36:
370:
may be used to infer relationships between asexually reproducing fungi and their sexually reproducing counterparts. With these methods, many asexually reproducing fungi have now been placed in the tree of life. However, because phylogenetic methods require sufficient quantities of biological
387:. The taxon names are sometimes used informally. In particular, the term 'hyphomycetes' is often used to refer to molds, and the term 'coelomycetes' is used to refer to many asexually reproducing plant pathogens that form discrete fruiting bodies.
371:
materials (spores or fresh specimens) that are from pure (i.e., uncontaminated) fungal cultures, for many asexual species their exact relationship with other fungal species has yet to be determined. Under the current system of fungal nomenclature,
225:
has never been observed. They are known as imperfect fungi because only their asexual and vegetative phases are known. They have asexual form of reproduction, meaning that these fungi produce their spores asexually, in the process called
284:
are classified based on characteristics of the fruiting bodies and spores produced during sexual reproduction, and members of the
Deuteromycota have been observed to reproduce only asexually or produce no spores.
933:
375:
names cannot be applied to fungi that lack sexual structures. Classifying and naming asexually reproducing fungi is the subject of ongoing debate in the mycological community.
1113:
930:
956:
855:
2191:
292:
295:(the rules governing the naming of plants and fungi). However, the system of dual nomenclature for fungi was abolished in the 2011 update of the Code.
834:
2230:
880:
249:
are algal fungi. In addition, there are a number of edible imperfect fungi, including the ones that provide the distinctive characteristics of
1037:
810:
1106:
905:
234:
144:
119:
53:
2281:
1154:
1149:
100:
1056:
72:
57:
2235:
1233:
1223:
1206:
1099:
747:
2276:
79:
233:
There are about 25,000 species that have been classified in the deuteromycota and many are basidiomycota or ascomycota
1047:
Seifert, K.A. (1993). "Integrating anamorphic fungi into the fungal system". In
Reynolds, D.R.; Taylor, J.W. (eds.).
954:
859:
218:
291:
formerly used a unique dual system of nomenclature in classifying fungi, which was permitted by
Article 59 of the
86:
46:
983:
630:
280:, many of the fungi it included have yet to find a place in modern fungal classification. This is because most
1806:
68:
2013:
1663:
1621:
1580:
1238:
831:
367:
2271:
2144:
1879:
1613:
1397:
705:
644:
637:
615:
1811:
1781:
1673:
1439:
1758:
1668:
1420:
1407:
1389:
1201:
1130:
1091:
351:
268:, but these are terms without taxonomic rank. Examples are Alternaria, Colletotrichum, Trichoderma etc.
2182:
1899:
1450:
1786:
884:
586:
540:
2046:
1993:
1552:
1415:
682:
498:
424:
314:
2222:
1269:
568:
490:
2023:
1998:
1796:
1748:
1738:
1539:
1478:
1473:
560:
532:
444:
1937:
1445:
781:
413:
330:. When such a teleomorphic stage became known, that name would take priority over the name of an
2099:
2051:
2038:
2018:
2003:
1983:
1932:
1791:
1603:
1575:
1529:
1465:
1218:
1196:
1184:
1159:
661:
516:
214:
165:
1068:"Making the Deuteromycota redundant: a practical integration of mitosporic and meiosporic fungi"
508:
402:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2008:
1859:
1709:
1595:
1521:
1228:
1191:
1179:
1169:
1052:
1033:
808:
675:
668:
620:
355:
304:
260:
Other, more informal names besides
Deuteromycota ("Deuteromycetes") and fungi imperfecti are
242:
93:
1975:
1922:
1864:
1773:
1730:
1701:
1585:
1547:
1455:
1143:
1079:
1025:
1012:
964:
941:
842:
818:
742:
383:
These groups are no longer formally accepted because they do not adhere to the principle of
254:
250:
909:
2104:
2094:
2076:
