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184:, and they said they would standardize on Futurebus if only a few more changes would be made. Seeing a potential massive government buy, the additions effort started immediately on Futurebus+. It took another four years for the Futurebus+ Standard to be released. By this time custom variations of Futurebus took the lead in industry.
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links, allowing the devices plugged into it to talk at whatever speed they wished. Another problem that needed to be addressed was the ability to have several cards in the system as "masters", allowing
Futurebus to build multiprocessor machines. This required some form of "distributed arbitration" to
163:
standards start with a company building a device, then submitting it to the IEEE for the standardization effort. In the case of
Futurebus, this was reversed; the whole system was being designed during the standardization effort. This proved to be its downfall. As companies came to see Futurebus as
23:
links between machines. The project started in 1979 and was completed in 1987, but then went through a redesign until 1994. By then, the implementation of a chipset based on the standard lacked industry leadership. As a result, it has seen little real-world use, although custom implementations are
187:
All of the
Futurebus+ proponents had their ideas of what Futurebus+ should be. This degenerated into profiles, different versions of Futurebus+ targeted towards a particular market. Boards that were compliant with one Futurebus+ profile were not guaranteed to work with boards built to a different
366:
Futurebus+ supports bus widths from 32 to 256 bits. It is possible to build a board that supports all of these bus widths and will interoperate with boards that only support a subset. Split bus transactions are supported so that slow response to a read or write will not tie up the backplane bus.
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the system, they all joined in. Soon the standards meetings had hundreds of people attending, all of them demanding that their particular needs and wants be included. As the complexity grew, the standards process slowed. It took eight years before the specification was finally agreed on in 1987.
195:
were close in performance terms. Meanwhile, the VME ecosystem had evolved to such a degree that it continues to be used today, another decade on. Custom implementations of the
Futurebus technology are currently used as backplane technologies for high-end network applications, enterprise class
207:. Due to the simplicity of these standards, both standards were completed before Futurebus+. Futurebus+ was ahead of its time in the 1980s. VME and other parallel bus standards are still trying to adapt concepts that are implemented in Futurebus, especially in high performance applications.
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to VME on separate cards to build a computer. However, as the speed of the CPUs and RAM rapidly increased, VME was quickly overwhelmed. Increasing the speed of VME was not easy, because all of the parts plugged into it would have to be able to support these faster speeds as well.
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allow the various cards to gain access to the bus at any point, as opposed to VME, which put a single master in slot 0 with overall control. In order to have a clear performance benefit, Futurebus was designed to have the performance needed ten years in the future.
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Futurebus looked to fix these problems and create a successor to systems like VMEbus with a system that could grow in speed without affecting existing devices. In order to do this the primary technology of
Futurebus was built using
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profile. The
Futurebus+ standards development politics got so complicated that the IEEE 896 committee split from the IEEE Microcomputer Standards Committee and formed the IEEE Bus Architecture Standards Committee (BASC).
168:
did make a few workstations based on
Futurebus. American Logic Machines (ALM) continues to build end to end system Futurebus hybrid solutions, including VME-to-Futurebus+ and other Bus-to-Futurebus bridge technologies.
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protocols, was very complicated but significantly improved performance. Futurebus+ was one of the first open standards to support Live
Insertion which allowed boards to be replaced while the system was running.
214:, Live Insertion of boards, and Trapezoidal Transceivers. Trapezoidal Transceivers have a controlled risetime and make backplane and bus design much simpler. The original Trapezoidal Transceivers were made by
378:
One of the most elegant features of the
Futurebus design is its distributed bus arbitration mechanism. See US patent number 5060139 for more information. In the end this was replaced by a central arbiter.
