124:
325:
817:
838:
796:
732:
711:
859:
153:
753:
775:
1390:
2004: An annotated catalogue of
Fulgoromorpha, :37–137. In: Fossil Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) of the world. An annotated catalogue with notes on Hemiptera classification. Swzedo, J., Th. Bourgoin & F. Lefèbvre. J. Swzedo edt., Warsaw 2004, 199 pp + 8
880:
272:, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of
312:
Planthoppers are laterally flattened and hold their broad wings vertically, in a tent-like fashion, concealing the sides of the body and part of the legs. Nymphs of many fulgoroids produce wax from special glands on the abdominal
913:
884:
888:
886:
883:
882:
1132:
887:
347:
mechanism at the base of the hind legs, which keeps the legs in synchrony when the insects jump. The gears, not present in the adults, were known for decades before the recent description of their function.
917:
921:
919:
916:
914:
920:
885:
1366:
1237:"The earliest find of Tropiduchidae (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha), representing a new tribe, from the Eocene of Green River, USA, with notes on the fossil record of higher Fulgoroidea"
276:. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. The infraorder contains two
918:
1311:"Keys To The Families Of Fulgoromorpha with emphasis on planthoppers of potential economic importance in the southeastern United States (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha)"
3520:
3366:
1236:
1412:
3581:
3327:
1075:
Dietrich, C. H. (2009). "Auchenorrhyncha: (Cicadas, Spittlebugs, Leafhoppers, Treehoppers, and
Planthoppers)". In Resh, V. H.; Carde, R. T. (eds.).
3507:
3353:
881:
1092:
956:
Evans, J. W. (1946). "A natural classification of leaf-hoppers (Jassoidea, Homoptera). Part 1. External morphology and systematic position".
795:
837:
915:
1449:
731:
816:
752:
229:
858:
710:
3512:
3358:
387:
Both planthopper adults and nymphs feed by sucking sap from plants; in so doing, the nymphs produce copious quantities of
152:
774:
3445:
3265:
1349:
1310:
1114:
Zoologische Jahrbücher: Abteilung für
Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere Abteilung für Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere
1401:
123:
3319:
3525:
3371:
1251:
321:
and help conceal the insects. Adult females of many families also produce wax which may be used to protect eggs.
3576:
1418:
1330:
324:
1442:
301:
865:
738:
3571:
3205:
665:
802:
654:
Early
Cretaceous- early Late Cretaceous, Argentina, Lebanon, Mongolia, Myanmar, Russia, Spain, New Jersey
3389:
1408:
377:
352:
277:
3535:
3481:
3381:
3252:
1348:
1996-2015. FLOW (Fulgoromorpha Lists on The Web): a world knowledge base dedicated to
Fulgoromorpha.
1165:
1144:
996:
760:
610:
388:
372:
2347:
3068:
2809:
2569:
2394:
1424:
on the
University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Featured Creatures website
3078:
2767:
2741:
285:
3436:
2368:
2245:
2236:
1435:
1178:
844:
334:
147:
35:
31:
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3543:
3301:
2028:
1988:
1750:
1217:
1170:
1088:
1024:
895:
781:
717:
658:
488:
300:, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous
297:
3243:
3548:
3111:
3053:
3048:
2882:
2793:
2556:
2334:
2326:
2253:
2036:
1898:
1325:
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1209:
1160:
1152:
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1004:
965:
641:
614:
402:
397:
3106:
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3012:
2916:
2911:
2848:
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2564:
2417:
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2222:
2212:
2194:
2130:
1785:
1518:
930:
606:
524:
422:
289:
269:
214:
366:
A number of extinct members of
Fulgoroidea are known from the fossil record, such as the
1148:
1000:
3314:
3132:
2890:
2772:
2535:
2506:
2308:
2217:
2202:
2073:
2060:
1967:
1938:
1818:
1722:
1606:
1565:
1270:"Detection and variability of the lethal yellowing group (16Sr IV) phytoplasmas in the
1084:
1019:
984:
969:
823:
765:
637:
462:
3565:
3450:
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2999:
2939:
2921:
2877:
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2731:
2629:
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2363:
2355:
2089:
2012:
2004:
1914:
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1653:
1640:
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1555:
