546:
490:, is seeking for him to rescue her, for her father has bestowed her on a knight whom she does not want to marry. Agravain manages to win her for himself and joins the Duke of Cambenic who gives him a castle. He then lives there with her and with his young half-brother Mordred, who at that time is still a squire. But a curse affects Agravain's left arm and the other his left leg, leaving him to greatly suffer until these limbs are anointed with the blood of the best knight alive as well as of the second-best. They decide to send for Gawain but also to seek out the mysterious Black Knight (the incognito Lancelot) that saved Arthur's throne from
587:, however, Lancelot only kills one knight (Tanaguins) and the rest, in fear, refuse to attack Lancelot. Agravain is then among the nobles who sentence Guinevere to be burned at the stake, and Arthur tells Agravain to pick knights to serve as a guard during the burning. Agravain agrees, but insists that Arthur order Gaheris to accompany him as one of the party. When Lancelot and his party attack, Lancelot, riding ahead of the others, charges deliberately at Agravain, whom he recognises, and strikes him though his body with his lance. When King Arthur finds Agravain dead, he falls to the ground in a faint, and says (in
569:). His envy and hatred of Lancelot lead him to believe that they should tell King Arthur about this. When Arthur happens to wander into the argument, he demands to know what it is that he should not be told about. Agravain tells Arthur about Lancelot and Guinevere; a plot is hatched according to which Arthur will go hunting all night without taking Lancelot. Agravain, with Mordred and a group of knights, will keep watch on the king's wife in order to entrap Lancelot when he comes to her and so prove the accusation. This results in Agravain's death, but the details vary depending on the telling.
714:
533:. Dinadan manages to fight them off, but they return to attack him again within the sight of Camelot. Dinadan is now too weak to stand up to both of them and so Mordred quickly knocks him from his horse and Agravain finishes him off. Lying, they later claim the dying Dinadan was mistaken in blaming them for the attack and it must have been some other knights who murdered him. In Malory's telling, Agravain also insists on fighting
704:) is portrayed as a spy for his mother Morgan who grew to be truly loyal to King Arthur. He is a misogynist due to how Morgan treated him, initially unaware that his king is also a woman. This hateful disposition towards women is made worse after his discovery of Guinevere's affair with Lancelot. It is stated that he kept the Round Table united in their dislike of him, and that his death marked the beginning of Camelot's fall.
691:) as heroic, an atypical treatment which can be traced to a curious anomaly in Malory; though consistently depicted as an outspoken enemy of the queen, Agravain is nonetheless chosen as one of Guinevere's knights when she rides out on May Day (a journey that begins the episode dealt with in the film). He is loyal to Arthur and Guinevere and survives at the final battle against Malagant and his army.
55:
1948:
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952:"Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight, a comparison with the French Perceval, preceded by an investigation of the author's other works and followed by a characterization of Gawain in english poems. Inaugural dissertation for obtaining the degree of doctor of philosophy, presented before the philosophical Faculty of the University of Zürich by Martha Carey Thomas. 1883"
1972:
462:
beating up his attacker in an ambush while unprepared and weary from an earlier fight), failing to learn his mysterious opponent's true identity in the process but nevertheless making
Agravain stop trying to kill him by making clear he is in fact vastly superior to him. Years later, upon learning that Gaheris has murdered their mother
461:
himself, relying on his age. He then follows secretly his younger brother, who set out on a quest, determined to prove that he is a better knight than
Gaheris and to once and for all settle this issue by cutting his brother's head off. Yet Gaheris defeats the incognito Agravain twice (including still
456:
to seek out and free Gawain from captivity. Feeling that Merlin always unfairly favoured
Gaheris, Agravain is very jealous and declares that he could rescue Gawain just as good or better than he, yet it is Gawain who achieves the quest. A prophecy says that Gaheris must be knighted first and then he
447:
and were knighted together. When
Agravain brags to his brothers that he would make love to an unwilling damsel if he wanted, Gaheris responds with mockery, and Agravain attacks him, only to be knocked down by Gawain who admonishes Agravain for his proud ways and bullying nature. In the later version
397:
part of the
Vulgate Cycle, Agravain is described as taller than Gawain and with a "somewhat misshapen" body. As "a fine knight" but "arrogant and full of evil words jealous of all other men," he "was without pity or love and had no good qualities, save for his beauty, his chivalry , and his quick
485:
ascribes an important adventure of
Lancelot which is here retold in the order in which it is supposed to have occurred, rather than the textual order which includes explanations told by Agravain at the end. It tells of Agravain being cursed by two damsels on separate occasions, one for wounding a
513:
and attacks, joined by
Agravain. However, when their opponent is beaten down to near death, Agravain asks Gawain to hold back, which is the only time within the cyclic prose romances when he shows compassion. When Gawain refuses to listen and beheads Palamedes anyway, Agravain says he is grieved
494:. A messenger brings Gawain who agrees to give blood that heals Agravain's leg, showing that Gawain is the second-best knight alive. Gawain then finds and persuades Lancelot to give his blood, which does its job, proving that Lancelot is indeed the best knight in the world.
