378:
substrate, while the anterior flagellum beats less rapidly and in a slow sweeping motion. Further studies by
Simpson and Patterson (1999) go into greater detail about the flagella and describe the flagellar apparatus as having a third, barren basal body. Supporting the dorsal side of the cell is a microtubular fan with a microtubular root at the anterior end. On the ventral side, microtubules extending from different flagellar roots support the ventral groove. The anterior flagellum has a "9+2" axoneme. Simpson and Patterson described that in addition to the "9+2" axoneme, the posterior flagellum also has "three radiating lamellae of electron-dense material which form the central components of vanes". The first lamella arises from after the flagellar insertion and is directed ventrally. The second lamella originates opposite from the first lamella. The third lamella supports the third vane, which is located more distally and lies perpendicular to the other two vanes or lamellae. All three lamella have striations when viewed in a longitudinal section and these striations are perpendicular to the "9+2" axoneme.
37:
439:
all subunits of the Ndc80 complex involved in chromosome segregation. ORC and Cdc6 are proteins in charge of replication initiation and licensing in eukaryotes, and their absence appears to indicate the existence of a non-standard and as-yet undescribed mechanism to start replication. The absence of Ndc80 complex proteins also suggest that a non-standard mechanism could be in place for chromosome attachment to microtubules for chromosome segregation.
452:. In short: replication is proposed to proceed by a Dmc1-dependent homologous recombination mechanism that does not require origins of replication and that is mediated by RNA:DNA hybrids. This hypothesis still needs to be experimentally proven. Sexual or parasexual reproduction have not been directly observed in Metamonada. However, the study confirms the conservation of key meiotic proteins in the group with the bonus finding that
438:
are even further reduced. These genomes lack the DNA replication proteins of the origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6, some components of the GINS complex and some subunits of polymerases delta and epsilon, as well as most structural kinetochore subunits, a microtubule plus-end tracking complex and
386:
also has no mitochondria, which is typical of metamonads. Instead, it has hydrogenosomes, likely derived from anaerobic mitochondria. It also contains a single Golgi dictyosome, located anteriorly, dorsally, and to the left of the flagellar apparatus. The endoplasmic reticulum in this genus is mainly
456:
species have homologs from the tmcB family and sperm-specific channel subunits, the latter only reported previously only in
Opisthokonta and three other protists. The presence of such proteins means that further investigations are required to understand if sex occurs, and if these proteins actually
377:
has a longitudinal depression that spans almost the entire ventral side of the cell. It often has two unequal flagella inserting to the anterior side of the ventral groove, but may sometimes have three or four flagella. The acronematic posterior flagellum is used in feeding and to attach to
805:
Salas-Leiva, Dayana E.; Tromer, Eelco C.; Curtis, Bruce A.; Jerlström-Hultqvist, Jon; Kolisko, Martin; Yi, Zhenzhen; Salas-Leiva, Joan S.; Gallot-Lavallée, Lucie; Williams S., Williams S.; Kops, Geert J. P. L.; Archibald, John M.; Simpson, Alastair G. B.; Roger, Andrew J. (2021).
299:
and contain a longitudinal groove. However, they did not have any evidence that the non-dividing organisms had more than two flagella. The species also contained a pouch with threads that may be difficult to discern from flagella. Ekebom et al. (1996) then renamed the organism as
447:
reproduces, it is obvious that they do replicate their DNA and researchers have proposed a hypothesis on how replication starts. This hypothesis uses elements of processes observed in other species but takes into account the specific protein complements found in
744:"The excavate protozoan phyla Metamonada Grasse emend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia, Carpediemonas, Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea, Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa"
216:
can be found in anaerobic intertidal sediment, where it feeds on bacteria. A feature of this species is the presence of a feeding groove, a characteristic of the excavates. Like most other metamonads,
598:
Yubuki, Naoji; Simpson, Alastair G.B.; Leander, Brian S. (2013). "Comprehensive
Ultrastructure of Kipferlia bialata Provides Evidence for Character Evolution within the Fornicata (Excavata)".
410:-like organisms (CLOs) have allowed for the better understanding of the evolution of anaerobic excavates by studying their cytoskeletal traits and modified mitochondria. An example of a
228:
that are used to produce ATP. This organism has two flagella: a posterior one used for feeding on the substrate, and an anterior one that moves in a slower sweeping motion.
4086:
3991:
3909:
3827:
560:
Simpson, Alastair G.B.; Patterson, David J. (1999). "The ultrastructure of
Carpediemonas membranifera (Eukaryota) with reference to the "excavate hypothesis"".
