469:
234:
130:
303:
20:
28:
925:, being neighbours of the Cynesii, who are the westernmost of all nations inhabiting Europe" (Herodotus, II, 33). In another reference noting the Celts again in the extreme west, he refers to their neighbors the Cynetes: "...the Celts, who, save only the Cynetes, are the most westerly dwellers in Europe." (IV, 49).
258:
of North-western Italy/South-eastern France) and believe that the «Ligurians are the original people of the
Iberian Peninsula». The Conii would have left their mark not only in Portugal but also in Spain and European regions where the Ligurians established themselves. They appear to be related to the
1264:
Palacios, Fernando Fernández. "CELTIC ‘DOGS’ IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA." In Celtic from the West 3: Atlantic Europe in the Metal Ages — Questions of Shared
Language, edited by Koch John T. and Cunliffe Barry, by Cleary Kerri and Gibson Catriona D., 477-88. OXFORD: Oxbow Books, 2016. Accessed June 29,
137:
They are often mentioned in the ancient sources under various designations, mostly Greek or Latin derivatives of their two tribal names: ‘Cynetas’/’Cynetum’; ‘Kunetes’, ‘Kunetas’, and ‘Kunesioi' or ‘Cuneus’, followed by ‘Konioi’, ‘Kouneon’ and ‘Kouneous’/‘Kouneoi’. The Conii occupied since the late
484:
and subsequent conflicts, even though they were constantly under the pressure from the northernly Celtic tribes throughout the 3rd to 2nd centuries BC, which may explain their willingness to place themselves under the protection of foreign powers such as
811:
Arnaiz-Villena A, Martínez-Laso J, Gómez-Casado E, Díaz-Campos N, Santos P, Martinho A, Breda-Coimbra H (14 May 2014). "Relatedness among
Basques, Portuguese, Spaniards, and Algerians studied by HLA allelic frequencies and haplotypes".
241:
Their presence in these regions is attested archeologically by the elaborated cremation burial-mounds of their ruling elite, whose rich grave-goods and the inscribed slabs in ‘Tartessian alphabet’ – also referred to as
1312:
1051:
1303:
468:
2047:
529:
617:
44:
1296:
1106:
902:
892:
875:
2037:
1289:
849:
472:
Votive offering made of copper alloy representing a bull (5th or 4th centuries BC), believed to be of Conii origin. It was discovered in
1245:
1259:
1231:
1217:
1095:
171:
444:
colonists dominated all the trade, fishing, and shipbuilding in these same coastal settlements since the 4th century BC, until the
246:’ – that mark the graves, evidence contact with North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean since the 9th century BC. Scholars like
170:
migrations of the 5th to 4th centuries BC, the original Conii territories also included upper
Alentejo and the Portuguese coastal
1276:
637:
2032:
548:
607:
592:
275:
155:
64:
2042:
2027:
894:
Tartessian 2: The
Inscription of Mesas do Castelinho ro and the Verbal Complex. Preliminaries to Historical Phonology
233:
129:
1190:
732:
344:
probably means "City of the Conii". Its precise location has not been determined. Some authors suggest that
194:
159:
68:
370:
1560:
1555:
1328:
1118:
108:
1186:
943:
Ensaio Monográfico de Beja, 1973, Manuel
Joaquim Delgado e Beja XX Séculos de História de Uma Cidade,
1052:"O 1° milénio a.n.e. no Centro e no Sul de Portugal: leituras possíveis no início de um novo século"
846:
Dr. Manuel Maria da
Fonseca Andrade Maia (Dissertação de Doutoramento em Pré-História e Arqueologia
1968:
1497:
1140:
922:
612:
572:
362:
271:
151:
71:
provinces in Spain before the 6th century BC (in what part of this become the southern part of the
60:
908:
302:
1914:
1068:
577:
80:
847:
587:
163:
2003:
1794:
1375:
1316:
1255:
1241:
1227:
1213:
1091:
898:
871:
829:
795:
544:
536:
19:
1281:
1151:
1932:
1799:
1585:
1163:
821:
481:
374:
243:
1210:
Historia de España 2 - colonizaciones y formación de los pueblos prerromanos (1200-218 a.C)
1087:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
551:
devastated the region in retaliation, being defeated at the battle of
Laccobriga in 78 BC.
