1546:". They are granted "free-determination" to choose the social, economic, cultural and political organization for which they are to elect representatives democratically in whatever manner they see fit, traditionally or otherwise, as long as women have the same opportunities to participate in their social and political life. There are, however, no prescribed limits to their territories, and they are still under the jurisdiction of the municipalities and states in which they are located; the indigenous peoples can elect representatives before the municipal councils. In practice, they are allowed to have an autonomous form of self-government, but they are still subject to the rights and responsibilities set forth by the federal constitution and the constitution of the states in which they are located.
1664:. The central government of Spain considers that a binding referendum is unconstitutional and cannot be held. On October 1, 2017, the regional government held a referendum despite having been declared illegal by the Spanish courts. Subsequently, several leaders were arrested and imprisoned on charges of "sedition" and "rebellion". The regional president fled to Brussels, but has so far escaped extradition as those offenses are not part of Belgian law or the European Arrest Warrant. On December 21, 2017, fresh elections were held in which pro-independence parties held a slim majority and a broad coalition of constitutionalist parties expressed disappointment and concern for the future.
1349:
also gave the Inuit capital transfers from the federal government of over $ 1.1 billion over the next 14 years. This money will be held in trust with the interest to be used in a variety of different projects, including financing for regional businesses and scholarships for students. The Inuit also gained a share of resource royalties, hunting rights and a greater role in managing the land and protecting the environment. The land claims agreement also committed the
Government of Canada to recommend to Parliament legislation to create a new territory in the eastern part of the Northwest Territories.
1700:
2052:
1716:
1342:, and other residents of the Eastern Arctic, to take charge of their own destiny. There were some reservations, however. Before action could be taken, certain practical considerations had to be addressed. First of all, outstanding land claims had to be settled. Second, all parties had to agree on a new boundary. Finally, all parties had to agree on the division of powers between territorial, regional and local levels of government. The various governments and native groups worked closely together to realize these goals. The
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1885:. This relationship is unique to each of the more than 500 tribes and also involves International Treaties between various tribes and Spain, Great Britain, and the eventual United States. Territories are under the direct jurisdiction of Congress. Territorial governments are thus devolved by acts of Congress. Political subdivisions of a state, such as a county or municipality, are a type of devolved government and are defined by individual state constitutions and laws.
1330:
At the same time, however, it noted that governmental reform was required before this could happen. It recommended the establishment of a new system of representative government. As a result, in the late 1960s and 1970s, the federal government gradually created electoral constituencies and transferred many federally run programs to the territorial government. Northerners took on more and more responsibility for the day-to-day running of their own affairs. In 1982 a
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1568:. Initially regions were created and elected regional assemblies set up. Together with the departmental councils these bodies have responsibility for infrastructure spending and maintenance (schools and highways) and certain social spending. They collect revenues through property taxes and various other taxes. In addition a large part of spending is provided by direct grants to such authorities.
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1642:), Spain has been quoted to be "remarkable for the extent of the powers peacefully devolved over the past 30 years" and "an extraordinarily decentralised country", with the central government accounting for just 18% of public spending; the regional governments 38%, the local councils 13% and the social-security system the rest.
1293:
Northwest
Territories has taken over responsibilities for several other programs and services including the delivery of health care, social services, education, administration of airports, and forestry management. The legislative jurisdiction of the territorial legislature is set out in section 16 of the
1794:
A referendum was held in
Scotland on 18 September 2014 which asked citizens whether Scotland should be an independent country. By a margin of approximately 55 percent to 45 percent, people living in Scotland rejected the proposal. The leaders of the three largest British political parties pledged on
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In the 1980s, the citizens of the
Federal District, being the most populated federal entity in Mexico, began to demand home rule: a devolution of autonomy in order to directly elect their head of government and to set up a Legislative Assembly. In 1987, an Assembly of Representatives was created, by
1446:
began in 1996, followed by a formal federal devolution proposal to the Yukon
Government in January 1997. In September 1998 a Devolution Protocol Accord to guide devolution negotiations was signed. On August 28, 2001, a final draft of the Devolution Transfer Agreement was completed for consideration.
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was held in the NWT asking the question, "Do you think the NWT should be divided?" Fifty-three percent of eligible voters participated in the plebiscite, with 56.4 percent of them voting "yes". Voter turnout and support for division was particularly strong in the
Eastern Arctic. The Inuit population
1903:
offers an illustration of devolved government. The
District is separate from any state, and has its own elected government. In many ways, on a day-to-day basis, it operates much like another state, with its own laws, court system, Department of Motor Vehicles, public university, and so on. However,
1348:
was ratified by the Inuit in
November 1992, signed by the Prime Minister of Canada on May 25, 1993, and passed by the Canadian Parliament in June of the same year. It was the largest native land claim settlement in Canadian history. It gave the Inuit title over 350,000 square kilometres of land. It
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to look at the issue of government in the north. After extensive study and consultation, the
Commission concluded that division of the NWT was probably both advisable and inevitable. There was a recognition that Northerners wanted to run their own affairs and must be given the opportunity to do so.
