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Amonasro deceptively proclaims to the
Egyptians that the Ethiopian king (referring to himself) has been slain in battle. Aida, Amonasro, and the captured Ethiopians plead with the Egyptian King for mercy, but Ramfis and the Egyptian priests call for their death (Aida, Amneris, Radamès, The King, Amonasro, chorus: "Che veggo! .. Egli? .. Mio padre! .. Anch'io pugnai .. Struggi, o Re, queste ciurme feroci" / What do I see?.. Is it he? My father? .. Destroy, O King, these ferocious creatures).
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me si chiuse" / The fatal stone now closes over me). They accept their terrible fate (Radamès: "Morir! Sì pura e bella" / To die! So pure and lovely!) and bid farewell to Earth and its sorrows (duet "Invan! Tutto è finito ... O terra addio"). Above the vault in the temple of Ptah, Amneris weeps and prays to the goddess Isis. In the vault below, Aida dies in Radamès' arms as the priests, offstage, pray to the god Ptah. (Chorus, Aida, Radamès, Amneris: "Immenso Ftha" / Almighty Ptah).
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military secret to the enemy. Meanwhile, Amneris and Ramfis leave the temple, spot Radamès in conference with the enemy, and summon the imperial guards. Amonasro, armed with a dagger, intends to kill
Amneris and Ramfis before they can alert the guards, but Radamès disarms him. He swiftly instructs Amonasro to flee with Aida and surrenders himself to the guards, who arrest him as a traitor.
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1111:). This is followed by the installation of Radamès to the office of commander-in-chief (High Priestess, chorus, Ramfis, Radamès: "Immenso Ftha .. Mortal, diletto ai Numi" / O mighty one, guard and protect!). All present in the temple pray fervently for the victory of Egypt and protection for their warriors ("Nume, custode e vindice"/ Hear us, O guardian deity).
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1016:. For the first production, Mariette went to great efforts to make the sets and costumes authentic. Considering the consistent artistic styles throughout the 3000-year history of ancient Egypt, a given production does not particularly need to choose a specific time period within the larger frame of ancient Egyptian history.
312:(acts 2 and 3), and shipped to Cairo. Although Verdi did not attend the premiere in Cairo, he was most dissatisfied with the fact that the audience consisted of invited dignitaries, politicians and critics, but no members of the general public. He therefore considered the Italian (and European) première, held at
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The original draft included a speech by Aida (excised from the final version) that explained her presence beneath the Temple: "My heart knew your sentence. For three days I have waited here." The line most familiar to audiences translates as: "My heart forewarned me of your condemnation. In this tomb
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Offstage, Ramfis recites the charges against Radamès and calls on him to defend himself, but he stands mute, and is condemned to death as a traitor. Amneris, who remains onstage, protests that Radamès is innocent, and pleads with the priests to show mercy. The priests sentence him to be buried alive;
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Amonasro appears and orders Aida to find out the location of the
Egyptian army from Radamès. Aida, torn between her love for Radamès and her loyalty to her native land and to her father, reluctantly agrees. (Aida, Amonasro: "Ciel, mio padre! .. Rivedrai le foreste imbalsamate" / Once again shalt thou
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Ramfis, the high priest of Egypt, tells Radamès, the young warrior, that war with the
Ethiopians seems inevitable, and Radamès hopes that he will be chosen as the Egyptian commander (Ramfis, Radamès: "Sì, corre voce l'Etiope ardisca" / Yes, it is rumored that Ethiopia dares once again to threaten our
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Claiming the reward promised by the King of Egypt, Radamès pleads with him to spare the lives of the prisoners and to set them free. The King grants Radamès' wish, and declares that he (Radamès) will be his (the King's) successor and will marry the King's daughter (Amneris). (Aida, Amneris, Radamès,
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Radamès has been taken into the lower floor of the temple and sealed up in a dark vault, where he thinks that he is alone. As he hopes that Aida is in a safer place, he hears a sigh and then sees Aida. She has hidden herself in the vault in order to die with Radamès (Radamès: "La fatal pietra sovra
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To facilitate their escape, Radamès suggests using a secure route free from the risk of discovery and discloses the location his army plans to attack. Upon hearing this, Amonasro emerges from hiding and reveals his true identity. Radamès, horrified, realizes he has inadvertently divulged a critical
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Dances and music to celebrate Radamès' victory take place (Chorus, Amneris: "Chi mai fra gli inni e i plausi" / Our songs his glory praising). However, Amneris is still in doubt about Radamès' love and wonders whether Aida is in love with him. She tries to forget her doubt, entertaining her worried
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to be the leader of the army (The King, Messenger, Radamès, Aida, Amneris, Ramfis, chorus: "Alta cagion v'aduna .. Guerra, guerra, guerra!" / Oh fate o'er Egypt looming .. War, war, war!). Upon receiving this mandate from the King, Radamès proceeds to the temple of Vulcan to take up the sacred arms
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as Radamès. Alagna subsequently made the headlines when he was booed for his rendition of "Celeste Aida" during the second performance, walked off the stage, and was dismissed from the remainder of the run. The production continued to cause controversy in 2014 when
Zeffirelli protested La Scala's
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Prayers are said (Chorus, High
Priestess, Ramfis, Amneris: "O tu che sei d'Osiride" / O thou who to Osiris art) on the eve of Amneris and Radamès' wedding in the Temple of Isis. Outside, Aida waits to meet with Radamès as they had planned (Aida: "Qui Radamès verra .. O patria mia" / Oh, my dear
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When Aida enters the chamber, Amneris asks everyone to leave. By falsely telling Aida that Radamès has died in the battle, she tricks her into professing her love for him. In grief, and shocked by the news, Aida confesses that her heart belongs to Radamès eternally (Amneris, Aida: "Fu la sorte
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The
Egyptian king decrees that on this day the triumphant Radamès may have anything he wishes. The Ethiopian captives are led onstage in chains, Amonasro among them. Aida immediately rushes to her father, who whispers to her to conceal his true identity as King of Ethiopia from the Egyptians.
