656:
64:
889:
1284:
2001:
341:
1002:
710:
1384:
913:
901:
1160:
209:), and the other holds flammable liquid, typically some form of petrochemical. A three-cylinder system often has two outer cylinders of flammable liquid and a central cylinder of propellant gas to maintain the balance of the soldier carrying it. The gas propels the liquid fuel out of the cylinder through a flexible pipe and then into the gun element of the flamethrower system. The gun consists of a small reservoir, a spring-loaded valve, and an ignition system; depressing a trigger opens the valve, allowing pressurized flammable liquid to flow and pass over the
1192:
993:, based on a Soviet version of the weapon. This was essentially a disposable, single use flamethrower that was buried alongside conventional land mines at key defensive points and triggered by either a trip-wire or a command wire. The weapon contained around 30 litres (8 US gal) of fuel, that was discharged within a second, to a second and a half, producing a flame with a 14-metre (15 yd) range. One defensive installation found in Italy included seven of the weapons, carefully concealed and wired to a central control point.
706:
flammable oil into and through a rubber tube and over a simple igniting wick device in a steel nozzle. The weapon projected a jet of fire and enormous clouds of smoke some 18 metres (20 yd). It was a single-shot weaponâfor burst firing, a new igniter section was attached each time. In 1905 Fiedler's flamethrower was demonstrated to the
Prussian Committee of Engineers. In 1908 Fiedler started working with Reddeman and made some adjustments to the design; an experimental pioneer company was created to further test the weapon.
1268:
172:
1300:
1433:
1180:
262:
45:
1249:
1312:
1100:
444:
1449:
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casemates; a long pole was used to reach the target and the lanyard was pulled to ignite the fuel; producing a 2-metre (7 ft) long stream of fire. Those weapons were deployed in six-man teams and were limited by their short range. In theory the Brandröhre was replaced by the flamethrower in 1909 but it was still in use in WW1; it was used during the assaults on Fort du Camp-des-Romains in 1914 and
930:) during their invasion of the Netherlands and France, against fixed fortifications. World War II German army flamethrowers tended to have one large fuel tank with the pressurizer tank fastened to its back or side. Some German army flamethrowers occupied only the lower part of its wearer's back, leaving the upper part of his back free for an ordinary rucksack.
404:, probably about 673. Byzantine texts described weapons, used by Byzantine land forces, which were shooting Greek fire and called cheirosiphona (ÏΔÎčÏÎżÏÎŻÏÏΜα, meaning hand-held siphons, singular ÏΔÎčÏÎżÏÎŻÏÏÎœÎż). The flamethrower found its origins in a device consisting of a hand-held pump that shot bursts of Greek fire via a
705:
in 1901. The most significant model submitted was a portable device, consisting of a vertical single cylinder 1.2 metres (4 ft) long, horizontally divided in two, with pressurized gas in the lower section and flammable oil in the upper section. On depressing a lever the propellant gas forced the
541:
state by 976 AD, early Song naval forces confronted them on the
Yangtze River in 975. Southern Tang forces attempted to use flamethrowers against the Song navy, but were accidentally consumed by their own fire when violent winds swept in their direction. Documented also in later Chinese publications,
257:
The flamethrower's effective range is short in comparison with that of other battlefield weapons of similar size. To be effective, flamethrower soldiers must approach their target, risking exposure to enemy fire. Vehicular flamethrowers also have this problem; they may have considerably greater range
1681:
towed by a tractor to spray 2,700 L (590 imp gal; 710 US gal) of a petrol/diesel mix to engulf the base in flames, and then opened fire with rifles and an anti-tank rocket launcher. Another IRA unit carried two attacks in less than a year with another improvised flamethrower
1366:
with "CWS-POA-H" for "Chemical
Warfare Service Pacific Ocean Area, Hawaii" plus a flamethrower number. The Marines had previously deployed large Navy flamethrowers mounted on LVT-4 AMTRACs at Peleliu. Late in the war, both services operated LVT-4 and â5 amphibious flametanks in limited numbers. Both
1357:
flamethrowers, finding them useful in clearing
Japanese trench and bunker complexes. The first known USMC use of the man portable flamethrower was against the formidable defenses at Tarawa in November 1943. The Marines pioneered the use of Ronson-equipped M-3 Stuart tanks in the Marianas. These were
757:
adopted German designs; but also developed its own flamethrowers in 1915. These included the 50 litres (13 US gal) M.15 Flammenwerfer, which required a crew of three men and was too unwieldy for offensive use; a defensive 200 litres (53 US gal) model and a more portable 22 litres
609:
chief engineer Vasily
Dmitrievich Korchmin designed various incendiary weapons.such as incendiary rockets and furnaces for heating cannonball; two Russian ships the âSvyatoy Yakovâ and âLandsouâ were armed with flamethrower tubes designed by him. He also developed instructions for their use together
320:
Liquid-operated flamethrowers use a smaller tank with a pressurized gas to expel the flammable liquid fuel. The propellant gas is fed to two tubes. The first opens in the fuel tanks providing the pressure necessary for expelling the liquid. The other tube leads to an ignition chamber behind the exit
1322:
In the
Pacific theatre, the U.S. Army used M-1 and M-2 flamethrowers to clear stubborn Japanese resistance from prepared defenses, caves, and trenches. Starting in New Guinea, through the closing stages on Guadalcanal and during the approach to and reconquest of the Philippines and then through the
741:
The flamethrower was useful at short distances but had other limitations: it was cumbersome and difficult to operate and could only be safely fired from a trench, which limited its use to areas where the opposing trenches were less than the maximum range of the weapon, namely 18 m (20 yd)
1374:
In cases where the
Japanese were entrenched in deep caves, the flames often consumed the available oxygen, suffocating the occupants. Many Japanese troops interviewed post war said they were terrified more by flamethrowers than any other American weapon. Flamethrower operators were often the first
287:
bursts outward when punctured. The fuel mixture in the containers is difficult to light, which is why magnesium-filled igniters are required when the weapon is fired. When pierced by a bullet, a metal can filled with diesel or napalm will merely leak unless the round is an incendiary type that may
725:
It was not until 1911 that the German Army accepted their first real flamethrowing device, creating a specialist regiment of twelve companies equipped with
Flammenwerfer Apparent. Despite this, use of fire in a World War I battle predated flamethrower use, with a petrol spray being ignited by an
232:
gas as the fuel in flamethrowers in movies, for the safety of the actors). Contemporary flamethrowers can incinerate a target some 50â100 metres (160â330 ft) from the operator; moreover, an unignited stream of flammable liquid can be fired and afterwards ignited, possibly by a lamp or other
1326:
Often flamethrower teams were made up of combat engineer units, later with troops of the chemical warfare service. The Army fielded more flamethrower units than the Marine Corps, and the Army's
Chemical Warfare Service pioneered tank mounted flamethrowers on Sherman tanks (CWS-POA H-4). All the
667:
Before WW1 German pioneers used the Brandröhre M.95 a weapon consisting of a sheet metal tube (125 mm (4.9 in) wide and 1.2 m (3.9 ft) long) filled with an incendiary mixture, and a friction igniter activated by a lanyard. The Brandröhre was designed to be used against enemy
1884:
with a fine not exceeding $ 10,000 (CA H&W 12761). Licenses to use flamethrowers are issued by the state fire marshal, and they may use any criteria for issuing or not issuing that license which is deemed fit, but must publish those criteria in the
California Code of Regulations, Title 11,
1225:
tanks in the European theatre. These tanks proved very effective against German defensive positions, and caused official Axis protests against their use. This flamethrower could produce a jet of flame exceeding 140 metres (150 yd). There are documented instances of German units summarily
1391:
The FOG-1 and â2 flamethrowers were stationary devices used in defense. They could also be categorized as a projecting incendiary mine. The FOG had only one cylinder of fuel, which was compressed using an explosive charge and projected through a nozzle. The November 1944 issue of the US War
1875:
In California, unlicensed possession of a flame-throwing deviceâstatutorily defined as "any non-stationary and transportable device designed or intended to emit or propel a burning stream of combustible or flammable liquid a distance of at least 10 feet (3.0 m)" H&W 12750 (a)âis a
236:
Flamethrowers pose many risks to the operator. The first disadvantage is the weapon's weight and length, which impairs the soldier's mobility. The weapon is limited to only a few seconds of burn time, since it uses fuel very quickly, requiring the operator to be precise and conservative.
734:, where the lines were 4.5 m (4.9 yd) apartâeven there, the casualties were caused mainly by soldiers being flushed into the open and then shot rather than from the fire itself. After two days of fighting the British had suffered casualties of 31 officers and 751 other ranks.
321:
of the gun assembly, where it is mixed with air and ignited through piezo ignition. This pre-ignition line is the source of the flame seen in front of the gun assembly in movies and documentaries. As the fuel passes through the flame, it is ignited and propelled towards the target.
