1230:"What? Why? What of it?" is a plan of study of alliterative methods for the teacher emphasized by Professor W.C. Wilkinson not as original with himself but as of venerable authority. "It is, in fact," he says, "an almost immemorial orator's analysis. First the facts, next the proof of the facts, then the consequences of the facts. This analysis has often been expanded into one known as "The Five Ws": "When? Where? Who? What? Why?" Hereby attention is called, in the study of any lesson: to the date of its incidents; to their place or locality; to the person speaking or spoken to, or to the persons introduced, in the narrative; to the incidents or statements of the text; and, finally, to the applications and uses of the lesson teachings.
661:
62:
612:
849:
For
Aristotle, the elements are used to distinguish voluntary or involuntary action, a crucial distinction for him. These elements of circumstances are used by Aristotle as a framework to describe and evaluate moral action in terms of What was or should be done, Who did it, How it was done, Where it
812:
as well as a further set of questions about the elements of circumstance. Primarily, he asks "Whether a circumstance is an accident of a human act" (Article 1), "Whether
Theologians should take note of the circumstances of human acts?" (Article 2), "Whether the circumstances are properly set forth
801:
had much earlier acknowledged
Aristotle as the originator of the elements of circumstances, providing a detailed commentary on Aristotle's system in his "Treatise on human acts" and specifically in part one of two Q7 "Of the Circumstances of Human Acts". Aquinas examines the concept of Aristotle's
1086:
1225:
popularized the "Three Ws" – What? Why? What of it? – as a method of Bible study in the 1880s, although he did not claim originality. This eventually became the "Five Ws", but the application was rather different from that in journalism:
719:
In modern times, journalism students are still taught that these are the fundamental six questions of newswriting. Reporters also use the "5 Ws" to guide research and interviews and to raise important ethical questions, such as
1582:
958:
In other words, no hypothetical question, or question involving particular persons and actions, can arise without reference to these circumstances, and no demonstration of such a question can be made without using
898:, the one who acts in ignorance of any of them seems to act involuntarily, and especially regarding the most important ones. And it seems that the most important circumstances are those just listed, including the
1285:
Starting in the 2000s, the Five Ws were sometimes misattributed to
Rudyard Kipling (referred to as "The Kipling Method"), especially in the management and quality literature, and contrasted with the
967:
It is necessary for students of virtue to differentiate between the
Voluntary and Involuntary; such a distinction should even prove useful to the lawmaker for assigning honors and punishments.
1085:
1143:(1215) enjoined confessors to investigate both sins and the circumstances of the sins. The question form was popular for guiding confessors, and it appeared in several different forms:
915:
I mean, for instance (a particular circumstance or movement or action), How could we advise the
Athenians whether they should go to war or not, if we did not know their strength (
1574:
678:
to ensure that the "lead" or "lede" contains all the essential points of a story. As far back as 1913, reporters were taught that the lead/lede should answer these questions:
1907:, modern scholarship considers the authorship doubtful, and calls him pseudo-Augustine: Edwin Carawan, "What the Laws have Prejudged: Παραγραφή and Early Issue Theory"
2290:
1521:
1264:
By 1917, the "Five Ws" were being taught in high-school journalism classes, and by 1940, the tendency of journalists to address all of the "Five Ws" within the
647:
813:(in Aristotle's) third book of Ethics" (Article 3) and "Whether the most important circumstances are 'Why' and 'In What the act consists'?" (Article 4).
993:
Even though the classical origin of these questions as situated in ethics had long been lost, they have been a standard way of formulating or analyzing
2374:
1612:
1281:
All of you know about – and I hope all of you admit the fallacy of – the doctrine of the five Ws in the first sentence of the newspaper story.
1645:
963:
In any particular act or situation, one needs to interrogate these questions in order to determine the actual circumstances of the action.
1389:
1276:" and sanctified by the schools, is widely giving way to the much more supple and interesting feature lead, even on straight news stories.
1635:
1551:
2131:
1920:
1887:
943:
Essentially, these elements of circumstances provide a theoretical framework that can be used to particularize, explain or predict
2364:
1082:
explained Cicero's application of the elements of circumstances by putting them into correspondence with
Hermagoras's questions:
640:
86:
1763:. Vol. 19. Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Encyclopedia Britannica. pp. Q7. Art. 3. Obj. 3.
