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369:) and consisted of around 102-106 oak and pine log-houses that were of similar layout, measuring ca. 8 by 10 metres (26 by 33 feet) each. They consisted of two chambers and an open entrance-area. These houses were designed to accommodate 10–12 persons. An open hearth was located in the centre of the biggest room. There are no larger houses that could indicate social stratification. Because of the damp, boggy ground the streets were covered with wooden planks.
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There are two settlement periods at
Biskupin, which was located in the middle of a lake but is now situated on a peninsula, that follow each other without a break. Both settlements were laid out on a rectangular grid with eleven streets that are three metres (9.8 ft) wide. The older settlement
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The settlement was surrounded by a tall wooden wall, or palisade, set on a rampart made up of both wood and earth. The rampart was constructed of oak trunks that form boxes filled with earth. The rampart is more than 450 metres (1,480 feet) long and accompanied by a wooden breakwater in the lake.
340:". The existence of a prehistoric fortress, 70 km (43 mi) from the German border, was used to show that the prehistoric "Poles" had held their own against foreign invaders and plunderers as early as the late Bronze Age. Biskupin came to feature in paintings and popular novels.
324:(1885–1969) and Zdzisław Rajewski (1907–1974). The first report was published in 1936. By the beginning of 1939, ca. 2,500 m (26,909.78 sq ft) had been excavated. Biskupin soon became famous, attracting numerous distinguished guests, including officials of the
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until 1942. When the
Germans were forced to retreat they flooded the site hoping to destroy it, but—ironically—it led to very good preservation of the ancient timbers. Excavations were resumed by Polish archaeologists after the war and continued until 1974.
480:) was built on the peninsula, but it was intentionally destroyed by retreating Germans near the end of World War II. After the war it was rebuilt, and the ramparts and one full street with houses on both sides were also added.
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analysis provided more accurate dating. It proved that oak wood used in the construction of the settlement was cut down between 747–722 B.C. Over half of the wood used was cut during the winter of 748/747 B.C.
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332:. The site soon became part of Polish national consciousness, the symbol of achievements of the Slavonic forebears in prehistoric times. It was called the "Polish
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from the 8th century BC. The excavation and the reconstruction of the prehistoric settlement has played an instrumental part in Polish historical consciousness.
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Z. Rajewski "Osadnictwo ludności z kulturą łużycką we wczesnym okresie epoki żelaznej w
Biskupinie i okolicy" Archeologia Polski, t. II 1958,
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Hypothetical reconstruction of a
Lusatian culture settlement, raised using only bronze age tools – Wola Radziszowska (near Cracow)- Poland
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When the
Germans occupied Poland in the autumn of 1939, Biskupin was renamed "Urstädt". In 1940, excavations were resumed by the
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of 1998, Biskupin was granted the status of an independent institution known as the
Archeological Museum in Biskupin.
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Zarządzenie
Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 8 września 1994 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii.
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796:"Biskupin 'postarzał się' o 200 lat. 85. rocznica odkrycia osady i 25-lecie ustalenia daty jej założenia"
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In 1933 Polish archaeologists discovered remains of a Bronze Age fort/settlement in
Wielkopolska Region (
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In the 2000s, a film prop "medieval" timber castle was constructed on a part of the original site.
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C and D periods (late Bronze Age/early Iron Age, 800–650 BC and 650–475 BC). There are four
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settlement, but archaeologists later confirmed it belonged to the
Biskupin group of the
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1141:"- From the history of Biskupin research – Muzeum Archeologiczne w Biskupinie"
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Z. Rajewski "Biskupin – osiedle obronne sprzed 2500 lat", Arkady, Warszawa 1970,
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990:] (in Polish). Warsaw: Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych. p. 5-6.
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Z. Rajewski "Biskupin – osiedl obronne sprzed 2500 lat", Arkady, Warszawa 1970
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Danuta
Piotrowska, Biskupin 1933–1996: archaeology, politics and nationalism.
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Józef Kostrzewski "Osada bagienna w Biskupinie w pow. żnińskim", Poznań 1936
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from the late Bronze Age was established on a slightly wet island of over 2
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Interior of the Archaeological Museum next to the reconstructed settlement
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932:"Rówieśnik Rzymu, polskie Pompeje. 90 lat temu okryty został Biskupin"
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The Biskupin archeological site was featured on stamps issued by the
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government, members of the military, and high churchmen such as the
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The settlement served as a setting in a number of films including
245:. When first discovered it was thought to be early evidence of a
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Z. Rajewski "10 000 lat Biskupina i jego okolic", Warszawa 1965,
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853:"Szlakiem miejsc niezwykłych - Pomniki Historii s.I - Biskupin"
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In August 2018, the Biskupin settlement was celebrated with a
879:"100 POMNIKÓW HISTORII NA STULECIE ODZYSKANIA NIEPODLEGŁOŚCI"
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The official website of the Biskupin Archaeological Museum
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300:), as designated September 16, 1994, and tracked by the
1115:"85th Anniversary of the Biskupin Settlement Discovery"
1089:"Jerzy Hoffman zaprezentował "Starą baśń" w Bydgoszczy"
381:) of wood was used in the construction of the rampart.
