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245:, or document certifying their status as leper. With this paper, the leper was legally allowed to beg. According to tradition, a leper would be cured after begging a certain amount of money. When a vuilbrief expired, the subject could request a new one. This privilege meant a guaranteed form of income for this institution, since it also meant a steady stream of visitors and accompanying traffic.
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decided to stay there, and doing so meant that all of their possessions reverted to the
Dolhuys on their death. With a reduction of lepers, the house was converted to a poorhouse for children in 1653. Though it doubled as a home for poor children, the Dolhuys was sometimes still called "Leproos-huis"
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It wasn't until the 19th century that the regents of the
Dolhuys actively worked on curing the inmates. The purpose until then was just to provide a safe place to stay for inmates who were dangerous to themselves or to society at large. Lepers who were not sick lived in "Akkerzieken", or homesteads
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situated outside the city walls for lepers, plague victims, and other sufferers considered by the city council to have infectious diseases. In council archives, it is often referred to as "De
Siecken" ("The Sick"), since that was the name of the street it was on (now the Schotersingel). The Dolhuys
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The museum cafe is situated in the old St. James church and has its own entrance around the back of the complex. There is no admission, and it can be hired separately for parties or gatherings. There is also a rear hall that can be used for gatherings. Theatre performances and poetry readings have
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Jan de Bray also painted the regentesses, who took care of the finances and the daily running of the hospital. The names of the regents and regentesses are known from archive information, but which names belong to which faces have been lost. The regent's meeting room, which had handpainted wall
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The collection is based on the artifacts of seven psychiatric hospitals; GGZ Noord-HollandNoord, Mentrum, De Meren, Buitenamstel, GGZ Dijk en Duin, De
Geestgronden, and Rivierduinen. It is an interactive museum. The visitor is encouraged to think about the contrasts between sanity and insanity,
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Apart from the history of the building itself, the visitor can see items from surrounding mental institutions through the centuries. The main hall is devoted to an overview of the history of psychiatry treatment in the
Netherlands. The museum is the owner of the archives of several former
272:(clapper), a wooden rattle that he can use to call attention and beg with. His young age and the fact that he is unaccompanied means that he is probably an orphan inmate, who will be sent by the regents to collect money in Haarlem for their hospital.
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in 1960 and later published in 1973. Verwer was a wealthy member of the
Haarlem city council, as was his father. His father was listed in 1577 as one of the 20 richest men of Haarlem. During the siege of Haarlem the Spanish had their headquarters in
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between visitors and inmates, and between participants and observers. On display are the various personal effects of famous inmates of psychiatric hospitals, as well as old treatment methods and tools used by the hospitals themselves.
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438:, and was considered dead for the state, though the person was still alive. Some patients did in fact improve and leave, but many died there. A famous inmate who lived quite a long time was
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One of the oldest keystones in the front of the complex shows the year 1564. In the 16th and 17th centuries the
Dolhuys regents became quite wealthy, because many lepers coming for their
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401:. This is the oldest St. James chapel in Haarlem still standing; the oldest St. James chapel (1319) was located at the current location of the St. Jacobsgodshuis in the Hagestraat.
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lost many members of his family in that outbreak, and they were probably cared for in the
Dolhuys, where he won a commission to paint the regents three years later.
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167:, the Netherlands, merged with the Outsider Art Museum from Amsterdam. Het Dolhuys had been founded in 2005 in the newly renovated former old-age home known as
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687:, Dagboek van gebeurtenissen te Haarlem van 1572–1581, originally by Willem Janszoon Verwer, 1973 edition with notes by Haarlem archivist J.J. Temminck in the
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In 2005 the museum won the Dutch Design Prize in the category ‘Exhibition & Experience Design’. In 2007 the museum received an honorable mention for
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Perhaps the most famous regent today of the medieval
Dolhuys was Willem Janszoon Verwer, who kept a diary, most notably of his experiences during the
233:(annexed by Haarlem in 1927). What made this one so unusual was the privilege granted to Haarlem in 1413 to test lepers from all over the provinces
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institutions and has a small exhibition hall for rotating shows based on their possessions, and also art from former psychiatry patients.
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The
Dolhuys was a charitable institution for the elderly, orphans, lepers, and other poor or sick people who could not be helped by the
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359:. Executions by hanging were carried out close to the Dolhuys, because soldiers were stationed there, and Verwer was a witness. He was
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In the painting by Jan de Bray of the regents of the Dolhuys, a boy with head sores is seen collecting his vuilbrief and holding a
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639:"Meer dan Steen - Haarlemse gebedshuizen vroeger en nu", Historical Werkgroup "Vereniging Haerlem"; editor: Leny Wijnands, 2007.
