
1859:
1829:
1799:
1769:
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1652:
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1401:
1370:
1340:
1325:. Al Jazeera.
1313:
1283:
1253:
1223:
1193:
1178:. 1 May 2013.
1163:
1124:
1094:
1064:
1053:. 28 June 2020
1038:
1008:
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591:
588:
556:
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293:Segun Awosanya
272:and series of
251:Main article:
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2885:Vanguard News
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2526:Democracy Now
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2020:
2007:
2003:
1999:
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1990:
1978:
1974:
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1958:Premium Times
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859:Premium Times
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