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accounts, it is stated that the Buddha himself took shelter in her mango groves and was visited by
Amrapali who paid her obeisance to him and then extended the invitation. He consented to her proposal with silence. On her way back, her chariot collided with that of the princely nobles of Vaishali who were also heading to invite the Buddha to dine with them. They berate her by calling her a 'mango-woman' and ask her, a woman of ill repute, to move aside and let her superiors pass. It is then that she announces that the Buddha was coming to her house for a meal. The princes were upset and offered her gold in return of the privilege of hosting the Buddha but she refuses. Buddha also turns them down, having already committed to Amrapali.
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303:, Bimbisara's son by Queen Chellana (according to Jaina traditions) or Queen Kosala Devi (according to Buddhist traditions), later invaded Vaishali due to a dispute with his brothers. He was so moved by her beauty that when Amrapali was imprisoned, he burned the whole of Vaishali. Almost everyone died in the massacre, except his beloved Amrapali, but when she saw the condition of her motherland, she renounced her love for him.
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wealth she commanded. At the conclusion of the meal, she offered to the Buddha and his order her entire property including her groves which became the venue for several sermons on mindfulness. Soon thereafter, she renounced her position as courtesan or court dancer, accepted the
Buddhist way, and remained an active supporter of the Buddhist order. She dedicated her life to the service of the poor and the destitutes.
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332:' which carried derogatory connotations. However, unlike them, Buddha did not share that kind of prejudice towards her. He ate at her residence and accepted her grove for the Buddhist order. This is often quoted as an example for his unbiased regard towards women. However, what has been noticed is that with the passage of time and as the Therigatha was collated, this bias also entered the Buddhist fold.
297:. He attacked Vaishali, and took refuge in Amrapali's house. Bimbisara was a good musician. Before long, Amrapali and Bimbisara fell in love. When she learned his true identity, Amrapali asked Bimbisara to leave and cease his war. Bimbisara, smitten with love, did as she asked. In the eyes of the people of Vaishali, this incident made him a coward. Later, Amrapali bore him a son named Vimala Kondanna.
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Amrapali's possible alliance with
Bimbisara has also survived mainly through an oral tradition and has not found its way into the Pali canon of Buddhism. This is because Bimbisara was a great royal patron of Buddhism and his links with Amrapali may throw a negative light on him. Amrapali's mention in
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Buddha recognised her beauty and advised his disciples to be mindful in her presence lest they become infatuated with her. Amrapali received the Buddha with her retinue in her grand residence which had been specially decorated for the occasion. It was no less than the palace of any king; such was the
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A third set of scriptures which refer to the story of
Amrapali, and do so most elaborately, come from the Gilgit area of Kashmir and are therefore known as the Gilgit Manuscripts. These are the Tibetan-Sanskrit scriptures of the Mulasarvastivada branch of Buddhism which hold her in high esteem.
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Amrapali grew up to be a lady of extraordinary charm and grace, and was talented in many art forms. Many young nobles desired her company. When
Manudev, king of Vaishali, saw Amrapali perform a dance in the city, he plotted to "own" her. He murdered Amrapali's childhood love and would-be-groom,
244:) clans that had united to form the Vajjian confederacy. The king was elected by an electoral college consisting of princes and nobles from the Kshatriya clans. It was customary that the most beautiful women in the land, rather than marrying one man, dedicated themselves to the pleasure of many.
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However, records of
Chinese travellers who came to India in search of Buddhist texts have made note of Amrapali's early life and her relationship with Bimbisara. The latter is found in the Chinese Recension of the Buddhist tripitaka. This narrative has been written in the Mahayana tradition and
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In
Buddhist records, Amrapali is noted as having had the opportunity to serve food to the Buddha during his last visit to Vaishali, shortly before his death. Amrapali attended his sermon at a nearby grove and was so deeply moved by it that she invited him for a meal at her quarters. In other
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It is said that
Amrapali was declared the "most beautiful" girl at the age of 11 and was later made nagarvadhu.She also is a celebrated rajnartaki (court dancer) in the ancient Vaishali.Amrapali was also proficient in music, dance, hunting, archery, horse handling etc. She had great love for
261:, given to the most beautiful and talented girl of the kingdom for a period of seven years. Amrapali had the right to choose her lovers, but according to the aforementioned custom, she could not be committed to any one man.