660:
2303:
1404:
1383:
1491:
985:
to accuse or defend. It is this application of the elements of circumstances that was emphasised by latter rhetoricians.
1608:
1513:
1334:
1329:
257:
136:
882:), such as gently or violently…And it seems that the most important circumstances are those just listed, including the
2122:
1206:
665:
633:
61:
1444:
1222:
2369:
1298:
353:
293:
172:
167:
101:
1666:
1089:
quis=persona; quid=factum; cur=causa; ubi=locus; quando=tempus; quemadmodum = modus; quib/adminiculis=facultas
1979:
Robertson, D.W. Jr (1946). "A Note on the
Classical Origin of "Circumstances" in the Medieval Confessional".
1878:
1691:
Robertson, D.W. (1946). "A Note on the
Classical Origin of ' Circumstances ' in the Medieval Confessional".
1079:
348:
90:
1717:
Sloan, M.C. (2010). "Aristotle's
Nicomachean Ethics as the Original Locus for the Septem Circumstantiae".
1140:
323:
248:
126:
2045:
1604:
479:
464:
373:
358:
217:
207:
1637:
Behind Every Good Decision: How Anyone Can Use Business Analytics to Turn Data Into Profitable Insight
1842:. Vol. XI. Translated by Roberts, W.R. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. Bk I.12 1372a4-1373a35.
972:
906:
780:
454:
363:
343:
338:
303:
273:
192:
1879:
Rhetoric, Hermeneutics, and Translation in the Middle Ages: Academic Traditions and Vernacular Texts
983:"The characters and circumstances which lead men to commit wrong, or make them the victims of wrong"
2354:
2183:("a person small") who "keeps ten million serving men", and, unlike Kipling, "gets no rest at all".
1304:
1121:
994:
854:
Therefore it is not a pointless endeavor to divide these circumstances by kind and number; (1) the
621:
516:
423:
313:
263:
253:
227:
157:
111:
44:
40:
2166:
2268:
2233:
2225:
1988:
1950:
1904:
1847:
1812:
1768:
1734:
789:
403:
378:
318:
283:
197:
182:
177:
96:
2194:
772:
According to Inoslav Bešker, Professor of Philology at the University of Split in Croatia, the
2359:
2320:
2299:
2127:
2076:
1916:
1883:
1641:
1395:
1125:
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418:
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298:
222:
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202:
131:
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2217:
2064:
2052:
1942:
1726:
1543:
1440:
1016:
998:
850:
happened, and most importantly for what reason (Why), and so on for all the other elements:
806:
532:
489:
484:
413:
383:
333:
288:
187:
2294:
2179:
The poem compares Kipling's own day-to-day situation as a writer/journalist, with that of
1859:
1824:
1780:
1466:
1240:
1235:
776:
are rooted in the seven questions used in ancient Greece to communicate stories clearly:
593:
388:
308:
162:
152:
911:, Aristotle illustrates why the elements are important in terms of human (moral) action:
2180:
2049:
1339:
1273:
1265:
798:
760:
lessons (ages 7–14). In data analytics, the Five Ws are used in the first stage of the
588:
368:
121:
2348:
2237:
1738:
1368:
1272:
The old-fashioned lead of the five Ws and the H, crystallized largely by Pulitzer's "
1093:
1044:
583:
473:
444:
393:
328:
1807:. Vol. X. Translated by Jowett, B. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 1396a7–11.
1483:
2087:
1102:"made the seven circumstances fundamental to the arts of prosecution and defense":
578:
459:
449:
1407: – Process that attempts to determine the facts of a crime and circumstances
2195:
Newspaper Writing in High Schools, Containing an Outline for the Use of Teachers
890:
For Aristotle, ignorance of any of these elements can imply involuntary action:
757:
753:
537:
106:
2221:
1065:
951:
947:
given set of circumstances of action. Hermagoras went so far as to claim that
675:
558:
503:
469:
278:
232:
116:
76:
53:
1433:
Bleyer, Willard Grosvenor (1913). "IV. Structure and Style in News Stories".
1946:
1575:"I keep six honest-serving men. They taught me all I knew. Their names are…"
1377:
1286:
894:
Thus, with ignorance as a possibility concerning all these things, that is,
784:
563:
512:
439:
764:
to identify the business problem and its context in an analytics request.