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1269:
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807:
648:
621:
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529:
467:
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132:
81:
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2667:
2655:
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2207:
2174:
2120:
1996:
1959:
1922:
1877:
1702:
1627:
1619:
1530:
1502:
1350:
https://web.archive.org/web/20140111091457/http://www.hemiptera-databases.org/flow/
1213:
870:
580:
452:
447:
3421:
1009:
985:"A Molecular Phylogeny of Hemiptera Inferred from Mitochondrial Genome Sequences"
3494:
3430:
3340:
3306:
3237:
3176:
3119:
3030:
2965:
2947:
2929:
2898:
2726:
2527:
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2020:
1951:
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273:
56:
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3004:
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2460:
2102:
1975:
1893:
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1760:
1737:
1645:
1632:
1570:
1560:
1539:
934:
849:
786:
743:
519:
504:
499:
478:
329:
318:
262:
101:
66:
17:
3083:
3043:
3035:
2975:
2960:
2934:
2832:
2706:
2485:
2477:
2441:
2292:
2143:
2135:
2081:
1980:
1867:
1697:
1490:
1478:
1459:
1427:
1156:
1133:"Interacting Gears Synchronize Propulsive Leg Movements in a Jumping Insect"
600:
442:
406:
293:
204:
184:
164:
106:
1221:
1174:
1028:
3280:
1335:
3473:
3468:
3460:
3415:
3288:
3222:
3148:
3091:
2991:
2983:
2903:
2840:
2801:
2714:
2621:
2498:
2425:
2313:
2300:
2052:
2044:
1930:
1838:
1830:
1745:
1732:
1717:
1707:
1496:
903:
828:
722:
540:
483:
473:
457:
367:
137:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
3293:
3096:
3058:
2759:
2751:
2634:
2514:
1755:
493:
410:
111:
86:
3499:
3345:
1601:
1585:
1484:
1472:
381:
360:
314:
258:
194:
174:
3332:
3199:
1197:
3172:
1851:
323:
3486:
1046:
344:
3203:
2164:
1815:
1515:
1431:
363:
of plants and can be transmitted by planthoppers when feeding.
1108:
Sander, K. (1957). "Bau und
Funktion des Sprungapparates von
536:
And the
Delphacidea contains the following extant families:
288:. Fulgoroids are most reliably distinguished from the other
1196:
Lee, I.-M.; Davis, R. E.; Gundersen-Rindal, D. E. (2000).
1331:
10.1653/0015-4040(2005)88[464:KTTFOF]2.0.CO;2
958:
1999:(cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, ground pearls)
1274:
sp. (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) in Jamaica"
3179:. Heteroptera with Coleorrhyncha were referred to as
1268:
Brown, S. E.; Been, B. O.; McLaughlin, W. A. (2006).
395:
often grows. One species considered to be a pest is
296:
in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented
3405:
3212:
3131:
3021:
2974:
2860:
2831:
2822:
2689:
2680:
2654:
2620:
2599:
2578:
2555:
2526:
2497:
2476:
2459:
2416:
2377:
2346:
2325:
2291:
2274:
2244:
2235:
2193:
2101:
2072:
1876:
1850:
1829:
1683:
1666:
1618:
1584:
1538:
1529:
409:disease that nearly killed off the Jamaican Tall
1367:Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera): catalogue.
1079:(2nd ed.). Academic Press. pp. 56–64.
627:Early Cretaceous- early Late Cretaceous, Eurasia
2788:(assassin bugs, wheel bugs, thread-legged bugs)
1443:
8:
343:Fulgoroid nymphs also possess a biological
339:) with abdominal filaments of ketoester wax
3200:
2828:
2686:
2651:
2473:
2413:
2288:
2241:
2190:
2186:
2161:
1826:
1812:
1680:
1535:
1526:
1512:
1450:
1436:
1428:
983:Song, N.; Liang, A.-P.; Bu, C.-P. (2012).
292:by two features; the bifurcate (Y-shaped)
122:
42:
1329:
1289:
1198:"Phytoplasma: Phytopathogenic Mollicutes"
1166:1983/69cf1502-217a-4dca-a0d3-f8b247794e92
1164:
1018:
1008:
688:monotypic, Shaanxi, China, Late Triassic
432:The extant families of Fulgoroidea are:
429:as a replacement for the Fulgoromorpha.
948:
706:
317:and other parts of the body. These are
1070:
1068:
1040:
1038:
7:
3536:9e60cbd6-1c50-4123-a6e9-1479ddd5288e
3382:7f1c48c3-c173-4b31-a1fb-252b868ace0b
2942:(jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs)
937:stem. Includes a slow motion segment
894:Green coneheaded planthoppers,
596:monotypic, Burmese amber, Cenomanian
2754:(plant bugs, leaf bugs, grass bugs)
2701:(minute pirate bugs or flower bugs)
2358:(marsh treaders or water measurers)
244:
1112:Walker (Homoptera – Fulgoridae)".
