51:
27:
518:
At various times, Eutyches taught that the human nature of Christ was overcome by the divine or that Christ had a human nature but it was unlike the rest of humanity. One formulation is that
Eutychianism stressed the unity of Christ's nature to such an extent that Christ's divinity consumed his
722:). The distinction of the stance was that the incarnate Christ has one nature, but it is still of both a divine character and a human character and retains all the characteristics of both, with no mingling, confusion or change of either nature. Miaphysites condemned Eutychianism.
679:. The Council of Ephesus did not answer the question of how the human and divine interrelated in the person of Christ; it seemingly rejected any attempted answer that stressed the duality of Christ's natures to the expense of his unity as a single
888:, ed. A. Richardson and J. Bowden (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1983). The charges against Nestorius, who supposedly taught that there were "two Christs", were probably distortions of his teachings. However, he seemingly taught a radical
695:, which clearly distinguished between person and nature by stating that Christ is one person in two natures but emphasized that the natures are "without confusion, without change, without division, without separation".
600:(325). Especially among the Greek-speaking Christians, attention turned to how to understand how the second person of the Trinity became incarnate in the person of Jesus Christ. The
655:
employed the term, "persons") were conjoined in Jesus Christ: one human (the man) and one divine (the Word). Thus, Mary should not be considered the God-bearer (
994:
630:
941:
804:
777:
750:
451:
989:
626:
of the
Council provided a detailed explanation of how God became human in the person of Jesus, leaving the door open for speculation.
965:
847:
999:
423:
615:
124:
111:
444:
88:
668:
527:
two natures: separate divine and human natures had united and blended in such a manner that although Jesus was
820:
643:
593:
305:
265:
116:
206:
160:
130:
893:
619:
149:
984:
541:
437:
247:
105:
706:
652:
629:
One such theory of how the human and divine interact in the person of Jesus was put forward by the
417:
237:
201:
892:, an emphasis on the two natures of Christ instead of on one person of Christ. See, for example,
676:
557:
553:
472:
50:
740:
961:
937:
843:
800:
773:
746:
638:
144:
136:
309:
260:
183:
178:
871:
Nicene Creed, trans. by the
English Language Liturgical Consultation (ELLC), published in
611:
568:
As the
Christian Church grew and developed, the complexity of its understanding of the
242:
70:
20:
519:
humanity as the ocean consumes a drop of vinegar. Eutyches maintained that Christ was
978:
480:
360:
344:
661:) since she only contributed to and bore the human nature of Christ, making her the
16:
Specific understanding of how the human and divine relate within the person of Jesus
927:
914:
889:
702:
692:
663:
648:
601:
592:
with the assertion of the divinity of Jesus of
Nazareth was largely settled at the
581:
499:
484:
404:
399:
368:
355:
339:
328:
295:
225:
931:
794:
767:
698:
577:
573:
507:
503:
386:
323:
290:
252:
166:
93:
42:
589:
529:
381:
910:
657:
634:
623:
545:
373:
576:
also grew and developed. It's important to understand the controversies of
933:
Systematic
Theology, Second Edition: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine
597:
476:
315:
189:
796:
Biblical
Commentaries from the Canterbury School of Theodore and Hadrian
26:
672:
569:
394:
218:
483:
understanding of how the human and divine relate within the person of
585:
76:
821:"Date and Provenance of the Syriac Cave of Treasures: A Reappraisal"
584:, as they are ideally united as one, the latter seen as the body of
622:
and became truly human." However, neither the Nicene Creed nor the
709:, the chief opponent of Nestorianism, who had spoken of the "one (
606:
549:
25:
556:. The reaction against Eutychianism also led to the schism with
742:
Invitation to Church
History: World: The Story of Christianity
714:
958:
Saint Cyril of
Alexandria and the Christological Controversy
495:
two, with the humanity of Christ subsumed by the divinity.
641:
of theology, taught that in the incarnation two distinct
900:, ed. Everett Furgeson (New York: Garland Pub, 1997).
793:
Theodorus (Cantuarensis); Hadrianus; Becher (1994).
667:. Nestorius and his teachings were condemned by the
769:The Dyophysite Christology of Cyril of Alexandria
691:In response to Eutychianism, the Council adopted
886:The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Theology
647:("substances" or, as Nestorius' critics such as
588:. The issue of how to reconcile the claims of
862:(Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1994) 281-282.