1876:
In the United States the federal government and state governments are sovereign. As Native
American tribes and the governments they formed pre-date the formation of the United States, their legal position as sovereigns co-exists alongside the individual states and the Federal government. The legal
1352:
While negotiations on a land claims settlement progressed, work was also taking place to determine potential jurisdictional boundaries for a new Eastern Territory. A proposal was presented to all NWT voters in a May 1992 plebiscite. Of those voting, 54 percent supported the proposed boundary. The
1292:
was selected as the territorial capital as a result. Transfer of many responsibilities from the federal government was recommended and carried out. This included responsibility for education, small business, public works, social services and local government. Since the report, the government of
1438:
committing the parties to smooth the progress of devolution of remaining province-like responsibilities to the Yukon Government. Responsibilities transferred since then include fisheries, mine safety, intra-territorial roads, hospitals and community-health care, oil-and-gas and, most recently,
1316:
The Government of the Northwest Territories, the Aboriginal Summit and the Government of Canada have each appointed a Chief Negotiator to work on devolution. A Framework Agreement was concluded in 2004. The target date for the completion of devolution talks for the NWT was March 2007. However,
1240:
pursuant to a land claim agreement reached with Inuit, the indigenous people of Canada's Eastern Arctic. Since that time, the federal government has slowly devolved legislative jurisdiction to the territories. Enabling the territories to become more self-sufficient and prosperous and to play a
1525:
Some left-wing groups and political parties have advocated, since the 1980s, for a full devolution of powers by transforming the Federal District into the thirty-second constituent state of the Federation (with the proposed name of "State of the Valley of Mexico", to be distinguished from the
1412:
provided for a commissioner to administer the territory. The 1898 statute granted the Commissioner in Council "the same powers to make ordinances... as are possessed by the Lieutenant Governor of the North-west Territories, acting by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly
1300:
Now, the government of Canada is negotiating the transfer of the Department of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development's remaining provincial-type responsibilities in the NWT. These include the legislative powers, programs and responsibilities for land and resources associated with the
1353:
Government of the Northwest Territories, the Tungavik Federation of Nunavut (the Inuit claims organization) and the federal government formally adopted the boundary for division in the Nunavut Political Accord. The final piece of the equation fit into place on June 10, 1993, when the
1235:
Since the 1970s, the federal government has been transferring its decision-making powers to territorial governments. This means greater local control and accountability by northerners for decisions central to the future of the territories. In 1999, the federal government created
1317:
stumbling blocks associated with the transfer of current federal employees to the territorial government, and the unresolved issue of how much money the Northwest Territories will receive for its resources has delayed the conclusion of a devolution agreement for the NWT.
1912:, which created the current District government by statute. Any law passed by the District legislature can be nullified by congressional action, and indeed the District government could be significantly altered or eliminated by a simple majority vote in Congress.
1447:
The Yukon Devolution transfer Agreement was concluded on October 29, 2001, with the Government of Canada enabling the transfer of remaining province-like responsibilities for land, water and resource management to the Government of Yukon on April 1, 2003.
1431:(Minister) directed the Commissioner to allow elected members and the Executive Council to make important policy decisions, specifying that his/her actions should normally be based on the advice and taken with the consent of the elected Executive Council.
1517:
The autonomy, or home rule, of the Federal District, was granted by the federal government, which in principle has the right to remove it. The president of Mexico still holds the final word in some decisions (e.g. he must approve some posts), and the
1260:
1795:
16 September 2014 a new devolution settlement for Scotland in the event of a No vote, promising to deliver "faster, safer and better change", and as a result of this vote and promises made during the referendum campaign, British Prime Minister
1091:, so the powers of the sub-units cannot be withdrawn unilaterally by the central government (i.e. not without the process of constitutional amendment). The sub-units therefore have a lower degree of protection under devolution than under
1335:
of the eastern section of the territory had become increasingly receptive of the idea of self-government. It was viewed as the best way to promote and protect their culture and traditions and address their unique regional concerns.
1287:
to examine the development of government in the NWT. It conducted surveys of opinion in the NWT in 1965 and 1966 and reported in 1966. Major recommendations included that the seat of government should be located in the territory.
1473:
appointed its governor or executive regent. Even though the municipalities within the Federal District were autonomous, their powers were limited. In 1928, these municipalities were abolished and transformed into non-autonomous
1380:(NLCA), territorial and federal government departments in order to determine if devolution will occur and if so the future mandate of devolution. The government of Nunavut and Nunavut Tunngavik have appointed negotiators.
1305:
Powers to develop, conserve, manage, and regulate of surface and subsurface natural resources in the NWT for mining and minerals (including oil and gas) administration, water management, land management and environmental
4400:
1357:
received Royal Assent. It officially established the territory of Nunavut and provided a legal framework for its government. It fixed April 1, 1999, as the day on which the new territory would come into existence.
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moved forward with the appointment of a Ministerial Representative for Nunavut Devolution. The Representative has held meetings with interested parties including the Boards established under the
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1228:. The status of the interior of Labrador that was believed part of Ungava was settled in 1927 by the British Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, which ruled in favour of the
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out of part of Rupert's Land, also designated the remainder of both the Northwest Territories (NWT), over which Parliament was to exercise full legislative authority under the
1434:
As in the Northwest Territories, federal responsibilities were transferred to the Yukon government in the 1980s. In 1988 the Minister and the Yukon Government Leader signed a
1808:
1428:
992:
1838:. Founded in 2014, it campaigns for the establishment of a devolved Yorkshire Assembly within the UK, with powers over education, environment, transport and housing. In the
1241:
stronger role in the Canadian federation is considered a key component to development in Canada's North. Among the three territories, devolution is most advanced in Yukon.
1427:
Increased authority of elected Council members over the ensuing period contributed to significant changes in the Yukon Commissioner's role. In 1979, instructions from the
1908:, and most of their laws cannot be voided by any act of U.S. federal government. The District of Columbia, by contrast, is constitutionally under the sole control of the
1212:
were added to the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, extending those provinces northward from their previous narrow band around the St. Lawrence and lower Great Lakes. The
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3341:
1118:
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Both the NWT Legislative Assembly and the federal government accepted the idea of dividing the territory. The idea was viewed as an important step towards enabling the
1058:
in that the devolved powers of the subnational authority may be temporary and are reversible, ultimately residing with the central government. Thus, the state remains
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and other municipalities, was created in 1824 to be the capital of the federation. As such, it was governed directly by the central or federal government and the
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was a regional administrative district of Canada's Northwest Territories from 1895 to 1912. The continental areas of said district were transferred by the
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constitutional decree, whose members were elected by popular vote. The devolution of the executive power was not granted until 1997 when the first
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is a federal state, a large portion of its land mass in the north is under the legislative jurisdiction of the federal government (called
1232:. The offshore islands to the west and north of Quebec remained part of the Northwest Territories until the creation of Nunavut in 1999.
