2419:
2408:
1446:
Schneider, Joerg W.; Lucas, Spencer G.; Scholze, Frank; Voigt, Sebastian; Marchetti, Lorenzo; Klein, Hendrik; Opluštil, Stanislav; Werneburg, Ralf; Golubev, Valeriy K.; Barrick, James E.; Nemyrovska, Tamara; Ronchi, Ausonio; Day, Michael O.; Silantiev, Vladimir V.; Rößler, Ronny (2020).
999:, the Asselian is equivalent to at least the lower part of the regional Zisongian stage of the Chuanshanian Series. Both the Nealian and Zisongian are defined by fusilinid assemblages, so their precise correlation to the conodont-based global timescale is uncertain.
1352:
Shen, Shuzhong; Zhang, Hua; Zhang, Yichun; Yuan, Dongxun; Chen, Bo; He, Weihong; Mu, Lin; Lin, Wei; Wang, Wenqian; Chen, Jun; Wu, Qiong; Cao, Changqun; Wang, Yue; Wang, Xiangdong (2019).
1788:
1175:
The
Nonmarine Permian: Volume 30 of Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, page 48. Editors Spencer G. Lucas, Kate E. Zeigler, 2005
825:. At the time, the Artinskian still encompassed most of the lower Permian – its current definitions are more restricted. The Asselian is named after the
1781:
1656:
557:
507:
456:
1774:
821:
The
Asselian Stage was introduced into scientific literature in 1954, when the Russian stratigrapher V.E. Ruzhenchev split it off from the
1591:
1292:"Nealian and Lenoxian (Wolfcampian, Lower Permian) Depositional Sequences, Fusulinid Facies and Biostratigraphy, Glass Mountains, Texas"
1002:
The
Asselian occupies a portion of major terrestrial sediment units in Europe, namely the Autunian series of France and the lower
474:
1605:
2447:
923:. There is some debate over the exact sequence of species; one option, according to Henderson (2018), lists the following
1096:
Davydov, Vladimir; Glenister, Brian; Spinosa, Claude; Ritter, Scott; Chernykh, V.; Wardlaw, B.; Snyder, W. (March 1998).
1543:"The Early Permian age of the Dunkard Group, Appalachian basin, U.S.A., based on spiloblattinid insect biostratigraphy"
1797:
1596:
546:
1409:"High-precision U-Pb zircon ages for explosive volcanism calibrating the NW European continental Autunian stratotype"
1291:
1449:"Late Paleozoic–early Mesozoic continental biostratigraphy — Links to the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Scale"
1649:
905:
The top of the
Asselian stage (the base of the Sakmarian stage) is at the first appearance of conodont species
719:
652:
1488:"Improved blattoid insect and conchostracan zonation for the Late Carboniferous, Pennsylvanian, of Euramerica"
1407:
Pellenard, Pierre; Gand, Georges; Schmitz, Mark; Galtier, Jean; Broutin, Jean; Stéyer, Jean-Sébastien (2017).
992:
2070:
2065:
1642:
283:
1051:
697:
609:
1314:
1188:
Davydov, V.I.; Glenister, B.F.; Spinosa, C.; Ritter, S.M.; Chernykh, V.V.; Wardlaw, B.R. and Snyder, W.S.
1015:
2452:
1045:
1021:
889:
845:
794:
492:
1554:
1499:
1420:
1365:
1225:
1098:"Proposal of Aidaralash as Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for base of the Permian System"
1039:
988:
779:
591:
1486:
Schneider, Joerg W.; Scholze, Frank; Ross, Andrew J.; Blake, Bascombe M.; Lucas, Spencer G. (2022).