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She asks Radamès to deny the accusations, but Radamès, who does not wish to live without Aida, refuses. He is relieved to know Aida is still alive and hopes she has reached her own country (Amneris, Radamès: "Già i
Sacerdoti adunansi" / Already the priests are assembling).
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Aida appears and, when Radamès sees her, Amneris notices that he looks disturbed. She suspects that Aida could be her rival, but is able to hide her jealousy and approach Aida (Amneris, Aida, Radamès: "Vieni, o diletta, appressati" / Come, O delight, come closer).
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Ramfis, The King, Amonasro, chorus: "O Re: pei sacri Numi! .. Gloria all'Egitto" / O King, by the sacred gods ... Glory to Egypt!). At Ramfis' suggestion to the King, Aida and
Amonasro remain as hostages to ensure that the Ethiopians do not avenge their defeat.
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Radamès affirms that he will marry Aida ("Pur ti riveggo, mia dolce Aida .. Nel fiero anelito"; "Fuggiam gli ardori inospiti .. Là, tra foreste vergini" / I see you again, my sweet Aida!), and Aida convinces him to flee to the desert with her.
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This confession fires
Amneris with rage, and she plans on taking revenge on Aida. Ignoring Aida's pleadings (Amneris, Aida, chorus: "Su! del Nilo al sacro lido" / Up! at the sacred shores of the Nile), Amneris leaves her alone in the chamber.
278:" variety to replace the original prelude. However, in the end he decided not to have the overture performed because of its—his own words—"pretentious silliness". This overture, never used today, was given a rare broadcast performance by
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and Testament. The audio portion of the broadcast, including some remakes in June 1954, was released on LP and CD by RCA Victor. Other notable performances from this period include a 1955 performance conducted by Tullio Serafin with
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Amneris weeps and curses the priests as he is taken away (Judgment scene, Amneris, Ramfis, and chorus: "Ahimè! .. morir mi sento .. Radamès, è deciso il tuo fato" / Alas .. I feel death .. Radamès, your fate is decided).
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Amneris, the daughter of the Egyptian King, enters the hall. She too loves Radamès, but fears that his heart belongs to someone else (Radamès, Amneris: "Quale insolita gioia nel tuo sguardo" / In your looks I trace an
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The King enters, along with the High Priest, Ramfis, and the whole palace court. A messenger announces that the Ethiopians, led by King Amonasro, are marching towards
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The Victrola Book of the Opera: Stories of One Hundred and Twenty Operas with Seven-Hundred Illustrations and Descriptions of Twelve-Hundred Victor Opera Records
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1977:"Franco Zeffirelli takes on La Scala: Legendary opera director in battle with theatre over sale of one of his 'greatest' productions to Kazakhstan"
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Solemn ceremonies and dances by the priestesses take place (High Priestess, chorus, Radamès: "Possente Ftha ... Tu che dal nulla" / O mighty
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Amneris desires to save Radamès ("L'aborrita rivale a me sfuggia" / My hated rival has escaped me). She calls for the guard to bring him to her.
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Alone in the hall, Aida feels torn between her love for her father, her country, and Radamès (Aida: "Ritorna vincitor!" / Return a conqueror!).
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was received with great enthusiasm at its Milan première. The opera was soon mounted at major opera houses throughout Italy, including the
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met with great acclaim when it finally opened in Cairo on 24 December 1871. The costumes and accessories for the première were designed by
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Verdi originally chose to write a brief orchestral prelude instead of a full overture for the opera. He then composed an overture of the "
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Radamès dreams both of gaining victory on the battlefield and of Aida, an Ethiopian slave, with whom he is secretly in love (Radamès: "
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in Kazakhstan without his permission. According to Zeffirelli, the move had doomed his production to an "infamous and brutal" fate.
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has been sung more than 1,100 times since 1886. Ghislanzoni's scheme follows a scenario often attributed to the French Egyptologist
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Auguste Mariette to Paul Draneht (General Manager of the Cairo Opera House), Paris, 28 September 1871. (Translated and annotated),
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Priests, priestesses, ministers, captains, soldiers, officials, Ethiopians, slaves and prisoners, Egyptians, animals and chorus
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Scene 2: The lower portion of the stage shows the vault in the Temple of Ptah; the upper portion represents the temple itself
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Opening and close of act 4, scene 2, "La fatal pietra" and "Morir! Sì pura e bella", with some cuts in the middle, sung by
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princess. An Egyptian military commander, Radamès, struggles to choose between his love for her and his loyalty to the
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The libretto does not specify a precise time period, so it is difficult to place the opera more specifically than the
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A complete concert version of the opera was given in New York City in 1949. Conducted by Toscanini with
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that was opened for you I entered secretly. Here, away from human sight, in your arms I wish to die."