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By the mid-1960s, schools, public works, welfare, and various other matters of a local nature had come under territorial administration.
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Territory legislation can be disallowed by the Commonwealth Parliament in Canberra, with one notable example being the NT's short-lived
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In 2010 the Constitutional Court ruled that referendums of any kind, defined as measuring the public opinion of all voting citizens (
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2 provinces, 1 autonomous province (Gorno-Badakhshan) and a zone of direct central rule (Districts of Republican Subordination).
3025:
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1673:
1486:, and Mexico City was constitutionally defined to be synonymous and coterminous with the entire Federal District. (As such, the
3414:
3139:
3127:
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1369:, the organization of Inuit of Nunavut, is also a participant to negotiations to ensure that Inuit interests are represented.
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from 1870 until the 1970s, except for the brief period between 1898 and 1905 when it was governed by an elected assembly. The
2938:
1977:
1894:
1855:
1745:
670:
625:
110:
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1404:, with a population of 40,000. In response, the Canadian government officially established the Yukon Territory in 1898. The
4374:
http://www.bbc.co.uk An Article from the BBC describing the transfer of powers from the UK Parliament to the Welsh Assembly
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announced plans to devolve additional powers to the Scottish government, the nature of which would be determined by the
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or boroughs and a "Central Department", later renamed as Mexico City. In 1970 this department was split into four new
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Over time the territorial government exercised expanded functions. Relevant developments include the following:
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Powers to control and administer public land with the right to use, sell or otherwise dispose of such land; and
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261:
1811:
vote on 23 June 2016, calls for further devolution have been raised, including differential membership of the
1005:
3892:
3729:"Article 44, Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, Second Title, Second Chapter, 44th article"
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3923:"Las consultas populares no referendarias mediante votación: ¿un artificio del derecho público español?"
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3689:"Nunatsiavut Government planning to take over child-welfare system for Labrador Inuit | SaltWire"
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was carved from the Northwest Territories in 1898 but remained a territory. In 1905, the provinces of
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17 regions (including BARMM), 82 provinces, 144 cities, 1,491 municipalities, and 42,028 barangays
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22 provinces (Taiwan is claimed as the 23rd province), 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities
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are fully autonomous and comprise a federation. The Federal District, originally integrated by
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47 counties based on 47 districts, with 47 elected governors, recognized by 2010 Constitution
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Economic and Social Research Council Devolution and Constitutional Change research programme
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4300:[Regions, list] (in Swedish). Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions
4228:
3507: – Governance of a colony, dependent country, locality, or region by its own citizens
3103:
One special city, one special self-governing city and one special self-governing province
3017:
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2437:
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1791:(i.e. the establishment of a separate English parliament or assembly) was formed in 1998.
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1197:
1136:. The rejection was a surprise to both the Australian and Northern Territory governments.
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reservation lands while illegal on non-reservation land geographically in the same state.
1113:
refused self-government in a 1978 referendum, but was given limited self-government by a
1312:
Powers to levy and collect resource royalties and other revenues from natural resources.
146:
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do not have regulatory powers and are not constituted by a board of trustees, like the
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is a federation. It has six states and two territories with less power than states.
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is currently negotiating with the government of Canada on a devolution agreement.
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3665:"Nunatsiavut to Self-Govern Child Welfare Services in Labrador Inuit Communities"
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Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Children, Seniors, and Social Development
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338:
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197:
4180:
4169:"Nicola Sturgeon: make Scotland's place in single market 'integral' to talks"
1904:
the governments of the 50 states are reserved a broad range of powers in the
1730:
Various institutions established as part of the devolution of power in the UK
1442:
Discussion to transfer land- and resource-management responsibilities to the
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3785:"Second Article of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States"
3704:"Nunatsiavut Government planning to take control of child welfare services"
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reviews the budget of the Federal District and sets the limit to its debt.
1170:
and the North-Western Territory to Canada, pursuant to section 146 of the
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was elected by popular vote. Finally, in 2000, power was devolved to the
1401:
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1542:, the country was defined as a "pluricultural nation" founded upon the "
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2307:(1999)), 1 city, and 2 autonomous republics (one of them also declared
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1995:
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1373:
1362:
1237:
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569:
406:
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113: in this article. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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There also are groups calling for devolution or full independence for
51:
Granting of some competences of central government to local government
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4070:"Scottish independence: Cameron, Miliband and Clegg sign devolution"
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or amended by central government in the same way as any statute. In
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This article is about the form of government. For other uses, see
2121:, has the same autonomy and privileges as Colombian Departments.
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2720:
2397:
4382:
3949:"Sentencia Tribunal Constitucional 31/2010, Fundamentos (nº69)"
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tribes and their government structures are the jurisdiction of
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with the goal for negotiations to conclude within three years.
3425:
4 constituent countries, of which 3 have devolved governments
3138:
17 autonomous communities of which 2 have a special degree of
1255:
stated that it had begun the process of seeking devolution of
82:
1396:
that saw the population of Yukon grow very rapidly. By 1898,
1301:
department's Northern Affairs Program (NAP) with respect to:
3531: – First-level administrative subdivisions of Australia
61:"Devolved parliament" redirects here. For the painting, see
1868:
Fort Hall Indian Casino, Idaho. Gambling is allowed within
1047:
relevant to the area, thus granting them a higher level of
3929:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública
3639:"Devolution, federalism and a new constitution for the UK"
3614:"Devolution: what is it and what powers would cities get?"