1057:
708:
2401:
1196:
Proposal of
Aidaralash as Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for base of the Permian System
1027:
844:
The base of the
Asselian Stage is equivalent to the base of the Cisuralian Series and the Permian
1523:
1468:
1448:
1408:
1389:
1334:
1249:
996:
776:
761:
2418:
2442:
2199:
2163:
1570:
1515:
1381:
1241:
1151:
1140:
2293:
2168:
2137:
1934:
1562:
1507:
1487:
1460:
1428:
1373:
1326:
1233:
1112:
854:
626:
617:
2262:
2158:
2096:
1991:
1960:
1929:
1117:
916:
790:
1558:
1503:
1424:
1369:
1229:
2412:
2231:
2101:
1996:
1965:
1330:
907:
872:
830:
642:
323:
2436:
2132:
2122:
2091:
2054:
1986:
1955:
1750:
1745:
1527:
1472:
1393:
1353:
1338:
1253:
1213:
1033:
838:
806:
772:
769:
581:
414:
405:
247:
61:
1097:
2423:
2407:
2354:
2204:
2127:
1464:
2349:
2218:
2194:
2039:
1834:
1683:
1542:
1313:
Yugan, Jin; Qinghau, Shang; Xiangdong, Wang; Yue, Wang; Jinzhang, Sheng (1999).
984:
826:
303:
36:
1566:
2344:
2304:
2247:
2147:
2044:
1918:
1818:
1766:
1734:
1708:
1678:
1377:
1003:
899:
876:
864:
834:
822:
787:
646:
638:
622:
396:
360:
292:
81:
46:
1620:
1607:
1574:
1519:
1432:
1385:
1245:
1155:
879:. Other reference species which approximate the base of the Asselian include
734:
721:
667:
654:
2359:
2309:
2283:
2242:
2189:
2034:
2010:
1891:
1881:
1870:
1713:
1703:
1688:
1599:
at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS
1268:
810:
798:
369:
351:
314:
223:
86:
868:
1511:
2319:
2314:
2278:
2178:
2111:
2080:
1975:
1944:
1905:
1855:
1829:
1805:
1315:"Chronostratigraphic Subdivision and Correlation of the Permian in China"
802:
613:
334:
270:
236:
76:
71:
56:
51:
41:
2333:
2273:
2023:
1860:
1844:
1729:
1724:
1665:
924:
783:
387:
378:
258:
91:
66:
2369:
2252:
1886:
849:
712:
422:
1269:"Biostratigraphic zonation of late Paleozoic depositional sequences"
1237:
1296:
Cushman
Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication
1634:
1541:
Schneider, Jörg W.; Lucas, Spencer G.; Barrick, James E. (2013).
1078:
979:
In North
America, the regional equivalent of the Asselian is the
2393:
2389:
2385:
1273:
Cushman
Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Spec. Publication
860:
30:
1770:
1638:
848:. It is defined as the point in the stratigraphic record where
107:
859:
first appear. The global reference profile for the base (the
1354:"Permian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China"
933:
Streptognathodus postfusus / Streptognathodus barskovi
1036:(in part) (West Virginia / Ohio / Pennsylvania, USA)
2368:
2332:
2292:
2261:
2230:
2217:
2177:
2146:
2110:
2079:
2053:
2022:
2009:
1974:
1943:
1917:
1904:
1869:
1843:
1817:
1804:
750:
704:
691:
683:
634:
605:
597:
587:
577:
572:
564:
552:
542:
537:
529:
524:
100:
21:
1492:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
1218:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
797:. The Asselian lasted between 298.9 and 293.52
1782:
1650:
8:
805:(the latest or uppermost subdivision in the
506:Subdivision of the Permian according to the
1085:. International Commission on Stratigraphy.
513:Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.
2227:
2019:
1914:
1814:
1789:
1775:
1767:
1674:
1657:
1643:
1635:
1290:Ross, June R.P.; Ross, Charles A. (1997).
1267:Ross, Charles A.; Ross, June R.P. (1987).
1116:
1319:Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition
1070:
919:is mostly defined by the evolution of
457:Permian-Triassic mass extinction event
18:
1547:International Journal of Coal Geology
7:
1183:
1181:
482:
464:
446:
2388:= kiloannum (thousands years ago);
1597:Upper Paleozoic stratigraphic chart
2392:= megaannum (millions years ago);
1331:10.1111/j.1755-6724.1999.tb00820.x
1214:"Permian conodont biostratigraphy"
1030:(in part) (Kansas / Nebraska, USA)
863:) is located in the valley of the
14:
2396:= gigaannum (billions years ago).