1085:10.1016/B978-0-12-374144-8.00015-1
970:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1946.tb00442.x
30:For the Pandanus planthopper, see
25:
3582:Insect vectors of plant pathogens
2893:(giant shield bugs and relatives)
1648:(typical treehoppers, thorn bugs)
1053:. Ohio State University Extension
496:(sometimes includes Caliscelidae)
36:Pandanus tectorius § Ecology
1291:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2006.00072.x
1131:Burrows, M.; Sutton, G. (2013).
911:
878:
857:
836:
815:
794:
773:
751:
730:
709:
678:monotypic, Yunnan, China, Eocene
151:
3086:(milkweed bugs, true seed bugs)
2994:(squash bugs, leaf-footed bugs)
2261:(unique-headed bugs, gnat bugs)
560:Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2018,
355:for plant diseases, especially
2517:(water scorpions, needle bugs)
1214:10.1146/annurev.micro.54.1.221
1:
1244:Russian Entomological Journal
1202:Annual Review of Microbiology
576:Early-Upper Jurassic, Eurasia
1250:(3): 315–322. Archived from
1010:10.1371/journal.pone.0048778
425:, some authors use the name
3143:(red bugs, cotton stainers)
1405:, citrus flatid planthopper
1309:Wilson, Stephen W. (2005).
1045:Boggs, Joe (14 June 2016).
3598:
1415:Featured Creatures website
551:Extinct families include:
29:
3164:
2650:
2412:
2189:
2185:
2160:
1970:(pupillarial palm scales)
1825:
1811:
1525:
1511:
1467:
1278:Annals of Applied Biology
698:Burmese amber, Cenomanian
586:Burmese amber, Cenomanian
242:
237:
148:Scientific classification
146:
130:
121:
45:
1235:Shcherbakov, D. (2006).
902:, on the underside of a
401:, which is a vector for
2084:(woolly conifer aphids)
1157:10.1126/science.1240284
1077:Encyclopedia of Insects
898:in the infraorder
351:Planthoppers are often
3007:(scentless plant bugs)
2007:(Mediterranean scales)
1422:, a flatid planthopper
340:
27:Superfamily of insects
3390:Paleobiology Database
3151:(bordered plant bugs)
2924:(includes ebony bugs)
2590:(creeping water bugs)
1409:University of Florida
866:Bruchomorpha decorata
739:Flatolystra verrucosa
378:Green River Formation
327:
3122:(ash-grey leaf bugs)
3114:(atypical seed bugs)
2780:(old world bat bugs)
2709:(bed bugs, bat bugs)
2637:(pygmy backswimmers)
2546:(velvety shore bugs)
2138:(jumping plant lice)
1420:Ormenaria rufifascia
1370:Fauna of New Zealand
1318:Florida Entomologist
761:Dictyophara europaea
666:Guanyintan Formation
644:, France, Cenomanian
611:Lushangfen Formation
52:Carboniferous–Recent
2986:(broad-headed bugs)
2337:(velvet water bugs)
1925:(ornate pit scales)
1149:2013Sci...341.1254B
1143:(6151): 1254–1256.