387:
found near the periphery of the cell. Around the cytoplasm, food vacuoles containing bacterial contents can be found. Also, three centrioles are present in
791:
4073:
3978:
3896:
3814:
685:
Hamann, Emmo; Tegetmeyer, Halina E; Riedel, Dietmar; Littmann, Sten; Ahmerkamp, Soeren; Chen, Jianwei; Hach, Philipp F; Strous, Marc (2017-02-17).
430:
has revealed extensive loss of the DNA replication and segregation protein complements within
Metamonada and has highlighted that the genomes of
306:
when it was found from substrate samples in the Great
Barrier Reef and classified it as a metamonad. Additionally, a metabolic relationship of
881:
2171:
516:
Ekebom, J.; Patterson, D.J.; Vørs, N. (1996). "Heterotrophic
Flagellates from Coral Reef Sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia)".
478:
J. Ekebom; D. J. Patterson; N. Vørs (1996). "Heterotrophic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great
Barrier Reef, Australia)".
382:
contains a single ovate nucleus, located anteriorly in the cell. The nucleolus can also be found subcentrally within the nucleus.
4168:
4099:
4017:
2204:
915:
2199:
910:
2283:
2273:
2256:
994:
984:
967:
480:
36:
337:
641:
443:
is the first known eukaryote to possess such drastically altered DNA replication and segregation machineries. Since
302:
418:. According to recent research this organism is able to replicate without some key proteins for replicating DNA.
402:
is classified as an excavate because it has the characteristic feeding groove of the group. Within the excavates,
4201:
808:"Genomic analysis finds no evidence of canonical eukaryotic DNA processing complexes in a free-living protist"
240:
is a member of the metamonads, it is unusual in the sense that it is free-living and has three basal bodies.
2288:
999:
874:
357:
3767:
3681:
2164:
316:
3874:
3671:
328:
for incompletely digested organic material and the oxidation of various biomolecules. On the other hand,
3728:
3718:
3615:
2874:
2566:
2556:
2251:
962:
115:
99:
83:
3956:
3723:
3693:
3417:
3375:
3189:
3162:
2470:
3620:
3412:
3194:
3078:
2859:
2823:
2650:
2561:
4173:
4146:
4104:
4064:
4022:
3698:
3630:
3625:
3317:
2992:
2982:
2941:
2936:
2804:
2799:
2770:
2070:
819:
427:
3713:
3661:
3648:
3610:
3605:
3529:
3407:
3402:
3322:
3013:
2972:
2075:
324:
was found to release biomolecules that have been predigested. Prokaryotic communities would rely on
4196:
3656:
3563:
3119:
2869:
2849:
2828:
2775:
2502:
2358:
1777:
1561:
333:
281:
was first discovered by Larsen and
Patterson (1990) who identified it as a previously unidentified
3473:
3397:
2967:
2962:
2854:
2710:
2608:
2603:
1933:
270:, meaning "to seize the day", in honour of the wife of one of the authors, who had recently died.
3805:
3534:
3524:
3093:
2640:
2363:
2268:
2246:
2234:
2209:
1787:
979:
957:
945:
920:
867:
352:
209:
31:
3558:
3541:
3519:
3088:
3199:
2628:
4155:
4004:
3965:
3883:
3832:
2655:
2278:
2241:
2229:
2219:
2157:
2121:
2047:
2028:
1738:
1321:
989:
952:
940:
930:
845:
773:
765:
724:
706:
623:
615:
577:
533:
4160:
4009:
3914:
2645:
3996:
3546:
3491:
2898:
2410:
2193:
2093:
2039:
1793:
1239:
904:
835:
827:
755:
714:
698:
607:
569:
525:
489:
4091:
3703:
3553:
3483:
3277:
2893:
2402:
1966:
1141:
373:
as organisms with a size of approximately 5 μm long (with a range of 4–7.5 μm).