1804:
1147:
853:
727:
509:
505:
1995:
1767:
952:
525:
513:
490:
422:
382:
319:
247:
115:
72:
1132:
934:"In the country of the Celti, Conistorgis is the best known city" (Strabo, III, 2, 2).
2021:
602:
540:
445:
307:
179:
1999:
1973:
1449:
402:
1750:
1085:
868:
Celtic from the West
Chapter 9: Paradigm Shift? Interpreting Tartessian as Celtic
641:
1845:
1779:
1492:
1405:
582:
457:
332:
260:
221:, which are unique genetic markers found in Portugal, may be from the Conii (or
797:
Historia
General de España y América. De la Protohistoria a la Conquista Romana
294:
as the westernmost dwellers of Europe and distinguished by him from the Celts.
1867:
1718:
1708:
1698:
1605:
1600:
1502:
1390:
1370:
414:
139:
27:
1963:
1894:
1884:
1874:
1811:
1784:
1740:
1660:
1467:
1415:
1410:
1400:
1385:
1365:
560:
473:
437:
433:
346:
291:
222:
191:
76:
524:' allies. The Conii were thence forced to switch their allegiance from the
1167:
833:
825:
2007:
1937:
1862:
1755:
1735:
1730:
1675:
1645:
1635:
1575:
1525:
1517:
1472:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1380:
1360:
1352:
1342:
1337:
1324:
1028:
745:
698:
521:
517:
486:
218:
206:
143:
84:
56:
52:
1987:
1947:
1942:
1850:
1821:
1816:
1789:
1745:
1725:
1703:
1655:
1640:
1630:
1625:
1580:
1565:
1545:
1535:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1457:
1395:
1012:
497:
441:
264:
255:
251:
214:
210:
202:
198:
167:
147:
48:
1991:
1924:
1889:
1855:
1772:
1713:
1680:
1670:
1665:
1620:
1610:
1595:
1590:
1570:
1550:
1530:
1182:
996:
980:
777:
761:
394:
283:
613:"Tartessian" language (Southwestern or "South-Lusitanian" language)
1836:
1760:
1650:
1615:
1540:
1507:
1462:
1440:
597:
467:
337:
301:
232:
128:
88:
26:
18:
1285:
1277:
Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)
274:
have been found in the area, in a variety often referred to as
2002:. The Madeira and Azores islands were unoccupied until the
480:
The Conii seemed to have played no significant role in the
1252:
Viriathus and the Lusitanian resistance to Rome 155-139 BC
1224:
Los pueblos célticos del soroeste de la Península Ibérica
539:
province, only to become again a battleground during the
528:
to the Lusitani, being subjected in 141-140 BC to Consul
448:
occupied the Cyneticum and founded the Punic colonies of
1137:
História de Portugal. Primeiro Volume: Antes de Portugal
559:
In 27-13 BC the romanized Conii were incorporated into
350:
might have been founded over the ruins of Conistorgis.
500:
reached the western Algarve, establishing a colony at
162:
provinces, giving the Algarve its pre-Roman name, the
1111:
e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies
1073:
e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies
1956:
1923:
1907:
1834:
1689:
1516:
1448:
1439:
1351:
1323:
921:Herodotus writes "now the Celtae dwell beyond the
1069:"The Celts of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula"
532:’ reprisal campaigns in the Iberian southwest.
336:, according to Strabo, who considered the region
535:In 138-137 BC the Cyneticum was aggregated into
800:(2nd ed.). Madrid: Ediciones Rialp, S. A.