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television network. Due to the length of the opera, it was divided into two telecasts, preserved on
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Scene 1: A hall in the Temple of Justice. To one side is the door leading to Radamès' prison cell
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on 8 February 1872, and a performance in which he was heavily involved at every stage, to be its
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continues to be a staple of the standard operatic repertoire. It is frequently performed in the
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gaze). When Radamès arrives, Amonasro hides behind a rock and listens to their conversation.
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Poster for a 1908 production in Cleveland, showing the triumphal scene in act 2, scene 2
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into the city (Chorus, Ramfis: "Gloria all'Egitto, ad Iside" / Glory to Egypt, to Isis!).
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2578:, pp. 7–9. Dodd, Mead and Company. (Source of synopsis with updating to its language)
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slaves (Chorus, Amneris: "Vieni: sul crin ti piovano" / Come bind your flowing tresses).
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Scene 1: A hall in the King's palace; through the rear gate the pyramids and temples of
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sang as Aida. The opera's story, but not its music, was used as the basis for a 1998
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as Amonasro, Georges-François Menu as the King, and Auguste Boudouresque as Ramphis.
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of Egypt, commissioned Verdi to write an opera to celebrate the opening of the
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dell'armi a' tuoi funesta" / The battle's outcome was cruel for your people).
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and had its première there on 24 December 1871, in a performance conducted by
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Because the scenery and costumes were stuck in the French capital during the
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as Aida and Richard Tucker as Radamès and a 1959 performance conducted by
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for the opening night of its 2006/2007 season. The production starred
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making his debut as the King. This performance was conducted by Verdi.
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2308:(3rd, revised ed.). Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield.
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The Path Between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama Canal 1870-1914
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to recordings by actual opera singers. In the case of the 1953 film,
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Verdi's Aida: A Record of the Life of the Opera On and Off the Stage
492:, Paris, with almost the same cast as the Milan premiere, but with
1781:"Biography of Josephine Schefsky at theaterspielen.ch (in German)"
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1451:. The opera has been portrayed in the 2001 Italian animated film
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Verdi's Aida. The History of an Opera in Letters and Documents
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New York: Knopf, 1962, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2505:, ed. Naomi Matsumoto (pp. 263–286). Turnhout: Brepols.
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Forment, Bruno (2015). "Staging Verdi in the Provinces: The
2106:"Aida and Ancient Egyptian History on the Met Opera website"
1407:, set on a plantation in Tennessee in the first year of the
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Non muore la musica – La vita e l'opera di Arturo Toscanini
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Philippe Chaperon's act 4, scene 2 set design for the 1880
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The Operas of Verdi, Volume 3: From Don Carlos to Falstaff
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in New York City, with Ostava Torriani in the title role,
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Nineteenth-Century Italian Opera: From Rossini to Puccini
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Verdi had also written the role of Aida for the voice of
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993:: 6 Egyptian trumpets ("Aida trumpets"), military band,
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eventually premiered in Cairo on Christmas Eve of 1871.
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was performed instead. The first opera performed at the
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Pitt, Charles; Hassan, Tarek H. A. (1992). "Cairo". In
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The Cairo Opera House could only hold 850 spectators (
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2478:. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.
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Act 2, scene 2, set design for the Cairo premiere by
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Australia: 6 September 1877, Royal Theatre, Melbourne
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Details of important national and other premières of
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on 30 March 1940, but was never commercially issued.
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This article is about the opera. For other uses, see
1027:: The Egyptians have captured and enslaved Aida, an
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2366:(2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
377:as Amneris and Franco Novara as the King), and the
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2633:, Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press.
2330:. London & New York: Oxford University Press.
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1999:Performances during the 2008/09 to 2012/13 seasons
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2418:"Looking at Ancient Egypt, Seeing Modern America"
1265:On the banks of the Nile, near the Temple of Isis
1058:Se quel guerrier io fossi! ... Celeste Aida
423:headquarters of the Bank of the Argentine Nation
2850:Synopsis, commentary, music analysis, anecdotes
2264:Dictionary of the Australian Theatre, 1788–1914
2244:Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers
2014:(in Italian). Economic Veronese. 23 August 2018
2012:"Aida alla recita 14 per l'opera Festival 2018"
2474:De Van, Gilles (trans. Gilda Roberts) (1998).
2195:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
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2542:. 2nd ed. rev., (Accessed 19 September 2010)
2476:Verdi's Theater: Creating Drama Through Music
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1201:Scene 2: The grand gate of the city of Thebes
546:, Paris: 22 March 1880, sung in French, with
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3502:Orchestra Sinfonica di Milano Giuseppe Verdi
2513:Divas and Scholars: Performing Italian Opera
572:) in the title role, Carl Zobel as Radamès,
568:, with Therese Herbert-Förster (the wife of
2631:The New Grove Guide to Verdi and His Operas
564:, New York: 12 November 1886, conducted by
444:as Amonasro, and Evasio Scolara as the King
417:Argentina: 4 October 1873, at the original
250:Cairo premiere and initial success in Italy
189:Elements of the opera's genesis and sources
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2785:, 1900 publication, English, digitized by
2360:Sadie, Stanley; Macy, Laura, eds. (2006).
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1811:Ek Biography at operissimo.com (in German)
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1579:. New York: Simon & Schuster. p.
1205:Radamès returns victorious and the troops
300:'s scene painters Auguste-Alfred Rubé and
62:Cover of a very early vocal score, c. 1872
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2778:International Music Score Library Project
2572:, translated by Richard Salinger (1921).
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2515:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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1083:for act 1, scene 2 at the Cairo première
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227:, the premiere was delayed and Verdi's
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2416:Weisgall, Deborah (14 November 1999).