687:"Syntrophic linkage between predatory Carpediemonas and specific prokaryotic populations"
823:
3688:
3599:
3309:
3264:
3141:
3129:
3098:
2618:
2598:
2523:
2224:
2062:
2052:
2016:
1991:
1680:
1471:
1372:
1294:
1103:
935:
840:
807:
719:
686:
292:
665:
573:
529:
493:
4190:
3364:
3255:
3172:
2787:
2727:
2578:
2551:
2433:
2098:
1897:
1889:
1719:
1640:
1580:
1491:
1465:
1194:
225:
221:
3568:
3355:
3068:
2765:
2722:
2717:
2368:
2343:
2131:
1958:
1938:
1878:
1782:
1755:
1702:
1660:
1627:
1402:
1180:
1119:
414:-like organism that was used to study the evolutionary history within excavates is
355:
intertidal sediments, where it feeds on bacteria. It can be found co-existing with
283:
149:
4131:
4049:
3941:
3888:
3859:
3790:
611:
236:-like organisms are used in researching the evolution within excavates. Although
4140:
4058:
3970:
3950:
3868:
3799:
3584:
3451:
3246:
3184:
3063:
2760:
2743:
2699:
2690:
2348:
2022:
1948:
1800:
1764:
1744:
1692:
1666:
1556:
1504:
1477:
1459:
1432:
1199:
1068:
1057:
831:
3514:
3179:
2752:
2680:
2635:
2444:
2103:
1927:
1918:
1903:
1771:
1708:
1567:
1528:
1523:
1409:
1326:
1221:
1133:
311:
266:
197:
769:
710:
619:
581:
537:
3461:
3438:
3385:
3345:
3152:
3039:
3032:
2918:
2886:
2591:
2353:
2002:
1943:
1651:
1616:
1574:
1551:
1533:
1420:
1356:
1231:
1108:
1051:
1038:
890:
296:
68:
58:
48:
859:
849:
777:
728:
702:
627:
760:
743:
4125:
4043:
3935:
3853:
3784:
3392:
3272:
3232:
2881:
2586:
2393:
2335:
2263:
2180:
2009:
1971:
1872:
1849:
1396:
1391:
1383:
1313:
1188:
1063:
1046:
1024:
974:
205:
201:
4078:
3983:
3901:
3819:
2326:
2305:
2125:
1860:
1697:
1543:
1450:
1439:
1303:
1209:
1165:
1073:
792:"Microbe somehow survives without key proteins for replicating its DNA"
167:
1515:
1245:
1147:
1089:
3761:
2085:
1725:
264:, indicating a unicellular organism. The organism was named after
208:
eukaryote that was first discovered in substrate samples from the
748:
International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
1342:
3765:
2153:
863:
457:
participate during sex and what their role could be. In short,
161:(Larsen & Patterson 1990) Ekebom, Patterson & Vørs 1996
2149:
4115:
4033:
3925:
3843:
3774:
3641:
3592:
3583:
3507:
3482:
3460:
3436:
3363:
3354:
3343:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3263:
3254:
3245:
3230:
3140:
3109:
3056:
3049:
3024:
3003:
2952:
2926:
2917:
2839:
2813:
2786:
2751:
2742:
2698:
2689:
2678:
2577:
2541:
2534:
2513:
2492:
2485:
2460:
2453:
2442:
2431:
2401:
2392:
2385:
2334:
2325:
2318:
2303:
2084:
2061:
2038:
1988:
1957:
1917:
1888:
1859:
1847:
1754:
1718:
1679:
1650:
1626:
1613:
1542:
1514:
1490:
1449:
1419:
1382:
1369:
1339:
1312:
1292:
1230:
1208:
1162:
1132:
1117:
1086:
1037:
1022:
406:is assigned to the fornicates. In the fornicates,
291:. Larsen and Patterson treated this organism as a
422:DNA replication, chromosome segregation, and sex
2165:
875:
232:is assigned to the fornicates, where similar
8:
3762:
3589:
3466:
3444:
3433:
3360:
3351:
3305:
3298:
3260:
3251:
3242:
3238:
3053:
2923:
2792:
2748:
2695:
2686:
2538:
2489:
2457:
2450:
2439:
2398:
2389:
2331:
2322:
2315:
2311:
2172:
2158:
2150:
2035:
1865:
1856:
1844:
1751:
1715:
1685:
1632:
1623:
1610:
1496:
1425:
1379:
1366:
1349:
1336:
1309:
1289:
1285:
1214:
1172:
1129:
1125:
1096:
1034:
1030:
1019:
1015:
882:
868:
860:
295:, because it would occasionally have four
20:
839:
759:
718:
252:originates from three Latin roots, with
224:to produce energy. Instead, it contains
470:
2140:denotes groups with over 1,000 species
461:are intriguing microbial eukaryotes.
260:meaning "the day", and the suffix of
7:
593:
591:
555:
553:
551:
549:
547:
511:
509:
507:
505:
503:
332:relies on the prokaryotic organism,
666:"Taxonomy – It Came from the Pond"
143:Ekebom, Patterson & Vørs, 1996
14:
742:Cavalier-Smith, T. (2003-11-01).
361:in these anaerobic environments.
