472:
36:
759:, where double-precision formats offered more than 10-digit accuracy. The 360s also included instructions for variable-length decimal arithmetic for commercial applications, so the practice of using word lengths that were a power of two quickly became commonplace, though at least one line of 36-bit computer systems are still sold as of 2019, the
548:. These calculators had a column of keys for each digit, and operators were trained to use all their fingers when entering numbers, so while some specialized calculators had more columns, ten was a practical limit. Computers, as the new competitor, had to match that accuracy. Decimal computers sold in that era, such as the
651:
These computers had addresses 12 to 18 bits in length. The addresses referred to 36-bit words, so the computers were limited to addressing between 4,096 and 262,144 words (24,576 to 1,572,864 six-bit characters). The older 36-bit computers were limited to a similar amount of physical memory as well.
570:. This was long enough to represent positive and negative integers to an accuracy of ten decimal digits (35 bits would have been the minimum). It also allowed the storage of six alphanumeric characters encoded in a
739:
data type be at least 8 bits, and that all data types other than bitfields have a size that is a multiple of the character size, so standard C implementations on 36-bit machines would typically use 9-bit
408:
2032:
674:
six 6-bit ASCII characters, supporting the upper-case unaccented letters, digits, space, and most ASCII punctuation characters. It was used on the PDP-6 and PDP-10 under the name
1004:
2143:
1326:
401:
1845:
2002:
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quickly moved from 8-bit to 16-bit to 32-bit over a period of a decade. The number of 36-bit machines rapidly fell during this period, offered largely for
532:
Prior to the introduction of computers, the state of the art in precision scientific and engineering calculation was the ten-digit, electrically powered,
1348:
394:
341:
1997:
722:
of the instruction, the "J" field, to access characters. The GE-600 used special indirect words to access 6- and 9-bit characters. the PDP-6/10 had
471:
2069:
347:
718:
shift and mask operations or with special-purpose hardware supporting 6-bit, 9-bit, or variable-length characters. The Univac 1100/2200 used the
1822:
330:
319:
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1890:
1153:
997:
308:
2776:
1917:
1044:
2084:
1912:
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119:
53:
1235:
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2462:
1355:
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1200:
381:
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2079:
1880:
1123:
1101:
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376:
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100:
1619:
1054:
72:
57:
2074:
1922:
1756:
1370:
1331:
1188:
968:
475:
Friden mechanical calculator. The electronic computer word length of 36-bits was chosen, in part, to match its precision.
2511:
2356:
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1749:
1710:
1365:
1360:
1294:
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506:
361:
298:
140:
79:
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86:
46:
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545:
295:
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730:
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68:
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2405:
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2020:
1979:
1967:
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1430:
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445:
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1959:
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575:
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517:
358:
2827:
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2012:
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533:
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422:
2857:
2793:
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2101:
1991:
1938:
1470:
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1021:
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slices that can be configured to support the multiplication of two 36-bit numbers. The DSP block in
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336:
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245:
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93:
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Architectures that survived evolved over time to support larger virtual address spaces using
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s, although 12-bit, 18-bit, or 36-bit would also satisfy the requirements of the standard.
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2054:
1637:
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1252:
1076:
756:
513:
495:
433:
854:"Would you please go over the rules about bytes, chars, and characters one more time?"
853:
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682:
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618:
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537:
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2204:
2059:
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and DECSYSTEM-10-compatible hardware and retired the service in the late 2000s.
594:
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35:
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688:
five 7-bit characters and 1 unused bit (the usual PDP-6/10 convention, called
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907:
2676:
2673:
2415:
1485:
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626:
314:
479:
Starting in the 1960s, but especially the 1970s, the introduction of 7-bit
563:
Early binary computers aimed at the same market therefore often used a 36-
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17:
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1515:
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1973:
1505:
1475:
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557:
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2837:
1985:
1905:
1495:
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578:
986:
1425:
1415:
564:
502:
441:
29:
491:
bytes, with word sizes that were multiples of 8, notably the
512:. By the mid-1970s the conversion was largely complete, and
969:"Digital Signal Processing (DSP) Blocks in Stratix Devices"
809:
Stratix FPGAs can do 36-bit additions and multiplications.