1001:2012PLoSO...748778S
803:Paropioxys jucundus
421:As mentioned under
2509:(giant water bugs)
2436:(spiny shore bugs)
2369:Paraphrynoveliidae
2282:(semiaquatic bugs)
2237:Enicocephalomorpha
2031:(phenacoleachiids)
2029:Phenacoleachiidae
1991:(false pit scales)
1989:Lecanodiaspididae
1110:Pyrilla perpusilla
845:Euricania facialis
662:Szwedo et al. 2011
470:(= Eurybrachyidae)
359:which live in the
341:
268:, in the suborder
142:adults and nymphs
32:Jamella australiae
3559:
3558:
3544:Open Tree of Life
3206:Taxon identifiers
3197:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3160:
3159:
3152:
3144:
3123:
3115:
3112:Rhyparochromidae
3087:
3039:
3008:
2995:
2987:
2956:
2943:
2925:
2907:
2894:
2886:
2883:Acanthosomatidae
2870:
2852:
2844:
2818:
2817:
2805:
2797:
2796:(royal palm bugs)
2794:Thaumastocoridae
2789:
2781:
2763:
2755:
2722:
2710:
2702:
2676:
2675:
2646:
2645:
2638:
2612:
2591:
2547:
2539:
2518:
2510:
2489:
2469:
2467:(true water bugs)
2455:
2454:
2437:
2429:
2408:
2407:
2387:
2359:
2338:
2317:
2304:
2284:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2231:
2230:
2180:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2139:
2093:
2085:
2064:
2056:
2055:(giant mealybugs)
2048:
2040:
2037:Phoenicococcidae
2032:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1934:
1926:
1918:
1910:
1902:
1899:Asterolecaniidae
1886:
1860:
1842:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1751:Hypochthonellidae
1741:
1676:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1636:
1610:
1594:
1548:
1403:Metcalfa pruinosa
1094:978-0-12-374144-8
922:
896:Acanalonia conica
889:
782:Pyrops candelaria
718:Metcalfa pruinosa
697:
687:
686:Zhang et al. 2021
677:
668:, China, Toarcian
663:
659:Qiyangiricaniidae
653:
636:
626:
605:
595:
585:
584:Zhang et al. 2019
575:
561:
489:Hypochthonellidae
251:
250:
233:
16:(Redirected from
3589:
3552:
3551:
3539:
3538:
3529:
3528:
3516:
3515:
3503:
3502:
3490:
3489:
3477:
3476:
3464:
3463:
3454:
3453:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3398:
3397:
3385:
3384:
3375:
3374:
3362:
3361:
3349:
3348:
3336:
3335:
3323:
3322:
3310:
3309:
3297:
3296:
3284:
3283:
3274:
3273:
3261:
3260:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3201:
3171:are a different
3166:
3150:
3142:
3121:
3113:
3085:
3054:Cryptorhamphidae
3049:Colobathristidae
3037:
3006:
2993:
2985:
2954:
2941:
2923:
2906:(burrowing bugs)
2905:
2892:
2884:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2850:
2849:Termitaphididae
2842:
2829:
2803:
2795:
2787:
2779:
2761:
2753:
2719:Curalium cronini
2716:
2708:
2700:
2687:
2660:
2652:
2636:
2610:
2589:
2557:Aphelocheiroidea
2545:
2537:
2516:
2508:
2487:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2435:
2427:
2414:
2388:
2386:
2385:(water treaders)
2383:
2357:
2336:
2315:
2303:(water striders)
2302:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2260:
2259:Enicocephalidae
2254:Aenictopecheidae
2246:Enicocephaloidea
2242:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2162:
2137:
2091:
2083:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1969:
1961:
1954:(armored scales)
1953:
1945:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1840:
1827:
1813:
1739:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1647:
1634:
1608:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1536:
1527:
1513:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1429:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Larivière, M.-C.
1347:
1342:
1340:
1334:. Archived from
1333:
1315:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1241:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1168:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1022:
1012:
980:
974:
973:
953:
924:
923:
891:
890:
861:
840:
819:
798:
777:
755:
734:
713:
696:Song et al. 2019
695:
685:
675:
661:
652:Shcherbakov 2007
651:
642:Charentese amber
634:
625:Shcherbakov 2007
624:
615:Yixian Formation
603:
594:Luo et al. 2020,
593:
583:
573:
559:
403:lethal yellowing
398:Haplaxius crudus
228:
156:
155:
126:
116:
53:
49:Temporal range:
43:
21:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3577:Auchenorrhyncha
3562:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3547:
3542:
3534:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3511:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3485:
3480:
3472:
3467:
3459:
3457:
3449:
3444:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3401:
3393:
3388:
3380:
3378:
3370:
3365:
3357:
3352:
3344:
3339:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3313:
3305:
3300:
3292:
3287:
3279:
3277:
3269:
3264:
3256:
3251:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3208:
3198:
3185:
3156:
3127:
3107:Pachygronthidae
3074:Heterogastridae
3017:
3013:Stenocephalidae
2970:
2917:Parastrachiidae
2912:Thaumastellidae
2891:Tessaratomidae
2867:
2865:
2864:
2856:
2824:Pentatomomorpha
2814:
2672:
2659:(Coleorrhyncha)
2658:
2657:
2656:Peloridiomorpha
2642:
2616:
2595:
2574:
2565:Aphelocheiridae
2551:
2536:Gelastocoridae