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The story of
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268:. Her talent and beauty attracted so many men that the glory of Vaishali during this period is often attributed to Amrapali's fame. The price to see Amrapali's art form was fifty
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lord by the name of
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However, the negative connotation of being a courtesan is still present. Thus, the cultural memory of a courtesan shows a complex pattern, varying across time and place.
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Pushpakumar, on the day of their wedding, and afterwards made an official announcement declaring Amrapali as the 'bride' of Vaishali ā i.e. the
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therefore did not have the onus of representing Bimbisara in a positive light. Hence, their relationship is highlighted.
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On growing up, Amrapali's son, Vimala Kondanna also became a Buddhist monk and a renowned elder.
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Even as a young maiden, Amrapali was exceptionally beautiful and ethereal. It is said that a
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the canon also focuses mostly on the later part of her life when she converted to Buddhism.
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This article is about the courtesan and Buddhist disciple. For the 1966 Hindi film, see
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around 500 BC. Amrapali also won the title of rajnartaki (court dancer). Following the
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Amrapali is also mentioned in the book 'Heroines' by historian writer Ira Mukhoty.
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per night, and her treasury grew much larger than the treasuries of some kings.
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Amrapali was born around 600-500 BCE, to Mahanama & an unknown mother.
170:), particularly in conjunction with the Buddha staying at her mango grove,
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The Legend of Amrapali: An Enchanting Saga Buried Within the Sands of Time
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128:, also known as "AmbapÄlika", "Ambapali", or "Amra" was a celebrated
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Amrapali greets Buddha", ivory carving, National Museum of New Delhi
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Gender in South Asia: Social Imagination and Constructed Realities
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Performance and Culture: Narrative, Image and Enactment in India
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Stars at Dawn: Forgotten Stories of Women in the Buddha's Life
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produced, directed, and starred in a television series called
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Malalasekera: Buddhist Dictionary of Pali Proper Names (s.v.)
197:, the variants on her name derive from a combination of two
27:
Ancient Indian royal courtesan who figured in early Buddhism
816:. Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press. pp. 36ā37.
353:
Amrapali has been the subject of three biographical films:
1286:
AmbapÄlÄ« (AmbapÄlikÄ) in Buddhist Dictionary of Pali names
864:. Boulder: Shambhala Publications, inc. pp. 268ā269.
405:
Amrapali has been the subject of various books, including
908:. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 109.
812:
Buswell Jr.1, Lopez Jr.2, Robert E.1, Donald S.2 (2014).
749:. Daryaganj: Cambridge University Press. pp. 21ā22.
357:(1945) starring Sabita Devi, Jagdish Sethi, Prem Adeeb,
1247:
Vyasa & Vigneswara Malayalam Novel written by Anand
1264:
Digha Nikaya 16 (Mahaparinibbanasutta - part 2, 16-26)
972:. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. p. 92.
181:. The legend of Amrapali originated in the Buddhist
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994:"Amrapali (1959) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos"
625:"Amrapali's Encounter with The Handsome Renunciate"
105:
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424:, a 1962 novel by Vimala Raina. A recent work in
1072:"Vaishali Ki Nagarvadhu (Hindi) - Crossword.in"
289:Stories of her beauty travelled to the ears of
1199:"Inside programming: On the sets of Aamrapali"
771:"Inside programming: On the sets of Aamrapali"
293:, king of the hostile neighbouring kingdom of
3984:
1311:
1261:Khuddaka Nikaya, part 9 (Therigatha) Canto 13
1151:. Calcutta, India. 2012-02-09. Archived from
1097:"Amrapali was more than a luscious courtesan"
8:
2093:Basic points unifying TheravÄda and MahÄyÄna
1031:. Chennai, India. 2002-07-11. Archived from
836:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
721:. Chennai, India. 2002-07-15. Archived from
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1275:Rev. Osho - A story on Buddha and Amrapali
840:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
323:Attitudes towards courtesans in scriptures
254:. She was also bestowed with the title of
55:
44:
34:. For the Indian television series, see
3280:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1270:The Legend of Amrapali by Anurag Anand
645:"Ambapali or Amrapali c 600 BC - India"
504:
3483:List of Buddhist architecture in China
829:
807:
805:
576:"Amrapali: Buddha's gorgeous disciple"
240:, one of the eight Khattiya (Sanskrit
1004:from the original on January 22, 2018
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236:Vaishali was the capital city of the
7:
4513:Performers of Indian classical dance
1291:Amrapali DD1 serial 1st episode-2002
1121:"Amarapali, an inspiration for many"
814:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
3270:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
940:. Oxford: One World Publications.