343:
896.2 contains three
Profiles for target markets, A for general purpose systems, B for an I/O bus, and F for a Futurebus+ will all the options that will make it go fast. Profile A was sponsored by the
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In the end there was very little use of Futurebus. The decade-long performance gap they gave the system had evaporated in the decade-long standards process, and conventional local bus systems like
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Futurebus helped to promote the usefulness of simpler serial technologies. A group organized to create a system aimed directly at this need, which eventually led to
19:
Futurebus (IEEE 896) is a computer bus standard designed to replace all local bus connections in a computer, including the CPU, memory, plug-in cards, and even some
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operating system. Futurebus+ custom chips support advanced Symmetric and Asymmetric versions of Unix-Like operating systems supported by companies such as
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Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.
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Many of the technical features (asynchronous data bus, distributed bus arbitration, large board size) are shared with IEEE standard
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203:(SCI). Meanwhile, another member decided to simple re-create the entire concept on a much simpler basis, which resulted in
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1301.1-1991 IEEE Standard for a Metric Equipment Practice for Microcomputers—Convection-Cooled with 2 mm Connectors
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who had been looking for a new high-speed system for the Next Generation Computer Resources (NGCR) project for passing
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1194.1-1991 IEEE Standard for Electrical Characteristics of Backplane Transceiver Logic (BTL) Interface Circuits
253:. FASTBUS was used as a data acquisition system in many high-energy physics experiments in the 1980s and 1990s.
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routers, high performance blade servers, and application with high demand-content such as video on demand.
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1101-1987 IEEE Standard for Mechanical Core Specifications for Microcomputers Using IEC 603-2 Connectors
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896.2-1991 IEEE Standard Backplane Bus Specification for Multiprocessor Architectures: Futurebus+
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896.1-1987 IEEE Standard Backplane Bus Specifications for Multiprocessor Architectures: Futurebus
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EIA IS-64 (1991) 2 mm Two-Part Connectors for Use with Printed Boards and Backplanes
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1301 Standard for Metric Equipment Practice for Microcomputers - Coordination Document
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Futurebus+ boards are 12SUx12SU Hard Metric size defined in the IEEE 1301 standards.
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896.8 Small computer expandibility module for Futurebus+ systems, profile D (desktop)
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connectors resulting in a backplane that supported both 16 and 32 bit bus widths.
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systems as an I/O bus. Profile F was sponsored by John Theus while he worked at
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1156.1 Standard Microprocessor Environmental Specifications for Computer Modules
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was faster than the parts plugged into it. It was quite reasonable to connect a
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Futurebus systems were implemented with 9Ux280 Eurocard mechanics using 96-pin
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Std 1194.1-1991 Backplane Transceiver Logic (BTL) standard are still made by
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896.12 Standard for Fault Tolerance Classification of Computer-Based Systems
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896.6 Futurebus+ telecommunications systems, profile T (telecommunications)
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896.4-1993 IEEE Standard for Conformance Test Requirements for Futurebus+
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896.1-1991 IEEE Standard for Futurebus+ — Logical Protocol Specification
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62: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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896.11 Standard for IEEE 1355 Links on Futurebus+ Backplane Connector
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896.9-1994 Fault tolerant extensions to the Futurebus+ architecture
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896.10-1997 Standard for Futurebus+ Spaceborne Systems - Profile S
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896.5-1993 IEEE Standard for Futurebus+, Profile M (Military)
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Futurebus was the source of some of the original work on
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431:"Tektronix Unveils Family Of Graphics Workstations"
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896.3-1993 IEEE recommended practice for Futurebus+
830:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
283:To understand Futurebus+ you need to read many
24:still designed and used in various industries.
218:. Newer Futurebus+ transceivers that meet the
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309:896.7 Interconnect between Futurebus+ systems
8:
363:and was intended for high end workstations.
226:. Futurebus+ was used as the I/O bus in the
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454:Futurebus+ Handbook for Digital Systems,
451:The Futurebus+ Handbook, John Theus, VITA
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
421:
367:Cache Coherence, implemented using the
347:community. Profile B was sponsored by
261:Futurebus is described in just a few
7:
180:data around in their newly designed
60:adding citations to reliable sources
429:Marshall, Martin (April 24, 1989).