17:
1933:
Vollgraff, W. (1948). "Observations sur le sixieme discours d'Antiphon".
1434:
1325:
1199:
1099:
522:
29:
Checklist for a journalist's lead/lede: Who? What? Where? When? Why? How?
2251:
Griffin, Philip F. (1949). "The Correlation of English and Journalism".
2229:
1992:
1954:
1398: – Opening paragraph of an article, chapter, or other written work
1268:
of an article was being characterized as old-fashioned and fallacious:
1132:
573:
2315:
e.g. in E. Kim and S. Helal, "Revisiting Human Activity Networks", in
2272:
1190:
Quid, ubi, quare, quantum, conditio, quomodo, quando: adiuncto quoties
1413:
1038:
732:
There are many other names for this checklist. Some common ones are:
598:
33:
752:
In the United Kingdom (excluding Scotland), the Five Ws are used in
2264:
2018:
Citations below taken from Robertson and not independently checked.
1730:
1662:
1312:
761:
659:
2317:
Sensor Systems and Software: Second International ICST Conference
1872:
For more general discussion of the theory of circumstances, see
568:
268:
71:
1026:
Quis, quid, quando, ubi, cur, quem ad modum, quibus adminiculis
997:
since antiquity. The rhetor Hermagoras of Temnos, as quoted in
2210:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
1136:
1010:
1120:
The question form was taken up again in the 12th century by
1084:
1386: – Communication of major details before minor details
2208:
Mott, Frank Luther (1942). "Trends in Newspaper Content".
1198:
The method of questions was also used for the systematic
1033:(Who, what, when, where, why, in what way, by what means)
793:
is in fact the source of the elements of circumstance or
664:
American government poster created during WWII featuring
1170:
Quis, quid, ubi, cum quo, quotiens, cur, quomodo, quando
1150:
Quis, quid, ubi, per quos, quoties, cur, quomodo, quando
1409:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1400:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1373:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
870:), and sometimes (5) with what, such as an instrument (
1299:
Indo-European vocabulary § Pronouns and particles
1180:
Quid, quis, ubi, quibus auxiliis, cur, quomodo, quando
1160:
Quis, quid, ubi, quibus auxiliis, cur, quomodo, quando
1109:
Quis, quid, cur, quomodo, ubi, quando, quibus auxiliis
1056:
Quis, quid, ubi, quibus auxiliis, cur, quomodo, quando
1416:– Game about establishing the basic facts of a crime
1759:Aquinas, Thomas (1952). Sullivan, Daniel J. (ed.).
1009:, applied Aristotle's "elements of circumstances" (
1913:The orator in action and theory in Greece and Rome
1244:(1902), in which a poem, accompanying the tale of
1214:Who, what, and where, by what helpe, and by whose:
1911:Cecil W. Wooten, George Alexander Kennedy, eds.,
1076:, but did not put them in the form of questions.
1392: – Early influential model of communication
1634:Jain, Piyanka; Sharma, Puneet (November 2014).
1279:
1270:
1250:
1234:The "Five Ws" (and one H) were memorialized by
1211:
1037:Aquinas also refers to the elements as used by
821:did it, by what aids or instruments he did it (
1216:Why, how, and when, doe many things disclose.
1544:"Digging deeper into the 5 W's of journalism"
1116:(Who, what, why, how, where, when, with what)
919:), whether it was naval or military or both (
641:
8:
1514:"The 5 W's (and How) of writing for the web"
971:This aspect is encapsulated by Aristotle in
954:are derived from these seven circumstances:
1371: – Prose style used for news reporting
1352:
1317:
1188:
1178:
1168:
1158:
1148:
1107:
1070:
1054:
1042:
1024:
1003:
804:
1221:In the United States in the 19th century,
866:) or (4) in which time something happens (
648:
634:
49:
1380: – Iterative interrogative technique
1324:. This is not a coincidence, as they are
1315:, most also begin with the same letters,
2009:; Hermagoras's original does not survive
802:voluntary and involuntary action in his
715:- Asking about the way something is done
2337:The Effective Change Manager's Handbook
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1669:from the original on September 25, 2020
1425:
1096:also lists circumstances as questions.