595:): "Oh, fair nephew, how he hated you who stuck you so! Everyone must know that he who deprived my kinsmen of such a knight as you are has inflicted terrible grief on me." Agravain's body is then buried in a very rich tomb in the church at Camelot.
466:, Gawain swears to avenge her. Agravain, for though he had loved his mother, hated Gaheris more and so was glad to see that his brother had done such a deed for which he hoped to see Gaheris put to death. But when Agravain and his half-brother
812:) the names of the four brothers ("Gawain is the oldest, the second Agravain the Proud , Gaheriet and Guerehet are the names of the following two." A brief portrait of the five brothers (including Mordred) can be found in the Prose
649:(1914), the character Sir Agravaine the Dolorous is presented as an unattractive man of little distinction as a knight, characterised by self-doubt and a defeatist attitude, but intelligent and finally successful.
486:
knight in his arm and then joking about it and another for trying to force himself on her and then commenting on seeing her infected leg. Later, he learns that his love, the daughter of King
Tradelmant of
2002:
324:
portion of the
Vulgate Cycle into three or four parts, the last section is named after Agravain. Despite giving his name to the section, Agravain plays only a minor part in most of its stories.
854:
parts V and VI, which begins at chapter 141; in the Micha edition, this corresponds to IV:LXX; in Sommer V:3–9. The division is arbitrary and does not correspond to thematic or narrative logic.
625:
series of books, first released in 1938. White portrays
Agravaine as a drunken, bloodthirsty coward, the brutal "bully" of his family, but also intelligent and not altogether unsympathetic.
850:—which begins with "Here the story says that after Agravain had left his companions..." and proceeds to relate an adventure by Agravain. In the Norris J. Lacy edition, this corresponds to
389:(also known as the Vulgate Cycle) prose works, Agravain is generally portrayed as a handsome man, taller than Gawain, and a skilled fighter. However, unlike his heroic brothers Gawain and
470:
are at the point of beheading Gaheris, Gawain stops them as he believes that they should not shame themselves by killing one who was their brother. The four later attack Morgause's lover
615:
Agravaine, not Gaheris, as in Malory, is the Orkney brother responsible for the murder of his mother in what may be the most widely read 20th-century adaptation of the Arthurian legend:
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together with Gaheris. In this combat, Tristan severely wounds Agravain and calls the Orkney brothers (sans Gareth) the most notorious murderers of good knights in Arthur's realm.
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These divisions are found in some medieval manuscripts and were maintained by some medievalists, such as the 19th-century scholar
583:, the trapped Lancelot attacks the knights who have lain in wait and kills almost all of them, including Agravain. In the Vulgate
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to overthrow the Pendragons and return her to the throne, presumably acting out of revenge for the deaths of his siblings ("
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376:, he is named in a list of respectable knights. This, combined with his unobjectionable depiction in Chrétien's original
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A major motif regarding Agravain's character in the prose romances is his one-sided conflict with his younger brother,
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In the Vulgate Cycle and in works based on it, Agravain is one of the knights who realises that Lancelot and Queen
409:, Agravain courts and marries Florée, a cousin of Princess Hermondine of Scotland, after winning her tournament at
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because Palamedes was such a good knight and, more practically, because this deed will be hard to conceal. In the
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begins with some minor adventures of Agravain. In one of them, he slays the evil lord Druas the Cruel. The Prose
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662:; while purporting to help guide the prince after his father is incapacitated, Agravaine secretly works with
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Lacy, Norris J.; Ashe, Geoffrey; Ihle, Sandra Ness; Kalinke, Marianne E.; Thompson, Raymond H. (2013).