146:(located in present-day Bihar) in
25:
4152:Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee
1174:"A rarity called professionalism"
713:"Another historical serial on DD"
3951:
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3498:Thai temple art and architecture
3243:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1483:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1349:
1336:
1326:
970:Women Education Through the Ages
482:List of Amar Chitra Katha comics
280:Legends associated with Amrapali
1350:
745:Channa, Subhadra Mitra (2013).
663:"The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum"
549:"The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum"
513:"The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum"
4503:People from the Vajjika League
4024:Prostitution in colonial India
3488:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3290:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2370:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1561:Places where the Buddha stayed
936:The Buddha: A Beginner's Guide
158:. She is mentioned in the old
38:. For the mango cultivar, see
1:
4106:Chaturbhuj Sthan, Muzaffarpur
3503:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
70:
4034:Prostitution in Kuki society
3260:Buddhism and the Roman world
3236:Decline of Buddhism in India
3231:History of Buddhism in India
1331: Topics in
1129:. 2012-01-30. Archived from
1105:. 2013-01-31. Archived from
688:"Here's something different"
154:'s teachings, she became an
4458:Disciples of Gautama Buddha
2458:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2198:
276:classical songs and dance.
4529:
3408:The unanswerable questions
1023:"An artiste set to dazzle"
432:, was completed by author
29:
3936:
3493:Buddhist temples in Korea
2056:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
1959:Three planes of existence
1566:Buddha in world religions
1345:
1233:. Children's Book Trust.
796:"Amrapali - Life History"
369:as King Ajatashatru, and
54:
4147:All Bengal Women's Union
3275:Persecution of Buddhists
2496:Four stages of awakening
1877:Three marks of existence
1463:Physical characteristics
1047:"Vaishali Ki Nagarvadhu"
932:Strong, John S. (2001).
4335:Laaga Chunari Mein Daag
4183:Bangalore Nagarathnamma
4029:Prostitution in Kolkata
2638:Ten principal disciples
1521:(aunt, adoptive mother)
1178:thehindubusinessline.in
1145:"From humour to horror"
904:Verma, Archana (2011).
860:Garling, Wendy (2016).
692:thehindubusinessline.in
600:
383:as Emperor Ajatashatru.
307:Amrapali and the Buddha
264:After being declared a
4039:Prostitution in Mumbai
3348:Buddhism and democracy
2861:Tibetan Buddhist canon
2856:Chinese Buddhist canon
2088:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2083:Early Buddhist schools
1252:Vaishali ki Nagarvadhu
1227:Khanna, Anita (2004).
285:Amrapali and Bimbisara
4508:Indian female dancers
4473:5th-century BC people
4363:Pati Patni Aur Tawaif
4140:NGOs and associations
4094:Major red-light areas
4019:Prostitution in India
4000:Prostitution in India
3358:Eight Consciousnesses
1468:Life of Buddha in art
1230:Stories Of The Buddha
439:A television series,
396:Hridaynath Mangeshkar
185:some 1500 years ago.
116:) of the republic of
4498:5th-century BC women
4483:Indian Buddhist nuns
4478:Ancient Indian women
4126:Shivdaspur, Varanasi
3835:East Asian religions
3265:Buddhism in the West
2836:Early Buddhist texts
2451:Four Right Exertions
1917:Ten spiritual realms
1410:Noble Eightfold Path
1203:indiantelevision.com
968:Gupta, N.L. (2000).
775:indiantelevision.com
553:www.tribuneindia.com
36:Amrapali (TV series)
4171:Notable individuals
4121:Meergunj, Allahabad
4116:Kamathipura, Mumbai
4044:Sacred prostitution
3958:Religion portal
3705:Temple of the Tooth
3584:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2623:UpÄsaka and UpÄsikÄ
2116:BodhipakkhiyÄdhammÄ
1899:Two truths doctrine
1719:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1519:Mahapajapati Gotamī
537:History of Vaishali
4277:Born into Brothels
4262:In popular culture
4188:Begum Hazrat Mahal
4131:Sonagachi, Kolkata
4101:Budhwar Peth, Pune
3880:Western philosophy
3478:Dzong architecture
3300:Vipassana movement
3295:Buddhist modernism
2723:Emperor Wen of Sui
2491:PratyekabuddhayÄna
2424:Threefold Training
2226:Vipassana movement
1942:Hungry Ghost realm
1762:AvidyÄ (Ignorance)
1709:Puį¹į¹a MantÄnÄ«putta
1458:Great Renunciation
1453:Eight Great Events
1335:
1126:The Times of India
1102:The Times of India
630:The Times of India
467:Buddha (TV series)
443:, was telecast on
386:Bollywood actress
348:In popular culture
217:ā hence her name.