2028:
1942:
1894:
1884:
1874:
1801:
1763:
1639:
1562:
1430:
1346:
1316:
1311:
1067:
1000:
960:
937:
838:
814:
699:
578:
455:
246:
27:
Fungal classification based on asexual characters when sexual reproduction is unidentified
2209:
326:
or fruiting body of the sexual reproductive stage of a fungus), which was already named
2217:
2089:
2084:
1909:
1889:
1869:
1851:
1836:
1821:
1678:
1570:
1511:
1174:
1049:
The Fungal
Holomorph: mitotic, meiotic and pleomorphic speciation in fungal systematics
2196:
767:
2265:
1960:
1927:
1917:
1841:
1654:
1644:
1503:
1279:
688:
363:
298:
Under the former system, a name for an asexually reproducing fungus was considered a
1988:
1753:
1631:
1261:
552:
482:
468:
437:
428:
406:
395:
359:
227:
222:
221:
or morphological characteristics of sexual structures because their sexual form of
151:
2176:
1321:
1122:
710:
623:
524:
390:
Following, a classification of the Fungi imperfecti: Saccardo et al.(1882-1972)
288:
156:
35:
1719:
1492:
372:
319:
238:
2167:
350:
Phylogenetic classification of asexually reproducing fungi now commonly uses
17:
2204:
716:
459:
448:
384:
276:
Although Fungi imperfecti/Deuteromycota is no longer formally accepted as a
334:(which lacks a sexual reproductive stage). Hence the formerly classified
312:
was considered a form taxon. In contrast, isolates of its close relative,
2243:
2161:
1743:
1377:
1368:
1354:
1213:
729:
724:
695:
331:
323:
143:
1965:
1692:
417:
1126:
655:
176:
2248:
2138:
1083:
1016:
281:
277:
210:
768:"International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants"
2142:
1095:
302:. For example, the ubiquitous and industrially important mold,
29:
807:
See "Una
Historia Ilustrada del Transplante de Órganos"
994:: 311–320 – via the Iowa Academy of Science, Inc.
654:
are used to improve both the taste and the texture of
2151:
2075:
2037:
1974:
1959:
1908:
1850:
1829:
1820:
1772:
1729:
1718:
1700:
1691:
1653:
1630:
1612:
1594:
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1538:
1520:
1502:
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1464:
1429:
1406:
1388:
1376:
1367:
1345:
1338:
1304:
1278:
1260:
1253:
798:. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York. 1989.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
596:Other systems of classification are reviewed by (
379:Historical classification of the imperfect fungi
770:. International Association for Plant Taxonomy.
213:which do not fit into the commonly established
318:, revealed it to be the anamorphic stage of a
1107:
8:
698:which may control certain species of insect
293:International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
217:classifications of fungi that are based on
2139:
1971:
1826:
1726:
1697:
1499:
1385:
1373:
1342:
1284:
1257:
1114:
1100:
1092:
988:Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science
728:spp. are under development for control of
142:
133:
881:"ARS en Espanol : News & Events"
358:constructed from comparative analyses of
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1032:. Vol. 1. Elsevier. pp. 3–18.
1001:"How natural should anamorph genera be?"
984:"Classification of the Fungi lmperfecti"
597:
759:
1051:. CAB International. pp. 79–85.
7:
475:Other, according to Dörfelt (1989):
272:Problems in taxonomic classification
58:adding citations to reliable sources
440:spores produced in fruiting bodies
191:
308:, has no known sexual cycle. Thus
25:
1024:Kendrick, B. (2 December 2012) .
338:species would be properly called
237:. Fungi producing the antibiotic
906:"Enzyme Development Corporation"
34:
1026:"The history of conidial fungi"
45:needs additional citations for
1:
748:List of mitosporic Ascomycota
405:(producing spores on simple
1028:. In Cole, Garry T. (ed.).