2522:
2507:Belostomatidae
2493:
2488:(water boatmen)
2466:
2464:
2463:
2451:
2418:Leptopodomorpha
2404:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2373:
2342:
2321:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2266:
2227:
2223:Stemmocryptidae
2213:Hypsipterygidae
2195:Dipsocoromorpha
2181:
2177:
2171:
2148:
2131:Phacopteronidae
2097:
2068:
2063:(stictococcids)
2061:Stictococcidae
2045:Pseudococcidae
2023:(ensign scales)
1968:Halimococcidae
1884:(scale insects)
1883:
1881:
1880:
1872:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1846:
1821:
1795:
1786:Tettigometridae
1673:
1671:
1670:
1658:
1614:
1609:(hairy cicadas)
1607:Tettigarctidae
1591:
1589:
1588:
1580:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1521:
1519:Auchenorrhyncha
1507:
1463:
1456:
1398:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1345:
1338:
1313:
1308:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1254:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1095:
1074:
1073:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1044:
1043:
1036:
982:
981:
977:
955:
954:
950:
945:
938:
925:
912:
907:
892:
879:
874:
862:
853:
841:
832:
820:
811:
799:
790:
778:
769:
756:
747:
735:
726:
714:
705:
676:Lin et al. 2010
617:, China, Aptian
607:Crato Formation
574:Handlirsch 1939
534:
525:Tettigometridae
427:Archaeorrhyncha
423:Auchenorrhyncha
419:
384:) in Colorado.
310:
290:Auchenorrhyncha
270:Auchenorrhyncha
227:
215:Auchenorrhyncha
150:
141:
117:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
51:
50:
47:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3595:
3593:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3564:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3540:
3530:
3517:
3504:
3491:
3478:
3465:
3455:
3442:
3427:
3411:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3386:
3376:
3363:
3350:
3337:
3324:
3315:Fauna Europaea
3311:
3298:
3285:
3275:
3262:
3249:
3234:
3218:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3146:
3141:Pyrrhocoridae
3137:
3135:
3133:Pyrrhocoroidea
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3117:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3033:
3027:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3002:
2997:
2989:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2950:
2945:
2940:Scutelleridae
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:Thyreocoridae
2919:
2914:
2909:
2901:
2896:
2888:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2851:(termite bugs)
2846:
2837:
2835:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2783:
2775:
2773:Plokiophilidae
2770:
2765:
2757:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2712:
2704:
2695:
2693:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2632:
2626:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2611:(backswimmers)
2605:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2584:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2541:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2512:
2503:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2482:
2480:
2471:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2431:
2422:
2420:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:Hydrometridae
2352:
2350:
2348:Hydrometroidea
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2331:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2311:
2309:Hermatobatidae
2306:
2297:
2295:
2286:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2218:Schizopteridae
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:Ceratocombidae
2199:
2197:
2183:
2182:
2165:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2092:(phylloxerans)
2090:Phylloxeridae
2087:
2078:
2076:
2074:Phylloxeroidea
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2018:
2015:(giant scales)
2013:Monophlebidae
2010:
2005:Micrococcidae
2002:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1973:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1944:Dactylopiidae
1941:
1939:Conchaspididae
1936:
1928:
1920:
1917:(carayonemids)
1915:Carayonemidae
1912:
1904:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1835:
1833:
1823:
1822:
1819:Sternorrhyncha
1816:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1740:(lanternflies)
1735:
1730:
1725:
1723:Dictyopharidae
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1678:
1674:(planthoppers)
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1643:
1638:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1598:
1596:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1566:Clastopteridae
1563:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1533:
1523:
1522:
1516:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1416:
1397:
1396:External links
1394:
1393:
1392:
1377:
1363:Larochelle, A.
1359:Fletcher, M.J.
1352:
1343:
1341:on 2010-12-06.
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1260:
1257:on 2012-04-02.
1227:
1208:(1): 221–255.
1188:
1123:
1100:
1093:
1064:
1047:"Planthoppers"
1034:
995:(11): e48778.