1694:, and the second on 12 November 1993. The device used as launcher was also a manure spreader, which doused the facility with fuel, ignited few seconds later by a small explosion. In the 1993 action, a nine-metre-high fireball engulfed the tower for seven minutes. The four
269:
The risk of a flamethrower operator being caught in the explosion of their weapon due to enemy hits on the tanks is exaggerated in films. In some cases, the pressure tanks have exploded and killed the operator when hit by bullets or grenade shrapnel. In the documentary
613:
In the 1750s a French engineer named Dupre, developed a new flammable mixture; it was tested in LeHavre and set fire to a sloop. During the British shelling of LeHavre in 1759, the French War Minister tried to obtain authorization to use this fuel.
1327:
flamethrower tanks on Okinawa belonged to the 713th Provisional Tank Battalion, which was tasked with supporting all U.S. Army and Marine infantry. All Pacific mechanized flamethrower units were trained by Seabee specialists with Col. Unmacht's
291:
The best way to minimize the disadvantages of flame weapons was to mount them on armoured vehicles. The Commonwealth and the United States were the most prolific users of vehicle-mounted flame weapons; the British and Canadians fielded "Wasps"
1555:
may have been fielded in Afghanistan by the United States (2008) and have been used by Russia in Ukraine (2022). The U.S. and U.S.S.R. both developed a rocket launcher specifically for the deployment of incendiary munitions, respectively the
420:
display a soldier with a portable flamethrower. Byzantines also used ceramic hand grenades filled with Greek fire. Greek fire, used primarily at sea, gave the Byzantines a substantial military advantage against enemies such as members of the
1419:, and the fuel tanks as a standard infantryman's rucksack. This was to try to stop the flamethrower operator from being specifically targeted by enemy fire. This "rifle" had a working action which was used to cycle blank igniter cartridges.
75:
496:(ćłè¶ććČ), hence the first credible Chinese reference to the flamethrower employing the chemical solution of Greek fire. Lin Yu mentioned also that the 'fierce fire oil' derived ultimately from China's contact in the 'southern seas', with
1487:
unilaterally stopped using themââ âââ the last American infantry flamethrower was the Vietnam-era M9-7. They have been deemed of questionable effectiveness in modern combat, though some have made the case for their tactical employment.
737:
The success of the attack prompted the German Army to adopt the device on all fronts. Flamethrowers were used in squads of six during battles, at the start of an attack destroying the enemy and to the preceding the infantry advance.
204:
The man-portable flamethrower consists of two elementsâthe backpack and the gun. The backpack element usually consists of two or three cylinders. In a two-cylinder system, one cylinder holds compressed, inert propellant gas (usually
663:
During the siege of Port Arthur, Japanese combat engineers used hand pumps to spray kerosene into Russian trenches. Once the Russians were covered with the flammable liquid, the Japanese would throw bundles of burning rags at them.
224:, and other protected emplacements. A flamethrower projects a stream of flammable liquid, rather than flame, which allows bouncing the stream off walls and ceilings to project the fire into unseen spaces, such as inside bunkers or
1202:
The British World War II army flamethrowers, "Ack Packs", had a doughnut-shaped fuel tank with a small spherical pressurizer gas tank in the middle. As a result, some troops nicknamed them "lifebuoys". It was officially known as
655:
1283:
602:
In 1702, the Prussian Army tested P. Lange's "serpent-fire-spray'' (Schlangen-Brand-Spritze) who produced a jet of fire 4 metres (12 ft) wide and 40 m (120 ft) long; two years later it was rejected as useless.
777:
officer. This weapon was enormous and completely non-portable. The weapon had an effective range of 80 metres (90 yd), which proved effective at clearing trenches, but with no other benefit the project was abandoned.
888:
1358:
known as SATAN flame tanks. Though effective, they lacked the armour to safely engage fortifications and were phased out in favour of the better-armoured M4 Sherman tanks. USMC Flamethrower Shermans were produced at
296:
fitted with flamethrowers) at infantry battalion level, beginning in mid-1944, and eventually incorporating them into infantry battalions. Early tank-mounted flamethrower vehicles included the "Badger" (a converted
729:
The flamethrower was first used in World War I on 26 February 1915 when it was briefly used against the French outside Verdun. On 30 July 1915 it was first used in a concerted action, against British trenches at
640:
In 1898 Russian captain Sigern-Korn experimented with burning jets of kerosene for defensive use; in theory in they would be fired from parapets of fortifications. The idea was abandoned due to technical issues
1892:
and article 45(1)(f) of the Firearms (Northern Ireland) Order 2004 and possession of a flamethrower would carry a sentence of up to ten years' imprisonment. On 16 June 1994, a man attacked school pupils at
241:
explosive propellant system also have a limited number of shots. The weapon is very visible on the battlefield, which causes operators to become immediately singled out as prominent targets, especially for
2852:
1908:
car-mounted flamethrower to market in 1998 as a security device to defend against carjackers. It has since been discontinued, with the inventor moving on to pocket-sized self-defence flamethrowers.
1842:
forbids the use of incendiary weapons (including flamethrowers) against civilians. It also forbids their use against forests unless they are used to conceal combatants or other military objectives.
4302:
63:
1710:
and 22.5 litres (4.9 imp gal; 5.9 US gal) of petrol; the bomb exploded, but the fuel failed to ignite. A soldier was thrown several metres across the road by the blast.
283:
The pressurizer is filled with a non-flammable gas that is under high pressure. If this tank ruptures, it might knock the operator forward as it was expended in the same way a pressurized
531:
to pump petrol out of a single cylinder (with an upstroke and a downstroke), lit at the end by a slow-burning gunpowder match to fire a continuous stream of flame (as referred to in the
3991:
1926:, selling 20,000 units. This device uses liquid propane gas rather than a stream of gasoline, making it more akin to a torch, like those commonly available at home and garden centers.
82:
80:
77:
76:
1159:
81:
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313:
A propane-operated flamethrower is a straightforward device. The gas is expelled through the gun assembly by its own pressure and is ignited at the exit of the barrel through
4472:
1658:
1702:
armoured vehicle. Incendiary improvised devices were also proven by the republican paramilitaries, such as an IRA grenade attack on a British Army patrol on 4 April 1993 in
4246:
758:(5.8 US gal) model were also produced. Austro-Hungarian flamethrowers were unreliable and long hoses were used to prevent the shooter from igniting the fuel tank
1368:
345:
1737:, after using tear gas and flash grenades to no avail, Chinese paramilitary forces resorted to flamethrowers to root out suspected militants who were hiding in a cave.
1267:
1191:
1851:
1218:
static flame projectors in the event of an invasion, with around 50,000 barrel-based incendiary mines being deployed in 7,000 batteries throughout Southern England.
1041:
flame tanks were captured from the Soviet Union and issued at the start of the Continuation War; they were considered impratical and later retrofitted with cannons.
900:
3967:
250:. Flamethrower operators were rarely taken prisoner, especially when their target survived an attack by the weapon; captured flamethrower users were in some cases
79:
4497:
864:
introduced its own man-portable flamethrower. The vulnerability of infantry carrying backpack flamethrowers and the weapon's short range led to experiments with
2000:
1179:
57:
1334:
The U.S. Army used flamethrowers in Europe in much smaller numbers, though they were available for special employments. Flamethrowers were deployed during the
675:
Bernhard Reddeman, a German military officer and former fireman, converted steam powered fire engines into flamethrowers; his design was demonstrated in 1907.
3369:
484:
2843:
2046:
It has been known for police to fill a "flamethrower", not with flammable liquid, but rather with tear gas dissolved in water as a riot-control device; see
1311:
4291:
1614:
launched a rescue operation. During the assault, a rebel machine gun position was neutralized using a flamethrower. All hostages were eventually set free.
857:
3795:
2144:
1299:
1248:
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and out of the gun nozzle. The igniter can be one of several ignition systems: A simple type is an electrically heated wire coil; another used a small
4025:
2029:
1387:
A Finnish soldier with a captured Soviet ROKS-3 flamethrower, June 1943. The flame projector has been designed to resemble a standard infantry rifle.
2016:
1719:
276:, platoon sergeant Charles Brown tells of how one of his men was killed when his flamethrower was hit by grenade shrapnel during the battle for
1255:
475:
3298:
1367:
the Army and the Marines still used their infantry-portable systems, despite the arrival of adapted Sherman tanks with the Ronson system (cf.
3555:
3278:
2546:
2666:
78:
4198:
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1607:
3149:
ScafeÈ, Cornel (2004). "Buletinul Muzeului NaÈional Militar, Nr. 2/2004" [Bulletin of the National Military Museum, No. 2/2004].
840:, Major Walther Kohn rode in a flamethrower equipped tankette; due to heat he exited the tank to fight on foot and was killed in combat.