2417:
2406:
1118:10.18814/epiiugs/1998/v21i1/003
475:end-Capitanian extinction event
1212:Henderson, Charles M. (2018).
1139:Shen, Shuzhong (August 2018).
1:
1835:Pleistocene (11.7 ka–2.58 Ma)
957:Streptognathodus cristellaris
786:. It is a subdivision of the
627:Streptognathodus wabaunsensis
29:298.9 ± 0.15 – 293.52 ± 0.17
1465:10.1016/j.palwor.2019.09.001
1358:Science China Earth Sciences
951:Streptognathodus sigmoidalis
945:Streptognathodus constrictus
881:Streptognathodus invaginatus
1798:Geological history of Earth
1592:GeoWhen Database - Asselian
963:Streptognathodus glenisteri
927:, from youngest to oldest:
2469:
2071:Mississippian (323–359 Ma)
2066:Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma)
1830:Holocene (present–11.7 ka)
1567:10.1016/j.coal.2013.07.019
1141:"Notes from the SPS Chair"
983:stage. The Nealian (lower
16:First stage of the Permian
2383:
2355:Paleoarchean (3.2–3.6 Ga)
2205:Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)
1672:
1378:10.1007/s11430-017-9228-4
969:Streptognathodus isolatus
801:. It was preceded by the
692:Upper boundary definition
618:Streptognathodus isolatus
606:Lower boundary definition
503:
105:
26:
2350:Mesoarchean (2.8–3.2 Ga)
2195:Miaolingian (497–509 Ma)
2040:Guadalupian (260–272 Ma)
1892:Paleocene (56.0–66.0 Ma)
1882:Oligocene (23.0–33.9 Ma)
1433:10.1016/j.gr.2017.07.014
2345:Neoarchean (2.5–2.8 Ga)
2310:Orosirian (1.8–2.05 Ga)
2305:Statherian (1.6–1.8 Ga)
2248:Cryogenian (635–720 Ma)
2138:Llandovery (433–444 Ma)
2045:Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)
1856:Pliocene (2.59–5.33 Ma)
213:−250 —
203:−255 —
193:−260 —
183:−265 —
173:−270 —
163:−275 —
153:−280 —
143:−285 —
133:−290 —
123:−295 —
113:−300 —
2315:Rhyacian (2.05–2.3 Ga)
2284:Calymmian (1.4–1.6 Ga)
2243:Ediacaran (539–635 Ma)
2190:Furongian (485–497 Ma)
2035:Lopingian (252–260 Ma)
1861:Miocene (5.33–23.0 Ma)
939:Streptognathodus fusus
809:) and followed by the
799:million years ago (Ma)
698:Mesogondolella monstra
2448:Permian geochronology
2320:Siderian (2.3–2.5 Ga)
2279:Ectasian (1.2–1.4 Ga)
2200:Series 2 (509–521 Ma)
1887:Eocene (33.9–56.0 Ma)
1512:10.1144/SP512-2021-93
1022:Archer City Formation
987:) is named after the
2360:Eoarchean (3.6–4 Ga)
2253:Tonian (720 Ma–1 Ga)
2133:Wenlock (427–433 Ma)
2123:Pridoli (419–423 Ma)
1083:www.stratigraphy.org
1052:Meisenheim Formation
1040:Goldlauter Formation
989:Neal Ranch Formation
975:Regional equivalents
861:GSSP or golden spike
695:FAD of the Conodont
2415: •
2404: •
2402:Geologic time scale
2164:Middle (458–470 Ma)
2128:Ludlow (423–427 Ma)
2097:Middle (383–393 Ma)
1992:Middle (237–247 Ma)
1961:Middle (164–174 Ma)
1621:50.2458°N 57.8914°E
1617: /
1559:2013IJCG..119...88S
1504:2022GSLSP.512..865S
1425:2017GondR..51..118P
1370:2019ScChD..62..154S
1230:2018GSLSP.450..119H
1028:Council Grove Group
1016:Altenglan Formation
777:chronostratigraphic
751:Upper GSSP ratified
735:53.9247°N 56.7287°E
731: /
705:Upper boundary GSSP
684:Lower GSSP ratified
668:50.2458°N 57.8914°E
664: /
635:Lower boundary GSSP
598:Time span formality
2413:Geology portal
2274:Stenian (1–1.2 Ga)
2169:Early (470–485 Ma)
2102:Early (393–419 Ma)
1997:Early (247–252 Ma)
1966:Early (174–201 Ma)
1935:Early (100–145 Ma)
1930:Late (66.0–100 Ma)
1079:"Chart/Time Scale"
1046:Manebach Formation
1010:Notable formations
995:of west Texas. In
890:Sphaeroschwagerina
762:geologic timescale
711:, Southern Urals,
588:Stratigraphic unit
578:Chronological unit
565:Time scale(s) used
493:Olson's Extinction
2430:
2429:
2328:
2327:
2294:Paleoproterozoic
2213:
2212:
2159:Late (444–458 Ma)