975:
947:
946:
944:
941:
940:
939:
926:
910:
908:
893:
877:
875:
863:
856:
854:
842:
835:
833:
824:Siphanta acuta
821:
814:
812:
800:
793:
791:
779:
772:
770:
766:Dictyopharidae
757:
750:
748:
736:
729:
727:
715:
708:
704:
701:
700:
699:
689:
679:
669:
655:
645:
638:Lebanese amber
628:
618:
597:
587:
577:
567:
549:
548:
543:
533:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
465:
463:Dictyopharidae
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
434:
418:
417:Classification
415:
309:
306:
249:
248:
240:
239:
235:
234:
222:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
144:
143:
128:
127:
119:
118:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3594:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3572:Fulgoromorpha
3570:
3569:
3567:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3452:
3451:Fulgoromorpha
3447:
3443:
3438:
3437:Fulgoromorpha
3432:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3407:Fulgoromorpha
3404:
3396:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3245:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3182:
3181:Prosorrhyncha
3178:
3174:
3170:
3169:Coleorrhyncha
3163:
3153:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Henicocoridae
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3001:
3000:Hyocephalidae
2998:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2953:Pentatomidae
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2885:(shield bugs)
2881:
2879:
2878:Urostylididae
2876:
2875:
2873:
2868:(shield bugs)
2863:
2862:Pentatomoidea
2859:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2810:Velocipedidae
2808:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2778:Polyctenidae
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2762:(damsel bugs)
2758:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2747:Microphysidae
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2732:Lasiochilidae
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2713:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2699:Anthocoridae
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2653:
2649:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2630:Helotrephidae
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2613:
2609:Notonectidae
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2601:Notonectoidea
2598:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2570:Potamocoridae
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2434:Leptopodidae
2432:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2395:Madeoveliidae
2393:
2392:
2390:
2380:
2379:Mesovelioidea
2376:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2364:Macroveliidae
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2316:(riffle bugs)
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2175:Coleorrhyncha
2169:
2163:
2159:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2039:(palm scales)
2035:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2003:
2001:
1997:Margarodidae
1995:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1962:(felt scales)
1960:Eriococcidae
1958:
1956:
1950:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1933:(soft scales)
1929:
1927:
1923:Cerococcidae
1921:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1903:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1810:
1792:
1791:Tropiduchidae
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1728:Eurybrachidae
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:Acanaloniidae
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1669:
1668:Fulgoromorpha
1665:
1655:
1654:Myerslopiidae
1652:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1641:Melizoderidae
1639:
1637:
1635:(leafhoppers)
1633:Cicadellidae
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1576:Machaerotidae
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:Aphrophoridae
1554:
1553:
1551:
1546:(froghoppers)
1541:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1510:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1353:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1264:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1052:
1048:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
979:
976:
971:
967:
963:
959:
952:
949:
942:
936:
932:
929:
909:
905:
901:
900:Fulgoromorpha
897:
876:
872:
868:
867:
860:
855:
851:
847:
846:
839:
834:
830:
826:
825:
818:
813:
809:
808:Eurybrachidae
805:
804:
797:
792:
788:
784:
783:
776:
771:
767:
763:
762:
754:
749:
745:
741:
740:
733:
728:
724:
720:
719:
712:
707:
702:
694:
690:
684:
680:
674:
670:
667:
660:
656:
650:
649:Perforissidae
646:
643:
640:, Barremian,
639:
633:
629:
623:
622:Mimarachnidae
619:
616:
612:
608:
604:Hamilton 1990
602:
598:
592:
588:
582:
578:
572:
571:Fulgoridiidae
568:
565:
564:Burmese amber
558:
554:
553:
552:
547:
544:
542:
539:
538:
537:
531:
530:Tropiduchidae
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
469:
468:Eurybrachidae
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
438:Acanaloniidae
436:
435:
433:
430:
428:
424:
416:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
399:
394:
390:
385:
383:
379:
375:
374:
369:
364:
362:
358:
354:
349:
346:
338:
336:
331:
328:Planthopper (
326:
322:
320:
316:
307:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:superfamilies
275:
271:
267:
266:Fulgoromorpha
264:
260:
256:
247:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
225:Fulgoromorpha
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
154:
149:
145:
139:
135:
134:
133:Flatida rosea
129:
125:
120:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
18:Fulgoromorpha
3406:
3213:
3120:Piesmatidae
3102:Oxycarenidae
3079:Idiostolidae
3038:(stilt bugs)
2955:(stink bugs)
2768:Pachynomidae
2742:Medocostidae
2737:Lyctocoridae
2718:
2682:Cimicomorpha
2668:Peloridiidae
2447:Aepophilidae
2428:(shore bugs)
2400:Mesoveliidae
2208:Dipsocoridae
2121:Carsidaridae
2021:Ortheziidae
1983:(lac scales)
1952:Diaspididae
1946:(cochineals)
1909:(beesoniids)
1907:Beesoniidae
1901:(pit scales)
1841:(whiteflies)
1839:Aleyrodidae
1831:Aleyrodoidea
1703:Achilixiidae
1684:
1667:
1646:Membracidae
1628:Aetalionidae
1620:Membracoidea
1531:Cicadomorpha
1503:Paraneoptera
1501:Superorder:
1495:Infraclass:
1419:
1402:
1388:Lefèbvre, F.