1977:), as one of several clearance methods used for the surprisingly large amount of snow that fell before the presidential inauguration of
1484:
228:. Typically, popular visual media depict the flamethrower as short-ranged and only effective for a few metres (due to the common use of
4467:
4081:
4056:
163:
harvesting and other land-management tasks. Various forms are designed for an operator to carry, while others are mounted on vehicles.
4415:
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2319:
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1383:
1001:
627:
3478:
2667:"The Soldier at the Western Front â The Use of Flamethrower - Source 4: Bernhard Reddemann: History of the German Flamethrower troop"
957:). With the contraction of the Third Reich during the latter half of World War II, a smaller, more compact flamethrower known as the
4365:
3771:
3719:
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1642:
1363:
709:
340:
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1807:
1006:
2260:
In later Byzantine texts, the syringe was replaced by cheirosiphona (hand-held siphons) that were also used to shoot Greek Fire.
806:
In 1931 the SĂŁo Paulo Public Force created an assault car section. The first vehicle to be incorporated was a tank built from a
4442:
2429:
Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 5: Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic
2345:
2059:
4487:
3860:
810:
tractor, featuring a turret mounted flamethrower and four Hotchkiss machineguns on the hull. It was used in combat during the
4437:
1839:
1477:
693:, since the modern flamethrower was invented in Germany. The first flamethrower, in the modern sense, is usually credited to
3685:
1407:
Unlike the flamethrowers of the other powers during World War II, the Soviets were the only ones to consciously attempt to
1662:
650:
49:
31:
3503:
1973:
U.S. troops allegedly used flamethrowers on the streets of Washington, D.C. (mentioned in a December 1998 article in the
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1585:
1211:
1204:
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718:
702:
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in warfare, since a slow-burning match fuse was required to ignite the flames. The Chinese applied the use of double-
381:
In 107 AD the Romans used a flamethrower against the Dacians; the device was similar to the one used at Delium.
1400:
flame throwers" being used in the Soviet defense of Stalingrad. The FOG-1 was directly copied by the Germans as the
3820:
2104:
800:
4523:
3735:
2047:
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1750:
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1981:. A history article on the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers notes, "In the end, the task force employed hundreds of
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958:
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apartâwhich was not a common situation; the fuel would also only last for about a minute of continuous firing.
505:
397:
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than a man-portable flamethrower, but their range is still short compared with that of other infantry weapons.
4102:
2415:
2356:
171:
3942:
1565:
1328:
1018:
833:
587:
2028:
newspaper without confirmation that a North Korean government official, O Sang-Hon, Deputy Minister at the
4528:
4513:
4357:
4324:"Flamethrowers used to execute ISIS leaders in Tal Afar after their attempts to escape towards Syria fail"
1905:
1690:, also in the early 1990s. The first incident occurred on 12 December 1992, when the bunker was manned by
1495:
model. In the M9 the propellant tank is a sphere below the left fuel tank and does not project backwards.
1453:
1432:
1401:
986:
954:
942:
815:
807:
155:
Apart from the military applications, flamethrowers have peacetime applications where there is a need for
53:
792:
on 23 April 1918. A British newspaper report of the action referred to the British flamethrowers only as
4354:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492â2015, 4th Ed
2079:
2064:
1894:
1461:
1136:
1120:
1108:
1084:
1021:
as the Liekinheitin M/40; 176 flamethrowers were ordered but only 28 arrived before the end of the war.
837:
782:
770:
546:, written in 1044 (its illustration redrawn in 1601 as well). Advances in military technology aided the
330:
470:("fire spraying device") was a Chinese piston flamethrower that used a substance similar to petrol or
1955:
1603:
1116:
1112:
4297:
4251:
3294:
1516:
1412:
1350:
1222:
1124:
1087:, the L3 Lf flame tank found little to no success. An L6 Lf flametank was also developed using the
762:
634:
425:(who later adopted the use of Greek fire). An 11th-century illustration of its use survives in the
247:
261:
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3067:
2710:
2517:
1923:
1827:
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which ignited it with a match, similar to modern versions, as it was ejected. An illustration in
225:
156:
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4457:
2974:
2127:
1606:
and military personnel. On 5 May, after weeks of fruitless negotiations, a team of gendarms and
1540:
133:
44:
933:
Flamethrowers soon fell into disfavour. Flamethrowers were extensively used by German units in
4447:
4411:
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4361:
4270:
3918:
3777:
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3715:
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3601:
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1669:, on 13 December 1989. Some months later, on 4 March 1990, the IRA attacked an RUC station in
1397:
1335:
1068:
1045:
990:
542:
illustrations and descriptions of mobile flamethrowers on four-wheel push carts appear in the
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352:
293:
251:
98:
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4156:
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2909:
2148:
1416:
1024:
Those flamethrowers were not used in the Winter War; but were issued to engineers during the
2499:
2094:
1986:
1838:
Despite some assertions, flamethrowers are not generally banned. However the United Nations
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1654:
1437:
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924:
683:
448:
393:
364:
221:
114:
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1888:
In the United Kingdom, flamethrowers are "prohibited weapons" under section 5(1)(b) of the
4432:
3302:
2866:
1978:
1939:
1935:
1776:
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1678:
1634:
1492:
1259:
1143:
was planned to have a command vehicle version armed with machine guns and a flamethrower.
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774:
754:
714:
694:
606:
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because he had used 'fire oil' to burn his fleet; this signified the first Chinese use of
2642:
2019:. They had one big tank each. They could make a flame about 4 metres (12 ft) long.
4183:
3796:"Flamethrower used to flush out militants in China's Xinjiang region, says state media"
1819:
1746:
1415:
this was done by disguising the flame projector as a standard-issue rifle, such as the
1362:
by Seabees attached to the Chemical Warfare Service under Col. Unmacht. CWS designated
1215:
803:
deployed the Schilt family of flamethrowers, which were also used by the Italian Army.
789:
731:
533:
453:
426:
351:
The concept of projecting fire as a weapon has existed since ancient times. During the
314:
238:
190:
149:
118:
687:
4507:
2449:
Chemical Corps Historical Studies - Portable Flame Thrower Operations in World War II
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1674:
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950:
934:
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538:
509:
272:
177:
95:
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1099:
443:
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era, sailors used rudimentary hand-pumped flamethrowers on board their naval ships.
2334:
2089:
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2004:
A sergeant of the 66th Engineers torching brush with a flamethrower in Iraq in 2008
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1638:
1591:
1448:
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1072:
849:
547:
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458:
438:
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198:
126:
1718:
As of 2003 the locally made Hydroar T1M1 flamethrower was still being used by the
964:
Germany also used flamethrower vehicles, most of them based on the chassis of the
788:
and several Hay portable flamethrowers were deployed by the Royal Navy during the
359:
used some kind of a flamethrower trying to destroy the fortification walls of the
3002:
2536:
2309:
2273:
2243:
4452:
3570:
Alexander, Shana. "The Patriot Game". _New York_, 22 November 1982. pg 58+.
2024:
1951:
1943:
1915:
1877:
1857:
1796:
1703:
1683:
1611:
1528:
1469:
1343:
1339:
965:
302:
284:
214:
194:
137:
122:
102:
68:
4178:
3992:"See the terrifying personal flamethrower that's apparently legal in 48 states"
3370:"Type 74 Flamethrower still in Active Use, Chinese PLA Police Scorch some O2 -"
3219:
Voices of D-Day: The Story of the Allied Invasion, Told by Those Who Were There
3051:"Flames in Ice and Snow: Flamethrowers of the Finnish Army - Small Arms Review"
1856:
In the United States, private ownership of a flamethrower is not restricted by
3821:"China forces used flamethrower to hunt Xinjiang 'terrorists': army newspaper"
2934:
Latin America's Wars Volume II: The Age of the Professional Soldier, 1900â2001
1982:
1947:
1865:
1627:
1557:
1465:
1408:
1234:
1230:
1060:
1014:
977:
869:
479:
466:
389:
376:
210:
110:
4482:
4014:
3922:
3911:"'Kill All You See': In a First, Myanmar Soldiers Tell of Rohingya Slaughter"
3520:"Russian troops wipe out four command posts in Ukraine operation â top brass"
2504:
2487:
17:
3781:
2069:
1963:
1911:
1317:
Front and rear views of a man with an M2A1-7 United States Army flamethrower
969:
861:
853:
822:
669:
521:
478:. The earliest reference to Greek fire in China was made in 917, written by
422:
385:
360:
356:
160:
141:
38:
3026:
2513:
1107:
Japan used man-portable flamethrowers to clear fortified positions, in the
745:
The German deployed flamethrowers during the war in more than 650 attacks.
148:. Gases are safer in peacetime applications because their flames have less
2012:; they were used to clear brush and eliminate hiding spots for insurgents
1083:
tankette with a flamethrower operating from the machine gun mount. In the
748:
The Ottoman Empire received 30 flamethrowers from Germany during the war.