2092:Late (359–383 Ma)
2005:
2004:
1987:Late (201–237 Ma)
1956:Late (145–164 Ma)
1900:
1899:
1821:(present–2.58 Ma)
1809:(present–66.0 Ma)
1764:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1413:Gondwana Research
885:Str. nodulinearis
758:
757:
538:Usage information
519:
518:
499:
498:
481:
480:
463:
462:
2460:
2424:World portal
2422:
2421:
2411:
2410:
2373:
2337:
2297:
2266:
2263:Mesoproterozoic
2235:
2228:
2223:
2182:
2151:
2115:
2084:
2058:
2027:
2020:
2015:
1979:
1948:
1922:
1915:
1910:
1874:
1848:
1822:
1815:
1810:
1791:
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1627:
1626:50.2458; 57.8914
1622:
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1610:
1579:
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1136:
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1129:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1102:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1075:
921:Streptognathodus
887:(conodonts) and
865:Aidaralash River
855:Streptognathodus
852:of the conodont
829:in the southern
768:is the earliest
746:
745:
743:
742:
741:
740:53.9247; 56.7287
736:
732:
729:
728:
727:
724:
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674:
673:50.2458; 57.8914
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2379:
2371:
2364:
2335:
2324:
2295:
2288:
2264:
2257:
2233:
2232:Neoproterozoic
2222:(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)
2221:
2220:
2219:Proterozoic Eon
2209:
2180:
2173:
2149:
2142:
2113:
2106:
2082:
2075:
2056:
2049:
2025:
2013:
2012:
2001:
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1946:
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1307:
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1238:10.1144/SP450.9
1211:
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1206:
1187:
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1158:
1143:
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1133:
1123:
1121:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1012:
993:Glass Mountains
977:
917:biostratigraphy
896:Sph. fusiformis
819:
739:
737:
733:
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2250:
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2239:
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2208:
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2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2175:
2174:
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2166:
2161:
2155:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2055:Carboniferous
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2017:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1972:
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1963:
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1952:
1950:
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1932:
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1924:
1912:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1873:(23.0–66.0 Ma)
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1847:(2.58–23.0 Ma)
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1812:
1802:
1801:
1796:
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1793:
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1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1666:Permian Period
1664:
1662:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1639:
1601:
1600:
1594:
1587:
1586:External links
1584:
1581:
1580:
1533:
1498:(1): 865–891.
1478:
1459:(2): 186–238.
1438:
1399:
1364:(1): 154–188.
1344:
1325:(2): 127–138.
1305:
1282:
1259:
1224:(1): 119–142.
1204:
1202:(1): pp 11–18.