755:
full words, scientific calculations had largely shifted to
724:
special instructions to access arbitrary-length byte fields
763:
ClearPath Dorado series, which is the continuation of the
464:
of that size. 36-bit computers were popular in the early
931:"C++ FAQ: the rules about bytes, chars, and characters"
685:
characters packed into 32 bits, plus four spare bits
2867:
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2011:
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1618:
1590:
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1401:
1304:
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1164:
1020:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
714:Characters were extracted from words either using
781:computers in the late 1960s. It continued using
452:(ALU) architectures are those that are based on
998:
444:(six six-bit characters) wide. Also, 36-bit
402:
8:
468:era from the 1950s through the early 1970s.
2003:Computer performance by orders of magnitude
574:. Computers with 36-bit words included the
2468:
2108:
1729:
1587:
1301:
1005:
991:
983:
556:, had a word length of ten digits, as did
409:
395:
131:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
863:
861:
659:The common character packings included:
470:
848:
846:
842:
357:
294:
259:
139:
134:
671:characters (ubiquitous in early usage)
648:words, so a double word was 36 bits.
7:
1974:Floating-point operations per second
609:, the Digital Equipment Corporation
58:adding citations to reliable sources
487:led to the move to machines using
25:
560:, one of the earliest computers.
2900:Semiconductor device fabrication
944:"LatticeECP3 sysDSP Usage Guide"
536:, such as those manufactured by
135:Computer architecture bit widths
34:
2875:History of general-purpose CPUs
1102:Nondeterministic Turing machine
909:ISO/IEC 9899:1999 specification
886:ISO/IEC 9899:1999 specification
45:needs additional citations for
27:Computer architecture bit width
1055:Deterministic finite automaton
975:+accessdate=December 27, 2013.
733:requires that the size of the
1:
1846:Simultaneous and heterogenous
695:four 8-bit characters (7-bit
440:units are those that are 36
2530:Integrated memory controller
2512:Translation lookaside buffer
1711:Memory dependence prediction
1154:Random-access stored program
1107:Probabilistic Turing machine
874:: "A file transfer protocol"
827:(36-bit Page Size Extension)
1986:Synaptic updates per second
747:By the time IBM introduced
706:four 9-bit characters (the
699:plus 1 spare bit, or 8-bit
2952:
2390:Heterogeneous architecture
1312:Orthogonal instruction set
1082:Alternating Turing machine
1070:Quantum cellular automaton
819:Physical Address Extension
777:was launched using 36-bit
632:Smaller machines like the
2880:Microprocessor chronology
2843:Dynamic frequency scaling
1998:Cache performance metrics
789:Other uses in electronics
583:IBM 701/704/709/7090/7094
2895:Hardware security module
2238:Digital signal processor
2215:Graphics processing unit
2027:Graphics processing unit
2848:Dynamic voltage scaling
2631:Memory address register
2525:Branch target predictor
2489:Address generation unit
2232:Physics processing unit
2021:Central processing unit
1980:Transactions per second
1968:Instructions per second
1891:Array processing (SIMT)
1035:Stored-program computer
765:UNIVAC 1100/2200 series
720:partial word designator
703:), plus four spare bits
603:General Electric GE-600
446:central processing unit
2654:Hardwired control unit
2536:Memory management unit
2501:Memory management unit
2250:Secure cryptoprocessor
2244:Tensor Processing Unit
2226:Vision processing unit
1960:Cycles per instruction
1954:Instructions per cycle
1901:Associative processing
1592:Instruction pipelining
1014:Processor technologies
912:. p. 37, § 6.2.6.1 (4)
731:C programming language
576:MIT Lincoln Laboratory
572:six-bit character code
518:backward compatibility
507:Data General MV series
476:
359:Decimal floating-point
2737:Sum-addressed decoder
2483:Arithmetic logic unit
1610:Classic RISC pipeline
1564:Epiphany architecture
1411:Motorola 68000 series
948:Lattice Semiconductor
799:Lattice Semiconductor
656:or other mechanisms.
