644:, p. 772. "In this case, however, Ottoman records contain useful information about the ethnicities of the leading actors in the story. In comparison with 'Serbs', who were not a meaningful category to the Ottoman state, its records refer to 'Albanians' more frequently than to many other cultural or linguistic groups. The term 'Arnavud' was used to denote persons who spoke one of the dialects of Albanian, came from mountainous country in the western Balkans (referred to as 'Arnavudluk', and including not only the area now forming the state of Albania but also neighbouring parts of Greece, Macedonia, Kosovo, and Montenegro), organized society on the strength of blood ties (family, clan, tribe), engaged predominantly in a mix of settled agriculture and livestock herding, and were notable fighters — a group, in short, difficult to control. Other peoples, such as Georgians, Ahkhaz, Circassians, Tatars, Kurds, and Bedouin Arabs who were frequently identified by their ethnicity, shared similar cultural traits."
713:, pp. 233. "And a further complication is introduced by the term "Arnaut", which could he used as a synonym for "Albanian", hut tended to suggest those Albanians (in the ethnic-linguistic sense) who acted as soldiers for the Ottomans — though these included Catholic Albanians as well as Muslim ones. (When early reports refer to the local Ottoman forces, such as the force led by Mahmut Begolli , pasha of Peja, they usually state that they consisted largely of Arnauts. Those Serb historians who claim that the terms Arnaut and Albanian did not mean ethnic Albanians, when applied to the supporters of Piccolomini, seem to have no difficulty in accepting that they did have that meaning, when applied to those fighting against him.)"
56:
390:
569:) was one of the relatively few ethnic markers regularly added to the usual religious (Muslim-Zimmi) tags used to identify people in state records. These records show that the magnitude of banditry involving Albanians grew through the 1770s and 1780s to reach crisis proportions in the 1790s and 1800s."; p.107. "In light of the recent violent troubles in Kosovo and Macedonia and the strong emotions tied to them, readers are urged most emphatically not to draw either of two unwarranted conclusions from this article: that Albanians are somehow inherently inclined to banditry, or that the extent of Ottoman "Albania" or
381:
399:
38:
746:
Murati 1991, p. 71. "emri etnik a nacional e shqiptarëve, përkundër trajtës së drejtë sllave
Albanci, tash del të shqiptohet si Šiptari e Šipci me një konotacion përbuzës negativ, ashtu siç është përdorur në krye të herës te serbët edhe në kohën e Jugosllavisë së Vjetër bashkë dhe me formën Šiftari e
697:
Ethnic Groups of Europe: An
Encyclopedia; Jeffrey E. Cole - 2011, Page 15, "Arbëreshë was the term self-designiation of Albanians before the Ottoman invasion of the 15 century; similar terms are used for Albanian origins populations living in Greece ("Arvanitika," the Greek rendering of Arbëreshë)
687:
Malcolm, Noel. "Kosovo, a short history". London: Macmillan, 1998, p.29 "The name used in all these references is, allowing for linguistic variations, the same: 'Albanenses' or 'Arbanenses' in Latin, 'Albanoi' or 'Arbanitai' in
Byzantine Greek. (The last of these, with an internal switching of
573:(which included parts of present-day northern Greece, western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, Kosovo, and southern Serbia) gives any historical "justification" for the creation of a "Greater Albania" today."
287:
In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, due to socio-political disturbances by some
Albanians in the Balkans, the term was used as an ethnic marker for Albanians in addition to the usual
156:) was one of the few ethnic markers normally used, besides the regular religious labels, for the identification of people in official record of the Ottoman state.