1373:
1369:
1336:the original
1321:
1317:
1284:(1): 53–62.
1281:
1277:
1271:
1263:
1252:the original
1247:
1243:
1230:
1205:
1201:
1191:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1076:
1055:. Retrieved
1050:
992:
988:
978:
964:(3): 47–60.
961:
957:
951:
927:
871:Caliscelidae
864:
843:
822:
801:
780:
759:
737:
716:
581:Jubisentidae
566:, Cenomanian
550:
535:
453:Caliscelidae
448:Achilixiidae
431:
426:
420:
396:
386:
371:
365:
357:phytoplasmas
350:
342:
333:
311:
286:Delphacoidea
274:grasshoppers
265:
254:
252:
243:
224:
221:Infraorder:
131:
40:
3495:iNaturalist
3431:Wikispecies
3341:iNaturalist
3271:FULGOROIDEA
3258:Fulgoroidea
3244:Fulgoroidea
3238:Wikispecies
3214:Fulgoroidea
3177:Heteroptera
3031:Artheneidae
3005:Rhopalidae
2966:Megarididae
2948:Plataspidae
2930:Lestoniidae
2899:Dinidoridae
2843:(flat bugs)
2804:(lace bugs)
2786:Reduviidae
2727:Joppeicidae
2715:Curaliidae
2588:Naucoridae
2580:Naucoroidea
2544:Ochteridae
2538:(toad bugs)
2528:Ochteroidea
2276:Gerromorpha
2168:Heteroptera
2126:Homotomidae
2116:Calophyidae
2111:Aphalaridae
2047:(mealybugs)
1776:Nogodinidae
1771:Meenoplidae
1738:Fulgoridae
1713:Delphacidae
1685:Fulgoroidea
1540:Cercopoidea
1384:Bourgoin T.
1346:Bourgoin T.
928:Planthopper
693:Yetkhatidae
683:Szeiiniidae
673:Weiwoboidae
664:monotypic,
635:Szwedo 2007
632:Neazoniidae
562:monotypic,
557:Dorytocidae
546:Delphacidae
515:Nogodinidae
510:Meenoplidae
393:sooty mould
391:, on which
337:reticularis
335:Pterodictya
319:hydrophobic
282:Fulgoroidea
255:planthopper
46:Planthopper
3566:Categories
3084:Lygaeidae
3064:Geocoridae
3036:Berytidae
3023:Lygaeoidea
2707:Cimicidae
2691:Cimicoidea
2486:Corixidae
2478:Corixoidea
2461:Nepomorpha
2136:Psyllidae
2103:Psylloidea
2082:Adelgidae
1981:Kerriidae
1976:Kermesidae
1894:Aclerdidae
1852:Aphidoidea
1781:Ricaniidae
1766:Lophopidae
1761:Kinnaridae
1586:Cicadoidea
1571:Epipygidae
1561:Cercopidae
1489:Subclass:
1479:Arthropoda
1303:References
1120:: 383–388.
1057:29 January
935:coneflower
850:Ricaniidae
787:Fulgoridae
744:Fulgoridae
591:Katlasidae
520:Ricaniidae
505:Lophopidae
500:Kinnaridae
479:Fulgoridae
330:Fulgoridae
263:infraorder
211:Suborder:
185:Arthropoda
3422:Q15818163
3149:Largidae
3044:Blissidae
2992:Coreidae
2984:Alydidae
2976:Coreoidea
2961:Canopidae
2935:Phloeidae
2904:Cydnidae
2841:Aradidae
2833:Aradoidea
2802:Tingidae
2442:Omaniidae
2426:Saldidae
2335:Hebridae
2327:Hebroidea
2314:Veliidae
2301:Gerridae
2293:Gerroidea
2166:Suborder
2144:Triozidae
2053:Putoidae
1931:Coccidae
1878:Coccoidea
1868:Aphididae
1817:Suborder
1698:Achilidae
1602:Cicadidae
1592:(cicadas)
1517:Suborder
1491:Pterygota
1471:Kingdom:
1460:Hemiptera
1380:Swzedo J.