2006:in the 15th century; the Canary islands, the
1297:
8:
2010:occupied the territory until the Castilians.
1254:, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley (2013)
1240:, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley (2013)
2048:Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
1445:
1304:
1290:
1282:
1265:2020. www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh1dhg7.19.
618:Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
45:pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
1139:, Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1992. (in
897:. Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK. pp. 4–5.
686:
393:(Quinta da Torre de Aires, Santa Luzia –
16:Pre-Roman people of the Iberian Peninsula
870:. Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK. p. 187.
286:, seems to have been identical with the
1226:, Editorial Complutense, Madrid (1992)
674:
629:
237:Conii area and Paleohispanic neighbours
31:Main language areas in Iberia c. 300 BC
968:
856:, Faculdade de Letras de Lisboa, 1987)
516:against Rome, Conistorgis fell to the
7:
1238:Sertorius and the struggle for Spain
429:did not surpass 6,000 inhabitants.
1212:, Editorial Gredos, Madrid (1989)
530:Quintus Fabius Maximus Servilianus
23:Iberian Peninsula at about 200 BCE
14:
663:Epitome historiarum Trogi Pompeii
154:and the northwestern portions of
63:and the northwestern portions of
432:A powerful urban aristocracy of
314:is imprecisely located north of
549:Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius
496:Around the 3rd century BC, the
190:It has been suggested that the
1152:"Ethnozoonymes indo-européens"
1105:Júdice Gamito, Teresa (2005).
1067:Berrocal-Rangel, Luis (2005).
608:Southwest Paleohispanic script
593:Timeline of Portuguese history
547:seized Conistorgis and Consul
460:) at the late 3rd century BC.
276:Southwest Paleohispanic script
142:most of the present-day Lower
1:
1156:Dialogues d'histoire ancienne
512:) and in 153 BC, during the
174:region stretching up to the
133:Conii script, 8th century BC
2038:Ancient peoples of Portugal
91:were their founding kings.
59:, and the southern part of
2064:
1084:Delamarre, Xavier (2003).
852:February 14, 2006, at the
1998:were not occupied by the
1984:
1117:: 571–605. Archived from
83:'s epitome, the mythical
714:Herodoros of Heracleia,
425:the population of these
340:. In the local language
290:, who were mentioned by
1222:Berrocal-Rangel, Luis,
1107:"The Celts in Portugal"
1050:Arruda, Ana M. (2005).
250:, consider the Conii a
166:. Prior to the Celtic-
150:, the southern part of
114:('dog') connected with
2033:History of the Algarve
1090:(in French). Errance.
1056:O Arqueólogo Português
1017:Excerptae de Historiis
794:Bendala Galán (1991).
477:
323:
254:tribe (related to the
238:
134:
107:) probably stems from
32:
24:
1561:Celtici Supertamarici
1556:Celtici Praestamarici
1168:10.3406/dha.1991.1932
891:Koch, John T (2011).
866:Koch, John T (2010).
826:10.1007/s002510050324
638:"Arkeotavira.com map"
471:
452:(near Portimão?) and
417:; Iberian-type mint:
405:; Iberian-type mint:
385:; Iberian-type mint:
371:Cerro da Rocha Branca
305:
236:
132:
30:
22:
270:Inscriptions in the
125:Origins and location
55:regions of southern
47:, living in today's
2043:History of Alentejo
2028:Tribes of Lusitania
923:pillars of Hercules
573:History of Portugal
353:Other Conii towns (
326:The capital of the
272:Tartessian language
1915:Germani (Oretania)
578:Prehistoric Iberia
478:
324:
239:
135:
33:
25:
2015:
2014:
1908:Germanic peoples?
1830:
1829:
1317:Iberian Peninsula
1313:Pre-Roman peoples
1236:Philip Matyszak,
1204:Ángel Montenegro
1058:(in Portuguese).