432:
was used in a similar way, since at least the eighteenth century, for
Albanian mercenaries dressed in traditional garb and hired either by the rulers of the
538:, p. 90. "Der ursprüngliche Name Άλβανίτης (abgeleitet von Άλβάνος) wurde im Neugriechischen zu Άρβανίτης… In türkischer Vermittlung erfuhr die Silbe -
55:
328:
language as an exonym for
Albanian communities that settled in the Levant during the Ottoman era onward, especially for those residing in Syria. The term
546:-, so dass die türkische Form des Namens für die Albaner arnavut bzw. arnaut Lautet. In dieser Form gelangte das Wort ins Bulgarische (BER I/1971: 15). "
296:(آرناوودلق) for areas such as modern Albania, Western Macedonia, Southern Serbia, Kosovo, parts of northern Greece and southern Montenegro. The name
565:, pp. 88. "This Albanian participation in brigandage is easier to track than for many other social groups in Ottoman lands, because Albanian (
1078:"Die Namen für das Gänseblümchen Bellis perennis im Bulgarischen und seinen Nachbarsprachen–Etymologische und benennungstheoretische Aspekte"
425:
has also been used for instance by some
Western Europeans as a synonym for Albanians that were employed as soldiers in the Ottoman army. In
1103:
759:, p. 347. "зову Арнаут, Арнаутка, па од тог назива доцније им потомци прозову се Арнаутовићи. Арнаучићи зли, пакосни и убојити."
476:
389:
1063:
1036:
1013:
992:
971:
950:
856:
822:
940:
663:... included parts of present-day northern Greece, western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, Kosovo, and southern Serbia"; see also
496:
292:
religious terminology to identify people in
Ottoman state records. While the term used in Ottoman sources for the country was
1005:
The
Ottoman Empire, the Balkans, the Greek lands: Toward a social and economic history: Studies in honor of John C. Alexander
451:
were called
Arnauts in Egypt, and they were greatly valued in the Egyptian Army, especially for their traditional role as
871:
982:
225:
1077:
844:
63:
49:
1108:
243:
74:
961:
433:
289:
213:
31:
340:
like Bulgarian and within Serbian the term has also acquired pejorative connotations regarding Albanians.
337:
584:
491:
223:
211:
1003:
486:
481:
348:
202:Άλβανίτης (approx. "Albanítis"), derived from Άλβάνος ("Albános"), became Άρβανίτης "Árvanítis" in
902:
894:
380:
790:. Editura Univers Enciclopedic Gold for the Lingvistics Institute of the Romanian Academy. 2009
398:
1059:
1055:
1032:
1024:
1009:
988:
967:
946:
852:
818:
772:
426:
149:
810:
688:
consonants, gave rise to the Turkish form 'Arnavud', from which 'Arnaut' was later derived.)"
886:
456:
448:
264:
123:
82:
408:
231:
175:
163:
506:
260:
247:
141:
137:
768:
166:
geographical designation of the Albanian regions, including areas such as present-day
1097:
1048:
906:
219:
511:
203:
890:
929:
452:
910:
872:"The Ottoman Empire in Recent International Politics - II: The Case of Kosovo"
460:
183:
37:
785:
1050:
Islam in the Balkans: religion and society between Europe and the Arab world
963:
The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913
817:. Soldiers & Weapons. Vol. 41. Soldiershop Publishing. p. 23.
787:
Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române (ediția a II-a revăzută și adăugită)
501:
464:
441:
281:
252:
89:
659:, p. 41. "Anscombe (ibid., 107 n. 3) notes that Ottoman "Albania" or
199:
85:
898:
167:
17:
862:
418:
344:
325:
187:
179:
171:
284:
regardless of their religious affiliations, just like it is today.
437:
356:
45:
117:
107:
97:
207:
698:
and Turkey ("Arnaut," Turkish for the Greek term Arvanitika).
1029:
Albanische Geschichte: Stand und Perspektiven der Forschung
263:
borrowed their name for Albanians after hearing it from the
300:
for Albanian regions was a geographical designation, while
683:
681:
1054:. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. p.
851:. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers. pp. 87–113.
671:. 31.33, 39-40. For the Byzantine period. see Psimouli,
667:. s.v. "Arnawutluk. 6. History" (H. İnalcık) and Arsh,
1025:"The Great migration of the Serbs from Kosovo (1690)"
280:
During the Ottoman era, the name was used for ethnic
756:
347:and who later also settled in the Azov Littoral of
1047:
407:Albanian Ottoman soldiers - Arnauts, portrayed by
747:Arnauti me po të njëtat konotacione pejorative. "
558:
556:
554:
552:
1027:. In Schmitt, Oliver Jens; Frantz, Eva (eds.).