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on the 85th anniversary of the discovery of the site.
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and 8 km (5 mi) south of the small town of
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958:"Biskupin – A Discovery That Shocked Archeology"
256:The Museum is situated on a marshy peninsula in
1011:"BISKUPIN – STRONGHOLD OF THE LUSATIAN CULTURE"
825:Judyta Ostapiak-Jagodzińska (8 December 2020).
716:"Gród prasłowiański w Biskupinie", Poznań 1938,
290:The site is one of Poland's official national
988:10000 years of Biskupin and surrounding areas
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267:, ca. 90 kilometres (56 miles) northeast of
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1248:Museums in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
1193:Biskupin archeological site on Google Maps
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438:The settlement at Biskupin belongs to the
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19:For other places with the same name, see
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16:Bronze Age archaeological site in Poland
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710:35–36, 1997/98, 255–285, ISSN 0066-5924
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412:An Ancient Tale: When the Sun Was a God
930:Łukasz Starowieyski (31 August 2023).
827:"Biskupin –ikona polskiej archeologii"
229:site and a life-size model of a late
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1035:Szymon Modzelewski (6 April 2021).
476:In 1936 the first life-size model (
453:Later settlement: 560±150 (Gif 495)
450:First settlement: 720±150 (Gif 494)
560:Model of the Bronze Age settlement
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1238:Former populated places in Poland
302:National Heritage Board of Poland
170:In ruins, partially reconstructed
38:Reconstructed gateway at Biskupin
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815:, M.P., 1994, vol. 50, No. 412
285:Polish local government reforms
81:Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
1095:(in Polish). 16 September 2003
906:"Biskupin: The Polish Pompeii"
751:Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship
584:Archeological Festival in 2009
277:National Museum of Archaeology
243:archaeological open-air museum
199:M.P. z 1994 r. Nr 50, poz. 412
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459:A2 4C, VII: 620±150 (Gif 493)
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984:10000 lat Biskupina i okolic
1218:Prehistoric sites in Poland
982:Rajewski, Zdzisław (1965).
512:Reconstructed entrance gate
181:Historic Monument of Poland
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1233:Open-air museums in Poland
904:Marek Kępa (7 July 2021).
456:Rampart: 620±150 (Gif 492)
308:History of the excavations
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524:Most recent gate and wall
409:and 2003 historical film
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21:Biskupin (disambiguation)
320:, led by archaeologists
241:that also serves as an
609:protohistory of Poland
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1223:Archaeology of Poland
536:The interior of a hut
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112:52.78833°N 17.74444°E
377:(210,000 to 280,000
1228:Landmarks in Poland
1037:"GRÓD W BISKUPINIE"
1015:medievalheritage.eu
707:Archaeologia Polona
627:Bronze and Iron Age
548:Reconstructed walls
465:dendrochronological
406:With Fire and Sword
393:in 1966 and 1978.
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64:Shown within Poland
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1063:"OGNIEM I MIECZEM"
800:poznan.wyborcza.pl
572:Reconstructed huts
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385:In popular culture
292:Historic Monuments
196:Reference no.
117:52.78833; 17.74444
1041:opiekun.kalisz.pl
736:Castles in Poland
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663:Przeworsk culture
635:Early Middle Ages
330:primate of Poland
326:Marshal Piłsudski
322:Józef Kostrzewski
318:Poznań University
237:in north-central
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1243:Żnin County
1167:biskupin.pl
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1069:(in Polish)
1043:(in Polish)
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883:biskupin.pl
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831:histmag.org
444:radiocarbon
391:Polish Post
338:Herculaneum
261: [
247:West Slavic
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91:Coordinates
1212:Categories
1125:3 February
1099:3 February
1073:3 February
1047:3 February
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910:culture.pl
889:3 February
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782:References
746:Bronze Age
741:Archeology
616:Chronology
379:cubic feet
235:settlement
233:fortified
231:Bronze Age
191:1994-09-08
188:Designated
162:Site notes
157:747–748 BC
132:Settlement
103:17°44′40″E
100:52°47′18″N
936:dzieje.pl
631:Antiquity
623:Stone Age
472:The model
463:However,
440:Hallstatt
349:Ahnenerbe
167:Condition
1203:Biskupin
730:See also
651:Biskupin
400:'s 1998
363:hectares
356:The site
225:) is an
214:Biskupin
143:Material
77:Biskupin
73:Location
27:Biskupin
766:Wenecja
487:Gallery
334:Pompeii
151:Founded
138:History
857:tvp.pl
776:Gąsawa
761:Pałuki
641:Topics
426:Dating
281:Warsaw
269:Poznań
239:Poland
218:Polish
85:Poland
1093:wp.pl
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367:acres
365:(4.9
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146:Wood
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