627:Symbolics 3600 series
534:mechanical calculator
503:Digital Equipment VAX
474:
450:arithmetic logic unit
423:computer architecture
296:Binary floating-point
2858:Performance per watt
2436:replacement policies
2102:Package on a package
1992:Performance per watt
1896:Pipelined processing
1666:Tomasulo's algorithm
1471:Clipper architecture
1327:Application-specific
1040:Finite-state machine
889:. p. 20, § 5.2.4.2.1
54:improve this article
2890:Digital electronics
2543:Instruction decoder
2495:Floating-point unit
2149:Soft microprocessor
2096:System in a package
1671:Reservation station
1201:Transport-triggered
769:mainframe computers
654:memory segmentation
2762:Integrated circuit
2606:Processor register
2260:Baseband processor
1605:Operand forwarding
1065:Cellular automaton
510:superminicomputers
477:
466:mainframe computer
69:"36-bit computing"
2923:
2922:
2812:
2811:
2431:Instruction cache
2421:Scratchpad memory
2268:
2267:
2255:Network processor
2184:Network on a chip
2139:Ultra-low-voltage
2090:Multi-chip module
1933:
1932:
1719:
1718:
1706:Branch prediction
1683:Register renaming
1577:
1576:
1559:VISC architecture
1381:Quantum computing
1376:VISC architecture
1258:Secondary storage
1174:Microarchitecture
1134:Register machines
520:purposes running
419:
418:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2943:
2885:Processor design
2777:Power management
2659:Instruction unit
2520:Branch predictor
2469:
2167:System on a chip
2109:
1949:Transistor count
1873:Flynn's taxonomy
1730:
1588:
1391:Addressing modes
1302:
1248:Memory hierarchy
1112:Hypercomputation
1030:Abstract machine
1007:
1000:
993:
984:
977:
976:
965:
959:
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934:
929:Marshall Cline.
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921:
920:
918:
917:
904:
898:
897:
895:
894:
881:
875:
865:
856:
852:Marshall Cline.
850:
831:UTF-9 and UTF-18
793:The LatticeECP3
743:
737:
690:five-seven ASCII
617:(as used in the
599:1100/2200 series
434:memory addresses
411:
404:
397:
132:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
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2950:
2946:
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2944:
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2941:
2940:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2905:Tick–tock model
2863:
2819:
2808:
2748:
2732:Address decoder
2686:
2640:
2636:Program counter
2611:Status register
2592:
2547:
2507:Load–store unit
2474:
2467:
2394:
2363:
2264:
2221:Image processor
2196:
2189:
2159:
2153:
2129:Microcontroller
2119:Embedded system
2107:
2007:
1940:
1929:
1867:
1817:
1715:
1692:
1676:Re-order buffer
1647:
1628:Data dependency
1614:
1573:
1403:
1397:
1296:
1295:Instruction set
1289:
1275:Multiprocessing
1243:Cache hierarchy
1236:Register/memory
1160:
1060:Queue automaton
1016:
1011:
981:
980:
967:
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962:
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950:
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928:
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906:
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883:
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859:
851:
844:
839:
815:
791:
741:
735:
530:
522:legacy programs
514:microprocessors
415:
386:
353:
290:
255:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2949:
2947:
2939:
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2928:
2927:
2921:
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2918:
2917:
2912:
2910:Pin grid array
2907:
2902:
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2769:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2744:Barrel shifter
2741:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2727:Binary decoder
2724:
2723:
2722:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2679:
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2656:
2650:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2616:Stack register
2613:
2608:
2602:
2600:
2594:
2593:
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2588:
2583:
2573:
2568:
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2557:
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2517:
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2428:
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2418:
2408:
2402:
2400:
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2369:
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2349:
2344:
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2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
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2269:
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2263:
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2223:
2218:
2212:
2210:AI accelerator
2207:
2201:
2199:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2181:
2176:
2173:Multiprocessor
2170:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2124:Microprocessor
2121:
2115:
2113:
2112:By application
2106:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2055:Tile processor
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2035:
2024:
2017:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1971:
1965:
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1963:
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1841:Hyperthreading
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1823:Multithreading
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1615:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1600:Pipeline stall
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1594:
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1575:
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1553:
1552:
1551:
1549:z/Architecture
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1518:
1513:
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1503:
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1413:
1407:
1405:
1399:
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1394:
1393:
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1341:
1340:
1339:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1253:Virtual memory
1245:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1077:Turing machine
1074:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1002:
995:
987:
979:
978:
960:
935:
922:
899:
876:
857:
841:
840:
838:
835:
834:
833:
828:
822:
814:
811:
790:
787:
757:floating point
712:
711:
704:
693:
686:
679:
672:
663:six 6-bit IBM
607:Honeywell 6000
529:
526:
496:IBM System/360
417:
416:
414:
413:
406:
399:
391:
388:
387:
385:
384:
379:
374:
368:
365:
364:
355:
354:
352:
351:
345:
339:
334:
328:
323:
317:
312:
305:
302:
301:
292:
291:
289:
288:
283:
278:
273:
267:
264:
263:
257:
256:
254:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
147:
144:
143:
137:
136:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2948:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2705:Demultiplexer
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2626:Memory buffer
2624:
2622:
2621:Register file
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2561:Combinational
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
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2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2470:
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2459:
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2434:
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2414:
2413:
2412:
2409:
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2401:
2397:
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2300:
2298:
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2288:
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2283:
2280:
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2277:
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2271:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2192:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
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1936:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1916:
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1911:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
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1834:
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1829:
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1820:
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1802:
1799:
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1787:
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1777:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
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1760:
1758:
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1738:
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1722:
1712:
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1701:
1699:
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1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:Scoreboarding
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1643:False sharing
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1436:Stanford MIPS
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1400:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1297:architectures
1292:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1265:Heterogeneous
1263:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1216:Memory access
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:Random-access
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1129:Stack machine
1127:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1045:with datapath
1043:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1003:
1001:
996:
994:
989:
988:
985:
974:
970:
964:
961:
949:
945:
939:
936:
932:
926:
923:
911:
910:
903:
900:
888:
887:
880:
877:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
855:
849:
847:
843:
836:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
816:
812:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
788:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
738:
732:
729:The standard
727:
725:
721:
717:
709:
705:
702:
698:
694:
691:
687:
684:
680:
677:
673:
670:
666:
662:
661:
660:
657:
655:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
577:
573:
569:
566:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
527:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
508:
504:
500:
497:
494:
490:
486:
482:
473:
469:
467:
463:
459:
458:address buses
