477:
330 mm and 290 mm respectively. Against sloped armour, the APDS had reduced effectiveness: penetrating 87 mm (3.4 in) and 77 mm (3.0 in) of RHA at 1,000 yd (910 m) and 2,000 yd (1,800 m) respectively, against a plate angled 60 degrees from the normal, this is only 174 mm (6.9 in), and 154 mm (6.1 in) of line of sight penetration. At given ranges, the 20 pounder APDS Mk. III shot only had 53% of its line of sight penetration against a sloped plate, compared to at the normal. Line of sight penetration refers to a flat line drawn through a piece of sloped armour, indicating the effective thickness.
497:
389:. Analysis of the T-54's armour suggested that the 20 pounder would be ineffective at penetrating the latest Soviet armour. The 100 mm gun wielded by the T-54 was also assessed. The Centurion's earliest combat experiences and intelligence on Soviet armour and tank guns led to development of the 105 mm L7 tank gun, which was designed to fit specifically into the turret mountings of the 20 pounder, facilitating retrofitting to existing tanks.
422:
335:
1202:
103:
33:
476:
projectile had a muzzle velocity of 1,465 m/s (4,810 ft/s) and the APDS Mk.3 could penetrate 330 mm (13 in) of RHA at a distance of 1,000 yards (910 m), and 290 mm (11 in) of penetration at 2,000 yards (1,800 m), equating to a line of sight penetration of
392:
During the development of its successor, the 20 pounder continued in front-line service and was even trialed in other fighting vehicles. One was fitted to a Swiss pre-production
1145:
1246:
1108:
381:
In 1956, detailed intelligence on the then-new Soviet T-54A main battle tank was obtained by the
British military, after Hungarian rebels drove to the British embassy in
1231:
1138:
1236:
1205:
327:
tank gun was developed from the 20 pounder. In 1954, the original version of the 105 mm was made by re-boring the tube of a 20 pounder barrel.
550: : a training variant of the APDS-T Mk. 3 except for mild steel sabot painted black with yellow band. The DS/T PRAC Mk. 4 was fielded in 1955.
57:
1131:
708:
The gun is specified as 83.4 mm (3.283 in) here, while
Ogorkiewiecz states the weapon was 83.8 mm. Norman gives it as "3.3 inch (84 mm)"
975:
1069:
1037:
1013:
75:
399:
Between 1968 and 1971, Mk III Centurions of the
Australian Army, equipped with the original 20 pounder, saw action during the
521:
473:
534: : a training variant of the APDS Mk. 1, it is identifiable by the yellow band painted on its black lead sabot. It uses a
778:
584:
consisting of a black metal cylinder filled with 580 steel pellets (9.5 kg). It has an effective range of 229 m.
396:, replacing a domestic 90 mm Kanone 1948 gun. (However, the Panzer 58 was later equipped with the 105 mm L7.)
386:
996:
827:
370:
The gun was fitted predominantly to the
Centurion tank, first seeing action in 1950 with British Army units during the
48:
1048:
544: : an improved Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot round fitted with tracer. The APDS-T Mk. 3 was fielded in 1950.
466:
407:, the 84 mm ammunition of the 20 pounder was considered suitable for the armoured fire support role. (
1241:
189:
872:
1113:
504:
501:
237:
496:
43:
846:
1182:
1177:
557:
217:
955:. Thun: Kriegstechnische Abteilung Sektion für Schiessversuche 11/R. May 13, 1954. pp. 1–6.
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1085:
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1033:
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324:
288:
273:
107:
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564:. The shell is painted olive drab or buff with red band and black RDX/BWX (explosive filler).
1026:
277:
269:
1059:
462:
303:
280:
heavy tank. After the 20 pounder gun was found to have inadequate performance against the
525:
481:
111:
421:
334:
1225:
718:
581:
485:
408:
404:
968:
Cold War, Hot
Science: Applied Research in Britain's Defence Laboratories 1945-1990
281:
102:
574:
filled with three internal smoke canisters ejected by a Base
Ejection (BE) device.
571:
400:
375:
185:
181:
110:
equipped with the 20 pounder. This gun is a later model which is fitted with a
371:
201:
177:
1089:
788:
465:
of 1,020 metres per second and could penetrate 210 mm (8.3 in) of
393:
284:
1155:
382:
265:
122:
1103:
717:
The 20 pounder's APDS round had twice the penetration capability of an
535:
411:
tanks did not operate in South
Vietnam until later stages of the war.)
227:
17:
642:
1,430 m/s (4,700 ft/s) or 1,465 m/s (4,810 ft/s)
614:
1,000 m/s (3,300 ft/s) or 1,020 m/s (3,300 ft/s)
829:
Memorandum E.13 Tank
Effectiveness: Conqueror, Conway and Charioteer
876:
999:". opensource, p. 9. British Army Operational Research Group.