549:"He killed Sir Agrawaine with his first blow, and in a few minutes twelve dead bodies lay around him."
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and decide it as a good time to take vengeance, as Arthur's court believes that Dinadan is still in
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should knight his brothers, however Agravain still insists that he must be knighted only by
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are secret lovers (in the Vulgate, he and his brothers are told of that by their aunt,
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An enumeration of the four brothers (excluding Mordred) can be found in Chrétien's
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366:). The poem's anonymous First Continuation describes him as very quarrelsome. In
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Lancelot-Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation
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Lancelot-Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation
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Verses 8139–8142 in the Dufournet edition; verses 8056–8060 in the Méla edition.
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like them and so they should not fight him, but Gawain cares nothing of their
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In the traditional, albeit contested, division of the massive medieval prose
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The so-called "Agravain" section of the Vulgate Cycle's Prose
443:, Gawain and his two full brothers came to court together as
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when Gawain tells the "white-haired queen" (his grandmother
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658:(2008–2012) in Series 4 as Arthur's contemptuous uncle
2003:
Fictional characters who committed sedition or treason
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505:. Palamedes protests that he is now a Knight of the
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also identifies Agravaine as his mother's murderer.
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299:. In the French prose cycle tradition included in
224:, whose first known appearance is in the works of
317:, which leads to his death at Lancelot's hand.
332:The earliest known appearance of Agravain, as
1114:
891:, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2010, pp. 392–4.
8:
842:Consisting of roughly the last third of the
992:The New Arthurian Encyclopedia: New edition
423:, Arthur marries him to Laurel, a niece of
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632:poem "The Defence of Guenevere" (1858) by
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974:Lancelot-Grail: Lancelot Parts III and IV
885:Lancelot-Grail: Lancelot Parts III and IV
639:In the short-story "Sir Agravaine", from
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717:The Royal Navy military transport HMT
34:
7:
1072:"Merlin, BBC One: behind the scenes"
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652:He appears in the British TV series
729:, an asteroid named after Agravain.
646:The Man Upstairs and Other Stories
276:, participates in the slayings of
25:
1070:Storr, Will (30 September 2011).
1049:. Boydell & Brewer, Limited.
1019:Lancelot-Grail: Chapter summaries
591:'s modern English version of the
525:, see him coming wounded outside
228:. He is the second eldest son of
1970:
1958:
1946:
805:Perceval, the Story of the Grail
687:presents Agravain (portrayed by
355:Perceval, the Story of the Grail
177:
73:Perceval, the Story of the Grail
605:works based on Arthurian legend
369:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
1918:King Arthur's messianic return
931:Etude sur le Lancelot en prose
912:, Livre de Poche: 1993, p. 6.
1:
1022:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd.
352:' 12th-century romance poem
681:Conversely, the 1995 movie
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2023:Knights of the Round Table
1913:Historicity of King Arthur
27:Legendary Arthurian knight
1941:
374:Agravain of the Hard Hand
218:Knight of the Round Table
101:Knight of the Round Table
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1016:Lacy, Norris J. (2010).
622:The Once and Future King
555:Tales of the Round Table
452:, Gaheris is ordered by
1553:Lady/Ladies of the Lake
848:Quest of the Holy Grail
833:, have criticized them.
84:In-universe information
1822:Land/Castle of Maidens
1095:at The Camelot Project
950:Paris, Gaston (1883).
829:, but others, such as
722:
700:, Agravain (voiced by
558:
358:in which he is one of
2028:Family of King Arthur
1043:Lacy, Norris (2010).