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2098:
2032:
1543:
1186:
554:as Amnéris, Henri Sellier as Radamès,
258:Radamès (Giuseppe Fancelli) and Aida (
2440:L'Opéra au Palais Garnier (1875–1962)
1840:
1767:
1731:
1628:
1615:
128:
7:
2826:, Indiana University School of Music
2824:William and Gayle Cook Music Library
1659:in Letters and Contemporary Reviews"
643:as Radamès, it was televised on the
2733:New York: Oxford University Press.
2650:, Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
2226:. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
2056:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
1693:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
1294:Set design for act 4 scene 2 (1872)
678:mounted a lavish new production of
188:
181:argues that the source is actually
27:1871 tragic opera by Giuseppe Verdi
2795:, Synopsis – libretto – highlights
2681:Giuseppe Verdi: His Life and Works
2615:, vol. 1. London: Macmillan, 1998
2552:New York: Dodd, Mead and Company.
1103:Scene 2: Inside the Temple of Ptah
707:, and is a staple of its renowned
25:
2783:Aïda : an opera in four acts
2612:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
2550:Verdi: His Music, Life and Times.
2355:. Vol. 1. London: Macmillan.
2352:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1427:. In both cases, the lead actors
651:, and later released on video by
428:United States: 26 November 1873,
3928:
3751:
3750:
3701:Giuseppe Verdi's Rigoletto Story
3429:
2710:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
2266:. Sydney: Hale & Iremonger.
1360:
1302:
1243:
1187:Problems playing this file? See
1165:
721:Roles, voice types, premier cast
695:rental of the production to the
262:) in act 4, scene 2 of the 1872
2844:Libretto in Italian and English
2672:. New York: Simon and Schuster.
2575:The Opera Goer's Complete Guide
2456:Paris: Slatkine (1983 reprint)
2399:The Letters of Arturo Toscanini
2222:Arturo Toscanini: The NBC Years
1975:Day, Michael (9 October 2014).
1508:from the original on 2022-10-09
1161:Grand March from act 2, scene 2
1120:Scene 1: The chamber of Amneris
393:Other 19th-century performances
204:, but Verdi declined. However,
3879:Elton John and Tim Rice's Aida
2942:I Lombardi alla prima crociata
2912:Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio
2815:Complete libretto of the opera
2752:Verdi: The Man and His Letters
2731:The Oxford Dictionary of Opera
2548:Martin, George Whitney (1963).
2535:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
2501:Scenery of Albert Dubosq", in
2247:. Reproducing Piano Roll Fnd.
2069:The High Priestess's name was
1960:"Booed tenor quits La Scala's
598:Rio de Janeiro: 30 June 1886,
499:United Kingdom: 22 June 1876,
266:European première (drawing by
1:
2660:Rous, Samual Holland (1924).
2146:My Darlin' Aida
1887:Collins, Liat (4 June 2011).
1593:– via Internet Archive.
532:Stockholm: 16 February 1880,
3721:Casa di Riposo per Musicisti
3466:Theatres named after Verdi (
2664:. Victor Talking Machine Co.
2586:The Complete Operas of Verdi
2289:. New York: Penguin Putnam.
2241:Greene, David Mason (1985).
891:Voice of the High Priestess
775:Antonietta Anastasi-Pozzoni
340:
3976:Operas set in ancient Egypt
3460:Memorials to Giuseppe Verdi
2846:, Online Library of Liberty
2830:Aria Database list of arias
2588:, New York: Da Capo Press.
2304:Loewenberg, Alfred (1978).
2287:The New Penguin Opera Guide
479:Hungarian State Opera House
3997:
3570:Portrait of Giuseppe Verdi
2754:, New York, Vienna House.
2381:Tarozzi, Giuseppe (1977).
2151:Internet Broadway Database
2044:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
1691:"Aida performance history"
1689:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
1571:McCullough, David (1977).
1492:"What to Expect from Aida"
1468:
401:Verdi conducting the 1880
389:as Amneris) among others.
371:Teatro Comunale di Bologna
339:filled the gap. The Milan
90:24 December 1871
29:
3981:Operas adapted into films
3747:
3590:Verdi, the King of Melody
3418:String Quartet in E minor
2893:
2670:A Treasury of Grand Opera
2306:Annals of Opera 1597–1940
2218:Frank, Morton H. (2002).
1934:"Zeffirelli's triumphant
903:
600:Theatro Lyrico Fluminense
373:(30 September 1877, with
153:, it was commissioned by
55:
44:
3951:Operas by Giuseppe Verdi
3258:Libiamo ne' lieti calici
2668:Simon, Henry W. (1946).
2503:Staging Verdi and Wagner
2438:Wolff, Stéphane (1962).
2363:The Grove Book of Operas
2324:Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane
2001:. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
1985:. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
1966:. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
1946:. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
1897:. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
1869:"Interesting bits about
1441:musical of the same name
1175:Recorded in 2002 by the
1125:heart with the dance of
627:production performed at
477:Hungary: 10 April 1875,
466:Austria: 29 April 1874,
447:Germany: 20 April 1874,
369:(26 December 1874), the
221:Siege of Paris (1870–71)
3956:Italian-language operas
3495:Giuseppe Verdi Monument
3222:Bella figlia dell'amore
3042:La battaglia di Legnano
2729:and West, Ewan (1992).
2544:(subscription required)
2281:Kimbell, David (2001).
2073:in early documentation.
1707:McCants, Clyde (2005).