445:
8:
799:. Cambridge University Press. p. 11.
637:(c. 386–451). Nestorius, a student of the
452:
438:
33:
604:said of Jesus that he was "of one Being (
713:) nature of the Word of God incarnate" (
502:by their adversaries, who accused their
731:
701:rejected that definition as verging on
41:
720:mia physis tou theou logou sesarkōmenē
705:and instead adhered to the wording of
479:(c. 380 – c. 456). Eutychianism is a
7:
830:,1 (2017): 129–229, esp. at 141–145.
716:μία φύσις τοῦ θεοῦ λόγου σεσαρκωμένη
614:" and that he "was incarnate of the
475:doctrines derived from the ideas of
30:Eutychianist view of Christ's nature
936:. Zondervan Academic. p. 693.
860:Christian Theology: An Introduction
898:Encyclopedia of Early Christianity
14:
825:Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies
540:Eutychianism was rejected at the
745:. Kregel Academic. p. 153.
739:John D. Hannah (26 March 2019).
580:regarding its parallel with the
49:
683:(understood to mean "person").
498:Eutychians were often labelled
471:, refers to a set of Christian
995:Heresy in ancient Christianity
842:, David Christie-Murray, 1976
766:Hans van Loon (7 April 2009).
1:
533:with the Father, he was not
631:Patriarch of Constantinople
1016:
990:Oriental Orthodox theology
715:
675:in 431, which defined the
582:organisation of the church
477:Eutyches of Constantinople
18:
542:Fourth Ecumenical Council
896:, "Nestorianism" in the
669:Third Ecumenical Council
594:First Ecumenical Council
285:Christological doctrines
1000:Nature of Jesus Christ
956:John McGuckin (2004),
687:Eutyches and Chalcedon
131:Communicatio idiomatum
31:
894:Susan Ashbrook Harvey
772:. BRILL. p. 33.
564:Historical background
29:
523:two natures but not
487:, with Christ being
424:Lutheran Christology
909:For more info, see
840:A History of Heresy
707:Cyril of Alexandria
653:Cyril of Alexandria
506:of reducing Jesus'
418:Extra calvinisticum
37:Part of a series on
884:"Nestorianism" in
677:Church of the East
558:Oriental Orthodoxy
554:Chalcedonian Creed
550:statement of faith
469:Real Monophysitism
32:
19:For the pope, see
943:978-0-310-51799-3
858:Alister McGrath,
806:978-0-521-33089-3
779:978-90-474-2669-1
752:978-0-8254-2775-6
639:Antiochene school
462:
461:
137:Consubstantiality
1007:
969:
954:
948:
947:
928:Grudem, Wayne A.
924:
918:
907:
901:
882:
876:
873:Praying Together
869:
863:
856:
850:
837:
831:
817:
811:
810:
790:
784:
783:
763:
757:
756:
736:
718:
717:
612:(God) the Father
574:person of Christ
467:, also known as
454:
447:
440:
261:Threefold office
179:Hypostatic union
125:Active obedience
71:Christ (Messiah)
53:
34:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1004:
975:
974:
973:
972:
955:
951:
944:
926:
925:
921:
908:
904:
883:
879:
870:
866:
857:
853:
838:
834:
818:
814:
807:
792:
791:
787:
780:
765:
764:
760:
753:
738:
737:
733:
728:
689:
566:
548:in 451 and the
516:
510:to a phantasm.
491:one nature and
458:
429:
428:
411:By denomination
391:
365:
349:
333:
281:
280:
271:
270:
257:
231:
211:
195:
172:
154:
121:
98:
82:
63:
62:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1013:
1011:
1003:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
977:
976:
971:
970:
949:
942:
930:(2020-12-08).
919:
902:
877:
864:
851:
832:
819:Sergey Minov,
812:
805:
785:
778:
758:
751:
730:
729:
727:
724:
688:
685:
565:
562:
537:with the man.