1177:
1168:
1131:
1088:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1058:Muse Formation
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1011:
1008:
976:
973:
972:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
941:
935:
908:Mesogondolella
873:Ural Mountains
831:Ural Mountains
818:
815:
770:geochronologic
756:
755:
752:
748:
747:
709:Usolka section
706:
702:
701:
693:
689:
688:
685:
681:
680:
643:Ural Mountains
636:
632:
631:
607:
603:
602:
599:
595:
594:
589:
585:
584:
579:
575:
574:
570:
569:
568:ICS Time Scale
566:
562:
561:
554:
553:Regional usage
550:
549:
544:
543:Celestial body
540:
539:
535:
534:
531:
530:Name formality
527:
526:
522:
521:
517:
516:
504:
501:
500:
497:
496:
491:
489:
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460:
455:
453:
444:
440:
439:
435:
434:
430:
429:
421:
420:
412:
411:
403:
402:
394:
393:
385:
384:
376:
375:
367:
366:
358:
357:
349:
348:
340:
339:
333:
332:
322:
321:
311:
310:
300:
299:
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267:
266:
254:
253:
245:
244:
232:
231:
219:
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206:
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196:
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186:
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176:
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161:
156:
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146:
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136:
131:
126:
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116:
111:
106:
103:
102:
98:
97:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
35:
34:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2465:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2367:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
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2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:(539 Ma–1 Ga)
2229:
2226:
2224:
2216:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2145:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2011:Paleozoic Era
2008:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:(66.0–145 Ma)
1916:
1913:
1911:
1909:(66.0–252 Ma)
1903:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1833:
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1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1752:
1751:Changhsingian
1749:
1747:
1746:Wuchiapingian
1744:
1743:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
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1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1537:
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1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
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1474:
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1458:
1454:
1450:
1442:
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1434:
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1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1387:
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1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1293:
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1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1064:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:Dunkard Group
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
974:
970:
966:
964:
960:
958:
954:
952:
948:
946:
942:
940:
936:
934:
930:
929:
928:
926:
922:
918:
913:
911:
909:
903:
901:
897:
893:
891:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
856:
851:
847:
842:
840:
839:Bashkortostan
836:
832:
828:
824:
816:
814:
812:
808:
807:Carboniferous
804:
800:
796:
792:
789:
785:
781:
778:
775:or lowermost
774:
771:
767:
763:
753:
749:
744:
714:
710:
707:
703:
700:
699:
694:
690:
686:
682:
677:
648:
644:
640:
637:
633:
629:
628:
624:
620:
619:
615:
611:
608:
604:
600:
596:
593:
590:
586:
583:
580:
576:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
548:
545:
541:
536:
532:
528:
523:
511:
510:, as of 2022.
509:
502:
494:
490:
485:
484:
476:
472:
467:
466:
458:
454:
449:
448:
445:
426:
416:
415:Changhsingian
407:
406:Wuchiapingian
398:
389:
380:
371:
362:
353:
344:
336:
329:
316:
305:
294:
285:
277:
276:
262:
260:
250:
249:
240:
238:
227:
225:
217:
110:
109:
104:
99:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
32:
25:
20:
2453:Permian Asia
2398:
2334:Archean Eon
2296:(1.6–2.5 Ga)
2181:(485–539 Ma)
2150:(444–485 Ma)
2114:(419–444 Ma)
2083:(359–419 Ma)
2057:(299–359 Ma)
2026:(252–299 Ma)
2014:(252–539 Ma)
1978:(201–252 Ma)
1947:(145–201 Ma)
1906:Mesozoic Era
1806:Cenozoic Era
1698:
1602:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1456:
1452:
1441:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1171:
1159:. Retrieved
1147:
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1108:
1104:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1024:(Texas, USA)
1006:of Germany.
1001:
980:
978:
968:
962:
956:
950:
944:
938:
932:
920:
914:
906:
904:
895:
888:
884:
880:
853:
843:
820:
817:Stratigraphy
765:
759:
696:
625:
616:
505:
342:
269:
256:
246:
234:
221:
2370:Hadean Eon
2148:Ordovician
1919:Cretaceous
1819:Quaternary
1684:Guadalupian
1624: /
1453:Palaeoworld
1419:: 118–136.
1198:, Episodes
1161:12 December
997:South China
985:Wolfcampian
827:Assel River
738: /
671: /
630:chronocline
621:within the
2437:Categories
2372:(4–4.6 Ga)
2336:(2.5–4 Ga)
2265:(1–1.6 Ga)
1871:Paleogene
1735:Capitanian
1709:Artinskian
1679:Cisuralian
1612:57°53′29″E
1609:50°14′45″N
1302:: 125–128.
