826:. They were married on January 7, 1862, at St. George's Church in St. Louis. He and Catherine had five children, four of whom died in infancy: Caroline Elizabeth, born in July 1863 at St. Louis; died before her first birthday; Katherine Norman, born in December 1868 at Fort Harker, Kansas; died a year later; Francis "Fannie" Gibson Norman, born in April 1872 at Nashville, Tennessee; died at eight months; Theodore Norman, born April 1875 at Fort Rice, North Dakota; died that winter. Their fourth child, Frederick Wilson, born March 27, 1873, at Atlanta, Georgia, survived, living until July 20, 1956. Like his father, he pursued a military career, rising to Lt. Colonel.
681:, Custer divided his force into three battalions. He assigned Benteen command of a battalion comprising Troops D, H and K, tasked with searching on the left flank and securing any possible escape route. Benteen searched fruitlessly through rough ground for about two hours before returning to the trail of the main column. At a marshy crossing of Reno Creek ("the morass"), he stopped twenty minutes to water the horses. Some of his officers were concerned with the delay; one asked, "I wonder what the old man is keeping us here for." Just before leaving, they heard the sound of gunfire in the distance. Captain
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battleground after his scouting trip he saw Major Reno's demoralized men attempting to organize a defensive position on the bluff and he chose to join them. This decision assured Custer's death. It would seem, therefore, that
Benteen must be condemned; yet if he had tried to carry out the order it is possible his three companies would have been hacked to pieces en route. Then Reno's weakened command surely would have collapsed, and when General Terry arrived he would count every single man of the Seventh Cavalry dead.
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Indians back just as it seemed the soldiers would be overrun. Cool and calm (at one point he lay down for a nap), Benteen walked among his troops encouraging them. When his men urged him to get down, he replied that he was protected by some charm his wife had sewn in his uniform. He was wounded in the thumb, and the heel was shot off one of his boots.
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devised a plan of punitive reprisals. His troops would respond to Indian attacks by entering their winter encampments, destroying supplies and livestock, and killing those who resisted. The cavalry was directed to travel in the dead of winter through a largely uncharted region, which required daring
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encampment. Benteen's failure to promptly comply with Custer's orders is one of the most controversial aspects of the famed battle. The fight resulted in the death of Custer and the complete annihilation of the five companies of cavalrymen which comprised Custer's detachment, but
Benteen's relief of
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Just then, Benteen arrived. Looking at the situation, he realized this was "a hell of a place to fight
Indians." He decided they must retreat to their original position, now called the "Reno-Benteen defense site". Here Benteen quickly established a horseshoe-shaped defensive perimeter on the bluffs
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As they approached the Little
Bighorn River, Benteen was met by a messenger from Custer, soon followed by another, both saying that a big village had been found and that Benteen should immediately come up. A note delivered to him read: "Come on. Big village. Be quick. Bring packs. PS: Bring packs."
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newspaper and published without
Benteen's permission or name. On its publication Custer called the officers together and threatened to 'horsewhip' the author. Without revealing that the letter had been published without his knowledge or permission, Benteen admitted authorship, albeit with a hand on
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On
October 13, Benteen and his men were assigned to escort a wagon train loaded with weapons and ammunition meant for the regiment. They reached the wagon train just as a war party began to attack. Benteen drove off the warriors, saving the wagon train from capture. Later following the trail of the
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When
General Terry and his staff reached him, Benteen asked if he knew "where Custer had gone." Terry answered, "To the best of my knowledge and belief, he lies on this ridge about four miles below here with all his command killed." Benteen could not believe it. Later they rode to the battlefield,
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As night fell, the attack slackened off, while the large Lakota village was alive with celebration. About 2:30 a.m., two rifle shots signaled a resumption of the attack. Whatever his reluctance earlier, Benteen took charge of the force, leading at least one, perhaps three, charges which drove
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Attacks on the soldiers dwindled by the afternoon of June 26. By 4:00 p.m., gunfire had stopped altogether. By 5:00 p.m., thick smoke obscured the village. The smoke cleared by sunset, revealing the entire village moving away "two to three and a half miles long and from half a mile to a
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Benteen explained to the 1879 Court of
Inquiry why he did what he did, and his reasoning is equally clear from subsequent remarks. He thought it impossible to obey; to do so would have been suicide. "We were at their hearths and homes," he said, referring to the Sioux, "their medicine was working
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Custer, in his battle report to
Sheridan, made little reference to US casualties. During the action itself, the 7th lost only one man killed (Captain Hamilton) and seven wounded. However, shortly after the battle, Major Elliott and 19 men had pursued escaping warriors up the river and had yet to
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frontier. In late July 1868, Benteen led an expedition to provide security for the Indian agents near Fort Larned. On August 13, Benteen, commanding 30 troopers, encountered a Cheyenne raiding party along the banks of Elk Horn Creek near Fort Zarah. He charged into a force of what appeared to be