4095:"Scottish Referendum David Cameron Devolution Revolution"
2475:
20 regions, of which 5 have a special degree of autonomy
2161:, has the same autonomy and privileges as Czech regions.
1087:, by contrast, sub-unit government is guaranteed in the
3533:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1372:
Devolution over natural resources to the government of
34:
2999:(Serbia does not recognize the independence of Kosovo)
4144:"Growing calls for federal UK in wake of Brexit vote"
3517:
Royal Commission on the Constitution (United Kingdom)
1408:
were sent in to ensure Canadian jurisdiction and the
1803:. These powers were subsequently transferred in the
1530:; another proposed name is "State of the Anahuac").
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4018:"Salmond calls for independence referendum in 2014"
3383:24 oblasts (provinces) and one autonomous republic
1429:
Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development
1283:was established in April 1963 by the government of
3975:"Spain to block Catalonia independence referendum"
3853:
1162:). This has been the case since 1870. In 1870 the
4320:"Municipalities in alphabetical order 2022-01-01"
1325:In 1966, the federal government established the
2904:Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
1973:10 autonomous regions, 66 rayons and 77 cities
1164:Rupert's Land and North-Western Territory Order
3525: – UK Act to increase Scottish devolution
3501: – Quasi-federal administration in China.
1815:for the devolved areas of the United Kingdom.
1649:) can't be held without government approval.
1417:transformed the Council into an elected body.
1043:. Devolved territories have the power to make
4394:
1475:
986:
8:
3513: – EU acts at the behest of its members
1400:grew into the largest Canadian city west of
3829:"Look to French in great devolution battle"
2896:Administrative divisions of the Philippines
18:
4401:
4387:
4379:
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993:
979:
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449:
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184:
2391:38 provinces which 9 have special status
210:List of countries by system of government
173:Learn how and when to remove this message
3893:"A survey of Spain: How much is enough?"
3754:"Código Financiero del Distrito Federal"
3540: – Principle of social organization
1767:in May 1998. Between 1998 and 1999, the
1512:municipalities of the constituent states
1388:In 1896, prospectors discovered gold in
24:This is an accepted version of this page
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1969:Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan
1916:List of unitary states with devolution
1740:, devolved government was created for
1039:level. It is a form of administrative
3463:9 provinces and one independent city
2712:Two territories in free association:
1226:Quebec Boundaries Extension Act, 1912
7:
4269:[Municipal Law (1991:900)].
2930:Administrative divisions of Portugal
2311:independence: South Ossetia (2006))
1840:2021 West Yorkshire mayoral election
1413:thereof". In 1908 amendments to the
1160:territories, as opposed to provinces
111:adding citations to reliable sources
4044:"Scotland votes no to independence"
3804:"Aboriginal Peoples and Devolution"
3802:Affairs, Executive and Indigenous.
3529:States and Territories of Australia
3379:Administrative divisions of Ukraine
2618:Administrative divisions of Myanmar
2565:Administrative divisions of Moldova
2295:Administrative divisions of Georgia
1222:Quebec Boundary Extension Act, 1898
3245:Administrative divisions of Taiwan
3218:21 regions and 290 municipalities
3133:nationalities and regions of Spain
2978:Administrative divisions of Serbia
2569:32 districts and 3 municipalities
2353:Administrative divisions of Greece
2073:2 special administrative regions:
1852:State constitution (United States)
1785:Campaign for an English Parliament
1634:Under the "system of autonomies" (
1601:Nationalities and regions of Spain
49:
3852:Mallet, Victor (18 August 2010).
3551: – UK constitutional anomaly
2982:138 municipalities and 23 cities
2066:Administrative divisions of China
4296:Kullander, Björn (9 June 2021).
3593:"Devolution: A beginner's guide"
3544:Territories of the United States
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2019:
1988:
1953:
1842:, the Yorkshire Party came 3rd.
1714:
1698:
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1674:Devolution in the United Kingdom
1488:boroughs of the Federal District
962:
87:
4409:Autonomous types of first-tier
3866:from the original on 2022-12-10
3415:Countries of the United Kingdom
3349:9 regions and 5 municipalities
3128:Autonomous communities of Spain
2864:1 province at the first order:
2394:Provinces with special status:
1807:. Following the outcome of the
1560:In the late 1980s a process of
98:needs additional citations for
1895:District of Columbia home rule
1856:Home Rule in the United States
1746:Government of Ireland Act 1920
1490:are boroughs of Mexico City).
1023:delegation of powers from the
671:Intergovernmental organisation
626:Separation of church and state
1:
3483: – Organizational theory
2808:Provinces of Papua New Guinea
2146:Regions of the Czech Republic
1783:were established by law. The
1538:In a recent amendment to the
1378:Nunavut Land Claims Agreement
1345:Nunavut Land Claims Agreement
1035:level, such as a regional or
77:Subsidiarity (European Union)
4271:Ministry of Finance (Sweden)
4167:Brooks, Libby (2016-12-20).
4142:Taylor, Brian (2016-07-09).
3953:hj.tribunalconstitucional.es
3921:Fernández Ramos, Severiano.
3663:Jolene Grimes (2021-06-18).
3519: – UK enquiry 1969–1973
3495: – Political philosophy
2663:Minor constituent countries
2653:Provinces of the Netherlands
2193:Two autonomous territories:
1756:in September 1997 following
1111:Australian Capital Territory
468:(socio-political ideologies)
4048:BBC News – Scotland decides
3342:Regions and municipalities
2625:De facto autonomous state:
1436:Memorandum of Understanding
1392:, which prompted a massive
1121:with wider powers in 1988.
536:(socio-economic ideologies)
206:List of forms of government
56:Devolution (disambiguation)
4833:
4123:. legislation.gov.uk. 2016
4000:"Catalonia region profile"
3827:Game, Chris (2016-06-06).