4468:Indian courtesans
4445:
4444:
4075:Nagarvadhu system
4014:Indian Penal Code
3966:
3965:
3604:Om mani padme hum
3310:Women in Buddhism
3226:Buddhist councils
3096:Western countries
2884:MadhyamakÄlaį¹kÄra
2645:Shaolin Monastery
2222:Samatha-vipassanÄ
1832:PratÄ«tyasamutpÄda
1636:Metteyya/Maitreya
1554:
1546:
1538:
1530:
1522:
1514:
1506:
1383:Four Noble Truths
1256:Acharya Chatursen
1240:978-81-7011-913-5
979:978-81-7022-826-4
947:978-1-78074-054-6
915:978-1-4438-2735-5
823:978-0-691-15786-3
756:978-1-107-04361-9
487:Amar Chitra Katha
418:Acharya Chatursen
375:(1966), starring
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
4520:
4463:Indian Buddhists
4070:Dance bar system
3993:
3986:
3979:
3970:
3956:
3955:
3944:
3943:
3783:Sacred languages
3631:Maya Devi Temple
3594:Mahabodhi Temple
3398:Secular Buddhism
3363:Engaged Buddhism
2203:
2051:Tibetan Buddhism
2002:Vietnamese Thiį»n
1601:MahÄsthÄmaprÄpta
1552:
1544:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1353:
1352:
1340:
1330:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1297:
1244:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1074:. Archived from
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
990:
984:
983:
965:
952:
951:
939:
929:
920:
919:
901:
876:
875:
857:
846:
845:
835:
827:
809:
800:
799:
792:
786:
785:
783:
781:
767:
761:
760:
742:
727:
726:
709:
703:
702:
700:
698:
684:
678:
677:
675:
673:
667:tribuneindia.com
659:
653:
652:
647:. Archived from
641:
635:
634:
633:. June 30, 2006.
621:
615:
609:
603:
598:
592:
586:
580:
579:
572:
563:
562:
560:
559:
545:
539:
534:
528:
527:
525:
523:
517:tribuneindia.com
509:
379:as Amrapali and
365:as Amrapali and
361:(1959) starring
75:
72:
59:
45:
40:Amrapali (mango)
21:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4493:Ancient dancers
4448:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4257:
4166:
4135:
4111:G.B.Road, Delhi
4089:
4048:
4002:
3997:
3967:
3962:
3950:
3932:
3884:
3799:
3714:
3451:Ordination hall
3412:
3314:
3285:Buddhist crisis
3197:
2894:
2846:Mahayana sutras
2822:
2818:ThĆch Nhįŗ„t Hįŗ”nh
2649:
2522:
2462:
2412:Bodhisattva vow
2097:
1963:
1903:
1862:Taį¹hÄ (Craving)
1797:Five hindrances
1748:
1640:
1570:
1424:
1369:
1341:
1324:
1282:
1241:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1156:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1081:
1079:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1005:
992:
991:
987:
980:
967:
966:
955:
948:
931:
930:
923:
916:
903:
902:
879:
872:
859:
858:
849:
828:
824:
811:
810:
803:
794:
793:
789:
779:
777:
769:
768:
764:
757:
744:
743:
730:
711:
710:
706:
696:
694:
686:
685:
681:
671:
669:
661:
660:
656:
643:
642:
638:
623:
622:
618:
614:Pali dictionary
612:Ambapaali Sutta
610:
606:
599:
595:
591:Pali dictionary
587:
583:
574:
573:
566:
557:
555:
547:
546:
542:
535:
531:
521:
519:
511:
510:
506:
501:
496:
457:
350:
325:
309:
287:
282:
259:Janpad Kalayani
234:
191:
93:
81:
76:
73:
62:
50:
43:
32:Amrapali (film)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4526:
4524:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4450:
4449:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4432:
4424:
4416:
4412:Umrao Jaan Ada
4408:
4405:The Other Song
4401:
4394:
4391:Salaam Bombay!