204:. This organism is a unicellular
562:European Journal of Protistology
35:
369:Ekebom et al. (1996) describes
1619:
1615:
1375:
1371:
1:
574:10.1016/s0932-4739(99)80044-3
530:10.1016/s0003-9365(96)80013-3
494:10.1016/S0003-9365(96)80013-3
612:10.1016/j.protis.2013.02.002
220:does not rely on an aerobic
200:, and belongs to the group
4218:
832:10.1038/s41467-021-26077-2
303:Carpediemonas membranifera
157:Carpediemonas membranifera
3469:
3447:
3432:
3241:
2795:
2314:
2187:
2116:
1868:
1843:
1688:
1635:
1609:
1499:
1428:
1365:
1352:
1335:
1288:
1284:
1217:
1175:
1128:
1099:
1033:
1018:
1014:
898:
518:Archiv für Protistenkunde
481:Archiv für Protistenkunde
314:communities was found in
289:Percolomonas membranifera
173:
166:
155:
148:
32:Scientific classification
30:
23:
1345:
1341:
703:10.1038/ismej.2016.197
287:and provided the name
812:Nature Communications
761:10.1099/ijs.0.02548-0
426:A recent study using
358:Cafeteria marsupialis
3682:Spirotrichonymphidae
3678:Spirotrichonymphida
428:comparative genomics
317:Carpediemonas frisia
3672:Hypotrichomonadidae
3668:Hypotrichomonadida
2017:Gunflint microbiota
1778:Klebsormidiophyceae
1562:Hyphochytriomycetes
824:2021NatCo..12.6003S
344:Habitat and ecology
334:Deltaproteobacteria
3729:Tritrichomonadidae
3719:Monocercomonadidae
3710:Tritrichomonadida
3616:Spirotrichosomidae
2875:Trypanoplasmatidae
2840:Metakinetoplastina
2820:Prokinetoplastida
2567:Psalteriomonadidae
2557:Paravahlkampfiidae
1788:Coleochaetophyceae
1168:
1164:
1092:
1088:
646:comenius.susqu.edu
338:hydrogen oxidizing
210:Great Barrier Reef
4184:
4183:
4156:Open Tree of Life
4005:Open Tree of Life
3875:Carpediemonadidae
3845:Carpediemonadidae
3768:Taxon identifiers
3759:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3724:Simplicimonadidae
3694:Honigbergiellidae
3579:
3578:
3497:Carpediemonadidae
3428:
3427:
3418:Streblomastigidae
3376:Paratrimastigidae
3372:Paratrimastigida
3339:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3190:Euglenamorphaceae
3163:Euglenomonadaceae
3159:Euglenomonadales
2913:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2814:Prokinetoplastina
2738:
2737:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2656:Stephanopogonidae
2524:Neovahlkampfiidae
2520:Neovahlkampfiida
2481:
2480:
2471:Pharyngomonadidae
2467:Pharyngomonadida
2461:Pharyngomonadidea
2427:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2147:
2146:
2112:
2111:
2048:Spironematellidae
2029:Meteora sporadica
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1913:
1912:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1739:Prasinodermophyta
1675:
1674:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1486:
1485:
1322:Centroplasthelida
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1158:
1157:
1082:
1081:
416:Kipferlia bialata
256:meaning "seize",
189:
188:
144:
127:Carpediemonadidae
118:
102:
86:
16:Genus of protists
4209:
4202:Metamonad genera
4177:
4176:
4164:
4163:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4108:
4107:
4095:
4094:
4082:
4081:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4026:
4025:
4013:
4012:
4000:
3999:
3987:
3986:
3974:
3973:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3957:Carpediemonadida
3946:
3945:
3944:
3927:Carpediemonadida
3918:
3917:
3905:
3904:
3892:
3891:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3836:
3835:
3823:
3822:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3763:
3621:Staurojoeninidae
3590:
3569:Retortamonadidae
3492:Carpediemonadida
3467:
3445:
3434:
3413:Saccinobaculidae
3361:
3352:
3306:
3299:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3239:
3195:Euglenocapsaceae
3079:Heteronemataceae
3075:Heteronematales
3054:
2924:
2899:Trypanosomatidae
2860:Rhynchomonadidae
2824:Ichthyobodonidae
2793:
2749:
2696:
2687:
2651:Percolomonadidae
2562:Plaesiobystridae
2539:
2490:
2458:
2451:
2440:
2411:Tsukubamonadidae
2399:
2390:
2332:
2323:
2316:
2312:
2216:
2196:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2151:
2094:Collodictyonidae
2040:Hemimastigophora
2036:
1995:
1866:
1857:
1853:
1845:
1794:Zygnematophyceae
1752:
1732:
1716:
1686:
1633:
1624:
1620:
1611:
1497:
1426:
1380:
1376:
1367:
1350:
1346:
1337:
1310:
1297:
1290:
1286:
1240:Choanoflagellata
1215:
1173:
1169:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1097:
1093:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1016:
927:
907:
884:
877:
870:
861:
854:
853:
843:
802:
796:
795:
788:
782:
781:
763:
754:(6): 1741–1758.
739:
733:
732:
722:
697:(5): 1205–1217.
691:The ISME Journal
682:
676:
675:
673:
672:
662:
656:
655:
653:
652:
642:"CARPEDIEMONADA"
638:
632:
631:
595:
586:
585:
557:
542:
541:
524:(3–4): 251–272.