904:978-1-907029-07-3
877:978-1-84217-410-4
545:Quintus Sertorius
537:Hispania Ulterior
450:Portus Hannibalis
421:). According to
2055:
1895:Turdetani Proper
1446:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1283:
1171:
1148:Sergent, Bernard
1129:
1127:
1126:
1101:
1080:
1063:
1036:
1026:
1020:
1010:
1004:
994:
988:
978:
972:
966:
960:
950:
944:
941:
935:
932:
926:
919:
913:
912:
907:. Archived from
888:
882:
881:
863:
857:
844:
838:
837:
808:
802:
801:
791:
785:
775:
769:
759:
753:
743:
737:
725:
719:
712:
706:
705:, 200, 205, 223.
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
659:
653:
652:
650:
649:
640:. Archived from
634:
482:Second Punic War
244:Southwest script
182:) river valley.
79:). According to
43:were one of the
2063:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
1980:
1957:Semitic peoples
1952:
1919:
1903:
1826:
1691:
1685:
1512:
1435:
1347:
1319:
1310:
1273:
1268:
1200:
1198:Further reading
1179:
1174:
1146:
1124:
1122:
1104:
1098:
1083:
1066:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1027:
1023:
1011:
1007:
995:
991:
979:
975:
967:
963:
957:De Chorographia
951:
947:
942:
938:
933:
929:
920:
916:
905:
890:
889:
885:
878:
865:
864:
860:
854:Wayback Machine
845:
841:
810:
809:
805:
793:
792:
788:
776:
772:
760:
756:
744:
740:
733:Natural History
728:Pliny the Elder
726:
722:
713:
709:
697:
693:
685:
681:
673:
669:
660:
656:
647:
645:
636:
635:
631:
626:
569:
557:
514:Lusitanian Wars
466:
300:
231:
188:
127:
97:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2061:
2059:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2020:
2019:
2013:
2012:
1996:Canary Islands
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1882:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1842:
1840:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1321:
1320:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1271:External links
1269:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1248:
1246:978-1848847873
1234:
1220:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1144:
1130:
1102:
1096:
1081:
1064:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1021:
1005:
989:
973:
961:
953:Pomponius Mela
945:
936:
927:
914:
911:on 2011-07-23.
903:
883:
876:
858:
839:
814:Immunogenetics
803:
786:
770:
754:
738:
720:
707:
691:
689:, p. 132.
687:Delamarre 2003
679:
667:
654:
628:
627:
625:
622:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
603:Sertorian Wars
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
568:
565:
556:
553:
541:Sertorian Wars
526:Roman Republic
465:
462:
454:Portus Magonis
423:Pomponius Mela
320:Faro, Portugal
318:city (today's
310:in Antiquity.
299:
296:
230:
227:
187:
184:
126:
123:
96:
93:
73:Roman province
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2060:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1969:Carthaginians
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:Eastern Celts
1766:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1751:Mirobrigenses
1749:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:Proto-Basques
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1302:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1263:
1261:
1260:9781781591284
1257:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1232:84-7491-447-7
1229:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1218:84-249-1386-8
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:Mattoso, José
1131:
1121:on 2011-05-24
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1097:9782877723695
1093:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1019:, 1, 112-113.
1018:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1002:
998:
993:
990:
986:
982:
977:
974:
970:
965:
962:
958:
954:
949:
946:
940:
937:
931:
928:
924:
918:
915:
910:
906:
900:
896:
895:
887:
884:
879:
873:
869:
862:
859:
855:
851:
848:
843:
840:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
807:
804:
799:
798:
790:
787:
783:
779:
774:
771:
767:
763:
758:
755:
751:
747:
742:
739:
736:, V, 41, 145.
735:
734:
729:
724:
721:
717:
711:
708:
704:
700:
695:
692:
688:
683:
680:
677:, p. 12.