27:
Ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable stream of fire
3761:
3547:
Jean-Marie Tjibaou, Kanak Witness to the World: An Intellectual Biography
2563:"ĐĐłĐœĐ”ĐŒĐ”ŃĐœĐŸĐ” ĐŸŃŃжОД ĐДлОĐșĐŸĐč ĐČĐŸĐčĐœŃ. Ч. 1. Đ ĐżĐŸĐžŃĐșĐ°Ń
"ĐŸĐłĐœĐ”ĐŽŃŃĐ°ŃĐ”ĐłĐŸ ĐŽŃĐ°ĐșĐŸĐœĐ°""
2040:
2009:
1922:, developed a "not a flamethrower" for public sale through his business,
1869:
1815:
1772:
1595:
830:
492:' that could not be doused with water, as recorded by Lin Yu (æçŠč) in his
298:
277:
206:
1733:
During an operation to hunt down the militant group responsible for the
1682:
towed by a tractor on a British Army watchtower, the Borucki sangar, in
1551:
Non-flamethrower incendiary weapons remain in modern military arsenals.
626:, "Greek Fire" shells were produced and used by Union troops during the
3321:"A Vietnam War veteran explains the tactical case for the flamethrower"
2792:
2015:
A squad armed with backpack flamethrowers had an important part in the
1898:
1861:
1800:
1666:
1561:
551:
528:
471:
401:
229:
145:
550:
in its defense against hostile neighbours to the north, including the
220:
Flamethrowers were primarily used against battlefield fortifications,
1990:
1919:
1707:
1646:
1512:
1483:
Flamethrowers have not been in the U.S. arsenal since 1978, when the
1441:
938:
821:
In the interwar period, at least four flamethrowers were used in the
525:
497:
409:
405:
243:
182:
3519:
3295:"U.S Army Flamethrower Vehicles (Part Three of a Three-Part Series)"
3086:
Devereux, Col. James P. F. "There are Japanese in the Bushes..." in
2462:
1706:, County Tyrone; the device consisted of 0.9 kg (2 lb) of
1527:
LPO-50 and Type 74 flamethrowers were used by NVA forces during the
1503:
Crude homemade flamethrowers were built by Irgun in the late 1940s.
1480:
with a mounted flamethrower, was successfully used in the conflict.
2975:"Fougasse Flame Throwers from Intelligence Bulletin, November 1944"
1323:
Okinawa campaign, the Army deployed hand-held, man-portable units.
1999:
1967:
1959:
1823:
1811:
1650:
1447:
1431:
1382:
1098:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1057:
708:
654:
513:
442:
339:
260:
170:
73:
62:
43:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2731:
1822:. Russian sources use the term "heavy flamethrowers" to describe
1814:" were employed against a Ukrainian concentration of troops near
1661:
used one of these flamethrowers, among other weapons, to storm a
2008:
Flamethrowers were employed by U.S. combat engineers during the
1994:
1354:
1274:
1185:
A Churchill tank fitted with a Crocodile flamethrower in action.
865:
106:
4438:
Fire Against the Enemy â The Flaming Bayonet for Trench Warfare
1511:
The PLA adopted the Type 74 flamethrower, a copy of the Soviet
1221:
The British hardly used their man-portable systems, relying on
1197:
An Australian soldier fires a flamethrower at a Japanese bunker
4223:
2488:"Proposals for Chemical Weapons during the American Civil War"
1623:
201:. They can be vehicle-mounted, as on a tank, or man-portable.
132:
Most military flamethrowers use liquid fuel, typically either
3847:
No True Glory: A Frontline Account of the Battle for Fallujah
3090:
compiled and edited by S. E. Smith, Random House, 1969, p.50.
726:
incendiary bomb in the Argonne-Meuse sector in October 1914.
578:
which he said were parts of naphtha-throwers and projectors (
86:
United States Marines demonstrating flamethrower usage (2012)
2124:"Why Has the US Military Discontinued Use of Flamethrowers?"
488:. In 919, the siphon projector-pump was used to spread the '
4199:"Elon Musk sells all 20,000 Boring Company 'flamethrowers'"
1997:, rotaries, and allegedly flamethrowers to clear the way".
3221:. Louisiana State University Press. pp. 35, 201â211.
2958:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires.: Ayer y Hoy. pp. 144â145.
1880:
punishable with a county jail term not exceeding one year
814:, routing federal troop from a bridge in an engagement in
152:
and dissipate faster, and often are easier to extinguish.
2275:
Byzantine Authors: Literary Activities and Preoccupations
1864:. Flamethrowers are legal in 48 states and restricted in
1229:
In the Pacific theatre, Australian forces used converted
751:
German flamethrowers were also used by Bulgarian forces.
37:"Flame warfare" redirects here. For the online term, see
3909:
Beech, Hannah; Nang, Saw; Simons, Marlise (2020-09-08).
1954:
are burned to get rid of the dry dead leaves which clog
1799:
rocket-assisted flamethrower was fired at his office in
1730:
The Chinese Army still issues the Type 74 flamethrower.
1576:
The Type 74 is still being used by the Vietnamese Army.
659:
French soldiers using flamethrowers in World War I, 1917
637:
suggested pumping flaming petroleum at Prussian troops.
4410:. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing Ltd (USA).
2844:"Secret terror weapon of the Somme battle 'discovered'"
2039:
used flamethrowers to execute six of its commanders in
1289:
2nd Marine tank Battalion "Satan" incinerates Japanese
1139:. They were also planned to become self-propelled; the
918:
Belgian soldier wounded by a flamethrower (World War I)
4468:
Images, including a tank-mounted flamethrower's nozzle
2384:
2382:
2139:
2137:
765:, during which they used experimental weapons called "
570:(âKeys to the Sciencesâ) ca. 976 AD mentions the
2745:"First World War.com â Weapons of War: Flamethrowers"
2311:
The Age of the DROMON: The Byzantine Navy ca 500â1204
508:(Wolf Mountain River) in 919, the naval fleet of the
3968:"Heavy flamethrower system TOS-1A | Rosoboronexport"
3886:"Rohingya experienced 'extreme' violence in Myanmar"
3479:"The American Military's Deadly Thermobaric Arsenal"
1749:
to supply his company with flamethrowers during the
1539:
The Iraqi army used LPO-50 flamethrowers during the
1444:
from its mounted flamethrower during the Vietnam war
4292:"North Korean official 'executed by flame-thrower'"
3639:, No. 283, pp. 20â21. Fortnight Publications, 1990.
3003:"FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: PORTABLE FLAME-THROWERS"
2043:as punishment for their attempt to escape to Syria
1677:, using an improvised flamethrower consisting of a
761:The British experimented with flamethrowers in the
4433:First World War.com: Weapons of War: Flamethrowers
4290:
3504:"U.S. Denies Incendiary Weapon Use in Afghanistan"
2842:
4443:Weapons of the World War II gyrene: Flamethrowers
4382:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 16â18.
3943:"Site of "DPR" militant chief Givi assassination"
2888:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 16â18.
1934:Flamethrowers are occasionally used for igniting
1305:An American flamethrower operator runs under fire
1226:executing any captured British flame-tank crews.
923:The Germans made considerable use of the weapon (
894:A German soldier operating a flamethrower in 1944
781:Two Morriss static flamethrowers were mounted in
346:Thessaloniki Science Center and Technology Museum
4401:. Vol. 5, Part 7. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd.
3586:(Television documentary). ITN. 22 February 1982.
1852:Regulation of flamethrowers in the United States
1649:military flamethrowers (supplied to them by the
1103:A Japanese soldier firing a Type 93 flamethrower
189:Modern flamethrowers were first used during the
4157:"Flamethrower now an option on S. African cars"
2022:In April 2014 it was reported by South Korea's
906:A German soldier using a flamethrower in Russia
633:During the 1871 siege of Paris, French chemist
537:manuscript of 1044). In the suppression of the
217:, fueled with pressurized gas from the system.
121:, flamethrowers saw use in modern times during
67:A U.S. Marine firing a flamethrower during the
4478:History and images of Australian flamethrowers
3273:. Sterling Publishing Company. pp. 270â.
3088:The United States Marine Corps in World War II
1637:to Ireland for the IRA. In the last stages of
1210:Extensive plans were made in 1940â1941 by the
1056:Italy employed man-portable flamethrowers and
622:Although flamethrowers were never used in the
4488:Modern Russian Flamethrowers, page in Russian
4269:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 75.
3430:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 70.
3348:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 68.
3194:D-Day: The Invasion of Normandy, June 6, 1944
2969:
2967:
2965:
2820:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 13.
2771:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 12.
2541:. Oxford University Press. pp. 166â167.
1958:, and incidentally kill any lurking venomous
1663:British Army permanent checkpoint in Derryard
848:The flamethrower was used extensively during
140:, but commercial flamethrowers are generally
129:as a tactical weapon against fortifications.