4387:
4380:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4323:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4228:Nalini Jameela
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4060:Aadhiya system
4056:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4008:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3973:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3948:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3894:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3815:
3809:
3807:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3724:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3515:Greco-Buddhist
3507:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3466:Burmese pagoda
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3422:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3324:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3248:Greco-Buddhism
3245:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3207:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3181:United Kingdom
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3126:Czech Republic
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2890:Abhidharmadīpa
2887:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2808:B. R. Ambedkar
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2728:Songtsen Gampo
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2407:Eight precepts
2404:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2286:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2195:
2185:
2180:
2178:Five Strengths
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1973:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1817:Mental factors
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1669:MahamoggallÄna
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1584:AvalokiteÅvara
1580:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1548:
1540:
1532:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1385:
1379:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1280:External links
1278:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1190:
1165:
1136:
1133:on 2013-09-21.
1112:
1109:on 2013-05-17.
1088:
1063:
1038:
1035:on 2003-06-30.
1014:
985:
978:
953:
946:
921:
914:
877:
870:
847:
822:
801:
787:
762:
755:
728:
725:on 2013-09-21.
704:
679:
654:
651:on 2013-02-09.
636:
616:
604:
593:
589:Ambapaali vana
581:
564:
540:
529:
503:
502:
500:
497:
495:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
458:
456:
453:
452:
451:
448:
437:
410:Ki Nagarvadhu,
403:
392:Women of India
384:
377:Vyjayanthimala
349:
346:
324:
321:
308:
305:
286:
283:
281:
278:
238:Licchavi tribe
233:
232:As a courtesan
230:
195:Etymologically
190:
187:
121:
120:
107:
106:Known for
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
89:
87:
83:
82:
77:
74: 500 BCE
68:
64:
63:
60:
52:
51:
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4525:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4291:Bazaar-e-Husn
4288:
4286:
4285:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4198:Binodini Dasi
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4080:Nautch system
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4065:Chukri System
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3994:
3989:
3987:
3982:
3980:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3947:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3720:Miscellaneous
3717:
3711:
3710:Vegetarianism
3708:
3706:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
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3601:
3600:
3597:
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3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3532:Buddha in art
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3499:
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3404:
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3329:
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3325:
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3321:
3317:
3311:
3308:
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3301:
3298:
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3258:
3254:
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3250:
3249:
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3241:
3237:
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3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:United States
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
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3094:
3090:
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3018:
3013:
3009:
3006:
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2999:
2996:
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2989:
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2801:
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2779:
2776:
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2759:
2756:
2754:
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2749:
2746:
2744:
2743:Padmasambhava
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
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2679:
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2664:
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2660:
2658:
2656:
2655:Major figures
2652:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2601:Western tulku
2599:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
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2559:
2557:
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2549:
2547:
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2534:
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2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
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2479:
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2474:
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2459:
2456:
2452:
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2444:
2440:
2437:
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2432:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2402:Five precepts
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:Dhamma vicaya
2378:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2354:
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2337:
2334:
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2329:
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2327:
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2319:
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2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
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2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
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2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2148:BuddhÄbhiį¹£eka
2146:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
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2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
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2054:
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2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
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1975:
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1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1792:Enlightenment
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1782:Dhamma theory
1780:
1778:
1777:Buddha-nature
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1742:
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1700:
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1649:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1616:Samantabhadra
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1586:
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1231:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1155:on 2014-07-07
1154:
1150:
1149:The Telegraph
1146:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1078:on 2014-01-07
1077:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1052:
1051:goodreads.com
1048:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1003:
999:
995:
989:
986:
981:
975:
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964:
962:
960:
958:
954:
949:
943:
938:
937:
928:
926:
922:
917:
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907:
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894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
878:
873:
871:9781611802658
867:
863:
856:
854:
852:
848:
843:
839:
833:
825:
819:
815:
808:
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802:
797:
791:
788:
776:
772:
766:
763:
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748:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
729:
724:
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719:
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708:
705:
693:
689:
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658:
655:
650:
646:
640:
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631:
626:
620:
617:
613:
608:
605:
602:
601:Khanna, p. 45
597:
594:
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585:
582:
577:
571:
569:
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554:
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541:
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449:
446:
442:
438:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
409:
404:
401:
400:Ravindra Jain
397:
393:
389:
385:
382:
378:
374:
373:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:
347:
345:
341:
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333:
331:
322:
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306:
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284:
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245:
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229:
227:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
188:
186:
184:
180:
179:
173:
172:Ambapali vana
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
148:ancient India