676:
671:
668:
664:
658:
655:
644:on 2011-02-26
643:
639:
633:
630:
623:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
570:
566:
564:
562:
554:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
494:
492:
488:
483:
475:
470:
463:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:Carthaginians
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
419:Mrtlis Saidie
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
348:
343:
339:
335:
334:
329:
321:
317:
313:
309:
308:Gulf of Cádiz
304:
297:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
262:
257:
253:
249:
245:
235:
228:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
193:
185:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
131:
124:
122:
121:, κύων, dog.
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
102:
94:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
29:
21:
1879:
1690:Other Celtic
1450:Celtiberians
1251:
1250:Luis Silva,
1237:
1223:
1209:
1205:
1159:
1155:
1136:
1123:. Retrieved
1119:the original
1114:
1110:
1086:
1076:
1072:
1059:
1055:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
976:
964:
956:
948:
939:
930:
917:
909:the original
893:
886:
867:
861:
842:
820:(1): 37–43.
817:
813:
806:
796:
789:
781:
773:
768:, III, 1, 4.
766:Geographikon
765:
757:
749:
741:
731:
723:
715:
710:
703:Ora Marítima
702:
694:
682:
675:Sergent 1991
670:
662:
657:
646:. Retrieved
642:the original
632:
558:
555:Romanization
534:
506:Monte Molião
501:
495:
479:
453:
449:
431:
427:parva oppida
426:
418:
410:
406:
403:Castro Marim
398:
390:
386:
378:
366:
358:
354:
352:
345:
341:
331:
327:
325:
315:
311:
287:
279:
269:
240:
189:
175:
136:
118:
111:
109:Proto-Celtic
104:
100:
98:
40:
36:
34:
1964:Phoenicians
1846:Lusitanians
1780:Oestriminis
1493:Pellendones
1406:Ilercavones
1187:Geographika
969:Arruda 2005
752:, 10: 7, 5.
583:Conistorgis
438:Turdetanian
357:) included
342:Conistorgis
333:Conistorgis
312:Conistorgis
306:Map of the
282:, found in
278:. The name
261:Aquitanians
172:Estremadura
160:Ciudad Real
69:Ciudad Real
2022:Categories
2004:Portuguese
1868:Bletonesii
1719:Suessetani
1709:Autrigones
1699:Allotriges
1606:Lapatianci
1601:Interamici
1503:Turboletae
1391:Contestani
1376:Castellani
1371:Bergistani
1141:Portuguese
1125:2010-08-12
1043:References
665:, 44: 4-5.
648:2008-04-07
563:province.
520:and their
502:Laccobriga
489:and later
434:Phoenician
192:haplotypes
140:Bronze Age
51:and Lower
1885:Turdetani
1875:Tartessos
1812:Turmodigi
1785:Plentauri
1741:Carpetani
1661:Quaquerni
1468:Cratistii
1416:Indigetes
1411:Ilergetes
1401:Indigetes
1386:Cessetani
1366:Bastetani
1191:III, 2, 2
1079:: 481–96.
1033:Sertorius
959:, III, 7.
716:Fragments
588:Cyneticum
561:Lusitania
474:Ferragudo
347:Pax Julia
292:Herodotus
223:Oestrimni
164:Cyneticum
99:The name
95:Etymology
77:Lusitania
2008:Guanches
1938:Aeolians
1933:Achaeans
1890:Mastieni
1863:Vettones
1839:peoples?
1800:Oppidani
1736:Caristii
1731:Cantabri
1676:Tamagani
1646:Nemetati
1636:Namarini
1586:Gallaeci
1576:Coelerni
1526:Albiones
1518:Gallaeci
1473:Lobetani
1431:Sedetani
1426:Laietani
1421:Lacetani
1381:Ceretani
1361:Ausetani
1353:Iberians
1343:Vascones
1338:Iacetani
1325:Aquitani
1150:(1991).
1135:(dir.),
1062:: 9–156.
1029:Plutarch
1003:, 68-69.
987:, 56-57.