8:
3137:Eleven Bloody Days: The Battle for Milne Bay
2702:
2700:
2698:
2620:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 9.
2346:Byzantine Hand Grenade with Circular Designs
2221:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 7.
1810:, Russian sources claim that artillery and "
1491:U.S. army flamethrowers developed up to the
485:Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms
4247:"Inauguration Weather: The Case of Kennedy"
3763:The illustrated directory of special forces
3714:. Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 123â24.
3550:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 164.
3514:
3512:
3270:The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II
3155:(in Romanian). Bucharest: Total Publishing.
2956:Blindados Argentinos, de Uruguay y Paraguay
4015:http://xm42.com/volusion/mapRestricted.png
3712:Bandit Country: The IRA & South Armagh
2722:
2335:Vatican Library - Manuscript - Vat.gr.1605
1860:, because a flamethrower is a tool, not a
1806:On 21 November 2022, nine months into the
1745:Captain Shannon Johnson requested colonel
856:first deployed man-portable flamethrowers
185:during the planned destruction of the city
3686:"Loyalists fire rocket at prison canteen"
3171:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 199.
2503:
2308:John Pryor; Elizabeth M Jeffreys (2006).
1342:fortifications. Also, most boat teams on
829:, during the unsuccessful assault on the
584:KitÄb fÄ« ma 'rifat al-áž„iyal al-handasiyya
474:, invented around 919 AD during the
4255:, Capital Weather Gang, January 5, 2009.
2431:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2183:"HowStuffWorks "How Flamethrowers Work""
2035:In August 2016 it was reported that the
2017:2012 Summer Paralympics closing ceremony
1753:; however no flamethrowers were issued.
1349:The Marine Corps used the backpack-type
1000:
858:against the Polish Post Office in Danzig
697:. He submitted evaluation models of his
582:). Book of Ingenious Mechanical Device (
4453:Jaeger Platoon: Portable flame-throwers
4187:(Interview). Interviewed by Sara Sally.
4139:"Pupils hurt in 'flame-thrower' attack"
3169:Tank Tactics: From Normandy to Lorraine
3027:"FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: FLAME TANKS"
2498:(5). Oxford University Press: 499â506.
2115:
1760:claimed flamethrowers were used in the
1456:tank of the USMC during the Vietnam War
1411:their infantry flamethrowers. With the
1273:Marines engaging Japanese positions on
1244:
1155:
1044:In 1944 they developed and adopted the
884:
4448:Howstuffworks "How Flamethrowers Work"
4242:
4240:
3402:"North Vietnam's Type 74 Flamethrower"
2936:. Washington, D.C.: Brassey's, p. 97.
2147:. canadiansoldiers.com. Archived from
1791:On 8 February 2017, separatist leader
1346:included a two-man flamethrower team.
1005:Flamethrower used in exercises in the
872:), which were used by many countries.
476:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
3600:, Syracuse University Press, p. 279.
3396:
3394:
3392:
3390:
2997:
2995:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2661:
2659:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2442:
2440:
2438:
1904:A South African inventor brought the
1698:inside the outpost were rescued by a
767:Livens Large Gallery Flame Projectors
590:mentioned about ejectors of naphtha (
7:
3293:Renquist, Capt. John (Summer 2008).
1946:. For example, in the production of
1771:Flamethrowers have been used by the
1626:foiled an attempt by New York-based
1135:Flamethrowers were also used by the
4358:McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers
4352:Clodfelter, Micheal (May 9, 2017).
3861:"Iraq, attacco agli esuli iraniani"
3598:The Long War: The IRA and Sinn FĂ©in
2463:"ĐĐœŃĐ”ŃĐ”ŃĐœŃĐ” ŃĐ°ĐșŃŃ ĐžĐ· ĐžŃŃĐŸŃОО ŃĐ»ĐŸŃĐ°"
1580:French assault on Ouvéa cave (1988)
396:, is said to have been invented by
197:and their use greatly increased in
101:designed to project a controllable
4408:Flamethrower Troops of World War I
3506:. Wired.com. Accessed 27 May 2010.
3477:Majumdar, Dave (3 December 2015).
3124:Letters from the Dead: Guadalcanal
2870:, 26 April 1918, reprinted in the
2204:"History of the Peloponnesian War"
1594:rebels took 36 French hostages in
628:Second Battle of Charleston Harbor
25:
4399:Science and Civilization in China
3742:. The Irish People. 17 April 1993
3620:. W.W. Norton & co., p. 333.
3167:Jarymowycz, Roman Johann (2001).
2397:Needham, Volume 5, Part 7, 81â83.
1901:, with a home-made flamethrower.
838:battle of Kilometer 7 to Saavedra
4500:at U.S. Veterans Memorial Museum
4080:. leginfo.ca.gov. Archived from
4055:. leginfo.ca.gov. Archived from
3740:indianamemory.contentdm.oclc.org
3502:Hambling, David (May 15, 2009).
3246:. Stackpole Books. p. 368.
3244:Omaha Beach: D-Day, June 6, 1944
2954:Sigal Fogliani, Ricardo (1997).
2855:from the original on 2022-01-12.
2032:, was executed by flamethrower.
1310:
1298:
1282:
1266:
1247:
1190:
1178:
1158:
911:
899:
887:
713:German flamethrowers during the
344:Boeotian flame thrower (model),
181:(burning detachment) destroying
58:US Military Intelligence Service
4498:M42B1 Flamethrower Sherman Tank
4305:from the original on 2022-01-12
3451:Olofsson, Magnus (2020-05-16).
2486:Hasegawa, Guy R. (5 May 2008).
2245:Caracalla: A Military Biography
2181:Harris, Tom (25 October 2001).
1720:1Âș BatalhĂŁo de Forças Especiais
301:) and the "Oke", used first at
265:Army War Show November 27, 1942
4483:WWII German army flamethrowers
2841:Copping, Jasper (9 May 2010).
2692:â Patrick Robertson (Headline)
1846:Owning a personal flamethrower
1840:Protocol on Incendiary Weapons
1478:M113 armored personnel carrier
985:The Germans also produced the
562:AbĆ« ÊżAbdallÄh al-KhwÄrazmÄ« in
1:
3196:. Da Capo Press. p. 76.
2797:Turkey in the First World War
2641:Wictor, Thomas (2012-05-25),
1075:. The L3 Lf flame tank was a
860:. Subsequently, in 1942, the
769:", named for their inventor,
651:Technology during World War I
32:Flamethrower (disambiguation)
4493:USA-type flamethrower in use
4463:Image of flamethrower in use
4177:Fourie, Charl (2001-02-13).
3544:Waddell, Eric (2008-08-31).
3319:Keller, Jared (2018-01-26).
2690:The New Shell Book of Firsts
2100:Petroleum Warfare Department
1641:, during the mid-1980s, the
1212:Petroleum Warfare Department
1205:Flamethrower, Portable, No 2
1152:Britain and the Commonwealth
1067:of 1935 to 1936, during the
1017:Finland adopted the Italian
953:and the article on the 1943
812:Constitutionalist Revolution
144:using gaseous fuels such as
4078:"Enforcement and penalties"
3192:Holderfield, Randy (2001).
2932:Scheina, Robert L. (2003).
2357:Byzantine Clay Hand Grenade
2185:. Science.howstuffworks.com
2030:Ministry of Public Security
1808:Russian invasion of Ukraine
1657:. An IRA team riding on an
1515:. It was later used in the
1065:Second Italo-Abyssinian War
288:ignite the mixture inside.
4545:
4458:A history of flamethrowers
4205:. London. February 1, 2018
3453:"Iran-Irakkriget i bilder"
2535:Symonds, Craig L. (2012).
2248:. Pen and Sword Military.
2242:Dr. Ilkka SyvÀnne (2017).
2105:Technology of Song dynasty
1849:
1758:People's Mujahedin of Iran
1583:
1464:used flamethrowers in the
976:tanks, generally known as
648:
516:defeated the fleet of the
436:
392:, extensively used by the
374:
328:
36:
29:
3618:A secret story of the IRA
3596:O'Brien, Brendan (1999).
3242:Balkoski, Joseph (2004).
2587:""These Hideous Weapons""
2170:Weapons of the WWII Tommy
2048:Converted Flamethrower 40
1762:2013 Camp Ashraf massacre
1735:2015 Aksu colliery attack
1659:improvised armoured truck
1586:Ouvéa cave hostage taking
1474:M132 armored flamethrower
796:, using the German word.
580:al-naffÄtÄt wa al-zarÄqÄt
233:flame inside the bunker.
4397:Needham, Joseph (1986).
4179:"Personal Flame Thrower"
4159:. CNN. December 11, 1998
3867:(in Italian). 2013-09-01
3800:South China Morning Post
3307:CML Army Chemical Review
3152:National Military Museum
2505:10.7205/MILMED.173.5.499
2427:Needham, Joseph (1986).