1148:Permophile
1124:7 December
1065:References
1004:Rotliegend
900:fusilinids
877:Kazakhstan
835:Kazakhstan
823:Artinskian
788:Cisuralian
726:56°43′43″E
723:53°55′29″N
659:57°53′29″E
656:50°14′45″N
647:Kazakhstan
639:Aidaralash
623:morphotype
573:Definition
397:Capitanian
361:Artinskian
293:Cisuralian
101:Chronology
2399:See also:
2179:Cambrian
2112:Silurian
2081:Devonian
1976:Triassic
1945:Jurassic
1714:Kungurian
1704:Sakmarian
1689:Lopingian
1575:0166-5162
1553:: 88–92.
1528:238645303
1520:0305-8719
1473:210316208
1394:134488821
1386:1674-7313
1339:130794861
1254:132523775
1246:0305-8719
1156:1684-5927
1111:: 11–18.
1054:(Germany)
1048:(Germany)
1042:(Germany)
1018:(Germany)
915:Asselian
811:Sakmarian
525:Etymology
370:Kungurian
352:Sakmarian
224:Paleozoic
2443:Asselian
2024:Permian
1845:Neogene
1699:Asselian
1105:Episodes
1060:(France)
967:zone of
961:zone of
955:zone of
949:zone of
943:zone of
937:zone of
931:zone of
925:biozones
892:vulgaris
857:isolatus
803:Gzhelian
766:Asselian
614:Conodont
556:Global (
343:Asselian
335:Gzhelian
304:Guadalup
22:Asselian
1730:Wordian
1725:Roadian
1555:Bibcode
1500:Bibcode
1421:Bibcode
1366:Bibcode
1226:Bibcode
991:in the
981:Nealian
910:monstra
871:in the
867:, near
850:fossils
784:Permian
782:of the
760:In the
612:of the
487:←
469:←
451:←
388:Wordian
379:Roadian
259:Permian
208:–
198:–
188:–
178:–
168:–
158:–
148:–
138:–
128:–
118:–
2378:
1573:
1526:
1518:
1471:
1392:
1384:
1337:
1252:
1244:
1154:
869:Aqtöbe
846:System
795:Series
764:, the
713:Russia
601:Formal
533:Formal
441:
436:
431:
424:Induan
1524:S2CID
1469:S2CID
1390:S2CID
1335:S2CID
1250:S2CID
1150:: 4.
1144:(PDF)
1101:(PDF)
791:Epoch
780:stage
592:Stage
547:Earth
315:Lopin
1571:ISSN
1516:ISSN
1382:ISSN
1242:ISSN
1192:1998
1163:2020
1152:ISSN
1126:2020
894:and
883:and
837:and
754:2018
687:1996
37:PreꞒ
1563:doi
1551:119
1508:doi
1496:512
1461:doi
1429:doi
1374:doi
1327:doi
1234:doi
1222:450
1113:doi
902:).
875:of
833:of
793:or
773:age
610:FAD
582:Age
558:ICS
508:ICS
2439::
2394:Ga
2390:Ma
2386:ka
1569:.
1561:.
1549:.
1545:.
1522:.
1514:.
1506:.
1494:.
1490:.
1467:.
1457:29
1455:.
1451:.
1427:.
1417:51
1415:.
1411:.
1388:.
1380:.
1372:.
1362:62
1360:.
1356:.
1333:.
1323:73
1321:.
1317:.
1300:36
1298:.
1294:.
1277:24
1275:.
1271:.
1248:.
1240:.
1232:.
1220:.
1216:.
1200:21
1194::
1190:;
1180:^
1146:.
1109:21
1107:.
1103:.
1081:.
912:.
841:.
813:.
645:,
641:,
326:ET
273:Tr
237:Mz
87:Pg
31:Ma
1790:e
1783:t
1776:v
1658:e
1651:t
1644:v
1577:.
1565::
1557::
1530:.
1510::
1502::
1475:.
1463::
1435:.
1431::
1423::
1396:.
1376::
1368::
1341:.
1329::
1279:.
1256:.
1236::
1228::
1165:.
1128:.
1115::
898:(
715:.
560:)
284:P
248:C
92:N
82:K
77:J
72:T
67:P
62:C
57:D
52:S
47:O
42:Ꞓ
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