513:
498:
497:
488:(3–4): 251–272.
475:
351:can be found in
274:History of study
142:
114:
111:Carpediemonadida
98:
82:
40:
39:
21:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4172:
4167:
4159:
4154:
4147:Carpediemonadia
4145:
4144:
4139:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4117:Carpediemonadia
4111:
4103:
4098:
4090:
4085:
4077:
4072:
4065:Carpediemonadea
4063:
4062:
4057:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4035:Carpediemonadea
4029:
4021:
4016:
4008:
4003:
3995:
3990:
3982:
3977:
3969:
3964:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3921:
3913:
3908:
3900:
3895:
3887:
3882:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3839:
3831:
3826:
3818:
3813:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3770:
3760:
3735:
3704:Trichomonadidae
3699:Tricercomitidae
3653:Cristamonadida
3637:
3631:Trichonymphidae
3626:Teratonymphidae
3575:
3564:Chilomastigidae
3554:Retortamonadida
3503:
3484:Carpediemonadea
3478:
3456:
3441:
3424:
3348:
3327:
3318:Ancyromonadidae
3282:
3278:Malawimonadidae
3235:
3206:
3136:
3105:
3045:
3020:
2999:
2993:Sphenomonadidae
2983:Sphenomonadidae
2948:
2942:Sphenomonadidae
2937:Petalomonadidae
2933:Petalomonadida
2905:
2894:Trypanosomatida
2835:
2809:
2805:Trypanophididae
2800:Bordnamonadidae
2782:
2771:Eupelagonemidae
2734:
2683:
2662:
2636:Percolomonadida
2573:
2530:
2514:Neovahlkampfiea
2509:
2477:
2447:
2436:
2415:
2403:Tsukubamonadida
2373:
2308:
2299:
2298:
2214:
2192:
2183:
2178:
2148:
2143:
2108:
2080:
2071:Ancyromonadidae
2057:
2034:
1989:
1976:
1967:Malawimonadidae
1953:
1909:
1884:
1848:
1807:
1750:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1671:
1646:
1614:
1585:
1538:
1510:
1482:
1445:
1415:
1370:
1361:
1340:
1331:
1308:
1293:
1252:
1226:
1204:
1163:
1154:
1118:
1113:
1087:
1078:
1023:
1010:
1009:
925:
903:
894:
888:
858:
857:
804:
803:
799:
790:
789:
785:
741:
740:
736:
684:
683:
679:
670:
668:
664:
663:
659:
650:
648:
640:
639:
635:
597:
596:
589:
559:
558:
545:
515:
514:
501:
477:
476:
472:
467:
432:C. membranifera
424:
397:
367:
346:
276:
246:
182:C. membranifera
162:
159:
141:
113:
97:
95:Carpediemonadea
81:
79:Carpediemonadia
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4215:
4213:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4189:
4188:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4165:
4152:
4137:
4121:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4096:
4083:
4070:
4055:
4039:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4014:
4001:
3988:
3975:
3962:
3947:
3931:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3906:
3893:
3880:
3865:
3849:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3824:
3811:
3796:
3780:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3714:Dientamoebidae
3708:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3689:Trichomonadida
3686:
3685:
3684:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3662:Devescovinidae
3659:
3651:
3649:Hexamastigidae
3645:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3611:Hoplonymphidae
3608:
3606:Burmanymphidae
3600:Trichonymphida
3596:
3594:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:Caviomonadidae
3551:
3550:
3549:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3530:Spironucleidae
3527:
3522:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3488:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3452:Anaeramoebidae
3448:
3442:
3437:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3408:Pyrsonymphidae
3405:
3403:Polymastigidae
3400:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3369:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3323:Planomonadidae
3320:
3314:
3312:
3310:Ancyromonadida
3303:
3296:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3269:
3267:
3265:Malawimonadida
3258:
3249:
3236:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3146:
3144:
3142:Euglenophyceae
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3130:Peranemataceae
3124:
3123:
3122:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3099:Neometanemidae
3096:
3091:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3060:
3058:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3036:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3014:Entosiphonidae
3010:Entosiphonida
3007:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2979:Heterostavida
2977:
2976:
2975:
2973:Lentomonadidae
2970:
2965:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2930:
2928:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2757:
2755:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2704:
2702:
2693:
2684:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2619:Vahlkampfiidae
2613:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2545:
2543:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2496:
2494:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2464:
2462:
2455:
2454:Pharyngomonada
2448:
2443:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2289:Mesomycetozoea
2286:
2281:
2271:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2225:Diaphoretickes
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2154:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2135:
2128:
2124:excluded from
2117:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2076:Planomonadidae
2073:
2067:
2065:
2063:Ancyromonadida
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2053:Paramastigidae
2050:
2044:
2042:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2005:
1998:
1996:
1992:Incertae sedis
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1923:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1854:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1797:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1768:
1760:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1713:
1712:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1681:Archaeplastida
1677:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1636:
1630:
1621:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1472:Dinoflagellata
1468:
1466:Chrompodellida
1463:
1455:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1377:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1298:
1295:Diaphoretickes
1282:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1170:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1054:
1049:
1043:
1041:
1028:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
1000:Mesomycetozoea
997:
992:
982:
972:
971:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
949:
948:
936:Diaphoretickes
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
900:
899:
896:
895:
893:classification
889:
887:
886:
879:
872:
864:
856:
855:
797:
783:
734:
677:
657:
633:
606:(3): 423–439.