184:, located in the Amsterdam part of the museum, shows artwork created by artists who only listen to the voice within themselves.
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In Amsterdam, the museum van de geest | Outsider Art shows leading art works by national and international Outsider Artists.
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Located at Amstel 51 1018 EJ Amsterdam it is where artists show their inner world to the outside world through outsider art.
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and his diary is written from this perspective. He later used his diary in court proceedings in Haarlem after the siege.
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stuck van een keucken, wesende eenen Rijckeman en Lasarus, en staet buyten Haerlem tot de Siecken
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in Akendam, an area north of Schoten, where they had rights to health services from the Dolhuys.
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The whole Het Dolhuys complex is much older, having for centuries been a hospital known as the
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and later, "Pest-huis" when an outbreak of plague hit Haarlem in 1664. The painter
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In former times, patients were also set to work making shoes, rugs, or field work.
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Former lockup cell for the insane within the Dolhuys complex. "Dol" meant "crazy".
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within the city walls of Haarlem. Originally, the complex was a monastery in the
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was misunderstood, and any disease considered fatal and contagious, such as
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Regent's room Dolhuys, with wall decorations by Augustini, 1756
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Sketch of the siege of Haarlem with the Dolhuys on the right.
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Former winter coat of a patient who embroidered the lining.
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from 1572 to 1581. This diary was copied and annotated by
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Medical and health organisations based in the Netherlands
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Restaurant for museum visitors, as well as park visitors.
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Keystone above entrance says "Haarlem old age home, 1704"
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Location: Schotersingel 2, Haarlem, just north of the
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Visitors "listen" to patient oral histories using a
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View of the complex from the park across the Singel
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
446:, probably while his son Peter was living there.
151:("Museum of the Mind") was created in 2020 when
280:installed in 1756, has recently been restored.
689:Digitale Bibliotheek der Nederlandse Letteren
304:Regentesses of the Dolhuys, Jan de Bray, 1667
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224:Like many other Dutch cities, Haarlem had a
397:. The accompanying chapel was dedicated to
292:Regents of the Dolhuys, Jan de Bray, 1667
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
450:History of Psychiatry in the Netherlands
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593:The European Museum of the Year Award
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697:Digital library for Dutch literature
129:Psychiatry museum in the Netherlands
55:adding citations to reliable sources
475:Former gable stone of a Dolhuys in
229:was situated in the former town of
220:Rightmost building shows date 1564.
772:Medical museums in the Netherlands
595:, in 2022 it won this same prize.
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649:Report on history and possessions
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178:(Leper, Plague, and Mad House).
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653:St. Elisabeth Gasthuis, Haarlem
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155:("The Madhouse"), the national
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526:Old church, now a restaurant
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380:Pieter Cornelisz van Rijck
176:Leproos-, Pest- en Dolhuys
767:Rijksmonuments in Haarlem
376:Lazarus and the rich man
657:Adriaan Justus Enschedé
600:Haarlem railway station
209:History of the complex
673:in Karel van Mander's
550:Former church entrance
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395:Order of Saint Lazarus
391:St. Elisabeth Gasthuis
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352:Gerdina Hendrika Kurtz
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334:Willem Janszoon Verwer
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620:"Museum van de Geest"
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367:Order of Sint Lazarus
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66:"Museum van de Geest"
733:52.39028°N 4.63778°E
509:Adjoining Restaurant
188:Museum of Psychiatry
51:improve this article
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622:. 20 February 2021.
149:Museum van de Geest
777:History of Haarlem
762:Museums in Haarlem
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49:Please help
44:verification
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440:Malle Babbe
399:Saint James
259:Jan de Bray
211:Het Dolhuys
198:stethoscope
153:Het Dolhuys
107:August 2022
751:Categories
721:52°23′25″N
606:References
444:Frans Hals
161:psychiatry
77:newspapers
724:4°38′16″E
477:Den Bosch
420:small pox
254:vuilbrief
243:vuilbrief
651:of the
436:melaats
432:leproos
428:Lazarus
424:lazerij
416:Leprosy
410:Melaats
406:Leproos
270:klepper
239:Zeeland
235:Holland
231:Schoten
226:hospice
165:Haarlem
91:scholar
18:Dolhuis
659:, 1860
587:Awards
564:Dutch
157:museum
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98:JSTOR
84:books
693:DBNL
237:and
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