850:Archived
784:, 10: 75
750:Istorion
746:Polybius
699:Avienius
661:Justin,
567:See also
522:Vettones
518:Lusitani
487:Carthage
458:Portimão
411:Myrtilis
399:Baesuris
379:Ossonoba
316:Ossonoba
263:and the
252:Ligurian
248:Schulten
186:Genetics
144:Alentejo
85:Gargoris
57:Portugal
53:Alentejo
1988:Madeira
1948:Ionians
1943:Dorians
1880:Cynetes
1851:Paesuri
1822:Varduli
1817:Vaccaei
1805:Veteres
1795:Bardili
1790:Turduli
1746:Celtici
1726:Berones
1704:Astures
1692:peoples
1656:Poemani
1641:Narbasi
1631:Luanqui
1626:Louguei
1581:Equaesi
1566:Cibarci
1546:Bracari
1536:Artabri
1488:Oretani
1483:Olcades
1478:Lusones
1458:Arevaci
1396:Edetani
1315:of the
1206:et alii
1177:Primary
1013:Sallust
1001:Iberiké
985:Iberiké
834:9382919
782:Iberiké
543:, when
508:, near
498:Celtici
464:History
442:Turduli
415:Mértola
407:Baesuri
288:Cynesii
265:Basques
256:Ligures
229:Culture
211:HLA-A26
180:Mondego
168:Turduli
156:Córdoba
152:Badajoz
148:Algarve
103:(Latin
101:Cynetes
65:Córdoba
61:Badajoz
49:Algarve
37:Cynetes
2000:Romans
1994:, and
1992:Azores
1974:Punics
1925:Greeks
1856:Tapoli
1837:Celtic
1773:Volcae
1714:Belgae
1681:Turodi
1671:Seurri
1666:Seurbi
1621:Limici
1611:Lemavi
1596:Iadovi
1591:Grovii
1571:Cileni
1551:Capori
1531:Arroni
1258:
1244:
1230:
1216:
1183:Strabo
1094:
997:Appian
981:Appian
901:
874:
832:
778:Appian
762:Strabo
409:) and
395:Tavira
387:Osunba
381:(near
375:Silves
355:Oppida
338:Celtic
284:Strabo
81:Justin
1835:Para-
1761:Sefes
1651:Nerii
1616:Leuni
1541:Baedi
1508:Uraci
1498:Titii
1463:Belli
1441:Celts
1162:(2).
1035:, 13.
624:Notes
598:Sefes
510:Lagos
391:Balsa
367:Cilpe
363:Alvor
359:Ipses
328:Conii
298:Towns
280:Conii
176:Munda
116:Greek
112:*kwon
105:Conii
89:Habis
41:Conii
1986:The
1756:Ophi
1256:ISBN
1242:ISBN
1228:ISBN
1214:ISBN
1092:ISBN
899:ISBN
872:ISBN
830:PMID
493:.
491:Rome
436:and
383:Faro
330:was
219:DR13
209:and
207:DR15
158:and
119:kyοn
87:and
67:and
35:The
1164:doi
822:doi
440:or
397:),
389:),
377:),
365:),
225:).
215:B38
203:B18
199:A25
195:HLA
75:of
39:or
2024::
1990:,
1208:,
1189:,
1185:,
1160:17
1158:.
1154:.
1113:.
1109:.
1075:.
1071:.
1054:.
1031:,
1015:,
999:,
983:,
955:,
828:.
818:47
816:.
780:,
764:,
748:,
730:,
701:,
373:–
322:).
267:.
146:,
1331:)
1327:(
1305:e
1298:t
1291:v
1193:.
1170:.
1166::
1143:)
1128:.
1115:6
1100:.
1077:6
1060:4
971:.
880:.
836:.
824::
718:.
651:.
504:(
476:.
456:(
413:(
401:(
369:(
361:(
242:‘
217:-
213:-
205:-
201:-
197:-
178:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