587:
568:(4): 353–370.
543:
499:
469:
468:
466:
463:
423:
420:
396:
393:
366:
363:
345:
342:
293:heterolobosean
275:
272:
245:
242:
226:hydrogenosomes
187:
186:
185:
184:
179:
171:
170:
164:
163:
160:
153:
152:
146:
145:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
116:Cavalier-Smith
108:
104:
103:
100:Cavalier-Smith
92:
88:
87:
84:Cavalier-Smith
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
41:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4214:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4175:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4157:
4153:
4148:
4142:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4075:
4071:
4066:
4060:
4056:
4051:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4024:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3916:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3885:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3866:
3861:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3834:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3812:
3807:
3806:Carpediemonas
3801:
3797:
3792:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3776:Carpediemonas
3773:
3769:
3764:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:Calonymphidae
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:Trichomonadea
3640:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:Trichonymphea
3591:
3588:
3586:
3582:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3515:Diplomonadida
3513:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3435:
3431:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3386:Trimastigidae
3384:
3383:
3382:Trimastigida
3381:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3365:Anaeromonadea
3362:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3342:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3256:Malawimonadea
3253:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3229:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3173:Eutreptiaceae
3171:
3170:
3169:Eutreptiales
3168:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:Peranematida
3125:
3121:
3120:Teloproctidae
3118:
3117:
3116:Acroglissida
3115:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3085:Natomonadida
3084:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:Petalomonadea
2925:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:Parabodonidae
2868:
2867:
2866:Parabodonida
2865:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2850:Allobodonidae
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2830:
2829:Perkinselidae
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:Kinetoplastea
2785:
2777:
2776:Hemistasiidae
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2729:
2728:Postgaardidae
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2677:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2579:Heterolobosea
2576:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Gruberellidae
2550:
2549:
2548:Lyromonadida
2547:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2504:
2503:Selenaionidae
2501:
2500:
2499:Selenaionida
2498:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2434:Discicristata
2430:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2386:Tsukubamonada
2384:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2359:Moramonadidae
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2252:Stramenopiles
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2215:(major groups
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2120:¹traditional
2119:
2118:
2115:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2099:Mantamonadida
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1898:Heterolobosea
1896:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1890:Discicristata
1887:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1721:
1720:Viridiplantae
1717:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1641:Microheliella
1638:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1608:
1582:
1581:Actinophryida
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1492:Stramenopiles
1489:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1195:Ichthyosporea
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1142:Rotosphaerida
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1104:Apusomonadida
1102:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
976:
973:
969:
966:
964:
963:Stramenopiles
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
947:
944:
943:
942:
939:
938:
937:
934:
932:
929:
926:(major groups