1435:sang as Amneris, while
1425:1987 Swedish production
883:Luigi Stecchi-Bottardi
803:daughter of the Pharaoh
615:20th century and beyond
486:Théâtre-Lyrique Italien
484:France: 22 April 1876,
179:Mary Jane Phillips-Matz
177:, but Verdi biographer
3102:Les vêpres siciliennes
2686:Walker, Frank (1982).
2629:Parker, Roger (2007).
2442:. Paris: L'Entr'acte.
1642:Pitt & Hassan 1992
1349:
1295:
1232:
1154:
1140:
1084:
1009:
690:in the title role and
632:
503:, Covent Garden, with
406:
381:(8 October 1881, with
367:Teatro Regio di Torino
310:Jean-Baptiste Lavastre
284:NBC Symphony Orchestra
271:
3267:Un dì, felice, eterea
1559:Sadie & Macy 2006
1348:
1319:performance in Paris
1293:
1231:
1153:
1135:
1078:
1007:
855:Francesco Pandolfini
766:an Ethiopian princess
622:
400:
357:(20 April 1872), the
355:Teatro Regio di Parma
257:
235:Khedivial Opera House
159:Khedivial Opera House
102:Khedivial Opera House
32:Aida (disambiguation)
3886:Written in the Stars
3729:Verdi Transcriptions
3379:Un ballo in maschera
3325:La forza del destino
3152:La forza del destino
3142:Un ballo in maschera
2896:List of compositions
2799:"Synopsis, libretto"
2262:Irvin, Eric (1985).
2187:Busch, Hans (1978).
1958:(11 December 2006).
1930:Christiansen, Rupert
824:Captain of the Guard
523:Bavarian State Opera
365:(11 June 1873), the
268:Leopoldo Metlicovitz
151:Old Kingdom of Egypt
3561:Cultural depictions
3440:Quattro pezzi sacri
3288:Opera discographies
2712:. Pearson Longman.
2385:. Sugarco Edizioni.
2172:. London: Cassell.
1943:The Daily Telegraph
1932:(9 December 2006).
1889:"Conquering Masada"
1875:by Jill Leahy, via
1631:, pp. 224–225.
1529:, pp. 570–573.
723:
662:Herbert von Karajan
534:Royal Swedish Opera
359:Teatro di San Carlo
304:(acts 1 and 4) and
245:Performance history
225:Franco-Prussian War
147:Antonio Ghislanzoni
72:Antonio Ghislanzoni
3488:Milan Conservatory
3409:Inno delle nazioni
3390:Other compositions
3112:I vespri siciliani
2922:Un giorno di regno
2852:, opera-inside.com
2804:2021-11-28 at the
2683:, New York: Knopf.
2423:The New York Times
2328:Verdi: A Biography
1894:The Jerusalem Post
1847:, pp. 652–653
1845:Phillips-Matz 1993
1816:2012-01-11 at the
1744:Phillips-Matz 1993
1527:Phillips-Matz 1993
1409:American Civil War
1350:
1296:
1233:
1155:
1141:
1138:Édouard Desplechin
1085:
1010:
852:Francesco Steller
836:Giuseppe Fancelli
785:The King of Egypt
746:Giovanni Bottesini
719:
697:Astana Opera House
633:
562:Metropolitan Opera
527:Josephine Schefsky
513:Francesco Graziani
468:Vienna State Opera
453:Mathilde Mallinger
449:Berlin State Opera
407:
337:Giovanni Bottesini
306:Édouard Desplechin
272:
167:Metropolitan Opera
163:Giovanni Bottesini
3916:
3915:
3834:Aida of the Trees
3763:
3762:
3603:(1982 miniseries)
3600:The Life of Verdi
3537:Verdi, California
3249:La donna è mobile
2719:978-1-4058-8117-3
2639:978-0-19-531314-7
2462:978-2-05-000214-2
2391:Toscanini, Arturo
2373:978-0-19-538711-7
2315:978-0-87471-851-5
2212:978-0-8166-5715-5
2202:978-0-8166-0798-3
1459:Aida degli alberi
1454:Aida of the Trees
1413:a 1953 production
1365:
1356:"La fatal pietra"
1248:
1170:
1081:Philippe Chaperon
910:
909:
897:Marietta Allievi
750:European premiere
684:Franco Zeffirelli
623:A scene from the
540:in the title role
536:in Swedish, with
501:Royal Opera House
494:Édouard de Reszke
434:Annie Louise Cary
375:Giuseppina Pasqua
361:(30 March 1873),
302:Philippe Chaperon
183:Temistocle Solera
111:
110:
16:(Redirected from
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2582:Osborne, Charles
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2054:8 February 1872"
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843:King of Ethiopia
812:Eleonora Grossi
796:Paride Pavoleri
737:24 December 1871
724:
722:
608:Arturo Toscanini
594:
548:Gabrielle Krauss
511:as Radamès, and
509:Ernesto Nicolini
459:as Radamès, and
430:Academy of Music
294:Auguste Mariette
280:Arturo Toscanini
214:Camille du Locle
206:Auguste Mariette
175:Auguste Mariette
137:in four acts by
132:
130:[aˈiːda]
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2820:Piano reduction
2806:Wayback Machine
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2509:Gossett, Philip
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2469:Further reading
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1419:as Amneris and
1404:My Darlin' Aida
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752:8 February 1872
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604:Leopoldo Miguez
588:
584:as Ramfis, and
574:Marianne Brandt
490:Salle Ventadour
438:Italo Campanini
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379:Teatro Costanzi
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2789:on archive.org
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2766:External links
2764:
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2688:The Man Verdi.