145:
141:
137:
133:
132:
127:
119:
115:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
69:
65:
58:
53:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4434:
4427:
4419:
4411:
4403:
4397:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4341:
4333:
4326:
4318:
4310:
4303:
4297:
4289:
4283:
4275:
4268:
4243:Zeenat Begum
4238:Tulasa Thapa
4223:Moran Sarkar
4218:Mah Laqa Bai
4177:
3898:Bodhisattvas
3818:Christianity
3813:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć Faith
3678:Dharmachakra
3668:Prayer wheel
3658:Prayer beads
3426:Architecture
3305:969 Movement
3089:Saudi Arabia
3067:Central Asia
3060:South Africa
2882:
2865:
2798:Panchen Lama
2703:BuddhapÄlita
2299:Satipatthana
2294:Mindful Yoga
2207:Recollection
2121:Brahmavihara
1992:Japanese Zen
1987:Chinese Chan
1947:Animal realm
1754:Key concepts
1576:Bodhisattvas
1388:Three Jewels
1251:
1229:
1206:. Retrieved
1202:
1193:
1181:. Retrieved
1177:
1168:
1157:. Retrieved
1153:the original
1148:
1139:
1131:the original
1124:
1115:
1107:the original
1100:
1091:
1080:. Retrieved
1076:the original
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1050:
1041:
1033:the original
1026:
1017:
1006:. Retrieved
997:
988:
969:
935:
905:
861:
813:
790:
778:. Retrieved
774:
765:
746:
723:the original
716:
707:
695:. Retrieved
691:
682:
670:. Retrieved
666:
657:
649:the original
639:
628:
619:
607:
596:
584:
556:. Retrieved
552:
543:
532:
520:. Retrieved
516:
507:
434:Anurag Anand
429:
421:
406:
391:
370:
363:Supriya Devi
358:
354:
342:
338:
334:
326:
318:
314:
310:
299:
288:
274:
265:
263:
255:
249:
246:
241:
235:
219:
210:
202:
192:
183:Jataka Tales
175:
171:
168:Ägama sutras
166:traditions (
129:
125:
124:
4430:(2006 film)
4422:(1981 film)
4329:(2002 film)
4321:(1955 film)
4305:Chandni Bar
4203:Gauhar Jaan
4193:Begum Samru
4053:Professions
3743:Dharma talk
3572:Asalha Puja
3368:Eschatology
3171:Switzerland
3151:New Zealand
3079:Middle East
2988:Philippines
2908:Afghanistan
2713:Bodhidharma
2698:Buddhaghosa
2618:Householder
2528:Monasticism
2481:Bodhisattva
2336:Prostration
2289:Mindfulness
2217:Anapanasati
2200:Kammaį¹į¹hÄna
1997:Korean Seon
1937:Asura realm
1932:Human realm
1872:Ten Fetters
1827:Parinirvana
1729:Uppalavanna
1694:MahÄkaccana
1679:MahÄkassapa
1611:Kį¹£itigarbha
1606:ÄkÄÅagarbha
1503:SuddhodÄna
1448:Four sights
1375:Foundations
492:Vasavadatta
445:DD National
398:along with
388:Hema Malini
301:Ajatashatru
270:Karshapanas
226:Muzaffarpur
176:Ambapalika
4452:Categories
4428:Umrao Jaan
4420:Umrao Jaan
4213:Lal Kunwar
4208:Kanhopatra
3860:Psychology
3840:Gnosticism
3828:Comparison
3823:Influences
3805:Comparison
3688:Bhavacakra
3646:Kushinagar
3621:Pilgrimage
3567:MÄgha PÅ«jÄ
3522:Bodhi Tree
3338:Buddhology
3328:Abhidharma
3320:Philosophy
3253:Menander I
3121:Costa Rica
3072:Uzbekistan
2913:Bangladesh
2867:Dhammapada
2851:Pali Canon
2813:Ajahn Chah
2793:Dalai Lama
2693:KumÄrajÄ«va
2688:Vasubandhu
2663:The Buddha
2571:Zen master
2506:Sakadagami
2486:Buddhahood
2417:Pratimokį¹£a
2232:Shikantaza
2188:Meditation
2163:Deity yoga
2034:Madhyamaka
1927:Deva realm
1822:Mindstream
1772:Bodhicitta
1684:Aį¹
gulimÄla
1551:Devadatta
1527:YaÅodharÄ
1430:The Buddha
1420:Middle Way
1159:2013-09-17
1082:2013-09-16
1008:2019-07-17
558:2017-04-18
499:References
462:Nagarvadhu
381:Sunil Dutt
367:Asit Baran
266:Nagarvadhu
251:Nagarvadhu
205:, meaning
189:Early life
162:texts and
131:nagarvadhu
110:nagarvadhu
98:Occupation
4349:Meghadūta
4270:Amar Prem
3928:Festivals
3908:Buddhists
3870:Theosophy
3673:Symbolism
3663:Hama yumi
3636:Bodh Gaya
3403:Socialism
3378:Evolution
3353:Economics
3191:Venezuela
3106:Australia
3101:Argentina
3025:Sri Lanka
3020:Singapore
2938:Indonesia
2900:Countries
2841:Tripiį¹aka
2803:Ajahn Mun
2678:Nagarjuna
2673:AÅvaghoį¹£a
2556:AnagÄrika
2551:ÅrÄmaį¹erÄ«
2546:ÅrÄmaį¹era
2541:Bhikkhunī
2501:SotÄpanna
2390:Passaddhi
2331:Offerings
2306:Nekkhamma
2183:Iddhipada
2103:Practices
2073:Theravada
2046:Vajrayana
2039:Yogachara
2009:Pure Land
1922:Six Paths
1909:Cosmology
1689:Anuruddha
1664:SÄriputta
1654:Kaundinya
1646:Disciples
1621:VajrapÄį¹i
1473:Footprint
1438:TathÄgata
1028:The Hindu
998:Cinestaan
832:cite book
718:The Hindu
416:novel by
291:Bimbisara
242:Kshatriya
138:) of the
136:courtesan
114:courtesan
4436:Zubeidaa
4356:Pakeezah
4248:Zohrabai
4233:Roopmati
4178:Amrapali
4162:Prajwala
3946:Category
3875:Violence
3845:Hinduism
3793:Sanskrit
3748:Hinayana
3733:AmitÄbha
3693:Swastika
3562:Uposatha
3552:Holidays
3537:Calendar
3383:Humanism
3221:Kanishka
3211:Timeline
3035:Thailand
3003:Kalmykia
2998:Buryatia
2983:Pakistan
2968:Mongolia
2963:Maldives
2958:Malaysia
2923:Cambodia
2788:Shamarpa
2783:Nichiren
2733:Xuanzang
2668:Nagasena
2586:Rinpoche
2316:PÄramitÄ
2158:Devotion
2078:Navayana
2066:Dzogchen
2029:Nichiren
1977:Mahayana
1969:Branches
1847:Saį¹
khÄra
1596:MaƱjuÅrÄ«
1553:(cousin)
1545:(cousin)
1513:(mother)
1505:(father)
1493:Miracles
1443:Birthday
1360:Glossary
1333:Buddhism
1002:Archived
477:Upagupta
455:See also
447:in 2002.
441:Amrapali
436:in 2012.