2416:File:Battle of kedah.jpg
1436:A riverboat of the U.S.
959:Einstossflammenwerfer 46
868:-mounted flamethrowers (
506:Battle of Langshan Jiang
4406:Wictor, Thomas (2010).
4039:"Definitions and scope"
3122:p.108 Hinton, David R.
2671:www.hi.uni-stuttgart.de
2272:John W Nesbitt (2003).
2206:– via Wikisource.
1793:Mikhail 'Givi' Tolstykh
1171:"lifebuoy" flamethrower
1085:Northern Africa Theatre
1019:Lanciafiamme Modello 35
588:Ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari
457:manuscript of 1044 AD,
56:, drawing made for the
3760:Miller, David (2002).
3710:Harnden, Toby (2001).
3126:2005 Hinton Publishing
2406:Needham, Volume 5, 89.
2388:Needham, Volume 5, 82.
2376:Needham, Volume 5, 81.
2367:Needham, Volume 5, 80.
2314:. Brill. p. 619.
2298:Needham, Volume 5, 77.
2278:. Brill. p. 189.
2005:
1457:
1445:
1402:Abwehrflammenwerfer 42
1388:
1375:U.S. troops targeted.
1329:CWS Flamethrower Group
1256:33rd Infantry Division
1141:MareÈal tank destroyer
1104:
1010:
1007:Reserve Officer School
987:Abwehrflammenwerfer 42
955:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
943:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
941:, both in 1943 in the
808:Caterpillar Twenty Two
722:
660:
461:
451:flamethrower from the
348:
266:
237:Flamethrowers using a
186:
87:
71:
60:
54:Imperial Japanese Army
4378:McNab, Chris (2015).
4265:McNab, Chris (2015).
3673:Derby Daily Telegraph
3483:The National Interest
3426:McNab, Chris (2015).
3344:McNab, Chris (2015).
3267:Chris Bishop (2002).
3217:Drez, Ronald (1998).
3031:www.jaegerplatoon.net
3007:www.jaegerplatoon.net
2884:McNab, Chris (2015).
2816:McNab, Chris (2015).
2767:McNab, Chris (2015).
2749:www.firstworldwar.com
2616:McNab, Chris (2015).
2447:McKinney, Leonard L.
2217:McNab, Chris (2015).
2080:List of flamethrowers
2065:Early thermal weapons
2003:
1895:Sullivan Upper School
1850:Further information:
1485:Department of Defense
1462:United States Marines
1451:
1435:
1394:Intelligence Bulletin
1386:
1109:Battle of Wake Island
1102:
1091:light tank platform.
1004:
771:William Howard Livens
712:
658:
446:
343:
331:Early thermal weapons
264:
174:
125:, and more widely in
85:
66:
47:
4345:General bibliography
3766:. St Paul, MN: MBI.
3616:Moloney, Ed (2003).
2538:The Civil War at Sea
1885:Section 970 et seq.
1779:villages during the
1277:with a flamethrower.
1117:Battle of the Tenaru
1030:ROKS-2 flamethrowers
1028:along with captured
836:in 1933. During the
834:stronghold of Nanawa
50:Type 93 flamethrower
30:For other uses, see
4298:The Daily Telegraph
4252:The Washington Post
4145:. October 23, 2011.
4121:"Firearms Act 1968"
4103:"Firearms Act 1968"
3845:West, Bing (2006).
3139:self published 2009
2910:"Blindados em 1932"
2709:, Willmott, H. P.,
1975:San Francisco Flier
1962:. More commonly, a
1812:heavy flamethrowers
1795:was killed when an
1787:Russo-Ukrainian War
1645:smuggled in Soviet
1553:Thermobaric weapons
1517:Sino-Vietnamese War
1413:ROKS-2 flamethrower
1254:A soldier from the
1233:, known as Matilda
1223:Churchill Crocodile
1137:Royal Romanian Army
1125:Battle of Milne Bay
968:half track and the
945:and in 1944 in the
763:Battle of the Somme
635:Marcellin Berthelot
248:designated marksmen
4519:Incendiary weapons
4373:- Total pages: 824
4028:(CA H&W 12756)
3915:The New York Times
3526:. 21 November 2022
3457:Militarhistoria.se
3301:2012-10-19 at the
3106:, 2004, Page 121,
3104:Dorling Kindersley
3102:, Willmott, H.P.,
3070:, 2004, Page 165,
3068:Dorling Kindersley
3066:, Willmott, H.P.,
2711:Dorling Kindersley
2006:
1924:The Boring Company
1830:rocket launchers.
1775:during attacks on
1751:Battle of Fallujah
1590:On 22 April 1988,
1458:
1446:
1389:
1360:Schofield Barracks
1338:in order to clear
1105:
1011:
989:, a flame-mine or
723:
661:
645:Early 20th century
624:American Civil War
462:
384:Later, during the
349:
294:Universal Carriers
267:
252:summarily executed
187:
157:controlled burning
88:
72:
61:
4374:
3949:. 8 February 2017
3649:Irish Independent
3557:978-0-8248-3314-5
3280:978-1-58663-762-0
3135:Boettcher, Brian
2548:978-0-19-993168-2
2492:Military Medicine
1987:front-end loaders
1970:(fusee) is used.
1890:Firearms Act 1968
1834:International law
1781:Rohingya genocide
1653:government) into
1440:shooting ignited
1396:refers to these "
1336:Normandy landings
1069:Spanish Civil War
1046:Liekinheitin M/44
678:The English word
607:Peter the Great's
418:Hero of Byzantium
353:Peloponnesian War
99:incendiary device
83:
16:(Redirected from
4536:
4524:Infantry weapons
4421:
4402:
4393:
4380:The Flamethrower
4372:
4371:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4294:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4267:The Flamethrower
4262:
4256:
4244:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4226:. throwflame.com
4220:
4214:
4213:
4211:
4210:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4074:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4053:"Administration"
4049:
4043:
4042:
4035:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3857:
3851:
3850:
3842:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3614:
3608:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3580:
3574:
3572:Retrievable from
3568:
3562:
3561:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3516:
3507:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3428:The Flamethrower
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3398:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3374:The Firearm Blog
3366:
3360:
3359:
3346:The Flamethrower
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3325:Business Insider
3316:
3310:
3309:. Wood.army.mil.
3291:
3285:
3284:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3146:
3140:
3133:
3127:
3120:
3114:
3097:
3091:
3084:
3078:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
2999:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2971:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2945:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2886:The Flamethrower
2881:
2875:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2846:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2818:The Flamethrower
2813:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2769:The Flamethrower
2764:
2753:
2752:
2741:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2704:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2663:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2644:German Fire Tube
2638:
2632:
2631:
2618:The Flamethrower
2613:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2507:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2444:
2433:
2432:
2424:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2359:
2354:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2219:The Flamethrower
2214:
2208:
2207:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2141:
2132:
2131:
2130:on July 3, 2010.
2126:. Archived from
2120:
2095:Molotov cocktail
1936:controlled burns
1696:Grenadier Guards
1655:Northern Ireland
1564:ancestor of the
1314:
1302:
1286:
1270:
1251:
1194:
1182:
1162:
1026:Continuation War
915:
903:
891:
688:the German word
684:loan-translation
394:Byzantine Empire
365:Battle of Delium
115:Byzantine Empire
84:
21:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4504:
4503:
4429:
4424:
4418:
4405:
4396:
4390:
4377:
4368:
4351:
4347:
4342:
4333:
4331:
4322:
4321:
4317:
4308:
4306:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4277:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4245:
4238:
4229:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4217:
4208:
4206:
4197:
4196:
4192:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4162:
4160:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4143:The Independent
4137:
4136:
4132:
4125:www.opsi.gov.uk
4119:
4118:
4114:
4107:www.opsi.gov.uk
4101:
4100:
4096:
4087:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4062:
4060:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4024:
4020:
4013:
4009:
4000:
3998:
3996:Washington Post
3990:
3989:
3985:
3976:
3974:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3952:
3950:
3941:
3940:
3936:
3927:
3925:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3894:
3892:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3870:
3868:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3830:
3828:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3805:
3803:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3774:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3745:
3743:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3722:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3695:
3693:
3690:The Independent
3684:
3683:
3679:
3675:, 5 March 1990.
3671:
3667:
3663:, 6 March 1990.
3659:
3655:
3651:, 6 March 1990.
3647:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3615:
3611:
3595:
3591:
3584:World in Action
3582:
3581:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3529:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3510:
3501:
3497:
3487:
3485:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3462:
3460:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3425:
3424:
3420:
3411:
3409:
3400:
3399:
3388:
3379:
3377:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3356:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3329:
3327:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3303:Wayback Machine
3292:
3288:
3281:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3254:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3229:
3216:
3215:
3211:
3204:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3134:
3130:
3121:
3117:
3098:
3094:
3085:
3081:
3062:
3058:
3053:. June 6, 2023.