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2112:on 2003-05-03.
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1899:
1880:
1861:
1849:
1843:, p. 27;
1833:
1821:
1803:
1772:
1760:
1758:, p. 983.
1748:
1746:, p. 628.
1736:
1724:
1718:978-0786423286
1717:
1699:
1675:
1646:
1633:
1620:
1608:
1606:, p. 366.
1604:Toscanini 2002
1596:
1589:
1563:
1548:
1546:, p. 622.
1531:
1519:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1469:Main article:
1466:
1463:
1437:Renata Tebaldi
1415:which starred
1394:
1391:
1369:
1359:
1354:
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1352:
1343:
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1339:
1317:Palais Garnier
1311:
1310:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1298:
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1287:
1284:
1252:
1242:
1239:"O patria mia"
1237:
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1224:
1222:
1219:
1184:
1174:
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1113:
1079:Set design by
1040:
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1021:
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1001:
998:
914:
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908:
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901:
900:
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895:
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872:Ormоndo Maini
870:
867:
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856:
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850:
845:
838:
837:
834:
831:
826:
819:
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816:Maria Waldmann
813:
810:
805:
798:
797:
794:
793:Tommaso Costa
791:
786:
782:
781:
776:
773:
768:
761:
760:
748:
735:Premiere cast,
733:
728:
716:
713:
709:opera festival
692:Roberto Alagna
688:Violeta Urmana
670:Carlo Bergonzi
666:Renata Tebaldi
641:Richard Tucker
616:
613:
612:
611:
596:
586:Georg Sieglitz
578:Adolf Robinson
570:Victor Herbert
559:
544:Palais Garnier
541:
530:
521:Munich: 1877,
519:
516:
497:
482:
475:
472:Amalie Materna
464:
457:Albert Niemann
445:
426:
394:
391:
387:Giulia Novelli
345:Maria Waldmann
333:Angelo Mariani
251:
248:
246:
243:
190:
187:
141:to an Italian
139:Giuseppe Verdi
133:) is a tragic
109:
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53:
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50:Giuseppe Verdi
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26:
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14:
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3620:Risorgimento!
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2810:Naxos Records
2807:
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2779:
2775:
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2770:
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2765:
2761:
2760:0-8443-0088-8
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2744:Werfel, Franz
2742:
2740:
2739:0-19-869164-5
2736:
2732:
2728:
2727:Warrack, John
2725:
2721:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2697:
2696:0-226-87132-0
2693:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2677:Toye, Francis
2675:
2671:
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2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:0-931340-82-9
2653:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2626:
2625:1-56159-228-5
2622:
2621:0-333-73432-7
2618:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2607:Stanley Sadie
2604:
2600:
2599:Parker, Roger
2597:
2595:
2594:0-306-80072-1
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2569:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:0-396-08196-7
2555:
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2537:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2522:
2521:0-226-30482-5
2518:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2492:0-226-14370-8
2489:
2485:
2484:0-226-14369-4
2481:
2477:
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2459:
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2414:
2410:
2408:9780375404054
2404:
2400:
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2388:
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2379:
2375:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2347:Stanley Sadie
2343:
2339:
2337:0-19-313204-4
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2296:0-14-029312-4
2292:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2273:0-86806-127-1
2269:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2254:0-385-14278-1
2250:
2246:
2245:
2239:
2235:
2233:1-57467-069-7
2229:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:(hardcover);
2204:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2181:
2179:0-304-30740-8
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2141:
2138:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2123:Weisgall 1999
2119:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2083:The music of
2079:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2055:
2049:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2026:
2013:
2007:
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1874:
1872:
1865:
1862:
1859:, p. 36.
1858:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1793:on 2012-02-27
1789:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1769:
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1761:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1711:. McFarland.
1710:
1703:
1700:
1692:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1665:on 2020-03-22
1664:
1660:
1658:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1618:, p. 55.
1617:
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1600:
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1590:0-7432-6213-1
1586:
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1553:
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1523:
1520:
1504:
1501:. Met Opera.
1500:
1493:
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1373:
1372:Nicola Zerola
1357:
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1313:
1305:
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1255:Marie Rappold
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1033:King of Egypt
1030:
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939:bass clarinet
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869:Paolo Medini
868:
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839:
835:
832:
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821:
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817:
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811:
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808:mezzo-soprano
806:
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790:
787:
784:
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758:Franco Faccio
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650:
646:
642:
638:
630:
626:
625:Israeli Opera
621:
614:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
587:
583:
580:as Amonasro,
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
560:
557:
556:Victor Maurel
553:
549:
545:
542:
539:
535:
531:
528:
524:
520:
517:
514:
510:
506:
505:Adelina Patti
502:
498:
495:
491:
487:
483:
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465:
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458:
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450:
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442:Victor Maurel
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194:Isma'il Pasha
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152:
149:. Set in the
148:
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88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
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59:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
19:
3961:Grand operas
3905:
3877:
3869:
3853:Celeste Aida
3832:
3824:
3816:
3801:
3800:
3749:
3728:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3670:
3660:
3650:
3640:
3623:(2011 opera)
3618:
3608:
3598:
3588:
3578:
3568:
3452:Recognitions
3438:
3407:
3397:
3378:
3369:
3361:Il trovatore
3360:
3351:
3342:
3333:
3324:
3315:
3306:
3297:
3276:Va, pensiero
3231:Celeste Aida
3213:Anvil Chorus
3190:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3160:
3150:
3140:
3130:
3120:
3110:
3100:
3090:
3082:Il trovatore
3080:
3070:
3060:
3052:Luisa Miller
3050:
3040:
3030:
3020:
3012:I masnadieri
3010:
3000:
2990:
2980:
2970:
2960:
2950:
2940:
2930:
2920:
2910:
2836:
2772:
2751:
2748:Stefan, Paul
2730:
2709:
2705:
2687:
2680:
2669:
2661:
2647:
2630:
2610:
2602:
2585:
2573:
2549:
2533:
2527:
2512:
2502:
2498:
2486:(hardback),
2475:
2439:
2427:. Retrieved
2421:
2398:
2395:Harvey Sachs
2382:
2362:
2350:
2327:
2305:
2286:
2263:
2243:
2221:
2214:(paperback).