495:
458:
656:
600 m/s (2,000 ft/s) or 602 m/s (1,980 ft/s)
514: : an Armour-Piercing Capped Ballistic Capped (APCBC) round.
561:
1127:
416:
329:
26:
287:
the gun was mostly replaced in service by the larger calibre
469:(RHA). However, these conventional rounds were rarely used.
752:
750:
53:
Messy and unorganised article; needs expansion for content.
913:"Panzer 55 Centurion Mk 3 / Mk 5, Pz 55 mit 8,4 cm Pak 55"
1082:
Fighting
Vehicles and Weapons of the Modern British Army
935:
933:
433:
346:
299:
The gun was developed by the Royal
Ordnance Factories.
841:
839:
826:
British Army Operational Research Group (June 1954),
1028:
The World's Great Tanks from 1916 to the present day
997:
Tank Effectiveness: Conqueror, Conway and Charioteer
528:
propellant (NH). The APDS Mk. 1 was fielded in 1947.
403:. In the context of counterinsurgency operations in
970:(1st ed.). Harwood Academic Pub. p. 120.
236:
226:
216:
200:
195:
173:
149:
141:
136:
128:
118:
93:
1109:British standard ordnance weights and measurements
1025:
966:Bud, Robert; Gummett, Philip (November 1, 1999).
873:"Centurion Mk.3/5/7/8 - 20 Pounder ammunition"
264:) was a British 84 mm (3.307 inch)
1139:
1064:. London, UK: Jane's Information Group, Ltd.
8:
268:. It was introduced in 1948 and used in the
756:
1146:
1132:
1124:
1050:Armour in Profile (Number 23), Centurion 5
207:226.4 in (5.75 m), 66.7 calibres
90:
1247:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1948
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
771:T-54 and T-55 main battle tanks 1944-2004
625:4.52 kg (3.4 kg without sabot)
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
1232:Cold War artillery of the United Kingdom
587:
813:
734:
701:
939:
769:Zaloga, Steve; Johnson, Hugh (2004).
7:
801:
741:
560:using a No. 410 Mk. 1 instantaneous
1053:. Surrey: Profile Publications Ltd.
832:, p. 9 – via Archive.org
1104:Pounds as a measure of cannon bore
1006:Centurion Universal Tank 1943-2003
875:. 12 November 2022. Archived from
25:
1008:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
628:1,325 m/s (4,350 ft/s)
1201:
1200:
522:Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot
420:
333:
101:
31:
1237:Tank guns of the United Kingdom
684:910 m/s (3,000 ft/s)
480:The 20-pounder could also fire
242:+18° to −10° in Centurion Mk 5
95:Ordnance QF 20 pounder Mark I
1:
1058:Ogorkiewicz, Richard (1991).
1032:. Brown Packaging Books Ltd.
670:251 m/s (820 ft/s)
306:, it ran through two models:
232:84 millimetres (3.31 in)
847:"Centurion Tanks in Vietnam"
387:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
51:. The specific problem is:
1263:
461:projectile had an initial
47:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
1196:
1163:
558:High-Explosive (HE) shell
467:rolled homogeneous armour
313:without a fume extractor.
211:
129:Place of origin
100:
1188:165 mm L9 Demolition Gun
1080:Pugh, Stevenson (1962).
1047:Norman, Michael (1967).
190:South African Border War
1004:Dunstan, Simon (2003).
594:Weight, complete round
1114:Ordnance QF 32-pounder
1084:. Macdonald & Co.
507:
319:with a fume extractor.
295:Design and development
250:Ordnance QF 20 pounder
499:
1024:Ford, Roger (1997).
917:militaerfahrzeuge.ch
58:improve this article
1061:Technology of Tanks
879:on 12 November 2022
853:. 26 February 2023
773:. Oxford: Osprey.
757:Ogorkiewicz (1991)
597:Projectile weight
508:
432:. You can help by
345:. You can help by
278:Caernarvon Mark II
272:main battle tank,
1219:
1218:
1211:List of tank guns
1206:British tank guns
1168:QF 20-pdr (84 mm)
1158:post-World War II
688:
687:
524:round. It uses a
457:The 20 pounder's
450:
449:
363:
362:
302:As fitted to the
276:medium tank, and
246:
245:
86:
85:
78:
49:quality standards
40:This article may
16:(Redirected from
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719:KwK 36 8.8 cm AP
715:
709:
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600:Muzzle velocity
588:
538:propellant (WM).