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
428:
424:
412:
407:
405:
400:
398:
393:
392:
390:
389:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
367:
366:
363:
360:
356:
349:
346:
343:
340:
338:
335:
332:
329:
327:
324:
321:
318:
316:
313:
310:
307:
306:
304:
303:
300:
297:
293:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
268:
266:
265:
262:
258:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
146:
145:
142:
138:
133:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2915:Chip carrier
2853:Clock gating
2772:Mixed-signal
2669:Write buffer
2646:Control unit
2458:Clock signal
2197:accelerators
2179:Cypress PSoC
1836:Simultaneous
1653:Out-of-order
1285:Neuromorphic
1166:Architecture
1124:Belt machine
1117:Zeno machine
1050:Hierarchical
963:
951:. Retrieved
938:
925:
914:. Retrieved
908:
902:
891:. Retrieved
885:
879:
792:
773:
746:
728:
719:
716:machine code
713:
710:convention).
689:
683:DEC Radix-50
658:
650:
631:
623:DECSYSTEM-20
619:DECsystem-10
562:
531:
478:
426:
420:
210:
116:
110:October 2009
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2700:Multiplexer
2664:Data buffer
2375:Single-core
2347:bit slicing
2205:Coprocessor
2060:Coprocessor
1941:performance
1863:Cooperative
1853:Speculative
1813:Distributed
1772:Superscalar
1757:Instruction
1725:Parallelism
1698:Speculative
1530:System/3x0
1402:Instruction
1179:Von Neumann
1092:Post–Turing
625:), and the
587:UNIVAC 1103
568:word length
436:, or other
261:Application
251:bit slicing
2820:management
2715:Multiplier
2576:Logic gate
2566:Sequential
2473:Functional
2453:Clock rate
2426:Data cache
2399:Components
2380:Multi-core
2368:Core count
1858:Preemptive
1762:Pipelining
1745:Bit-serial
1688:Wide-issue
1633:Structural
1555:Tilera ISA
1521:MicroBlaze
1491:ETRAX CRIS
1386:Comparison
1231:Load–store
1211:Endianness
916:2023-07-24
893:2023-07-24
837:References
803:multiplier
775:CompuServe
749:System/360
483:and 8-bit
462:data buses
448:(CPU) and
80:newspapers
2936:Data unit
2754:Circuitry
2674:Microcode
2598:Registers
2441:coherence
2416:CPU cache
2274:Word size
1939:Processor
1583:Execution
1486:DEC Alpha
1464:Power ISA
1280:Cognitive
1087:Universal
953:April 29,
499:mainframe
454:registers
362:precision
299:precision
2930:Category
2692:Datapath
2385:Manycore
2357:variable
2195:Hardware
1831:Temporal
1511:OpenRISC
1206:Cellular
1196:Dataflow
1189:modified
813:See also
801:include
669:Fieldata
554:IBM 7070
552:and the
542:Marchant
430:integers
2868:Related
2799:Quantum
2789:Digital
2784:Boolean
2682:Counter
2581:Quantum
2342:512-bit
2337:256-bit
2332:128-bit
2175:(MPSoC)
2160:on chip
2158:Systems
1976:(FLOPS)
1789:Process
1638:Control
1620:Hazards
1506:Itanium
1501:Unicore
1459:PowerPC
1184:Harvard
1144:Pointer
1139:Counter
1097:Quantum
708:Multics
550:IBM 650
528:History
94:scholar
2804:Switch
2794:Analog
2532:(IMC)
2503:(MMU)
2352:others
2327:64-bit
2322:48-bit
2317:32-bit
2312:24-bit
2307:16-bit
2302:15-bit
2297:12-bit
2134:Mobile
2050:Stream
2045:Barrel
2040:Vector
2029:(GPU)
1988:(SUPS)
1956:(IPC)
1808:Memory
1801:Vector
1784:Thread
1767:Scalar
1569:Others
1516:RISC-V
1481:SuperH
1450:Power
1446:MIPS-X
1421:PDP-11
1270:Fabric
1022:Models
973:Altera
870:
825:PSE-36
807:Altera
783:PDP-10
779:PDP-10
761:Unisys
753:32-bit
701:EBCDIC
676:sixbit
646:18-bit
642:PDP-15
615:PDP-10
601:, the
585:, the
581:, the
546:Monroe
538:Friden
493:32-bit
485:EBCDIC
427:36-bit
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
18:36-bit
2860:(PPW)
2818:Power
2710:Adder
2586:Array
2553:Logic
2514:(TLB)
2497:(FPU)
2491:(AGU)
2485:(ALU)
2475:units
2411:Cache
2292:8-bit
2287:4-bit
2282:1-bit
2246:(TPU)
2240:(DSP)
2234:(PPU)
2228:(VPU)
2217:(GPU)
2186:(NoC)
2169:(SoC)
2104:(PoP)
2098:(SiP)
2092:(MCM)
2033:GPGPU
2023:(CPU)
2013:Types
1994:(PPW)
1982:(TPS)
1970:(IPS)
1962:(CPI)
1733:Level
1544:S/390
1539:S/370
1534:S/360
1476:SPARC
1454:POWER
1337:TRIPS
1305:Types
821:(PAE)
797:from
795:FPGAs
751:with
697:ASCII
644:used
638:PDP-9
634:PDP-1
611:PDP-6
591:1103A
558:ENIAC
489:8-bit
481:ASCII
460:, or
101:JSTOR
87:books
2838:ACPI
2571:Glue
2463:FIFO
2406:Core
2144:ASIP
2085:CPLD
2080:FPOA
2075:FPGA
2070:ASIC
1923:SPMD
1918:MIMD
1913:MISD
1906:SWAR
1886:SIMD
1881:SISD
1796:Data
1779:Task
1750:Word
1496:M32R
1441:MIPS
1404:sets
1371:ZISC
1366:NISC
1361:OISC
1356:MISC
1349:EPIC
1344:VLIW
1332:EDGE
1322:RISC
1317:CISC
1226:HUMA
1221:NUMA
955:2019
742:char
736:char
681:six
597:and
595:1105
579:TX-2
544:and
505:and
501:and
442:bits
438:data
350:(Ă—8)
344:(Ă—4)
333:(Ă—2)
322:(Ă—1)
311:(×½)
73:news
2833:APM
2828:PMU
2720:CPU
2677:ROM
2448:Bus
2065:PAL
1740:Bit
1526:LMC
1431:ARM
1426:x86
1416:VAX
872:114
868:RFC
767:of
667:or
665:BCD
565:bit
421:In
382:128
348:256
342:128
246:512
241:256
236:128
141:Bit
56:by
2932::
2767:3D
971:.
946:.
860:^
845:^
771:.
726:.
629:.
540:,
524:.
456:,
432:,
425:,
377:64
372:32
337:80
331:64
326:40
320:32
315:24
309:16
286:64
281:32
276:16
231:64
226:60
221:48
216:45
211:36
206:32
201:31
196:30
191:28
186:26
181:24
176:18
171:16
166:12
1006:e
999:t
992:v
957:.
933:.
919:.
896:.
692:)
678:.
640:/
636:/
621:/
613:/
605:/
593:/
589:/
410:e
403:t
396:v
271:8
161:8
156:4
151:1
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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