422:Ambapali
408:Vaishali
372:Amrapali
359:Amrapali
355:Amrapali
257:Vaishali
215:Vaishali
199:Sanskrit
164:Buddhist
144:Vaishali
140:Republic
126:ÄmrapÄlÄ«
118:Vaishali
91:Vaishali
79:Vaishali
49:Amrapali
18:Ambapali
4414:(novel)
4298:Chameli
4253:Zubeida
4157:Sanlaap
4007:General
3923:Temples
3903:Buddhas
3865:Science
3855:Judaism
3850:Jainism
3768:Lineage
3728:AbhijƱÄ
3698:Thangka
3641:Sarnath
3626:Lumbini
3547:Funeral
3542:Cuisine
3418:Culture
3393:Reality
3343:Creator
3333:Atomism
3203:History
3176:Ukraine
3136:Germany
3055:Senegal
3045:Vietnam
2973:Myanmar
2773:Shinran
2763:Karmapa
2738:Shandao
2708:DignÄga
2633:ÅrÄvaka
2613:Donchee
2608:Kappiya
2566:Sayadaw
2536:Bhikkhu
2511:AnÄgÄmi
2468:Nirvana
2434:Samadhi
2321:Paritta
2262:Tonglen
2257:Mandala
2212:Smarana
2193:Mantras
2141:Upekkha
2111:Bhavana
2061:Shingon
2014:Tiantai
1867:TathÄtÄ
1857:ÅÅ«nyatÄ
1852:Skandha
1842:Saį¹sÄra
1837:Rebirth
1812:Kleshas
1802:Indriya
1704:Subhūti
1589:Guanyin
1543:Änanda
1535:RÄhula
1415:Nirvana
1355:Outline
1250:Novel:
472:Fa-Hien
426:English
412:a 1948
295:Magadha
211:pallawa
201:words:
156:arahant
134:(royal
112:(royal
4488:Arhats
4398:Tawaif
4384:Sadhna
4370:Pyaasa
4327:Devdas
4319:Devdas
4284:Bazaar
4085:Tawaif
3918:Sutras
3913:Suttas
3778:Siddhi
3763:Koliya
3738:BrahmÄ
3653:Poetry
3599:Mantra
3589:Kasaya
3461:Pagoda
3441:Kyaung
3436:VihÄra
3431:Temple
3373:Ethics
3216:Ashoka
3166:Sweden
3161:Poland
3156:Norway
3146:Mexico
3131:France
3116:Canada
3111:Brazil
3050:Africa
3030:Taiwan
2993:Russia
2918:Bhutan
2878:Vinaya
2758:Naropa
2748:Saraha
2683:Asanga
2439:PrajƱÄ
2348:Refuge
2311:Nianfo
2272:Tertƶn
2267:Tantra
2252:Ganana
2242:Tukdam
2168:DhyÄna
2136:Mudita
2131:Karuį¹Ä
2024:Risshū
2019:Huayan
1952:Naraka
1892:AnattÄ
1887:Dukkha
1882:Anicca
1787:Dharma
1739:Channa
1674:Änanda
1659:Assaji
1626:Skanda
1529:(wife)
1498:Family
1478:Relics
1403:Sangha
1398:Dharma
1393:Buddha
1258:, 1948
1237:
1208:4 July
1183:4 July
1056:4 July
976:
944:
912:
868:
820:
780:4 July
753:
697:4 July
672:4 July
522:4 July
420:, and
330:Gaį¹ikÄ
222:feudal
209:, and
152:Buddha
101:dancer
4377:Sadak
4342:Mandi
4312:Dev.D
3890:Lists
3758:Kalpa
3753:Iddhi
3616:Music
3611:Mudra
3577:Vassa
3557:Vesak
3527:Budai
3473:Candi
3456:Stupa
3388:Logic
3141:Italy
3040:Tibet
2978:Nepal
2948:Korea
2943:Japan
2933:India
2928:China
2873:Sutra
2828:Texts
2778:DÅgen
2768:HÅnen
2753:AtiÅa
2718:Zhiyi
2628:Achar
2596:Tulku
2591:Geshe
2576:RÅshi
2561:Ajahn
2516:Arhat
2476:Bodhi
2446:VÄ«rya
2363:Sacca
2358:Satya
2353:SÄdhu
2341:Music
2284:Merit
2277:Terma
2237:Zazen
2173:Faith
2126:MettÄ
1807:Karma
1767:Bardo
1734:Asita
1724:Khema
1714:UpÄli
1699:Nanda
1537:(son)
1511:MÄyÄ
1488:Films
1365:Index
1221:Notes
414:Hindi
207:mango
178:Sutra
3788:PÄįø·i
3773:MÄra
3683:Flag
3084:Iran
3008:Tuva
2953:Laos
2581:Lama
2429:ÅÄ«la
2397:ÅÄ«la
2385:PÄ«ti
2375:Sati
2326:Puja
2247:Koan
2153:DÄna
1744:Yasa
1631:TÄrÄ
1235:ISBN
1210:2016
1185:2016
1058:2016
974:ISBN
942:ISBN
910:ISBN
866:ISBN
842:link
838:link
818:ISBN
782:2016
751:ISBN
699:2016
674:2016
524:2016
203:amra
160:Pali
86:Died
67:Born
3510:Art
3446:Wat
1982:Zen
1254:by
142:of
4454::
3012:ru
1201:.
1176:.
1147:.
1123:.
1099:.
1049:.
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1000:.
996:.
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924:^
880:^
850:^
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830:{{
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627:.
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551:.
515:.
428:,
228:.
71:c.
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3985:t
3978:v
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