2190:5 regions and 98 communes
1919:
1899:In the United States, the
1892:
1849:
1671:
1652:On December 12, 2013, the
1598:
1556:Decentralisation in France
1553:
1166:effected the admission of
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60:
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4493:List of federal countries
4050:. BBC. September 19, 2014
3955:. Tribunal Constitucional
3489: – Political concept
3100:8 provinces and 6 cities
3065:Provinces of South Africa
2819:National Capital District
2622:7 states and 7 divisions
2478:Two autonomous provinces
2414:a region, not a province)
1777:Northern Ireland Assembly
1690:Northern Ireland Assembly
1617:and regions of which the
1406:North-West Mounted Police
1295:Northwest Territories Act
1257:child protection services
1220:with the adoption of the
657:(geo-cultural ideologies)
4267:"Kommunallag (1991:900)"
3927:La Administración al Día
3706:. ntv.ca. Archived from
3214:Municipalities of Sweden
3206:Constitutional monarchy
3124:Constitutional monarchy
2771:Two autonomous regions:
2764:Departments of Nicaragua
2649:Constitutional monarchy
2614:Constitutional Republic
2499:Constitutional monarchy
2182:Constitutional monarchy
2000:Constitutional republic
1640:Estado de las Autonomías
1275:(NWT) was governed from
1230:Dominion of Newfoundland
1054:Devolution differs from
31:latest accepted revision
3910:(subscription required)
3702:NTV News (2021-06-18).
3643:Public Law for Everyone
3459:Provinces of Uzbekistan
3276:Provinces of Tajikistan
2659:Caribbean public bodies
2110:Departments of Colombia
1621:is composed. (See also
1506:, in Spanish), but the
1176:Rupert's Land Act, 1868
920:Administrative division
864:International relations
4443:Corporative federalism
4438:Cooperative federalism
4222:Constitutions of Kenya
3511:Principle of conferral
3344:of Trinidad and Tobago
3181:Provinces of Sri Lanka
2824:1 autonomous region:
2705:Regions of New Zealand
2530:Presidential republic
2387:Provinces of Indonesia
2004:Departments of Bolivia
1965:Presidential republic
1910:United States Congress
1873:
1813:European single market
1639:
1624:autonomous communities
1564:was undertaken by the
1540:Constitution of Mexico
1476:
1244:On June 18, 2021, the
1188:Constitution Act, 1871
1172:Constitution Act, 1867
1013:
4428:Asymmetric federalism
3879:registration required
3569:"What is devolution?"
3549:West Lothian question
3144:2 autonomous cities:
3033:1 capital territory:
2815:1 capital territory:
1976:Autonomous republic:
1944:Other regional units
1867:
1860:Municipal corporation
1520:Congress of the Union
1327:Carruthers Commission
1281:Carrothers Commission
1273:Northwest Territories
1267:Northwest Territories
1206:Northwest Territories
1204:were carved from the
1008:
930:Democratic transition
793:Self-governing colony
390:Military dictatorship
4488:Symmetric federalism
4275:Government of Sweden
4242:"Kenya's Devolution"
3429:Overseas territories
3140:tax raising autonomy
2503:Prefectures of Japan
2157:1 Capital District,
2117:1 Capital District,
1938:Subdivisions article
1901:District of Columbia
1889:District of Columbia
1775:(Welsh Parliament),
1647:apellatio ad populum
1607:Spanish Constitution
1504:jefes delegacionales
1457:The Federal District
1218:Parliament of Canada
1141:voluntary euthanasia
1119:Legislative Assembly
107:improve this article
63:Devolved Parliament
4807:Forms of government
4728:Territorial dispute
4708:Military occupation
4622:Dependent territory
4584:Supranational union
4559:Multinational state
4356:Scotland and Wales.
4121:"Scotland Act 2016"
4101:. 19 September 2014
3855:"Flimsier footings"
3791:on August 11, 2007.
3493:Federalism in China
3411:Commonwealth realm
3334:Trinidad and Tobago
3308:Regions of Tanzania
3022:Commonwealth realm
2934:308 municipalities
2804:Commonwealth realm
2726:Two dependencies:
2701:Commonwealth realm
2657:12 provinces and 3
2326:(Tskhinvali region)
2062:Socialist republic
1941:Main regional units
1877:relationships with
1826:political party in
1769:Scottish Parliament
1706:Scottish Parliament
1471:president of Mexico
1011:Parliament of Åland
969:Politics portal
854:Supranational union
763:Dependent territory
676:National government
21:Page version status
4812:Political theories
4786:Tribal sovereignty
4532:Composite monarchy
4227:2018-09-09 at the
3433:Crown dependencies
3283:1 autonomous city
2939:Autonomous Regions
2230:Regions of Finland
2186:Regions of Denmark
1874:
1789:English devolution
1724:(Welsh Parliament)
1662:self-determination
1654:Catalan Government
1544:indigenous peoples
1534:Indigenous peoples
1496:head of government
1439:natural resources.
1361:The government of
1214:District of Ungava
1180:Manitoba Act, 1870
1126:Northern Territory
1071:creating devolved
1025:central government
1014:
27:
4794:
4793:
4589:Continental union
4483:Fiscal federalism
4453:Ethnic federalism
4347:Northern Ireland.
4327:Statistics Sweden
4298:"Regioner, lista"
4277:. 1 January 2015
4203:. Yorkshire Party
4024:. 10 January 2012
3899:. 6 November 2008
3808:www.eia.gov.nt.ca
3523:Scotland Act 2012
3472:
3471:
3210:Regions of Sweden
2589:independent state
2534:Counties of Kenya
2264:Regions of France
1906:U.S. Constitution
1805:Scotland Act 2016
1787:, which supports
1660:would be held on
1656:announced that a
1566:French government
1367:Nunavut Tunngavik
1285:Lester B. Pearson
1117:from 1979, and a
1115:House of Assembly
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925:Democracy indices
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512:Semi-presidential
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4756:Decentralization
4607:Associated state
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1609:of 1978 granted
1562:decentralisation
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1444:Yukon Government
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1182:, which created
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4288:
4273:(in Swedish).