2190:
2169:
2145:
2140:
2130:
2118:
2110:the original
2084:
2078:
2070:
2065:
2058:(in Italian)
2047:
2040:
2028:
2016:. Retrieved
2006:
1990:
1980:
1971:
1961:
1951:
1941:
1938:at La Scala"
1935:
1925:
1902:
1892:
1883:
1870:
1864:
1857:Tarozzi 1977
1852:
1836:
1831:, col. 1019.
1824:
1806:
1795:. Retrieved
1788:the original
1775:
1763:
1756:Kimbell 2001
1751:
1739:
1727:
1708:
1702:
1695:(in Italian)
1667:. Retrieved
1663:the original
1656:
1649:
1636:
1623:
1611:
1599:
1574:
1566:
1561:, p. 9.
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1499:metopera.org
1498:
1486:
1471:
1458:
1452:
1433:Ebe Stignani
1421:Sophia Loren
1417:Lois Maxwell
1402:
1396:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1142:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1086:
1070:
1062:
1055:
1051:
1043:
1042:
1024:
1023:
1011:
931:English horn
916:
904:
877:A messenger
861:
842:
823:
802:
779:Teresa Stolz
765:
705:Verona Arena
700:
682:designed by
679:
674:
672:as Radamès.
668:as Aida and
658:Maria Callas
639:as Aida and
634:
595:as the King.
582:Emil Fischer
576:as Amneris,
552:Rosine Bloch
440:as Radamès,
436:as Amneris,
419:Teatro Colón
410:
408:
385:as Aida and
350:
349:
329:Teresa Stolz
326:
321:
289:
288:
273:
260:Teresa Stolz
238:
228:
218:
210:Egyptologist
192:
170:
120:
119:
114:
113:
112:
3966:1871 operas
3908:discography
3738:Villa Verdi
3661:La Traviata
3613:(1985 play)
3593:(1953 film)
3583:(1938 film)
3523:Verdi Range
3516:Verdi Inlet
3443:(1889–1897)
3370:La traviata
3105:(June 1855)
3092:La traviata
2839:discography
2793:Opera Guide
2702:Wells, John
2566: [
2563:Melitz, Leo
2494:(paperback)
2033:Budden 1984
1770:, p. .
1734:, p. .
1544:Greene 1985
1474:discography
1443:written by
1429:lip-synched
1393:Adaptations
1270:country!).
1048:are visible
1014:Old Kingdom
989:; on-stage
862:High Priest
756:Conductor:
637:Herva Nelli
589: [
566:Anton Seidl
515:as Amonasro
463:as Amonasro
403:Paris Opera
208:, a French
3945:Categories
3874:(musical)
3731:(Finnissy)
3610:After Aida
3530:3975 Verdi
3307:Don Carlos
3165:(1867/84)
3162:Don Carlos
3155:(1862/69)
3032:Il corsaro
3005:(1847/65)
2090:Utah Opera
1841:Wolff 1962
1797:2009-09-28
1768:Irvin 1985
1732:Busch 1978
1669:2009-02-25
1629:Busch 1978
1616:Frank 2002
1479:References
1465:Recordings
1445:Elton John
1189:media help
921:(3rd also
841:Amonasro,
731:Voice type
649:kinescopes
529:as Amneris
481:, Budapest
474:as Amneris
461:Franz Betz
324:première.
202:Suez Canal
94:1871-12-24
68:Librettist
3352:Rigoletto
3125:(1857/81)
3072:Rigoletto
3062:Stiffelio
3022:Jérusalem
2704:(2009). "
2601:(1998). "
2452:460748195
2401:. Knopf.
2071:Termuthis
2018:27 August
1995:Operabase
1911:807743126
1655:"Verdi's
1512:1 January
1397:The 1952
1029:Ethiopian
1025:Backstory
971:bass drum
955:trombones
935:clarinets
822:Radamès,
801:Amneris,
742:Conductor
550:as Aida,
507:as Aida,
455:as Aida,
363:La Fenice
276:potpourri
230:Rigoletto
3756:Category
3476:Florence
3468:Brindisi
3316:Falstaff
3192:Falstaff
2835:Further
2802:Archived
2750:(1973).
2679:(1931).
2646:(1995).
2584:(1969).
2538:, (ed.)
2511:(2006).
2393:(2002).
2326:(1993).
2168:(1984).
1956:BBC News
1919:65964014
1814:Archived
1657:Falstaff
1503:Archived
1449:Tim Rice
1401:musical
1399:Broadway
1253:Sung by
1066:unwonted
1053:power).