972:Norris J. Lacy, ed.,
908:Marie Luce-Chênerie,
883:Norris J. Lacy, ed.,
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603:By and large, modern
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372:, where he is called
252:, and brother to Sir
1998:Arthurian characters
1588:Lynette and Lyonesse
1413:Angharad Golden-Hand
1235:Ambrosius Aurelianus
572:In the English poem
497:In the Post-Vulgate
425:Lynette and Lyonesse
240:'s sisters known as
151:King Arthur's family
2008:Fictional murderers
910:Lancelot du Lac: II
827:Alexis Paulin Paris
721:during World War II
334:Engrevain the Proud
32:Fictional character
1977:History portal
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1528:Guiron le Courtois
1488:Elaine of Corbenic
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694:In the video game
599:Modern adaptations
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450:Post-Vulgate Cycle
350:Chrétien de Troyes
286:Post-Vulgate Cycle
226:Chrétien de Troyes
78:Chrétien de Troyes
2018:Fictional rapists
2013:Fictional princes
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650:
641:P.G. Wodehouse
637:
634:William Morris
630:pre-Raphaelite
626:
600:
597:
593:Lancelot-Grail
589:Norris J. Lacy
542:
539:
432:
429:
403:Jean Froissart
386:Lancelot-Grail
364:us dures mains
342:li Orgueilleus
329:
326:
288:, and murders
168:
167:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
81:
80:
69:
65:
64:
58:
50:
49:
40:
39:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2040:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1956:
1954:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1870:List of works
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
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1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
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1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
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1778:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1769:
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1759:
1756:
1755:
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1747:
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1738:
1736:
1733:
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1697:
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1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:Tegau Eurfron
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1633:Red Knight(s)
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
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1579:
1576:
1574:
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1536:
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1521:
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1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
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1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1438:Lady Bertilak
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
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1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
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1286:
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1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:Morgan le Fay
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
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1158:
1156:
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1148:
1147:
1145:
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1135:
1131:
1124:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1076:The Telegraph
1073:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1056:9780859917704
1052:
1048:
1047:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1029:9781843842521
1025:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1002:9781136606328
998:
995:. Routledge.
994:
993:
985:
982:
978:
975:
969:
966:
961:
957:
953:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
926:
923:
919:
918:9782253063025
915:
911:
905:
902:
898:
897:9781843842354
894:
890:
886:
880:
877:
871:
868:
861:
853:
849:
845:
839:
836:
832:
831:Ferdinand Lot
828:
822:
819:
815:
811:
807:
806:
799:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
749:
746:Also spelled
743:
740:
733:
728:
727:9503 Agrawain
725:
724:
720:
719:Sir Agravaine
715:
708:
703:
699:
698:
693:
690:
686:
685:
680:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:
651:
648:
647:
642:
638:
635:
631:
627:
624:
623:
618:
614:
613:
612:
610:
606:
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:
570:
568:
564:
556:
552:
547:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:
512:
508:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
460:
455:
451:
446:
442:
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
421:
416:
415:Thomas Malory
412:
408:
404:
399:
396:
392:
388:
387:
381:
379:
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
357:
356:
351:
347:
346:l'Orgueilleux
343:
339:
335:
327:
325:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
307:
302:
301:Thomas Malory
298:
297:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:Vulgate Cycle
271:
267:
264:, as well as
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
213:
174:
166:
162:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
116:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
79:
75:
74:
70:
66:
62:
56:
51:
47:
46:
41:
36:
30:
19:
1908:Loathly lady
1865:Bibliography
1699:Twrch Trwyth
1448:Blanchefleur
1149:
1075:
1065:
1045:
1038:
1018:
1011:
991:
984:
973:
968:
959:
955:
930:
925:
909:
904:
888:
884:
879:
870:
851:
847:
846:, up to the
843:
838:
821:
813:
803:
798:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
747:
742:
718:
695:
684:First Knight
682:
653:
644:
620:
607:continue to
602:
592:
584:
580:
576:Morte Arthur
575:
571:
560:
554:
517:
498:
496:
482:
478:
476:
440:
434:
418:
406:
400:
394:
384:
382:
377:
373:
367:
363:
353:
345:
341:
333:
331:
321:
319:
304:
295:
266:half-brother
236:with one of
172:
171:
71:
43:
29:
1817:Joyous Gard
1775:Brocéliande
1735:Round Table
1563:Leodegrance
1533:Gwenhwyfach
1262:Round Table
1160:Constantine
1130:King Arthur
617:T. H. White
551:Andrew Lang
507:Round Table
499:Grail Quest
488:North Wales
459:King Arthur
250:King Arthur
238:King Arthur
92:Prince, Sir
59:Agravain's
1992:Categories
1720:Holy Grail
1689:Petitcrieu
1270:Bagdemagus
862:References
787:Aggravayne
783:Aggravains
748:Agravaine,
676:King Uther
611:Agravain.