4258:
4233:
4214:
4192:
4159:
4134:
4112:
4086:
4061:
4035:
4009:
3991:
3966:
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3913:
3884:
3844:
3833:birminghampost
3819:
3794:
3776:
3745:
3720:
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3680:
3655:
3630:
3618:Channel 4 News
3605:
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3526:
3520:
3514:
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3467:Qaraqalpaqstan
3464:
3461:
3456:
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3440:
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3435:
3426:
3423:
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3407:United Kingdom
3396:
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2822:
2821:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2802:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2780:South Atlantic
2777:
2775:North Atlantic
2769:
2766:
2761:
2758:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2724:
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2718:
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2473:
2468:
2465:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2423:Highland Papua
2420:
2415:
2405:
2400:
2392:
2389:
2384:
2381:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2312:
2303:independence:
2297:
2292:
2289:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2138:Czech Republic
2127:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2032:
2029:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:9 departments
2006:
2001:
1998:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1966:
1963:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1922:Regional state
1920:Main article:
1917:
1914:
1893:Main article:
1890:
1887:
1847:
1844:
1738:United Kingdom
1729:
1728:
1720:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:Main article:
1669:
1668:United Kingdom
1666:
1599:Main article:
1596:
1593:
1577:Basque Country
1554:Main article:
1551:
1548:
1535:
1532:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1432:
1425:
1385:
1382:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1268:
1265:
1208:. Portions of
1151:
1148:
1100:
1097:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
990:
983:
975:
972:
971:
958:
957:
952:
951:
950:
949:
947:Hybrid regimes
944:
939:
938:
937:
927:
922:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
898:
897:
896:
895:
890:
885:
880:
878:Regional power
875:
867:
866:
860:
859:
857:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
828:
827:
821:
820:
818:
817:
812:
807:
800:
795:
790:
785:
783:Puppet monarch
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
752:
751:
745:
744:
742:
741:
736:
731:
723:
722:
714:
711:
710:
707:
706:
701:
700:
699:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
660:
659:
654:
653:
648:
642:
639:
638:
636:
635:
634:
633:
628:
618:
616:State religion
610:
609:
607:
606:
603:
599:
596:
595:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
539:
538:
533:
532:
527:
521:
518:
517:
515:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
487:Constitutional
484:
479:
471:
470:
465:
464:
459:
453:
448:
446:Power ideology
445:
444:
441:
440:
435:
434:
432:
431:
426:
421:
413:
412:
410:(rule by none)
403:
402:
400:
399:
394:
393:
392:
382:
374:
373:
360:
359:
357:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
293:
292:
283:
282:
280:
279:
274:
269:
264:
262:Representative
259:
254:
249:
244:
236:
235:
220:
217:
216:
213:
212:
201:
200:
193:
192:
181:
180:
95:
93:
86:
50:
48:
39:12 August 2024
28:
22:
19:
17:
16:
15:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4829:
4818:
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4813:
4810:
4808:
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4802:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
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4759:
4757:
4754:
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4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
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4696:
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4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4637:Indirect rule
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4598:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
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4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4537:Dual monarchy
4535:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4503:Unitary state
4500:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
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4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4433:Confederation
4431:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4412:
4404:
4399:
4397:
4392:
4390:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4362:
4353:
4350:
4344:
4341:
4328:
4321:
4315:
4312:
4299:
4292:
4289:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4262:
4259:
4247:
4243:
4237:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4218:
4215:
4202:
4196:
4193:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4163:
4160:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4135:
4122:
4116:
4113:
4100:
4096:
4090:
4087:
4075:
4071:
4065:
4062:
4054:September 19,
4049:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4023:
4019:
4013:
4010:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3980:
3976:
3970:
3967:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3928:
3924:
3917:
3914:
3898:
3897:The Economist
3894:
3888:
3885:
3880:
3865:
3861:
3856:
3848:
3845:
3834:
3830:
3823:
3820:
3809:
3805:
3798:
3795:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3777:
3766:on 2007-08-08
3762:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3735:on 2007-09-28
3734:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3710:on 2022-07-02
3709:
3705:
3698:
3695:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3670:
3666:
3659:
3656:
3644:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3620:. 14 May 2015
3619:
3615:
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3606:
3594:
3588:
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3561:
3555:
3550:
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3539:
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3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3441:
3438:
3437:
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3427:
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3408:
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3324:
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3311:
3309:
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3303:
3301:
3290:
3287:
3286:
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3277:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3251:
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3246:
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3227:
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3220:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3205:
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3192:
3189:
3188:
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3182:
3179:
3176:
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3163:
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3159:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3097:
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3019:
3008:
3005:
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2866:
2865:
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2860:
2858:
2855:
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2850:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:20 provinces