515:
512:
460:
459:
457:
456:
449:
442:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
421:
413:
412:
408:
407:
402:
397:
392:
390:
389:
387:Homoiousianism
384:
378:
376:
371:
366:
364:
363:
358:
352:
350:
348:
347:
342:
336:
334:
332:
331:
326:
320:
318:
313:
303:
298:
293:
287:
286:
282:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
269:
268:
263:
258:
256:
255:
250:
245:
240:
234:
232:
230:
229:
222:
214:
212:
210:
209:
204:
198:
196:
194:
193:
186:
181:
175:
173:
171:
170:
163:
157:
155:
153:
152:
147:
141:
139:
134:
127:
122:
120:
119:
114:
109:
101:
99:
97:
96:
91:
85:
83:
81:
80:
73:
67:
64:
60:
59:
58:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
21:Pope Eutychian
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1012:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
980:
967:
966:0-88141-259-7
963:
959:
953:
950:
945:
939:
935:
934:
929:
923:
920:
916:
912:
906:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
881:
878:
874:
868:
865:
861:
855:
852:
849:
848:0-19-285210-8
845:
841:
836:
833:
829:
826:
822:
816:
813:
808:
802:
798:
797:
789:
786:
781:
775:
771:
770:
762:
759:
754:
748:
744:
743:
735:
732:
725:
723:
721:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
694:
686:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
665:
660:
659:
654:
650:
646:
645:
640:
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
563:
561:
559:
555:
552:known as the
551:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
531:
526:
522:
513:
511:
509:
505:
501:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
455:
450:
448:
443:
441:
436:
435:
433:
432:
425:
422:
420:
419:
415:
414:
410:
409:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
388:
385:
383:
382:Homoousionism
380:
379:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
362:
361:Monophysitism
359:
357:
354:
353:
351:
346:
345:Monothelitism
343:
341:
338:
337:
335:
330:
327:
325:
322:
321:
319:
317:
314:
311:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
288:
284:
283:
275:
274:
267:
264:
262:
259:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
235:
233:
228:
227:
223:
221:
220:
216:
215:
213:
208:
205:
203:
200:
199:
197:
192:
191:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
174:
169:
168:
164:
162:
159:
158:
156:
151:
148:
146:
143:
142:
140:
138:
135:
133:
132:
128:
126:
123:
118:
117:Pre-existence
115:
113:
110:
108:
107:
103:
102:
100:
95:
92:
90:
87:
86:
84:
79:
78:
74:
72:
69:
68:
66:
65:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
36:
35:
28:
22:
957:
952:
932:
922:
915:Nestorianism
905:
897:
890:dyophysitism
885:
880:
872:
867:
859:
854:
839:
835:
827:
824:
815:
795:
788:
768:
761:
741:
734:
719:
710:
703:Nestorianism
697:
693:dyophysitism
690:
680:
664:Christotokos
662:
656:
649:John Cassian
642:
628:
605:
602:Nicene Creed
567:
539:
534:
528:
524:
520:
517:
500:Phantasiasts
497:
492:
488:
485:Jesus Christ
468:
465:Eutychianism
464:
463:
416:
405:Theopaschism
400:Nestorianism
369:Miaphysitism
356:Dyophysitism
340:Dyothelitism
329:Monoenergism
306:Chalcedonism
301:Eutychianism
300:
296:Apollinarism
226:Syncatabasis
224:
217:
207:Intercession
188:
165:
129:
104:
75:
985:Christology
699:Miaphysites
620:Virgin Mary
616:Holy Spirit
578:Christology
508:incarnation
504:Christology
481:monophysite
473:theological
324:Dyoenergism
291:Adoptionism
150:Humiliation
112:Incarnation
94:God the Son
43:Christology
979:Categories
968:p140 et al
726:References
681:hypostasis
671:, held in
644:hypostases
590:monotheism
570:Triune God
535:homoousion
530:homoousion
395:Homoianism
248:Perfection
145:Exaltation
89:Son of God
911:Nestorius
658:Theotokos
635:Nestorius
546:Chalcedon
374:Henotikon
279:Doctrines
238:Knowledge
202:Imitation
618:and the
596:held at
572:and the
514:Overview
316:Docetism
266:Redeemer
190:Prosopon
167:Homoiōma
61:Concepts
875:(1988).
673:Ephesus
610:) with
219:Kenosis
161:God-man
964:
940:
846:
803:
776:
749:
624:canons
598:Nicaea
586:Christ
253:Wisdom
184:Person
77:Kyrios
607:ousia
106:Logos
962:ISBN
938:ISBN
913:and
844:ISBN
801:ISBN
774:ISBN
747:ISBN
651:and
243:Love
711:mia
544:in
310:Neo
981::
960:,
828:20
823:,
633:,
560:.
525:in
521:of
493:of
489:in
946:.
917:.
809:.
782:.
755:.
453:e
446:t
439:v
312:)
308:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