794:Dörfelt, Heinrich (Hrsg.):
609:Industrially relevant fungi
219:biological species concepts
2298:
1072:Canadian Journal of Botany
1005:Canadian Journal of Botany
2125:
1287:
1137:
1030:Biology of Conidial Fungi
858:. Bio-Cat. Archived from
188:
183:
166:Scientific classification
164:
150:
141:
136:
631:Penicillium griseofulvum
398:lacking fruiting bodies
2282:Fungi by classification
2014:Cryptomycocolacomycetes
1807:Sporopachydermiomycetes
1622:Calcarisporiellomycetes
1664:Palaeovesiarbusmycetes
1614:Calcarisporiellomycota
1581:Ramicandelaberomycetes
1398:Neocallimastigomycetes
883:. USDA. Archived from
706:entomopathogenic fungi
645:Penicillium camemberti
638:Penicillium roqueforti
616:Tolypocladium inflatum
346:Phylogeny and taxonomy
2131:(polyphyletic group).
1759:Schizosaccharomycetes
1421:Monoblepharidomycetes
1390:Neocallimastigomycota
796:Lexikon der Mykologie
782:"Fungi - Wikispecies"
458:(producing spores in
447:(producing spores in
427:(producing spores in
416:(producing spores on
368:multigene phylogenies
352:molecular systematics
241:and those that cause
2047:Peribolosporomycetes
1994:Agaricostilbomycetes
1880:Collemopsidiomycetes
1754:Pneumocystidomycetes
1553:Entomophthoromycetes
1416:Hyaloraphidiomycetes
1297:Paramicrosporidiales
1011:(Suppl 1): S747–53.
683:Amorphotheca resinae
315:Aspergillus nidulans
54:improve this article
2277:Fungus common names
2024:Spiculogloeomycetes
1999:Cystobasidiomycetes
1812:Trigonopsidomycetes
1782:Alloascoideomycetes
1739:Archaeorhizomycetes
1674:Archaeosporomycetes
1540:Entomophthoromycota
1479:Blastocladiomycetes
1474:Physodermatomycetes
1440:Caulochytriomycetes
1280:Microsporidiomycota
1078:(Suppl 1): S754–9.
1066:Taylor, JW (1995).
982:Goos, R.D. (1956).
340:Emericella nidulans
328:Emericella nidulans
2100:Bartheletiomycetes
2052:Monilielliomycetes
2039:Ustilaginomycotina
2019:Atractiellomycetes
2004:Microbotryomycetes
1984:Tritirachiomycetes
1933:Laboulbeniomycetes
1669:Paraglomeromycetes
1604:Mortierellomycetes
1576:Dimargaritomycetes
1530:Basidiobolomycetes
1466:Blastocladiomycota
1408:Monoblepharomycota
959:2008-10-06 at the
936:2011-07-07 at the
856:"Bio-Cat Products"
837:2008-09-09 at the
830:See the following
813:2008-03-16 at the
662:Aspergillus oryzae
356:Phylogenetic trees
69:"Fungi imperfecti"
2259:
2258:
2145:Taxon identifiers
2136:
2135:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2067:Exobasidiomycetes
2062:Ustilaginomycetes
2057:Malasseziomycetes
2009:Classiculomycetes
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1900:Xylobotryomycetes
1860:Candelariomycetes
1710:Entorrhizomycetes
1687:
1686:
1596:Mortierellomycota
1522:Basidiobolomycota
1487:
1486:
1451:Sanchytriomycetes
1363:
1362:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1039:978-0-323-13899-4
999:Gams, W. (1995).