1051:Bug Bytes
609:, Brazil
601:Lalacidae
443:Achilidae
413:variety.
376:from the
294:anal vein
238:Families
205:Hemiptera
171:Kingdom:
165:Eukaryota
3469:BugGuide
3458:BioLib:
3416:Wikidata
3289:BugGuide
3278:BioLib:
3229:Q1570985
3223:Wikidata
3092:Malcidae
2760:Nabidae
2752:Miridae
2635:Pleidae
2622:Pleoidea
2515:Nepidae
2499:Nepoidea
1858:(aphids)
1746:Gengidae
1733:Flatidae
1718:Derbidae
1708:Cixiidae
1497:Neoptera
1477:Phylum:
1473:Animalia
1462:families
1324:(4): 4.
1222:11018129
1183:24640726
1175:24031019
1029:23144967
989:PLOS ONE
904:milkweed
829:Flatidae
758:nymphal
723:Flatidae
541:Cixiidae
484:Gengidae
474:Flatidae
458:Derbidae
389:honeydew
373:Emiliana
368:Lutetian
308:Overview
298:antennae
245:See text
181:Phylum:
175:Animalia
161:Domain:
138:Flatidae
3487:2645565
3474:1888661
3097:Ninidae
3059:Cymidae
1756:Issidae
1485:Insecta
1483:Class:
1458:Extant
1407:on the
1145:Bibcode
1137:Science
1020:3493603
997:Bibcode
703:Gallery
494:Issidae
411:coconut
353:vectors
261:in the
257:is any
201:Order:
195:Insecta
191:Class:
3549:866091
3533:NZOR:
3513:708928
3500:372860
3379:NZOR:
3359:109173
3281:100680
3167:Note:
1365:2010:
1272:Cedusa
1220:
1181:
1173:
1091:
1027:
1017:
931:nymphs
382:Eocene
361:phloem
302:arista
259:insect
232:, 1946
3526:33361
3461:16827
3395:70509
3372:36151
3346:52073
3320:15869
3294:12744
3175:from
3173:clade
2172:(with
1339:(PDF)
1314:(PDF)
1255:(PDF)
1240:(PDF)
1179:S2CID
943:Notes
370:-age
315:terga
230:Evans
3521:NCBI
3508:ITIS
3367:NCBI
3354:ITIS
3333:1805
3328:GBIF
1413:IFAS
1218:PMID
1171:PMID
1089:ISBN
1059:2021
1025:PMID
906:leaf
407:palm
405:, a
345:gear
284:and
57:PreꞒ
34:and
3482:EoL
3446:AFD
3302:CoL
3266:AFD
3253:ADW
1391:pl.
1372:, (
1326:doi
1286:doi
1282:149
1210:doi
1161:hdl
1153:doi
1141:341
1081:doi
1015:PMC
1005:doi
966:doi
933:on
3568::
3546::
3523::
3510::
3497::
3484::
3471::
3448::
3433::
3418::
3392::
3369::
3356::
3343::
3330::
3317::
3307:FL
3304::
3291::
3268::
3255::
3240::
3225::
1386:;
1382:;
1374:63
1361:;
1357:;
1322:88
1320:.
1316:.
1280:.
1276:.
1248:15
1246:.
1242:.
1216:.
1206:54
1204:.
1200:.
1177:.
1169:.
1159:.
1151:.
1139:.
1135:.
1118:75
1116:.
1087:.
1067:^
1049:.
1037:^
1023:.
1013:.
1003:.
991:.
987:.
962:96
960:.
613:,
332::
304:.
280:,
253:A
107:Pg
3183:.
2721:)
2717:(
2178:)
1451:e
1444:t
1437:v
1411:/
1376:)
1328::
1294:.
1288::
1224:.
1212::
1185:.
1163::
1155::
1147::
1097:.
1083::
1061:.
1031:.
1007::
999::
993:7
972:.
968::
873:)
869:(
852:)
848:(
831:)
827:(
810:)
806:(
789:)
785:(
768:)
764:(
746:)
742:(
725:)
721:(
691:†
681:†
671:†
657:†
647:†
630:†
620:†
599:†
589:†
579:†
569:†
555:†
380:(
140:)
136:(
112:N
102:K
97:J
92:T
87:P
82:C
77:D
72:S
67:O
62:Ꞓ
38:.
20:)
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