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as U.S. President in 1860 polarized the country and the state. While a slave state, Missouri had many Union sympathizers and active abolitionists. Theodore Charles Benteen, an ardent secessionist, vehemently opposed his son's associating with Unionists. A family crisis was ignited when Frederick
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After a delay of at least half an hour waiting for orders, Captain Weir rode north about a mile toward the sound of gunfire to the present-day Weir Point, followed by his company. There they could see a cloud of dust and smoke some three miles farther north. They assumed it was Custer. As they
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had attacked the southwest corner of the large village, farther down the Little Bighorn River, and had been routed with heavy casualties. The tattered remains of the battalion struggled to cross the river and climb the bluffs, pursued by many warriors. Benteen met up with the remnants of the
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Benteen has been criticized by some military analysts because he failed to obey (Custer's) instructions. He received the note, he read it, he thought enough of it to tuck it in a pocket, but he did not get the ammunition packs and rush forward to Custer's aid. Instead, as he approached the
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about fifty warriors. To Benteen's surprise, he next discovered more than 200 Cheyenne raiding a ranch. Benteen pursued the Cheyenne without rest until dark, engaging them throughout the day without respite. This first undisputed victory of the 7th US Cavalry brought Benteen a brevet to
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mile wide ... as if someone was moving a heavy carpet over the ground." moving south. Overnight, Army stragglers from Reno's battalion, given up for dead, wandered in. Finally, during the morning of June 27, the survivors could see a cloud of dust downriver. It turned out to be Generals
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Benteen subsequently served in the U.S. Cavalry another 12 years, being both honored by promotion and disgraced with a conviction for drunkenness by a military tribunal. He retired for health reasons in 1888, and lived a further decade until his death from natural causes at age 63.
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leadership. Sheridan turned to Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer, who was brought back early from his court-martial and given the mission. Sheridan trusted only Custer with such a deed, and in November 1868 Custer returned to his regiment under special orders from Sheridan.
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On November 23, 1868, Custer left Camp Supply with the 11 companies of the 7th US Cavalry, heading toward the Washita River. On November 27, the 7th surrounded a Cheyenne encampment at the river. Just before dawn, Custer launched a four-pronged
502:. (Len Eagleburger's book places Benteen at the Battle of Wilson's Creek in August 1861.) The 1st Missouri Volunteer Cavalry was often referred to as "Bowen's Battalion." It was later redesignated as the 9th and then merged into the
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from Baltimore shortly after the birth of their first child, Henrietta Elizabeth, in October 1831. Frederick Benteen was educated at the Petersburg Classical Institute, where he was first trained in military drill. His family moved to
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Captain Benteen still commanded H Troop of the Seventh US Cavalry regiment during an 1876 expedition to find the Lakota and Cheyenne and force them onto reservations. On June 25, 1876, still searching approximately 12 miles from the
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729:, who was deaf in one ear—also heard it. Both Reno and Benteen claimed they never heard it. Further, they did not at once advance to find out, which would later give rise to charges that they had abandoned Custer.
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was already mounted at the head of the column. Pointing ahead, he said of Custer's companies, "They ought to be over there," and started his company forward. Benteen ordered the rest of the battalion to advance.
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return: as such they were posted as missing. It later emerged that Elliott (who rode off with the cry "Here's for a brevet or a coffin!") had been surrounded and killed by the Cheyenne, along with all his men.
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The slow pack mules, carrying reserve ammunition and guarded by B Troop, had reached the marsh and were slaking their thirst. After first waiting for the pack train, Benteen decided to move on without them.
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580:. He was assigned to this regiment for 16 years, through many of the Indian Wars. Until 1882, except for periods of leave and detached duty, Benteen commanded H Troop of the 7th US Cavalry.
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In the aftermath of the battle, Benteen's decision to remain with Reno, rather than continuing on at once to seek Custer, was much criticized. One veteran of the battle said decades later:
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Reno proved incompetent and Benteen showed his indifference – I will not use the uglier words that have often been in my mind. Both failed Custer and he had to fight it out alone.
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Benteen Elementary School in Atlanta, Georgia is named for Frederick Benteen's son, Frederick Wilson Benteen, who grew up there and had a military career.
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Benteen concluded that Custer had abandoned Elliott and wrote to a friend criticizing the senior officer over this. The letter was passed to the
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While stationed in eastern Missouri in 1856, Benteen became acquainted with Catharine "Kate" Louisa Norman, a young woman recently arrived in
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reduced his sentence to a one-year suspension. Benteen retired on July 7, 1888, citing disability from rheumatism and heart disease.