676:Aspergillus niger
669:Aspergillus sojae
650:Other species of
621:immunosuppressant
619:→ from which the
310:Aspergillus niger
305:Aspergillus niger
199:
198:
137:Fungi imperfecti
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2289:
2252:
2251:
2239:
2238:
2226:
2225:
2213:
2212:
2200:
2199:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2183:Anamorphic fungi
2172:
2171:
2170:
2140:
2129:fungi imperfecti
1976:Pucciniomycotina
1972:
1923:Geoglossomycetes
1865:Coniocybomycetes
1827:
1787:Dipodascomycetes
1774:Saccharomycotina
1731:Taphrinomycotina
1727:
1702:Entorrhizomycota
1698:
1586:Kickxellomycetes
1548:Neozygitomycetes
1500:
1456:Chytridiomycetes
1386:
1374:
1343:
1285:
1258:
1166:
1146:
1129:classification,
1116:
1109:
1102:
1093:
1087:
1062:
1043:
1020:
995:
968:
951:
945:
927:
921:
920:
918:
917:
908:. Archived from
902:
896:
895:
893:
892:
877:
871:
870:
868:
867:
852:
846:
828:
822:
805:
799:
792:
786:
785:
778:
772:
771:
764:
743:Forest pathology
694:→ these produce
587:Sphaeropsidaceae
541:Tuberculariaceae
266:mitosporic fungi
262:anamorphic fungi
255:Camembert cheese
247:yeast infections
203:fungi imperfecti
146:
134:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2247:
2242:
2234:
2229:
2221:
2216:
2208:
2203:
2195:
2190:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2147:
2137:
2132:
2109:
2105:Tremellomycetes
2095:Wallemiomycetes
2077:Agaricomycotina
2071:
2033:
2029:Pucciniomycetes
1963:
1947:
1943:Sordariomycetes
1904:
1895:Lecanoromycetes
1885:Dothideomycetes
1875:Arthoniomycetes
1846:
1816:
1802:Saccharomycetes
1768:
1764:Taphrinomycetes
1744:Neolectomycetes
1722:
1714:
1683:
1649:
1640:Endogonomycetes
1626:
1608:
1590:
1563:Kickxellomycota
1557:
1534:
1516:
1495:
1483:
1460:
1431:Chytridiomycota
1425:
1402:
1381:
1359:
1347:Aphelidiomycota
1339:Aphelidiomyceta
1326:
1317:Metchnikovellea
1312:Chytridiopsidea
1300:
1291:Morellosporales
1274:
1249:
1248:
1164:
1142:
1133:
1120:
1090:
1084:10.1139/b95-319
1065:
1059:
1046:
1040:
1023:
1017:10.1139/b95-318
998:
981:
977:
972:
971:
961:Wayback Machine
952:
948:
938:Wayback Machine
928:
924:
915:
913:
904:
903:
899:
890:
888:
879:
878:
874:
865:
863:
854:
853:
849:
839:Wayback Machine
829:
825:
815:Wayback Machine
806:
802:
793:
789:
780:
779:
775:
766:
765:
761:
756:
739:
611:
606:
579:Sphaeropsidales
499:Agonomycetaceae
456:Sphaeropsidales
425:Tuberculariales
381:
348:
274:
207:imperfect fungi
179:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2295:
2293:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2264:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2240:
2227:
2214:
2201:
2188:
2173:
2157:
2155:
2153:Deuteromycetes
2149:
2148:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2090:Agaricomycetes
2087:
2085:Dacrymycetales
2081:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1980:
1978:
1969:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1910:Sordariomyceta
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1890:Eurotiomycetes
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1870:Lichinomycetes
1867:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1852:Dothideomyceta
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1837:Orbiliomycetes
1833:
1831:
1824:
1822:Pezizomycotina
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1724:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1706:
1704:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1679:Glomeromycetes
1676:
1671:
1666:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1618:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1571:Zoopagomycetes
1567:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1526:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1512:Olpidiomycetes