2811:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2418:Central Papua
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2362:
2359:
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2348:
2346:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2325:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
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2288:
2277:
2274:
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2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2202:Faroe Islands
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1846:United States
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1797:David Cameron
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
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1643:
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1637:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1615:nationalities
1612:
1608:
1602:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1515:
1513:
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1505:
1501:
1497:
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1472:
1468:
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1456:
1451:
1445:
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1437:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1418:
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1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1333:
1328:
1320:
1318:
1311:
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1304:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1291:
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1278:
1274:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1210:Rupert's Land
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1189:
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1168:Rupert's Land
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834:Confederation
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729:Unitary state
727:
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709:
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631:State atheism
629:
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621:Secular state
619:
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525:Authoritarian
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502:Parliamentary
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124: –
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118:Find sources:
112:
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96:This article
94:
90:
85:
84:
81:
78:
74:
67:
66:
57:
40:
36:
32:
25:
4776:Subsidiarity
4672:Vassal state
4652:Puppet state
4647:Protectorate
4612:Client state
4510:
4352:
4343:
4331:. Retrieved
4314:
4302:. Retrieved
4291:
4279:. Retrieved
4261:
4249:. Retrieved
4236:
4217:
4205:. Retrieved
4201:"Devolution"
4195:
4184:. Retrieved
4173:The Guardian
4172:
4162:
4151:. Retrieved
4147:
4137:
4125:. Retrieved
4115:
4105:19 September
4103:. Retrieved
4099:The Guardian
4098:
4089:
4078:. Retrieved
4076:. 2014-09-16
4073:
4064:
4052:. Retrieved
4047:
4038:
4026:. Retrieved
4021:
4012:
4003:
3994:
3983:. Retrieved
3981:. 2013-12-12
3978:
3969:
3957:. Retrieved
3952:
3943:
3931:. Retrieved
3926:
3916:
3901:. Retrieved
3896:
3887:
3868:. Retrieved
3859:
3847:
3836:. Retrieved
3832:
3822:
3811:. Retrieved
3807:
3797:
3789:the original
3779:
3768:. Retrieved
3761:the original
3748:
3737:. Retrieved
3733:the original
3723:
3712:. Retrieved
3708:the original
3697:
3683:
3672:. Retrieved
3668:
3658:
3647:. Retrieved
3645:. 2014-01-08
3642:
3633:
3622:. Retrieved
3617:
3608:
3597:. Retrieved
3595:. 2010-04-29
3587:
3576:. Retrieved
3572:
3563:
3538:Subsidiarity
3420:Home Nations
3185:9 provinces
3069:9 provinces
3057:South Africa
3030:9 provinces
2829:Bougainville
2823:
2725:
2716:Cook Islands
2677:Sint Maarten
2584:
2581:Transnistria
2411:
2314:Two regions
2308:
2300:
2151:
2150:13 regions (
1898:
1875:
1817:
1793:
1735:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1633:
1622:
1614:
1604:
1570:
1559:
1537:
1524:
1516:
1508:delegaciones
1507:
1503:
1500:delegaciones
1499:
1492:
1484:delegaciones
1483:
1478:delegaciones
1460:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1387:
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1343:
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1324:
1315:
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1234:
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1221:
1202:Saskatchewan
1192:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1153:
1138:
1123:
1108:
1102:
1089:constitution
1059:
1053:
1016:
1015:
883:Middle power
838:
810:Vassal state
804:Buffer state
802:
778:Puppet state
773:Protectorate
749:Client state
739:Principality
565:Distributism
507:Presidential
385:Dictatorship
309:Gerontocracy
231:rule by many
204:
188:Part of the
169:
160:
150:
143:
136:
129:
122:"Devolution"
117:
105:Please help
100:verification
97:
80:
73:Subsidiarity
64:
38:
29:This is the
23:
4703:Irredentism
4681:Development
4662:Trusteeship
4627:Direct rule
4600:Subordinacy
4411:subdivision
3573:BBC Academy
3312:30 regions
3088:South Korea
2888:Philippines
2861:25 regions
2709:16 regions
2697:New Zealand
2645:Netherlands
2433:South Papua
2361:Mount Athos
2357:13 regions
2268:18 regions
2234:19 regions
2039:15 regions
1824:regionalist
1761:referendums
1467:Mexico City
1355:Nunavut Act
1306:management;
1290:Yellowknife
1253:Nunatsiavut
1144:legislation
1073:parliaments
1069:Legislation
1045:legislation
1033:subnational
888:Great power
873:Small power
815:Viceroyalty
686:Nationalism
550:Colonialism
530:Libertarian
492:Directorial
369:rule by one
349:Technocracy
344:Stratocracy
324:Meritocracy
314:Kleptocracy
304:Aristocracy
4801:Categories
4781:Suzerainty
4723:Separatism
4698:Detachment
4688:Annexation
4579:Superstate
4574:Real union
4511:Devolution
4478:Federation
4420:Federalism
4333:7 November
4304:7 November
4281:7 November
4186:2017-01-13
4153:2017-01-13
4080:2017-01-13
3985:2017-01-29
3838:2019-02-22
3813:2019-02-22
3770:2007-08-01
3739:2007-08-01
3714:2022-02-28
3674:2022-02-28
3649:2019-02-22
3624:2019-02-22
3599:2019-02-22
3578:2019-02-22
3487:Federalism
3451:Uzbekistan
3268:Tajikistan
2443:West Papua
2408:Yogyakarta
1978:Nakhchivan
1961:Azerbaijan
1850:See also:
1658:referendum
1332:plebiscite
1093:federalism
1077:assemblies
1056:federalism
1017:Devolution
893:Superpower
849:Superstate
844:Federation
839:Devolution
825:Federalism
666:City-state
339:Plutocracy
334:Particracy
198:government
133:newspapers
71:See also:
4766:Home rule
4718:Secession
4713:Partition
4251:5 January
4181:0261-3077
3959:12 August
3933:12 August
3903:25 August
3870:25 August
3505:Home rule
3499:Tiao-kuai
3455:Republic
3375:Republic
3338:Republic
3304:Republic
3272:Republic
3241:Republic
3177:Republic
3173:Sri Lanka
3092:Republic
3061:Republic
2988:Vojvodina
2974:Republic
2926:Republic
2892:Republic
2853:Republic
2760:Republic
2756:Nicaragua
2561:Republic
2467:Republic
2383:Republic
2379:Indonesia
2349:Republic
2291:Republic
2260:Republic
2226:Republic
2197:Greenland
2142:Republic
2106:Republic
2077:Hong Kong
2031:Republic
1828:Yorkshire
1763:, and in
1573:Occitania
1415:Yukon Act
1410:Yukon Act
1394:gold rush
1259:from the
1154:Although
1130:statehood
1104:Australia
1099:Australia
1021:statutory
720:Unitarism
696:Globalism
602:Religious
590:Tribalism
580:Socialism
575:Feudalism
560:Despotism
555:Communism
545:Anarchism
482:Communist
429:Stateless
419:Anarchism
380:Despotism
364:Autocracy
354:Theocracy
319:Kritarchy
287:Oligarchy
272:Socialist
226:Democracy
4761:Hegemony
4744:Autonomy
4737:See also
4632:Dominion
4458:Federacy
4231:website.