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Benteen was promoted to major, 9th U.S. Cavalry, in December 1882. In 1887, he was suspended for drunk and disorderly conduct at
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Shortly afterward, they were surprised that the pursuing warriors began to turn away from them and head north. Three miles back,
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On the Little Bighorn with Walter Camp: A Collection of Walter Mason Camp's Letters, Notes and Opinions on Custer's Last Fight
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watched, however, they saw warriors emerging from the smoke, heading toward them, "thick as grasshoppers in a harvest field."
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battalion on Reno Hill, and Reno called out "For God's sake Benteen! Halt your command and help me! I've lost half my men!"
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his pistol. Custer did not attempt a whipping but dismissed the matter with a curt "Mister Benteen, I will see you later".
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In January 1867, Benteen departed for his new assignment with the 7th US Cavalry Regiment and its field commander Lt. Col.
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After scouting the area of the left flank as ordered, Captain Benteen received a note from his superior officer
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Benteen died in Atlanta, Georgia, on June 22, 1898, leaving his widow Kate and son Frederick. He was buried in
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near where he and Reno had met earlier. They were attacked immediately and throughout the rest of the day.
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ordering him to quickly bring up the ammunition packs and join him in Custer's surprise attack on a large
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Shortly thereafter he was appointed to the rank of colonel as commander of the 138th Infantry Regiment,
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Private William Taylor, M Troop 7th US cavalry, veteran of Little Bighorn. Letter of 21 February 1910
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On January 30, 1867, Benteen made a customary courtesy call to the quarters of Custer and his wife
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Burial Detail: Benteen, Frederick William (Section 3, Grave 1351, Interment Date: November 1, 1902
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Following the Civil War, the Cheyenne Indians represented the greatest threat on the
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Harvest of Barren Regrets: The Army Career of Frederick William Benteen, 1834–1898
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well, and they were fighting for all the good God gives anyone to fight for."
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The Reno Court of Inquiry: Abstract of the Official Record of the Proceeding
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Touched by Fire: The Life, Death, and Afterlife of George Armstrong Custer
1255:, Hardin, MT: Custer Battlefield Historical and Museum Association, 2000.
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where Benteen identified Custer's body. "By God, he said, "that is him."
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raiding party, the 7th US Cavalry came upon a Cheyenne encampment on the
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Meanwhile, the battalion made up of Troops A, G and M, and led by Major
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Frederick Benteen: Oath of Office as Captain in the 7th Cavalry, 1866
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The Custer Battle Casualties: Burials, Exhumations, and Reinternments
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30:"Benteen" redirects here. For the music publisher and composer, see
1144:. (Lincoln, NE: The university of Nebraska Press, 1974), pp. 43-44.
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The Fighting 10th: The History of the 10th Missouri Cavalry US
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on February 27, 1890, for his actions in that campaign at the
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Men with Custer: Biographies of the 7th Cavalry June 25, 1876
1083:. (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1974), p. 217
1196:. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2000), p. 260
1031:. (Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1995), pp. 194–195.
953:. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990), p. 75.
1220:, on Atlanta school system site; Retrieved March 9, 2012.
1070:. (New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1996), p. 311.
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Custer: The Controversial Life of George Armstrong Custer
1157:. (Hardin, MT: Custer Battlefield Museum, 1996), p. 780.
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The Benteen-Goldin Letters on Custer and his Last Battle
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The Benteen-Goldin Letters on Custer and His Last Battle
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As captain of H Troop, Benteen led a squadron of Major
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Son of The Morning Star: Custer and the Little Bighorn
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Custer in '76: Walter Camp's Notes on the Custer Fight
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United States Army personnel who were court-martialed
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In response to the continued Cheyenne raids, General
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and the adoration of the settlers of central Kansas.
1183:. (El Segundo, CA: Upton and Sons, 1989), pp. 19-20.
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Benteen participated in numerous battles during the
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992:. (San Francisco: North Point Press, 1984), p. 281
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1194:To Hell with Honor: Custer and the Little Bighorn
1096:(San Francisco: North Point Press, 1984), p. 281.
1248:, Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1986
1155:Official Transcript of the Reno Court of Inquiry
802:. He was convicted and faced dismissal from the
529:. On February 27, 1864, Benteen was promoted to
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457:Frederick Benteen was born August 24, 1834, in
1251:Hammer, Kenneth, edited by Ronald H. Nichols,
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859:. Benteen's remains were later re-interred at
473:. Theodore and Caroline moved their family to
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1383:Recipients of American presidential clemency
1373:Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
1353:People of Missouri in the American Civil War
1218:"Frederick Wilson Benteen Elementary School"
1262:, Glendale, CA: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1985.
925:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp.