609:villainize
431:Narratives
338:Old French
134:(brothers)
117:(parents)
97:Occupation
1923:Pendragon
1715:Excalibur
1684:Gringolet
1658:Vortigern
1593:Maleagant
1568:Lohengrin
1463:Brunor(s)
1458:Brangaine
1380:Sagramore
1370:Pellinore
1360:Palamedes
1205:Guinevere
1200:Gingalain
1093:Agravaine
791:Engrevain
751:Agravains
585:Mort Artu
574:Stanzaic
563:Guinevere
503:Palamedes
398:tongue."
311:Guinevere
282:Palamedes
147:Relatives
48:character
18:Agravaine
1858:In media
1842:Tintagel
1832:Lyonesse
1807:Corbenic
1797:Celliwig
1787:Caerleon
1648:Taliesin
1603:Meliodas
1538:Hellawes
1498:Feirefiz
1468:Catigern
1408:Agrestes
1375:Percival
1340:Lancelot
1320:Galehaut
1275:Bedivere
1230:Morgause
1150:Agravain
1132:and the
933:(1918),
852:Lancelot
814:Lancelot
779:Agrauayn
775:Agrauain
771:Agravein
767:Agrevain
763:Agrawayn
759:Agrawain
755:Agravayn
709:See also
531:Cornwall
492:Galehaut
483:Lancelot
479:Lancelot
464:Morgause
407:Méliador
395:Lancelot
378:Perceval
322:Lancelot
315:Lancelot
230:King Lot
173:Agravain
115:Morgause
38:Agravain
1792:Camelot
1758:Astolat
1730:Prydwen
1725:Pridwen
1708:Objects
1613:Nentres
1558:Laudine
1543:Hengist
1523:Guiomar
1513:Gorlois
1473:Claudas
1423:Annowre
1403:Accolon
1385:Tristan
1365:Pelleas
1355:Moriaen
1335:Lamorak
1330:Griflet
1325:Geraint
1315:Galahad
1310:Dinadan
1300:Dagonet
1295:Caradoc
1220:Mordred
1210:Igraine
1185:Gaheris
1165:Culhwch
956:Romania
810:Igraine
672:Ygraine
670:" and "
668:Tristan
664:Morgana
535:Tristan
527:Camelot
523:Dinadan
518:Tristan
472:Lamorak
468:Mordred
448:in the
445:squires
437:Gaheris
411:Camelot
383:In the
296:Tristan
292:in the
290:Dinadan
284:in the
278:Lamorak
270:Mordred
258:Gaheris
244:, thus
216:) is a
165:Camelot
132:Mordred
124:Gaheris
1886:Topics
1875:comics
1837:Sarras
1827:Logres
1763:Avalon
1750:Places
1679:Cavall
1643:Sebile
1638:Rience
1608:Merlin
1583:Lunete
1578:Lucius
1548:Iseult
1350:Lionel
1345:Lanval
1305:Daniel
1290:Cligès
1285:Brunor
1195:Gawain
1190:Gareth
1142:Family
1053:
1026:
999:
916:
895:
793:, etc.
655:Merlin
567:Morgan
557:(1908)
516:Prose
454:Merlin
441:Merlin
391:Gareth
360:Gawain
294:Prose
262:Gareth
260:, and
254:Gawain
246:nephew
234:Orkney
161:Orkney
139:Spouse
128:Gareth
120:Gawain
107:Family
1663:Yniol
1623:Olwen
1508:Garel
1493:Enide
1250:Yvain
1245:Urien
1170:Ector
1155:Cador
977:p.393
734:Notes
541:Death
413:. In
89:Title
1180:Hoel
1051:ISBN
1024:ISBN
997:ISBN
935:p.11
914:ISBN
893:ISBN
628:The
280:and
157:Home
1573:Lot
1433:Ban
1215:Kay
643:'s
619:'s
553:'s
417:'s
405:'s
401:In
303:'s
268:to
248:of
232:of
220:in
111:Lot
76:by
1994::
1074:.
960:12
958:.
954:.
942:^
789:,
785:,
781:,
777:,
773:,
769:,
765:,
761:,
757:,
753:,
427:.
340::
256:,
206:eɪ
163:,
130:,
126:,
122:,
113:,
1122:e
1115:t
1108:v
1078:.
1059:.
1032:.
1005:.
979:.
937:.
920:.
899:.
816:.
336:(
212:/
209:n
203:v
200:.
197:ə
194:r
191:ɡ
188:.
185:æ
182:ˈ
179:/
175:(
20:)
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