811:"Arnaout: Albanian (mounted infantry) regiment"
597:
706:
704:
637:
635:
633:
336:(Арнаути) has also been borrowed into Balkan
8:
815:Turkish army Crimean war uniforms – Volume 2
531:
529:
527:
652:
650:
620:
618:
641:
234:. This is reflected in the Turkish term,
27:Turkish ethnonym used to denote Albanians
769:Seven ethnographical miracles of Ukraine
609:
562:
312:refers only to the Republic of Albania.
54:
36:
710:
656:
624:
535:
523:
308:meaning 'ethnicity'. In modern Turkish
981:Kerslake, Celia; Göksel, Aslı (2014).
734:
60:Prayer in the house of an Arnaut chief
942:Arnavutluk Siyasetini Anlama Kılavuzu
7:
722:
118:
108:
98:
78:
343:In Ukraine, Albanians who lived in
845:"Albanians and "mountain bandits""
477:Names of the Albanians and Albania
436:for their court guards, or by the
25:
1046:Norris, Harry Thirlwall (1993).
879:The International History Review
847:. In Anscombe, Frederick (ed.).
497:Albania under the Ottoman Empire
397:
388:
379:
304:was an ethnic designation, with
136:; are ethnonyms used mainly by
1031:. Muunich: Oldenbourg Verlag.
931:Glasnik Srbskog učenog društva
849:The Ottoman Balkans, 1750–1830
1:
984:Turkish: An Essential Grammar
891:10.1080/07075332.2006.9641103
870:Anscombe, Frederick (2006b).
324:(الأرناؤوط) also entered the
1082:Zeitschrift für Balkanologie
928:Državnoj štampariji (1878).
843:Anscombe, Frederick (2006).
588:. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
246:(-van- to -nav-). A related
316:Transfer to other languages
1125:
598:Kerslake & Göksel 2014
29:
1104:Turkish words and phrases
798:– via DEXonline.ro.
371:Albanian Ottoman soldiers
1076:Theißen, Ulrich (2007).
1070:Albanians Arnaout Syria.
1008:. Istanbul: Isis Press.
960:Gawrych, George (2006).
809:Flaherty, Chris (2021).
757:Državnoj štampariji 1878
447:Albanian volunteers and
417:Historically used as an
206:. The pronunciation of "
1002:Kolovos, Elias (2007).
987:. New York: Routledge.
434:Romanian principalities
32:Arnaut (disambiguation)
1023:Malcolm, Noel (2009).
934:. Državnoj štampariji.
338:South Slavic languages
186:and parts of northern
67:
52:
966:. London: IB Tauris.
542:- eine Metathese zu -
411:in late 19th century.
58:
40:
939:Emin, Nedim (2014).
492:Albanians in Ukraine
365:Little Arnaut Street
162:(آرناوودلق) was the
30:For other uses, see
487:Albanians in Turkey
482:Albania (placename)
421:, the Turkish term
361:Great Arnaut Street
349:Zaporizhzhia Oblast
198:The original Greek
144:for Albanians with
945:. Istanbul: SETA.
737:, pp. 209–210
612:, pp. 88–107.
351:are also known as
332:(Арнаут), plural:
68:
53:
773:Ukrayinska Pravda
585:Osmanlıcayazılışı
457:mountain fighting
359:has two streets:
150:Albanian language
148:being called the
140:and contemporary
16:(Redirected from
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1089:
1072:
1053:
1042:
1019:
998:
977:
956:
935:
924:
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915:
909:. Archived from
876:
866:
861:. Archived from
829:
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799:
797:
795:
782:
776:
766:
760:
754:
748:
744:
738:
732:
726:
725:, pp. 9–17.
720:
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689:
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654:
645:
639:
628:
622:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
580:
574:
560:
547:
533:
449:mounted infantry
401:
392:
383:
265:Byzantine Greeks
229:
217:
121:
120:
111:
110:
101:
100:
80:
64:Jean-Léon Gérôme
50:Jean-Léon Gérôme
48:, a painting by
21:
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1123:
1119:
1118:
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1109:Albanian people
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1093:
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709:
702:
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686:
679:
655:
648:
640:
631:
623:
616:
608:
604:
600:, pp. 321.