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
906:
902:
901:
897:
892:
885:
880:
878:
873:
871:
866:
865:
862:
851:
847:
842:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
801:
798:
793:
787:
784:
779:
775:
771:
767:
762:
757:
753:
749:
745:
738:
735:
730:
726:
721:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
681:
678:
667:
661:
658:
647:
643:
637:
634:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
594:
592:
588:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
556:
554:
552:
550:
548:
544:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
512:
510:
508:
506:
504:
500:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:
474:
471:
464:
462:
460:
459:Carpediemonas
455:
454:Carpediemonas
451:
450:Carpediemonas
446:
445:Carpediemonas
442:
441:Carpediemonas
437:
433:
429:
421:
419:
417:
413:
412:Carpediemonas
409:
408:Carpediemonas
405:
404:Carpediemonas
401:
400:Carpediemonas
394:
392:
390:
389:Carpediemonas
385:
384:Carpediemonas
381:
380:Carpediemonas
376:
375:Carpediemonas
372:
371:Carpediemonas
364:
362:
360:
359:
354:
350:
349:Carpediemonas
343:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
318:
313:
309:
308:Carpediemonas
305:
304:
298:
294:
290:
286:
285:
280:
279:Carpediemonas
273:
271:
269:
268:
263:
259:
255:
251:
250:Carpediemonas
243:
241:
239:
238:Carpediemonas
235:
234:Carpediemonas
231:
230:Carpediemonas
227:
223:
222:mitochondrion
219:
218:Carpediemonas
215:
214:Carpediemonas
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
194:
193:Carpediemonas
183:
180:
178:
175:
174:
172:
169:
165:
158:
154:
151:
147:
140:
139:
138:Carpediemonas
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
117:
112:
109:
106:
105:
101:
96:
93:
90:
89:
85:
80:
77:
74:
73:
70:
67:
64:
63:
60:
57:
54:
53:
50:
47:
44:
43:
38:
33:
29:
26:
25:Carpediemonas
22:
19:
4116:
4034:
3926:
3844:
3775:
3496:
3474:Kipferliidae
3398:Oxymonadidae
3356:Anaeromonada
3302:Planomonadea
3069:Anisonemidae
3038:
3031:
3004:Entosiphonea
2968:Keelungiidae
2963:Decastavidae
2959:Decastavida
2855:Neobodonidae
2846:Neobodonida
2766:Diplonemidae
2723:Calkinsiidae
2718:Postgaardida
2711:Bihospitidae
2707:Bihospitida
2615:Tetramitida
2609:Naegleriidae
2604:Tulamoebidae
2535:Eutetramitia
2369:Stygiellidae
2344:Andaluciidae
2274:Opisthokonta
2137:
2132:paraphyletic
2027:
2008:
1990:
1959:Malawimonada
1939:Anaeromonada
1934:Anaeramoebae
1926:
1902:
1879:Tsukubamonas
1877:
1799:
1792:
1783:Charophyceae
1770:
1763:
1756:Streptophyta
1743:
1727:
1707:
1703:Rhodelphidia
1661:Palpitomonas
1659:
1639:
1628:Pancryptista
1573:
1566:
1503:
1470:
1458:
1438:
1408:
1403:Foraminifera
1401:
1244:
1187:
1181:Tunicaraptor
1179:
1146:
1120:Opisthokonta
1056:
985:Opisthokonta
815:
811:
800:
786:
751:
747:
737:
694:
690:
680:
669:. Retrieved
660:
649:. Retrieved
645:
636:
603:
599:
565:
561:
521:
517:
485:
479:
473:
458:
453:
449:
444:
440:
435:
431:
425:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
398:
388:
383:
379:
374:
370:
368:
356:
348:
347:
329:
325:
321:
315:
307:
301:
288:
284:Percolomonas
282:
278:
277:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
247:
237:
233:
229:
217:
213:
196:is genus of
192:
191:
190:
181:
176:
156:
150:Type species
137:
136:
126:
110:
94:
78:
75:Superclass:
24:
18:
4141:Wikispecies
4059:Wikispecies
3951:Wikispecies
3869:Wikispecies
3800:Wikispecies
3585:Parabasalia
3547:Dysnectidae
3535:Hexamitidae
3525:Octomitidae
3508:Eopharyngia
3393:Oxymonadida
3295:Planomonada
3185:Euglenaceae
3094:Distigmidae
3064:Anisonemida
2989:Ploeotiida
2761:Diplonemida
2744:Glycomonada
2700:Postgaardea
2691:Postgaardia
2641:Barbeliidae
2599:Naegleriida
2542:Lyromonadea
2364:Ophirinidae
2349:Histionidae
2023:Chitinozoan
1949:Parabasalia
1801:Embryophyta
1765:Chlorokybus
1745:Chlorophyta
1693:Glaucophyta
1667:Cryptophyta
1557:Pirsoniales
1524:Bicosoecida
1505:Platysulcus
1478:Perkinsozoa
1460:Apicomplexa
1433:Colponemida
1200:Pluriformea
1069:Archamoebea
1058:Eumycetozoa
818:(1): 6003.
365:Description
312:prokaryotic
206:flagellated
65:Subphylum:
4197:Metamonads
4191:Categories
3542:Dysnectida
3520:Giardiidae
3346:Metamonada
3180:Euglenales
3089:Astasiidae
3057:Anisonemea
2753:Diplonemea
2681:Euglenozoa
2486:Tetramitia
2445:Percolozoa
2104:Rigifilida
2003:Acritarchs
1928:Barthelona
1919:Metamonada
1904:Euglenozoa
1772:Mesostigma
1728:sensu lato
1709:Rhodophyta
1568:Ochrophyta
1529:Placidozoa
1440:Ciliophora
1410:Radiolaria
1327:Haptophyta
1222:Filasterea
1134:Holomycota
671:2019-04-22
651:2019-04-22
465:References
340:activity.