3049:
3048:
3044:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3011:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2973:
2972:
2963:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2931:
2927:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2896:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2874:, 26 April 2018
2872:Daily Telegraph
2867:Daily Telegraph
2864:
2860:
2849:Daily Telegraph
2840:
2839:
2835:
2828:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2801:
2799:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2779:
2766:
2765:
2756:
2743:
2742:
2729:
2723:Clodfelter 2017
2721:
2717:
2707:First World War
2705:
2696:
2688:
2684:
2675:
2673:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2649:
2647:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2628:
2615:
2614:
2605:
2596:
2594:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2571:
2569:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2471:
2469:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2446:
2445:
2436:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2401:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2340:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2168:Gordon, David.
2167:
2163:
2154:
2152:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2060:Dragon's breath
2056:
1979:John F. Kennedy
1940:land management
1932:
1897:, just outside
1854:
1848:
1836:
1789:
1769:
1743:
1728:
1716:
1679:manure-spreader
1635:M2 flamethrower
1631:George Harrison
1620:
1618:Provisional IRA
1602:, most of them
1588:
1582:
1574:
1549:
1537:
1525:
1509:
1501:
1438:Brownwater Navy
1430:
1425:
1381:
1318:
1315:
1306:
1303:
1294:
1287:
1278:
1271:
1262:
1260:M2 flamethrower
1252:
1243:
1198:
1195:
1186:
1183:
1174:
1163:
1154:
1149:
1133:
1097:
1054:
1009:during the war.
999:
947:Warsaw Uprising
919:
916:
907:
904:
895:
892:
883:
878:
852:. In 1939, the
846:
775:Royal Engineers
755:Austria-Hungary
715:First World War
695:Richard Fiedler
653:
647:
620:
610:with the Tsar.
600:
592:zarÄqÄt al-naft
560:
490:fierce fire oil
441:
435:
379:
373:
338:
333:
327:
311:
169:
74:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4542:
4540:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4506:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4473:The Pen Huo Qi
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4428:
4427:External links
4425:
4423:
4422:
4417:978-0764335266
4416:
4403:
4394:
4389:978-1472809049
4388:
4375:
4366:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4315:
4282:
4276:978-1472809049
4275:
4257:
4236:
4215:
4190:
4184:AM (ABC Radio)
4169:
4148:
4130:
4112:
4094:
4069:
4044:
4030:
4018:
4007:
3983:
3959:
3947:www.unian.info
3934:
3901:
3877:
3852:
3849:. p. 176.
3837:
3812:
3787:
3772:
3752:
3727:
3720:
3702:
3677:
3665:
3661:Dundee Courier
3653:
3641:
3629:
3609:
3589:
3575:
3563:
3556:
3536:
3508:
3495:
3469:
3443:
3437:978-1472809049
3436:
3418:
3386:
3361:
3355:978-1472809049
3354:
3336:
3311:
3286:
3279:
3259:
3252:
3234:
3227:
3209:
3202:
3184:
3177:
3159:
3141:
3128:
3115:
3092:
3079:
3056:
3042:
3018:
2991:
2979:lonesentry.com
2961:
2946:
2925:
2901:
2895:978-1472809049
2894:
2876:
2858:
2833:
2827:978-1472809049
2826:
2808:
2784:
2778:978-1472809049
2777:
2754:
2727:
2725:, p. 394.
2715:
2713:, 2003, p. 106
2694:
2682:
2655:
2633:
2627:978-1472809049
2626:
2603:
2578:
2554:
2547:
2527:
2478:
2454:
2434:
2419:
2408:
2399:
2390:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2349:
2338:
2327:
2321:978-9004151970
2320:
2300:
2291:
2285:978-9004129757
2284:
2264:
2255:978-1473895249
2254:
2234:
2228:978-1472809049
2227:
2209:
2195:
2173:
2161:
2145:"Flamethrower"
2133:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2052:
1931:
1928:
1847:
1844:
1835:
1832:
1820:Kharkiv Oblast
1788:
1785:
1768:
1765:
1747:John A. Toolan
1742:
1739:
1727:
1724:
1715:
1712:
1633:to smuggle an
1619:
1616:
1584:Main article:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1548:
1545:
1536:
1533:
1524:
1521:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1380:
1377:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1263:
1253:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1216:flame fougasse
1200:
1199:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1164:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1132:
1129:
1096:
1093:
1053:
1050:
998:
995:
991:flame fougasse
961:was produced.
921:
920:
917:
910:
908:
905:
898:
896:
893:
886:
882:
879:
877:
874:
845:
842:
790:Zeebrugge Raid
646:
643:
619:
616:
599:
596:
559:
556:
544:Wujing Zongyao
534:Wujing Zongyao
454:Wujing Zongyao
437:Main article:
434:
431:
427:John Skylitzes
375:Main article:
372:
369:
337:
336:Ancient Greece
334:
326:
323:
315:piezo ignition
310:
307:
239:fougasse-style
193:conditions of
191:trench warfare
168:
165:
150:mass flow rate
119:7th century AD
111:First deployed
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4541:
4530:
4529:Light sources
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4514:Flamethrowers
4512:
4511:
4509:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4419:
4413:
4409:
4404:
4400:
4395:
4391:
4385:
4381:
4376:
4369:
4367:9780786474707
4363:
4359:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4329:
4325:
4319:
4316:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4293:
4286:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4225:
4219:
4216:
4204:
4200:
4194:
4191:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4173:
4170:
4158:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4131:
4126:
4122:
4116:
4113:
4108:
4104:
4098:
4095:
4084:on 2010-01-12
4083:
4079:
4073:
4070:
4059:on 2010-01-17
4058:
4054:
4048:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4011:
4008:
3997:
3993:
3987:
3984:
3973:
3969:
3963:
3960:
3948:
3944:
3938:
3935:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3905:
3902:
3891:
3890:www.aa.com.tr
3887:
3881:
3878:
3866:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3848:
3841:
3838:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3801:
3797:
3791:
3788:
3783:
3779:
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3253:0-8117-0079-8
3249:
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3228:0-8071-2081-2
3224:
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3210:
3205:
3203:1-882810-46-5
3199:
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3188:
3185:
3180:
3178:1-55587-950-0
3174:
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3154:
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3112:1-4053-0477-4
3109:
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3077:
3076:1-4053-0477-4
3073:
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3019:
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2957:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2942:1-57488-452-2
2939:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2915:
2914:netleland.net
2911:
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2205:
2199:
2196:
2184:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2151:on 2007-05-18
2150:
2146:
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2129:
2125:
2119:
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2110:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
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2086:
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2078:
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2075:Huo Long Jing
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:Islamic State
2033:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1918:and owner of
1917:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1902:
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1896:
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1784:
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1778:
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1759:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1741:Iraq conflict
1740:
1738:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1688:County Armagh
1685:
1680:
1676:
1675:County Tyrone
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1625:
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1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1600:New Caledonia
1597:
1593:
1587:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1541:Iran-Iraq War
1534:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1506:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1489:
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1313:
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1296:
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1285:
1280:
1276:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1245:
1241:United States
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:Matilda tanks
1227:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1156:
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1110:
1101:
1094:
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1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1071:, and during
1070:
1066:
1062:
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1049:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
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1027:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1008:
1003:
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994:
992:
988:
983:
981:
980:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
951:Stroop Report
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
929:
927:
926:Flammenwerfer
914:
909:
902:
897:
890:
885:
880:
875:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
843:
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839:
835:
832:
828:
827:Bolivian Army
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
804:
802:
797:
795:
794:flammenwerfer
791:
787:
786:
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768:
764:
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752:
749:
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743:
739:
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733:
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720:
719:Western Front
716:
711:
707:
704:
700:
699:Flammenwerfer
696:
692:
691:
690:Flammenwerfer
685:
681:
676:
673:
671:
665:
657:
652:
644:
642:
638:
636:
631:
629:
625:
617:
615:
611:
608:
604:
597:
595:
593:
589:
586:) of 1206 by
585:
581:
577:
576:bÄb al-mustaq
573:
569:
565:
558:Islamic World
557:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
539:Southern Tang
536:
535:
530:
527:
523:
519:
518:Kingdom of Wu
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:Wu-Yue Beishi
491:
487:
486:
481:
477:
473:
469:
468:
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308:
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281:
279:
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273:Vietnam in HD
263:
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227:
223:
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212:
208:
202:
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196:
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184:
180:
179:
178:Brandkommando
173:
166:
164:
162:
159:, such as in
158:
153:
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147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
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108:
104:
100:
97:
93:
70:
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59:
55:
51:
46:
40:
33:
19:
18:Flammenwerfer
4407:
4398:
4379:
4353:
4332:. Retrieved
4330:. 2016-08-23
4327:
4318:
4307:. Retrieved
4296:
4285:
4266:
4260:
4250:
4228:. Retrieved
4218:
4207:. Retrieved
4203:The Guardian
4202:
4193:
4182:
4172:
4161:. Retrieved
4151:
4142:
4133:
4124:
4115:
4106:
4097:
4086:. Retrieved
4082:the original
4072:
4061:. Retrieved
4057:the original
4047:
4033:
4021:
4010:
3999:. Retrieved
3995:
3986:
3975:. Retrieved
3971:
3962:
3951:. Retrieved
3946:
3937:
3926:. Retrieved
3914:
3904:
3893:. Retrieved
3889:
3880:
3869:. Retrieved
3864:
3855:
3846:
3840:
3829:. Retrieved
3827:. 2015-11-23
3824:
3815:
3804:. Retrieved
3802:. 2015-11-23
3799:
3790:
3762:
3755:
3744:. Retrieved
3739:
3730:
3711:
3705:
3694:. Retrieved
3692:. 1992-12-14
3689:
3680:
3672:
3668:
3660:
3656:
3648:
3644:
3636:
3632:
3617:
3612:
3597:
3592:
3583:
3578:
3566:
3546:
3539:
3528:. Retrieved
3523:
3498:
3486:. Retrieved
3482:
3472:
3461:. Retrieved
3459:(in Swedish)
3456:
3446:
3427:
3421:
3410:. Retrieved
3408:. 2022-04-26
3405:
3378:. Retrieved
3376:. 2018-07-02
3373:
3364:
3345:
3339:
3328:. Retrieved
3324:
3314:
3306:
3289:
3269:
3262:
3243:
3237:
3218:
3212:
3193:
3187:
3168:
3162:
3150:
3144:
3136:
3131:
3123:
3118:
3100:World War II
3099:
3095:
3087:
3082:
3064:World War II
3063:
3059:
3045:
3034:. Retrieved
3030:
3021:
3010:. Retrieved
3006:
2982:. Retrieved
2978:
2955:
2949:
2933:
2928:
2917:. Retrieved
2913:
2904:
2885:
2879:
2871:
2865:
2861:
2848:
2836:
2817:
2811:
2800:. Retrieved
2796:
2787:
2768:
2748:
2718:
2706:
2689:
2685:
2674:. Retrieved
2670:
2648:, retrieved
2643:
2636:
2617:
2595:. Retrieved
2593:. 2018-09-13
2590:
2581:
2570:. Retrieved
2566:
2557:
2537:
2530:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2470:. Retrieved
2466:
2457:
2448:
2428:
2422:
2411:
2402:
2393:
2372:
2363:
2352:
2341:
2330:
2310:
2303:
2294:
2274:
2267:
2259:
2244:
2237:
2218:
2212:
2198:
2187:. Retrieved
2176:
2169:
2164:
2153:. Retrieved
2149:the original
2128:the original
2118:
2090:Meng Huo You
2085:M202A1 FLASH
2045:
2034:
2023:
2021:
2014:
2007:
1974:
1972:
1933:
1910:
1903:
1887:
1881:
1874:
1855:
1837:
1805:
1790:
1770:
1755:
1744:
1732:
1729:
1717:
1692:Scots Guards
1671:Stewartstown
1639:the Troubles
1622:In 1981 the
1621:
1608:paratroopers
1589:
1575:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1510:
1502:
1490:
1482:
1470:Vietnam Wars
1459:
1417:MosinâNagant
1406:
1393:
1390:
1379:Soviet Union
1373:
1348:
1333:
1325:
1321:
1228:
1220:
1209:
1201:
1167:World War II
1134:
1106:
1073:World War II
1055:
1043:
1033:
1023:
1012:
984:
979:Flammpanzers
978:
963:
935:urban fights
932:
925:
922:
850:World War II
847:
844:World War II
820:
805:
798:
793:
784:
780:
760:
753:
750:
747:
744:
740:
736:
728:
724:
698:
689:
680:flamethrower
679:
677:
674:
666:
662:
639:
632:
621:
618:19th century
612:
605:
601:
598:18th century
591:
583:
579:
575:
572:bÄb al-midfa
571:
567:
563:
561:
548:Song dynasty
543:
532:
501:
493:
483:
465:
463:
459:Song dynasty
452:
439:Meng Huo You
429:manuscript.
414:Poliorcetica
408:-hose and a
383:
380:
371:Roman Empire
350:
319:
312:
290:
282:
271:
268:
256:
235:
219:
203:
199:World War II
188:
176:
167:Military use
154:
131:
127:World War II
92:flamethrower
91:
89:
52:used by the
3488:7 September
2467:www.navy.su
2025:Chosun Ilbo
1983:dump trucks
1944:agriculture
1916:Tesla, Inc.
1878:misdemeanor
1858:federal law
1828:thermobaric
1797:RPO-A Shmel
1704:Carrickmore
1684:Crossmaglen
1612:French Army
1566:RPO-A Shmel
1529:Vietnam War
1454:M67 "Zippo"
1428:US military
1392:Department
1369:flame tanks
1344:Omaha Beach
1331:in Hawaii.
1121:Guadalcanal
1063:during the
1061:flame tanks
1013:During the
966:Sd.Kfz. 251
870:flame tanks
801:French Army
703:German Army
423:Arab Empire
363:during the
285:aerosol can
215:pilot flame
195:World War I
142:blowtorches
123:World War I
69:Vietnam War
4508:Categories
4334:2023-12-17
4328:Iraqi News
4309:2016-04-14
4301:. London.
4230:2018-02-08
4209:2020-07-11
4163:2010-03-04
4088:2010-03-04
4063:2010-03-04
4001:2017-02-08
3977:2022-11-23
3953:2022-11-21
3928:2023-03-30
3895:2023-03-30
3871:2023-12-14
3831:2023-09-17
3806:2023-03-30
3746:2022-10-16
3736:"War News"
3696:2019-06-07
3530:2022-11-21
3463:2023-03-30
3412:2023-04-06
3406:HistoryNet
3380:2023-04-06
3330:2023-02-12
3036:2023-12-14
3012:2023-12-13
2919:2023-03-30
2851:. London.
2802:2023-12-13
2793:"Weaponry"
2676:2023-12-16
2650:2023-12-13
2597:2023-04-01
2591:HistoryNet
2572:2023-12-16
2472:2023-12-15
2189:2010-03-04
2155:2007-05-26
1956:harvesters
1952:canebrakes
1948:sugar cane
1930:Other uses
1866:California
1628:gun runner
1558:M202 FLASH
1547:Post-1980s
1409:camouflage
1165:A British
1113:Corregidor
1015:Winter War
974:Panzer III
831:Paraguayan
785:Vindictive
649:See also:
564:MafÄtÄ«áž„ al
510:Wenmu King
504:). In the
480:Wu Renchen
467:Pen Huo Qi
402:Heliopolis
398:Kallinikos
390:Greek fire
377:Greek fire
329:See also:
134:heated oil
3923:0362-4331
3865:La Stampa
3637:Fortnight
2111:Citations
2070:Flame gun
1964:driptorch
1914:, CEO of
1912:Elon Musk
1826:multiple
1610:from the
1562:RPO "Rys"
1423:1945â1980
1293:on Saipan
970:Panzer II
949:(see the
862:U.S. Army
854:Wehrmacht
823:Chaco War
672:in 1916.
670:Fort Vaux
522:gunpowder
386:Byzantine
361:Athenians
357:Boeotians
309:Operation
226:pillboxes
161:sugarcane
39:Flame war
4303:Archived
3782:51555045
3299:Archived
3157:, p. 229
2984:3 August
2853:Archived
2522:25643354
2514:18543573
2054:See also
2041:Tal Afar
2010:Iraq War
1950:, where
1870:Maryland
1816:Kupyansk
1777:Rohingya
1773:Tatmadaw
1604:gendarms
1598:island,
1560:and the
1398:Fougasse
1258:uses an
876:Axis use
816:Cruzeiro
574:and the
502:Dashiguo
299:Ram tank
278:Hill 875
207:nitrogen
4026:CA Regs
3825:Reuters
2567:btgv.ru
1991:sanders
1906:Blaster
1899:Belfast
1862:firearm
1801:Donetsk
1767:Myanmar
1667:Rosslea
1665:, near
1572:Vietnam
1523:Vietnam
1291:pillbox
1214:to use
1173:in 1944
1131:Romania
997:Finland
881:Germany
825:by the
717:on the
701:to the
552:Mongols
529:bellows
482:in his
472:naphtha
449:Chinese
325:History
244:snipers
230:propane
222:bunkers
211:igniter
175:German
146:propane
117:in the
113:by the
4414:
4386:
4364:
4273:
3972:roe.ru
3921:
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