596:
592:
581:
577:
561:
550:
534:
525:
520:
473:
415:
414:
413:
412:
409:Amedeo Preziosi
404:
403:
402:
394:
393:
385:
384:
373:
318:
278:
273:
232:Byzantine Greek
210:" changed from
196:
176:North Macedonia
164:Ottoman Turkish
88:used to denote
75:Ottoman Turkish
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1120:
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1111:
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978:
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885:(4): 758–793.
867:
865:on 2016-01-25.
857:
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801:
777:
775:. May 13, 2014
761:
749:
739:
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642:Anscombe 2006b
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355:. The city of
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195:
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152:. 'Albanian' (
26:
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1038:9783486589801
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1015:9789754283464
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994:9780415462686
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973:9781845112875
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952:9786054023448
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916:on 2019-09-24
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626:
621:
619:
615:
611:
610:Anscombe 2006
606:
603:
599:
594:
591:
587:
586:
582:"Arnavudca".
579:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:Anscombe 2006
559:
557:
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541:
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302:Arnavud kavmı
299:
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285:
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276:Ethnic marker
275:
270:
268:
266:
262:
261:Ottoman Turks
257:
255:
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249:
245:
242:, by ways of
241:
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227:
221:
220:ancient Greek
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1028:
1004:
983:
962:
941:
930:
918:. Retrieved
911:the original
882:
878:
863:the original
848:
836:Bibliography
814:
804:
792:. Retrieved
786:
780:
764:
752:
742:
730:
718:
711:Malcolm 2009
693:
672:
668:
664:
660:
657:Kolovos 2007
627:, p. 22
625:Gawrych 2006
605:
593:
583:
578:
570:
566:
543:
539:
536:Theißen 2007
512:Albanophobia
446:
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329:
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204:Modern Greek
197:
159:
158:
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145:
133:
128:
127:
113:
103:
93:
70:
69:
59:
41:
1088:(1): 87–99.
735:Norris 1993
453:skirmishers
182:, southern
178:, southern
112:), plural:
1098:Categories
920:2021-10-19
669:He Alvania
661:Arnavudluk
571:Arnavudluk
518:References
461:patrolling
442:bodyguards
310:Arnavutluk
298:Arnavutluk
294:Arnavudluk
244:metathesis
184:Montenegro
174:, western
160:Arnavudluk
134:Arnavutlar
132:, plural:
122:): modern
114:Arnavudlar
907:154724667
723:Emin 2014
502:Arvanites
465:bodyguard
320:The term
306:kavimiyet
282:Albanians
253:Arvanites
194:Etymology
146:Arnavutça
119:آرناوودلر
90:Albanians
899:40109813
471:See also
427:Romanian
250:term is
200:ethnonym
86:ethnonym
567:Arnavud
467:units.
345:Budzhak
334:Arnauti
322:Arnā'ūṭ
236:Arnavut
168:Albania
154:Arnavud
138:Ottoman
129:Arnavut
124:Turkish
109:آرناوود
104:Arnavud
99:اروانيد
94:Arvanid
83:Turkish
81:) is a
66:, 1857.
18:Arnauts
1062:
1035:
1012:
991:
970:
949:
905:
897:
855:
821:
794:11 May
675:. 28."
438:boyars
430:arnăut
423:Arnaut
419:exonym
353:Arnaut
330:Arnaut
326:Arabic
290:millet
240:Arnaut
188:Greece
180:Serbia
172:Kosovo
79:ارناود
71:Arnaut
42:Arnaut
914:(PDF)
903:S2CID
895:JSTOR
875:(PDF)
673:Souli
357:Odesa
271:Usage
248:Greek
142:Turks
62:, by
46:Cairo
1060:ISBN
1033:ISBN
1010:ISBN
989:ISBN
968:ISBN
947:ISBN
853:ISBN
819:ISBN
796:2020
463:and
363:and
259:The
1056:249
887:doi
665:El2
544:nav
540:van
440:as
238:or
230:in
222:to
218:in
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44:in
1100::
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1080:.
1068:.
1058:.
901:.
893:.
883:28
881:.
877:.
813:.
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976:.
955:.
923:.
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827:.
228:/
226:v
224:/
216:/
214:b
212:/
208:β
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