336:, for its
267:carpe diem
198:Metamonada
59:Metamonada
4132:Q21229672
4050:Q21229664
3942:Q21229678
3860:Q21229683
3791:Q18643354
3462:Fornicata
3439:Trichozoa
3200:Phacaceae
3153:Rapazidae
3149:Rapazida
3110:Peranemea
3050:Spirocuta
2919:Euglenida
2887:Bodonidae
2629:Creneidae
2625:Creneida
2592:Acrasidae
2354:Jakobidae
2269:Amoebozoa
2247:Alveolata
2235:Cryptista
2210:Eukaryota
1944:Fornicata
1850:Excavates
1652:Cryptista
1575:Oomycetes
1552:Developea
1534:Sagenista
1421:Alveolata
1357:Telonemia
1232:Choanozoa
1109:Breviatea
1052:Tubulinea
1039:Amoebozoa
980:Amoebozoa
958:Alveolata
946:Cryptista
921:Eukaryota
891:Eukaryote
770:1466-5026
711:1751-7362
620:1434-4610
582:0932-4739
538:0003-9365
436:C. frisia
353:anaerobic
330:C. frisia
326:C. frisia
322:C. frisia
248:The name
244:Etymology
177:C. frisia
69:Fornicata
49:Eukaryota
4126:Wikidata
4044:Wikidata
3936:Wikidata
3854:Wikidata
3785:Wikidata
3273:Imasidae
3247:Neolouka
3233:Loukozoa
3033:Hemiolia
2953:Alistosa
2882:Bodonida
2587:Acrasida
2394:Tsukubea
2336:Jakobida
2319:Jakobida
2264:Amorphea
2242:Rhizaria
2230:Hacrobia
2220:Excavata
2205:Bacteria
2181:Excavata
2126:protists
2122:kingdoms
2010:Grypania
1972:Imasidae
1873:Jakobida
1397:Endomyxa
1392:Cercozoa
1384:Rhizaria
1314:Haptista
1246:Animalia
1189:Bicellum
1064:Variosea
1047:Discosea
1025:Amorphea
975:Amorphea
953:Rhizaria
941:Hacrobia
931:Excavata
916:Bacteria
850:34650064
778:14657102
729:28211847
628:23517666
395:Taxonomy
297:flagella
202:Excavata
123:Family:
55:Phylum:
45:Domain:
4161:5574912
4079:7563721
4010:5585649
3984:8397173
3902:4907388
3833:1001249
3820:4885101
3040:Liburna
3025:Karavia
2646:Lulidae
2493:Lunosea
2327:Jakobea
2306:Discoba
2279:Animals
2200:Archaea
1861:Discoba
1726:Plants
1698:Picozoa
1544:Gyrista
1451:Myzozoa
1304:Provora
1210:Filozoa
1166:Holozoa
1074:Cutosea
990:Animals
911:Archaea
841:8516963
820:Bibcode
720:5437931
600:Protist
168:Species
133:Genus:
107:Order:
91:Class:
4174:582173
4105:582182
4023:582223
3915:114192
2257:Plants
2194:Domain
2134:groups
1516:Bigyra
1090:Obazoa
968:Plants
905:Domain
848:
838:
776:
768:
727:
717:
709:
626:
618:
580:
536:
4169:WoRMS
4100:WoRMS
4087:IRMNG
4018:WoRMS
3997:11210
3992:IRMNG
3910:IRMNG
3828:IRMNG
2284:Fungi
2086:CRuMs
1148:Fungi
995:Fungi
310:with
262:monas
254:carpe
4092:1475
4074:GBIF
3979:GBIF
3897:GBIF
3815:GBIF
2138:bold
1343:TSAR
846:PMID
774:PMID
766:ISSN
725:PMID
707:ISSN
624:PMID
616:ISSN
578:ISSN
534:ISSN
434:and
3966:CoL
3889:7RG
3884:CoL
1617:CAM
1373:SAR
836:PMC
828:doi
756:doi
715:PMC
699:doi
608:doi
604:164
570:doi
526:doi
522:146
490:doi
486:146
258:die
4193::
4171::
4158::
4143::
4128::
4102::
4089::
4076::
4061::
4046::
4020::
4007::
3994::
3981::
3971:VT
3968::
3953::
3938::
3912::
3899::
3886::
3871::
3856::
3830::
3817::
3802::
3787::
844:.
834:.
826:.
816:12
814:.
810:.
772:.
764:.
752:53
750:.
746:.
723:.
713:.
705:.
695:11
693:.
689:.
644:.
622:.
614:.
602:.
590:^
576:.
566:35
564:.
546:^
532:.
520:.
502:^
484:.
391:.
320:.
212:.
3604:†
2291:)
2173:e
2166:t
2159:v
2130:*
2021:†
2015:†
2007:†
2001:†
1852:*
1804:¹
1731:)
1724:(
1435:*
1249:¹
1186:†
1151:¹
1002:)
883:e
876:t
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