1020:Synopsis
967:triangle
959:cimbasso
951:trumpets
943:bassoons
894:soprano
860:Ramfis,
848:baritone
676:La Scala
538:Selma Ek
413:follow:
405:premiere
314:La Scala
282:and the
264:La Scala
143:libretto
126:Italian:
104:in Cairo
86:Premiere
78:Language
3898:Related
3681:Macbeth
3480:Trieste
3472:Busseto
3428:(1874)
3334:Macbeth
3185:(1887)
3175:(1871)
3145:(1859)
3095:(1853)
3085:(1853)
3075:(1851)
3002:Macbeth
2932:Nabucco
2609:(ed.),
2448:7068320
2397:(ed.).
2349:(ed.).
2285:(ed.).
2159:Sources
2149:at the
1374:in 1909
1127:Moorish
1046:Memphis
1000:Setting
987:strings
979:tam-tam
975:cymbals
963:timpani
923:piccolo
771:soprano
631:in 2011
525:, with
470:, with
451:, with
341:Amneris
198:Khedive
169:alone,
92: (
81:Italian
18:Amneris
3971:Operas
3921:Portal
3837:(2001)
3829:(1987)
3821:(1953)
3704:(2005)
3694:(1987)
3684:(1987)
3674:(1986)
3671:Otello
3664:(1983)
3654:(1953)
3644:(1906)
3641:Otello
3573:(1886)
3420:(1873)
3412:(1862)
3402:(1848)
3343:Otello
3195:(1893)
3182:Otello
3135:(1857)
3132:Aroldo
3065:(1850)
3055:(1849)
3045:(1849)
3035:(1848)
3025:(1847)
3015:(1847)
2995:(1846)
2992:Attila
2985:(1845)
2982:Alzira
2975:(1845)
2965:(1844)
2955:(1844)
2952:Ernani
2945:(1843)
2935:(1842)
2925:(1840)
2915:(1839)
2903:Operas
2758:
2737:
2716:
2694:
2654:
2637:
2619:
2605:", in
2592:
2556:
2519:
2490:
2482:
2460:
2446:
2429:2 July
2405:
2370:
2334:
2312:
2293:
2270:
2251:
2230:
2210:
2199:
2176:
2052:
1917:
1909:
1715:
1587:
1257:, 1916
1089:Thebes
1068:joy).
919:flutes
880:tenor
764:Aida,
629:Masada
3935:Opera
3863:Stage
3845:Music
3810:Films
2570:]
1791:(PDF)
1784:(PDF)
1506:(PDF)
1495:(PDF)
1286:Act 4
1221:Act 3
1207:march
1115:Act 2
1039:Act 1
991:banda
947:horns
927:oboes
925:), 2
866:bass
829:tenor
739:Cairo
727:Role
715:Roles
664:with
593:]
318:Milan
298:Opéra
155:Cairo
135:opera
46:Opera
3906:Aida
3871:Aida
3826:Aida
3818:Aida
3802:Aida
3691:Aida
3651:Aida
3298:Aida
3172:Aida
2837:Aida
2773:Aida
2756:ISBN
2746:and
2735:ISBN
2714:ISBN
2706:Aida
2692:ISBN
2652:ISBN
2635:ISBN
2617:ISBN
2603:Aida
2590:ISBN
2554:ISBN
2528:Aida
2517:ISBN
2499:Aida
2488:ISBN
2480:ISBN
2458:ISBN
2444:OCLC
2431:2011
2403:ISBN
2368:ISBN
2332:ISBN
2310:ISBN
2291:ISBN
2268:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2228:ISBN
2208:ISBN
2197:ISBN
2174:ISBN
2085:Aida
2048:Aida
2020:2018
1962:Aida
1936:Aida
1915:OCLC
1907:OCLC
1871:Aida
1713:ISBN
1585:ISBN
1514:2021
1472:Aida
1447:and
1109:Ptah
1093:Isis
995:harp
983:harp
953:, 3
949:, 2
945:, 4
941:, 2
933:, 2
789:bass
701:Aida
680:Aida
411:Aida
351:Aida
322:real
308:and
290:Aida
239:Aida
171:Aida
121:Aïda
118:(or
115:Aida
40:Aida
3799:'s
2787:BYU
2708:".
2532:in
653:RCA
645:NBC
157:'s
145:by
48:by
3947::
3478:-
3474:-
3470:-
2822:,
2808:,
2623:,
2568:de
2450:,
2420:.
2097:^
2088:,
1997:.
1979:.
1940:.
1913:;
1891:.
1678:^
1583:.
1581:54
1551:^
1534:^
1497:.
985:,
981:,
977:,
973:,
969:,
965:,
961:,
957:,
937:,
929:,
917:3
744::
711:.
591:de
488:,
343:,
316:,
237:,
196:,
185:.
124:,
3923::
3888:"
3884:"
3855:"
3851:"
3789:e
3782:t
3775:v
3482:)
3278:"
3274:"
3269:"
3265:"
3260:"
3256:"
3251:"
3247:"
3242:"
3238:"
3233:"
3229:"
3224:"
3220:"
3215:"
3211:"
2879:e
2872:t
2865:v
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2530:"
2526:"
2464:.
2454:.
2433:.
2411:.
2376:.
2340:.
2318:.
2299:.
2276:.
2257:.
2236:.
2182:.
2125:.
2060:.
2050:,
2046:"
2022:.
1964:"
1873:"
1800:.
1721:.
1697:.
1672:.
1516:.
1457:(
1191:.
425:.
270:)
96:)
34:.
20:)
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