878:), such as saving a life, and (7) the (
550:
502:
431:
240:
144:
52:
2120:Richard N. Soulen, R. Kendall Soulen,
2048:(1237) Wilkins, I:645; also quoted in
1855:
1845:
1820:
1810:
1776:
1766:
1447:from the original on December 18, 2023
931:), Who their friends and enemies are (
2005:Robertson, quoting Halm's edition of
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1686:
1684:
1585:from the original on January 29, 2024
1573:Society of Professional Journalists.
1554:from the original on January 29, 2024
1524:from the original on January 29, 2024
1494:from the original on December 7, 2023
1257:Their names are What and Why and When
7:
2198:, University of Kansas, 1917, p. 47.
1838:Aristotle (1920). Ross, W.D. (ed.).
1803:Aristotle (1921). Ross, W.D. (ed.).
1484:"Writing Leads | NMU Writing Center"
1478:
1476:
939:), and with what success; and so on.
1640:. American Management Association.
1615:from the original on March 23, 2011
935:), what wars, too they have waged (
783:, in 2010, it was established that
1548:International Journalists' Network
927:), what their revenues amount to (
691:- Asking about an object or action
25:
2138:Locus, p. 107; Hartmut Schröder,
1661:Bešker, Inoslav (March 2, 2009).
1467:"How to Use the 5 "W"s (And 1 H)"
1390:Lasswell's model of communication
817:For in acts we must take note of
685:- Asking about a person or animal
2288:The Essential Management Toolbox
2029:Concilium Trevirense Provinciale
709:- Asking about a reason or cause
610:
60:
2375:Interrogative words and phrases
2123:Handbook of Biblical Criticism
1405:Means, motive, and opportunity
1:
2170:, Philadelphia, 1888, p. 120.
1436:Newspaper Writing and Editing
1384:Inverted pyramid (journalism)
1307:begin with the same letters,
1253:I keep six honest serving-men
874:), (6) for the sake of what (
599:Pundit / commentator
1609:Times Educational Supplement
1439:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1255:(They taught me all I knew);
896:the circumstances of the act
779:Although long attributed to
137:Index of journalism articles
1332:interrogative pronoun root
1259:And How and Where and Who.
748:Usage outside of journalism
2391:
2222:10.1177/000271624221900110
1296:
1011:
38:
31:
1223:William Cleaver Wilkinson
981:and is used to determine
862:, (3) around what place (
622:Category: Journalism
1303:In English, most of the
1209:wrote in English verse:
1139:, the 21st canon of the
923:), and how great it is (
32:Not to be confused with
2365:Problem solving methods
2285:Simon Burtonshaw-Gunn,
2103:S. Petrus Coelestinus,
1947:10.1163/156852548X00222
1903:Although attributed to
1663:"The Roots of the 5 Ws"
1131:To administer suitable
1049:(Chap. 24 DD1, 104) as:
674:is a checklist used in
559:Journalists (reporters)
2293:April 1, 2024, at the
2153:The Arte of Rhetorique
2140:Subject-Oriented Texts
1894:, as well as Robertson
1605:"The Five Ws of Drama"
1353:
1318:
1283:
1278:
1262:
1232:
1219:
1189:
1179:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1141:Fourth Lateran Council
1108:
1090:
1071:
1062:
1055:
1043:
1025:
1004:
969:
961:
941:
903:
888:
847:
805:
742:Six Honest-Serving Men
738:The 5 Ws of Journalism
703:- Asking about a place
668:
127:Editorial independence
2167:Teaching and Teachers
2164:Henry Clay Trumbull,
2126:, (Louisville, 2001,
2046:Alexander de Stavenby
1611:. September 4, 2008.
1520:. November 14, 2011.
1228:
1205:In the 16th century,
1088:
1051:
965:
956:
913:
892:
852:
815:
795:Septem Circumstantiae
722:How do you know that?
697:- Asking about a time
663:
617:Journalism portal
480:Pink-slime journalism
465:Horse race journalism
1981:Studies in Philology
1761:The Summa Theologica
1693:Studies in Philology
1246:The Elephant's Child
995:rhetorical questions
781:Hermagoras of Temnos
768:Origins in Antiquity
455:Freedom of the press
39:For other uses, see
2253:The English Journal
2192:Leon Nelson Flint,
1719:Classical Philology
1330:Proto-Indo-European
1305:interrogative words
1122:Thierry of Chartres
517:Newspaper of record
1905:Augustine of Hippo
1091:
790:Nicomachean Ethics
669:
2306:, pp. 55, 68, 198
2094:, Wilkins, II:165
2044:Constitutions of
1647:978-0-8144-4921-9
1469:. September 2022.