1508:
1506:
1497:
1496:(paraphyletic)
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1470:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1442:
1435:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1383:
1382:(paraphyletic)
1371:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:Nucleophagales
1292:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1270:Rozellomycetes
1266:
1264:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1239:Mesomycetozoea
1236:
1231:
1221:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1175:Diaphoretickes
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1096:
1089:
1088:
1063:
1057:
1044:
1038:
1021:
996:
978:
976:
973:
970:
969:
946:
922:
897:
872:
847:
823:
800:
787:
773:
758:
757:
755:
752:
751:
750:
745:
738:
735:
734:
733:
721:
702:
686:
679:
672:
665:
658:
648:
641:
634:
627:
610:
607:
605:
604:Common species
602:
594:
593:
592:
591:
590:
589:
573:
572:
571:
569:Melanconiaceae
547:
546:
545:
544:
543:
535:
527:
519:
503:
502:
501:
491:Agonomycetales
473:
472:
471:lacking spores
465:
464:
463:
452:
434:
433:
432:
421:
410:
380:
377:
347:
344:
273:
270:
243:athlete's foot
197:
196:
186:
185:
181:
180:
175:
173:
169:
168:
162:
161:
148:
147:
139:
138:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2294:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:Deuteromycota
2270:
2269:
2267:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2130:
2124:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1961:Basidiomycota
1958:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1928:Leotiomycetes
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1918:Xylonomycetes
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1842:Pezizomycetes
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1797:Pichiomycetes
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:Novakomycetes
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1655:Glomeromycota
1652:
1646:
1645:Mucoromycetes
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1504:Olpidiomycota
1501:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:Microsporidia
1303:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1262:Rozellomycota
1259:
1256:
1254:Rozellomyceta
1252:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1202:Stramenopiles
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1165:(major groups
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1131:fungal orders
1128:
1124:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
985:
980:
979:
974:
966:
962:
958:
955:
950:
947:
943:
939:
935:
932:
926:
923:
912:on 2012-03-21
911:
907:
901:
898:
887:on 2008-10-12
886:
882:
876:
873:
862:on 2008-12-04
861:
857:
851:
848:
844:
840:
836:
833:
827:
824:
820:
816:
812:
809:
804:
801:
797:
791:
788:
783:
777:
774:
769:
763:
760:
753:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
736:
731:
727:
726:
722:
719:
718:
713:
712:
707:
703:
701:
697:
693:
691:
690:Lecanicillium
687:
685:
684:
680:
678:
677:
673:
671:
670:
666:
664:
663:
659:
657:
653:
649:
647:
646:
642:
640:
639:
635:
633:
632:
628:
625:
622:
618:
617:
613:
612:
608:
603:
601:
599:
598:Kendrick 1981
588:
585:
584:Form-Familie:
582:
581:
580:
577:
576:Form-Ordnung:
574:
570:
567:
566:Form-Familie:
564:
563:
562:
561:Melanconiales
559:
558:Form-Ordnung:
556:
555:
554:
551:
548:
542:
539:
538:Form-Familie:
536:
534:
533:Stilbellaceae
531:
530:Form-Familie:
528:
526:
523:
522:Form-Familie:
520:
518:
515:
514:Form-Familie:
512:
511:
510:
507:
506:Form-Ordnung:
504:
500:
497:
496:Form-Familie:
494:
493:
492:
489:
488:Form-Ordnung:
486:
485:
484:
481:
478:
477:
476:
470:
466:
461:
457:
453:
450:
446:
445:Melanconiales
442:
441:
439:
435:
430:
426:
422:
419:
415:
411:
408:
407:conidiophores
404:
400:
399:
397:
393:
392:
391:
388:
386:
378:
376:
374:
369:
365:
361:
360:DNA sequences
357:
353:
345:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
306:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
283:
279:
271:
269:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
231:
229:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
195:
193:
187:
182:
178:
174:
171:
170:
167:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
145:
140:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
18:Deuteromycota
2152:
2128:
1989:Mixiomycetes
1938:Sareomycetes
1632:Mucoromycota
1446:Coenomycetes
1224:Opisthokonta
1075:
1071:
1048:
1029:
1008:
1004:
991:
987:
975:Bibliography
949:
925:
914:. Retrieved
910:the original
900:
889:. Retrieved
885:the original
875:
864:. Retrieved
860:the original
850:
826:
803:
795:
790:
776:
762:
723:
715:
709:
708:, including
689:
681:
674:
667:
660:
651:
643:
636:
629:
626:is obtained;
614:
595:
583:
575:
565:
557:
553:Coelomycetes
550:Form-Klasse:
549:
537:
529:
521:
513:
505:
495:
487:
483:Hyphomycetes
480:Form-Klasse:
479:
474:
469:Agonomycetes
438:Coelomycetes
414:Stilbellales
396:Hyphomycetes
389:
382:
349:
339:
335:
327:
313:
309:
303:
299:
297:
287:
275:
265:
261:
259:
232:
228:sporogenesis
223:reproduction
206:
202:
200:
189:
155:
152:Conidiophore
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2177:Wikispecies
1792:Lipomycetes
1723:(sac fungi)
1322:Microsporea
1123:Opisthokont
711:Metarhizium
652:Penicillium
624:ciclosporin
525:Dematiaceae
517:Moniliaceae
429:sporodochia
336:Aspergillus
289:Mycologists
157:Aspergillus
2266:Categories
2127:See also:
1720:Ascomycota
1493:Zygomycota
1127:True fungi
1058:0851988652
916:2008-10-02
891:2008-10-02
866:2008-10-02
754:References
509:Moniliales
403:Moniliales
373:teleomorph
362:, such as
320:teleomorph
300:form taxon
239:penicillin
110:March 2016
80:newspapers
2205:FloraBase
2192:AusLichen
1378:Zoosporic
1355:Aphelidea
1219:Amoebozoa
1197:Alveolata
1185:Cryptista
1160:Eukaryota
929:See this
717:Beauveria
418:synnemata
385:monophyly
251:Roquefort
235:anamorphs
215:taxonomic
172:Kingdom:
2244:MycoBank
2218:Fungorum
2197:30112886
2162:Wikidata
1369:Eumycota
1214:Amorphea
1192:Rhizaria
1180:Hacrobia
1170:Excavata
1155:Bacteria
957:Archived
934:Archived
835:Archived
811:Archived
737:See also
730:Nematode
725:Pochonia
460:pycnidia
449:acervuli
332:anamorph
324:ascocarp
184:Species
2168:Q648056
1966:basidia
1693:Dikarya
1229:Animals
1150:Archaea
965:Spanish
942:Spanish
843:Spanish
819:Spanish
696:conidia
656:cheeses
94:scholar
1964:(with
1207:Plants
1144:Domain
1055:
1036:
732:pests.
704:Other
467:Class
454:Order
443:Order
436:Class
423:Order
412:Order
401:Order
394:Class
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2249:90090
2236:14116
2223:90090
2210:23339
1830:Other
1380:fungi
1234:Fungi
700:pests
366:, or
322:(the
282:fungi
278:taxon
264:, or
211:fungi
192:below
177:Fungi
101:JSTOR
87:books
2231:ITIS
1053:ISBN
1034:ISBN
963:(in
940:(in
931:link
841:(in
832:link
817:(in
720:spp.
714:and
364:rRNA
253:and
245:and
209:are
201:The
190:See
160:sp.
73:news
1080:doi
1013:doi
953:Cf.
692:sp.
600:).
205:or
154:of
56:by
2268::
2246::
2233::
2220::
2207::
2194::
2179::
2164::
1125::
1076:73
1074:.
1070:.
1009:73
1007:.
1003:.
992:63
990:.
986:.
967:).
944:).
845:).
821:).
354:.
342:.
257:.
230:.
194:.
1968:)
1662:†
1444:?
1438:?
1241:)
1115:e
1108:t
1101:v
1086:.
1082::
1061:.
1042:.
1019:.
1015::
919:.
894:.
869:.
784:.
462:)
451:)
431:)
420:)
409:)
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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