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409:North Vietnamese
358:
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1154:United Kingdom
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851:Mike's Research
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548:DS/T PRAC Mk. 4
532:DS/T PRAC Mk. 2
494:
463:muzzle velocity
455:
446:
440:
437:
430:needs expansion
414:
368:
366:Service history
359:
353:
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343:needs expansion
297:
212:
188:
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142:In service
137:Service history
114:
108:Charioteer tank
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1120:External links
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977:978-9057024818
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814:Dunstan (2003)
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482:high-explosive
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325:L7 105 mm
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196:Specifications
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132:United Kingdom
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1071:0-7106-0595-1
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1039:1-897884-29-X
1035:
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1015:1-84176-387-X
1011:
1007:
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998:
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988:
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954:
948:
945:
942:, p. 12.
941:
940:Norman (1967)
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911:Heller, Urs.
907:
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816:, p. 10.
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762:
759:, p. 70.
758:
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747:
744:, p. 34.
743:
738:
735:
728:
720:
714:
711:
705:
702:
695:
690:
683:
680:
678:22.5 kg
677:
674:
673:
669:
666:
663:
661:SMK BE Mk. 1
660:
659:
655:
652:
649:
646:
645:
641:
638:
636:15.1 kg
635:
633:APDS-T Mk. 3
632:
631:
627:
624:
622:16.4 kg
621:
618:
617:
613:
610:
608:20.6 kg
607:
604:
603:
599:
596:
593:
590:
589:
583:
582:canister shot
579:
576:
573:
569:
566:
563:
559:
555:
552:
549:
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530:
527:
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519:
516:
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491:
489:
487:
486:canister shot
483:
478:
475:
470:
468:
464:
460:
452:
444:
435:
431:
428:This section
426:
423:
419:
418:
415:
412:
410:
406:
405:South Vietnam
402:
397:
395:
390:
388:
385:, during the
384:
379:
377:
373:
365:
357:
348:
344:
341:This section
339:
336:
332:
331:
328:
326:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
307:
305:
300:
294:
292:
290:
289:105 mm L7 gun
286:
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28:
19:
1167:
1081:
1060:
1049:
1027:
1005:
989:Bibliography
967:
961:
952:
947:
920:. Retrieved
916:
881:. Retrieved
877:the original
867:
855:. Retrieved
850:
828:
821:
809:
797:
770:
764:
737:
713:
704:
681:9.5 kg
667:9.3 kg
647:Shell Mk. 1
591:Designation
577:
568:SMK BE Mk. 1
567:
553:
547:
542:APDS-T Mk. 3
541:
531:
517:
511:
479:
471:
456:
438:
434:adding to it
429:
413:
398:
391:
380:
369:
351:
347:adding to it
342:
322:
316:
310:
301:
298:
261:
257:
253:
249:
247:
204: length
169:South Africa
150:Used by
72:
63:
56:Please help
52:
41:
883:12 November
802:Ford (1997)
742:Pugh (1962)
664:18 kg
650:16 kg
619:APDS Mk. 1
605:Shot Mk. 1
572:smoke shell
556: : an
554:Shell Mk. 1
520: : an
453:Performance
401:Vietnam War
376:Suez Crisis
186:Six-Day War
182:Vietnam War
60:if you can.
1226:Categories
1183:120 mm L30
1178:120 mm L11
953:Aktennotiz
780:1841767921
729:References
580: : a
570: : a
518:APDS Mk. 1
512:Shot Mk. 1
492:Ammunition
441:April 2023
372:Korean War
354:April 2023
304:Charioteer
274:Charioteer
260:or simply
254:20 pounder
252:(known as
222:84×618mm R
178:Korean War
1173:105 mm L7
1156:tank guns
922:13 August
857:13 August
691:Footnotes
394:Panzer 58
270:Centurion
238:Elevation
155:Australia
145:1948–1976
1098:See also
1090:10010960
789:60834392
488:shells.
383:Budapest
378:(1956).
266:tank gun
123:Tank gun
88:Tank gun
66:May 2016
42:require
536:cordite
500:20 pdr
317:Model B
311:Model A
228:Calibre
167:Lebanon
161:Finland
157:Austria
44:cleanup
1088:
1068:
1036:
1012:
974:
787:
777:
721:round.
282:Soviet
258:20 pdr
202:Barrel
165:Jordan
163:Israel
159:Canada
18:20 pdr
696:Notes
505:round
459:APCBC
262:20-pr
218:Shell
1086:OCLC
1066:ISBN
1034:ISBN
1010:ISBN
972:ISBN
924:2023
885:2022
859:2023
785:OCLC
775:ISBN
675:CAN
562:fuze
484:and
474:APDS
472:The
374:and
323:The
285:T-54
248:The
174:Wars
119:Type
578:CAN
436:.
349:.
256:,
1228::
932:^
915:.
893:^
849:.
838:^
783:.
749:^
653:/
639:/
611:/
502:HE
291:.
1147:e
1140:t
1133:v
1092:.
1076:.
1074:.
1042:.
1020:.
1018:.
995:"
980:.
926:.
887:.
861:.
791:.
443:)
439:(
356:)
352:(
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