1396:Lead (journalism)
1328:derived from the
1126:John of Salisbury
1072:loci argumentorum
1012:μόρια περιστάσεως
989:Usage in Rhetoric
734:The Five Ws and H
658:
657:
543:Alternative media
495:Yellow journalism
132:Journalism school
16:(Redirected from
2382:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2313:
2307:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2205:
2199:
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2177:
2171:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2118:
2112:
2101:
2095:
2085:
2079:
2065:Robert de Sorbon
2062:
2056:
2053:Summa Theologica
2042:
2036:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2010:
2003:
1997:
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1540:
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1533:
1531:
1529:
1518:The Buttry Diary
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1480:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1441:Houghton Mifflin
1430:
1410:
1401:
1374:
1356:
1350:and in Latin as
1321:
1192:
1182:
1172:
1162:
1152:
1111:
1074:
1058:
1048:
1028:
1014:
1013:
1007:
999:pseudo-Augustine
810:
807:Summa Theologiae
650:
643:
636:
615:
614:
613:
490:Propaganda model
485:Public relations
64:
50:
21:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2370:English phrases
2345:
2344:
2343:
2331:Richard Smith,
2330:
2326:
2314:
2310:
2295:Wayback Machine
2284:
2280:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2174:
2163:
2159:
2151:Thomas Wilson,
2150:
2146:
2119:
2115:
2102:
2098:
2086:
2082:
2063:
2059:
2043:
2039:
2035:, XXIII, c. 29.
2031:(1227), Mansi,
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2004:
2000:
1978:
1977:
1962:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1902:
1898:
1876:Rita Copeland,
1871:
1867:
1854:
1844:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1819:
1809:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1793:Sloan 2010, 236
1792:
1788:
1775:
1765:
1758:
1757:
1746:
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1704:
1690:
1689:
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1603:
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1507:
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1474:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1408:
1399:
1372:
1365:
1338:, reflected in
1301:
1295:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1241:Just So Stories
1236:Rudyard Kipling
1218:
1215:
991:
979:forensic speech
770:
750:
730:
654:
611:
609:
389:Photojournalism
258:Interventionism
48:
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2388:
2386:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2339:, 2014, p. 419
2324:
2319:, Miami 2010,
2308:
2278:
2265:10.2307/806690
2259:(4): 189–194.
2243:
2200:
2185:
2181:Queen Victoria
2172:
2157:
2144:
2113:
2096:
2080:
2069:De Confessione
2057:
2050:Thomas Aquinas
2037:
2020:
2011:
1998:
1960:
1941:(4): 257–270.
1925:
1896:
1865:
1830:
1795:
1786:
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1725:(3): 236–251.
1702:
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1443:. p. 66.
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1340:Proto-Germanic
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1274:new journalism
1266:lead paragraph
1251:
1248:, opens with:
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1118:
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1035:
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990:
987:
799:Thomas Aquinas
769:
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749:
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729:
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666:interrogatives
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369:New Journalism
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339:Human-interest
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91:code of ethics
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2132:0-664-22314-1
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2015:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1990:
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1921:90-04-12213-3
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1888:0-521-48365-4
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1369:Bury the lede
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1207:Thomas Wilson
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1094:Julius Victor
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1047:
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1045:De Inventione
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1019:of an issue:
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584:Meteorologist
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474:False balance
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445:Fourth Estate
443:
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432:Social impact
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354:Investigative
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168:Entertainment
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77:Writing style
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2099:
2091:
2088:Peter Quinel
2083:
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2040:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2014:
2007:De rhetorica
2006:
2001:
1984:
1980:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1912:
1908:
1899:
1891:
1877:
1873:
1868:
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1789:
1760:
1722:
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1692:
1671:. Retrieved
1656:
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1599:
1587:. Retrieved
1578:
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1556:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1526:. Retrieved
1517:
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1496:. Retrieved
1487:
1461:
1449:. Retrieved
1435:
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1167:
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1005:De Rhetorica
1002:
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788:
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737:
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731:
728:Nomenclature
721:
718:
712:
706:
700:
694:
688:
682:
671:
670:
594:Photographer
528:TV and radio
460:Infotainment
450:Fifth Estate
349:Interpretive
299:Comics-based
80:
26:
2055:I-II, 7, 3.