4225:Archived
4207:27 April
4148:BBC News
4022:BBC News
4004:BBC News
3979:BBC News
3864:Archived
3475:See also
3316:Zanzibar
3300:Tanzania
2997:Metohija
2922:Portugal
2627:Wa State
2585:de facto
2576:Gagauzia
2309:de facto
2305:Abkhazia
2301:de facto
2102:Colombia
1883:Congress
1754:Scotland
1611:autonomy
1589:Brittany
1402:Winnipeg
1246:Labrador
1224:and the
1184:Manitoba
1174:and the
1128:refused
1081:repealed
1049:autonomy
768:Dominion
497:Legalist
477:Absolute
462:Republic
457:Monarchy
329:Noocracy
299:Anocracy
252:Economic
242:Demarchy
163:May 2008
65:(Banksy)
35:reviewed
4693:Cession
4642:Mandate
4127:11 June
4028:30 June
3371:Ukraine
3153:Melilla
3037:Honiara
2950:Madeira
2731:Tokelau
2672:Curaçao
2610:Myanmar
2557:Moldova
2412:de jure
2403:Jakarta
2324:Ossetia
2287:Georgia
2222:Finland
2178:Denmark
1996:Bolivia
1836:England
1736:In the
1636:Spanish
1613:to the
1581:Corsica
1374:Nunavut
1363:Nunavut
1321:Nunavut
1238:Nunavut
1198:Alberta
1079:can be
1065:unitary
1061:de jure
1019:is the
910:Related
605:Secular
570:Fascism
407:Anarchy
397:Tyranny
257:Liberal
147:scholar
4617:Colony
4547:Empire
4525:Unions
4179:
3448:
3404:
3387:Crimea
3368:
3353:Tobago
3331:
3297:
3265:
3237:Taiwan
3234:
3202:Sweden
3199:
3170:
3117:
3085:
3054:
3015:
2995:&
2993:Kosovo
2970:Serbia
2967:
2945:Azores
2919:
2885:
2846:
2797:
2753:
2694:
2642:
2607:
2554:
2523:
2492:
2460:
2376:
2345:Greece
2342:
2322:South
2318:Adjara
2284:
2256:France
2253:
2219:
2175:
2159:Prague
2135:
2119:Bogotá
2099:
2055:
2024:
1993:
1958:
1858:, and
1809:Brexit
1773:Senedd
1765:London
1748:, for
1722:Senedd
1587:, and
1585:Alsace
1575:, the
1550:France
1452:Mexico
1398:Dawson
1277:Ottawa
1178:. The
1156:Canada
1150:Canada
734:Empire
646:Global
277:Others
267:Social
247:Direct
149:
142:
135:
128:
120:
4323:(PDF)
3764:(PDF)
3757:(PDF)
3556:Notes
3439:1991
3395:1999
3359:1996
3322:1976
3288:1977
3256:1992
3225:1950
3190:1992
3161:1987
3148:Ceuta
3120:Spain
3108:1978
3076:1948
3045:1996
3006:1978
2958:2006
2910:1976
2876:1987
2837:1993
2788:1975
2744:1986
2685:1986
2667:Aruba
2633:1954
2598:1989
2545:1991
2526:Kenya
2514:1964
2495:Japan
2483:1947
2463:Italy
2451:1946
2428:Papua
2367:1950
2333:1975
2275:1991
2244:1982
2238:Åland
2210:1919
2166:1849
2152:kraje
2126:1992
2090:1991
2082:Macau
2058:China
2046:1949
2027:Chile
2015:1980
1984:2009
1949:1995
1932:State
1822:is a
1750:Wales
1595:Spain
1390:Yukon
1384:Yukon
1340:Inuit
1249:Inuit
1194:Yukon
1132:in a
1037:local
1027:of a
651:Local
154:JSTOR
140:books
4335:2022
4306:2022
4283:2022
4253:2016
4209:2019
4177:ISSN
4129:2016
4107:2014
4056:2014
4030:2014
3961:2024
3935:2024
3905:2010
3872:2010
3669:VOCM
3393:1998
2868:Lima
2849:Peru
2736:Ross
2721:Niue
2398:Aceh
1929:Year
1830:, a
1818:The
1779:and
1752:and
1626:and
1605:The
1271:The
1200:and
1124:The
1109:The
1009:The
126:news
75:and
2587:an
1834:of
1075:or
109:by
37:on
4803::
4325:.
4244:.
4175:.
4171:.
4146:.
4097:.
4072:.
4046:.
4020:.
4002:.
3977:.
3951:.
3925:.
3895:.
3862:.
3858:.
3831:.
3806:.
3667:.
3641:.
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3431:,
3422:)
3212:,
3135:)
2941::
2937:2
2154:)
1854:,
1771:,
1638::
1631:)
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1514:.
1297:.
1190:.
1146:.
1095:.
1067:.
1051:.
33:,
4402:e
4395:t
4388:v
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4109:.
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3988:.
3963:.
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3907:.
3881:)
3877:(
3874:.
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3717:.
3691:.
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3627:.
3602:.
3581:.
3418:(
3131:(
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2410:(
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371:)
367:(
233:)
229:(
176:)
170:(
165:)
161:(
151:·
144:·
137:·
130:·
103:.
68:.
58:.
41:.
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