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127:Learn how and when to remove this message
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500:1st Missouri Volunteer Cavalry Regiment
1358:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
1241:. El Segundo, CA: Upton and Sons, 1999
27:United States Army officer (1834–1898)
1348:People of the Great Sioux War of 1876
1131:Kenneth Hammer, Custer in '76, p. 81.
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610:Frederick Benteen in his later years
65:adding citations to reliable sources
1276:(Bloomington, IN: 1stBooks), 2004.
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1338:American people of Dutch descent
1333:People from Petersburg, Virginia
572:7th Cavalry service under Custer
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1303:, Shapell Manuscript Foundation
899:New York: Facts On File, 1988.
52:needs additional citations for
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897:Who Was Who in the Civil War.
1363:Battle of the Little Bighorn
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779:Benteen participated in the
513:, among them the battles of
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385:Battle of the Little Bighorn
157:Frederick Benteen circa 1865
1368:United States Army officers
861:Arlington National Cemetery
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494:on September 1, 1861, as a
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208:Arlington National Cemetery
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783:in 1877. He was brevetted
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1239:Battle of Little Big Horn
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753:. The standoff was over.
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403:Frederick William Benteen
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145:Frederick William Benteen
917:Wert, Jeffry D. (1996).
723:Captain Thomas McDougall
333:Battle of Wilson's Creek
226:United States of America
1094:Son of the Morning Star
1003:Son of the Morning Star
708:Son of the Morning Star
641:Battle of Washita River
578:George Armstrong Custer
434:George Armstrong Custer
348:Battle of Pleasant Hill
1299:June 16, 2014, at the
789:Battle of Canyon Creek
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727:Edward Settle Godfrey
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535:10th Missouri Cavalry
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453:Early life and career
380:Battle of the Washita
308:10th Missouri Cavalry
252:Years of service
679:Little Bighorn River
558:Battle of Mine Creek
459:Petersburg, Virginia
429:in late June, 1876.
363:Battle of Mine Creek
176:Petersburg, Virginia
61:improve this article
1343:Union Army colonels
1307:Complete transcript
1258:Mills, Charles K.,
1235:Custer's Last Fight
850:William Y. Atkinson
800:Fort Duchesne, Utah
542:U.S. Colored Troops
480:St. Louis, Missouri
338:Battle of Pea Ridge
76:"Frederick Benteen"
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962:Richard Hardorff,
895:Sifakis, Stewart.
857:Charles A. Collier
781:Nez Perce campaign
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407:American Civil War
368:Battle of Columbus
358:Battle of Westport
353:Siege of Vicksburg
328:American Civil War
242:United States Army
1179:Richard Hardoff,
1140:John M. Carroll,
1092:Evan S. Connell,
1079:John M. Carroll,
1053:Kenneth Hammer,
1001:Evan S. Connell,
988:Evan S. Connell,
905:978-0-8160-1055-4
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186:June 22, 1898
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78: –
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72:Find sources:
66:
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55:
50:This article
48:
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39:
38:
33:
32:F. D. Benteen
19:
1273:
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1237:, Volume I,
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907:. pp. 49–50.
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852:and Atlanta
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824:Philadelphia
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747:Alfred Terry
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652:Black Kettle
648:Joel Elliott
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539:
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484:
456:
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413:against the
402:
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321:Battles/wars
283:Regular Army
271:(Union Army)
188:(1898-06-22)
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1328:1898 deaths
1323:1834 births
751:John Gibbon
715:Marcus Reno
683:Thomas Weir
490:joined the
482:, in 1849.
463:Netherlands
443:Marcus Reno
375:Indian Wars
1317:Categories
870:References
492:Union Army
246:Union Army
215:Allegiance
169:1834-08-24
87:newspapers
1170:, p. 249.
1122:, p. 143.
1109:, p. 129.
1018:, p. 101.
1005:, p. 281.
820:St. Louis
585:Elizabeth
523:Vicksburg
519:Pea Ridge
467:Baltimore
255:1861–1888
1297:Archived
1057:, p. 76.
1044:, p. 70.
979:, p. 75.
847:Governor
767:—
564:for the
556:for the
527:Westport
475:Virginia
471:Maryland
304:Commands
236:Service/
844:Georgia
840:Atlanta
793:Chicago
619:in the
601:colonel
589:Atlanta
548:in the
546:captain
498:in the
425:at the
269:Colonel
101:scholar
18:Benteen
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814:Family
596:Kansas
525:, and
441:Major
415:Lakota
297:Brevet
238:branch
103:
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927:17–18
854:mayor
822:from
554:major
279:Major
230:Union
108:JSTOR
94:books
1278:ISBN
1264:ISBN
931:ISBN
901:ISBN
804:Army
749:and
560:and
417:and
260:Rank
195:, US
183:Died
178:, US
163:Born
80:news
838:in
705:in
63:by
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