1987:(1): 6–14.
1937:. 4th ser.
1856:|work=
1821:|work=
1777:|work=
1673:January 29,
1589:January 29,
1558:January 29,
1528:January 29,
1498:January 29,
1451:January 28,
1202:of a text.
1064:Similarly,
837:he did it,
833:he did it,
758:Key Stage 3
754:Key Stage 2
672:The Five Ws
579:Copy editor
409:Underground
324:Explanatory
249:Adversarial
218:Video games
173:Environment
112:Attribution
107:News values
102:Objectivity
2355:Journalism
2349:Categories
2304:0470687436
2142:, p. 176ff
1421:References
1297:See also:
1080:Victorinus
1068:discussed
1066:Quintilian
952:hypotheses
858:, (2) the
845:he did it.
676:journalism
513:Newspapers
504:News media
470:Media bias
374:Non-profit
359:Multimedia
279:Churnalism
208:Technology
117:Defamation
54:Journalism
18:6 W's
2238:143625343
2216:: 60–65.
1935:Mnemosyne
1858:ignored (
1848:cite book
1823:ignored (
1813:cite book
1779:ignored (
1769:cite book
1739:170672521
1619:March 10,
1378:Five whys
1293:Etymology
1287:five whys
1015:) as the
921:What kind
785:Aristotle
564:Columnist
523:Magazines
440:Fake news
364:Narrative
344:Immersion
304:Community
274:Broadcast
2360:Research
2298:, 2009,
2291:Archived
2105:Opuscula
2033:Concilia
1923:, p. 36.
1915:, 2001.
1882:, 1995.
1840:Rhetoric
1805:Politica
1667:Archived
1613:Archived
1583:Archived
1579:LinkedIn
1552:Archived
1522:Archived
1492:Archived
1445:Archived
1363:See also
1326:cognates
1200:exegesis
1100:Boethius
974:Rhetoric
925:How many
917:How much
908:Politics
829:he did,
533:Internet
424:Watchdog
314:Database
269:Blogging
264:Analytic
254:Advocacy
193:Politics
183:Medicine
158:Business
2230:1023893
2155:Book I.
2111:XXV:828
2092:Summula
2027:Mansi,
1993:4172741
1955:4427142
1890:, p. 66
1699:(1): 9.
1488:nmu.edu
1238:in his
1137:sinners
1133:penance
905:In the
569:Blogger
404:Tabloid
379:Opinion
284:Citizen
228:Weather
213:Traffic
198:Science
178:Fashion
97:Culture
81:Five Ws
2333:et al.
2321:p. 223
2302:
2273:806690
2271:
2236:
2228:
2130:
1991:
1953:
1919:
1886:
1737:
1644:
1414:Cluedo
1039:Cicero
701:Where?
574:Editor
419:Visual
399:Sensor
241:Genres
203:Sports
87:Ethics
34:5 whys
2269:JSTOR
2234:S2CID
2226:JSTOR
1989:JSTOR
1951:JSTOR
1735:S2CID
1313:Latin
1311:; in
959:them.
864:Where
831:where
762:BADIR
695:When?
689:What?
551:Roles
414:Video
384:Peace
334:Gonzo
289:Civic
233:World
188:Music
145:Areas
2300:ISBN
2136:s.v.
2128:ISBN
2075:XXV:
1917:ISBN
1884:ISBN
1874:e.g.
1860:help
1825:help
1781:help
1675:2024
1642:ISBN
1621:2011
1591:2024
1560:2024
1530:2024
1500:2024
1453:2024
1348:kha-
1124:and
1017:loci
937:What
929:With
872:With
868:When
860:What
843:when
841:and
827:what
823:with
774:5 Ws
756:and
713:How?
707:Why?
683:Who?
309:Data
163:Data
153:Arts
72:News
43:and
2261:doi
2218:doi
2214:219
2109:MBP
2077:354
2073:MBP
1943:doi
1727:doi
1723:105
1359:.
1346:or
1344:χa-
1342:as
1335:ko-
1309:wh-
1135:to
1041:in
1001:'s
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949:all
945:any
933:Who
900:Why
884:Why
880:How
876:Why
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839:how
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787:'s
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223:War
2351::
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2267:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