238:boards are still supported in the
14:
474: (archived February 12, 2010)
1231:
1230:
36:
47:needs additional citations for
16:Universal computer bus standard
399:Scalable Coherent Interconnect
172:That was just in time for the
1:
825:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect
456:Digital Equipment Corporation
349:Digital Equipment Corporation
803:Intel QuickPath Interconnect
793:Direct Media Interface (DMI)
201:Scalable Coherent Interface
2618:
2571:IEEE Standards Association
788:Compute Express Link (CXL)
2561:
1224:
1025:IEEE-1284 (parallel port)
940:logical device interface)
182:Seawolf-class submarines
2576:Category:IEEE standards
244:American Logic Machines
587:List of bus bandwidths
216:National Semiconductor
1030:IEEE-1394 (FireWire)
768:PCI Extended (PCI-X)
234:systems. Futurebus+
56:improve this article
871:Parallel ATA (PATA)
351:and implemented in
134:In the late 1970s,
71:"Futurebus history"
778:PCI Express (PCIe)
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955:Apple Desktop Bus
932:PCI Express (via
891:Serial ATA (SATA)
577:Network on a chip
224:Texas Instruments
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1659:WiMAX · d · e
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1237:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1191:Multidrop bus
1189:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1152:
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1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1098:External PCIe
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1078:Parallel SCSI
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
970:Commodore bus
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
952:
950:
946:
939:
935:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
918:Fibre Channel
916:
914:
911:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
846:
842:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
819:
816:
815:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
598:
594:
588:
585:
583:
582:Plug and play
580:
578:
575:
573:
572:Bus mastering
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
547:Back-side bus
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
532:
528:
524:
521:
517:
515:
510:
503:
498:
496:
491:
489:
484:
483:
480:
473:
469:
466:
465:
461:
457:
453:
450:
449:
445:
436:
432:
425:
422:
415:
411:
408:
406:
403:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
382:
380:
376:
373:
370:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
289:
288:
286:
281:
279:
271:
268:
267:
266:
264:
256:
254:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:DEC 10000 AXP
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
197:
194:
189:
185:
183:
179:
175:
170:
167:
162:
157:
154:
148:
145:
141:
137:
126:
123:
115:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This section
43:
39:
34:
33:
27:
25:
22:
2565:
2361:
2337:
2303:
2252:
2197:
1961:
1934:
1907:
1331:
723:TURBOchannel
513:
434:
424:
405:Bus topology
377:
374:
365:
342:
282:
275:
260:
248:
228:DEC 4000 AXP
209:
198:
190:
186:
171:
158:
153:asynchronous
149:
133:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
18:
2138:legacy mode
1196:CoreConnect
1175:ExpressCard
1103:Thunderbolt
1093:Camera Link
876:Bus and Tag
562:Address bus
557:Control bus
552:Daisy chain
287:standards:
265:standards:
257:Description
112:August 2024
2591:Categories
2516:Superseded
1587:802 series
1049:ACCESS.bus
948:Peripheral
748:InfiniBand
743:HP GSC bus
537:System bus
416:References
389:InfiniBand
82:newspapers
2391:Bluetooth
1010:Lightning
960:Atari SIO
835:SpaceWire
668:Zorro III
608:S-100 bus
603:SS-50 bus
596:Standards
516:standards
509:Technical
435:InfoWorld
394:QuickRing
361:Tektronix
205:QuickRing
166:Tektronix
2566:See also
2523:754-1985
2480:Proposed
1824:Ethernet
1310:Revision
1236:Category
1211:Wishbone
1184:Embedded
1163:Portable
1083:Profibus
1015:DMX512-A
901:Parallel
753:Ethernet
663:Zorro II
613:Multibus
514:de facto
383:See also
159:Typical
2507:P1906.1
2368:Wi-Fi 8
2344:Wi-Fi 7
2310:Wi-Fi 6
2259:Wi-Fi 5
2204:Wi-Fi 4
1283:Current
1216:SLIMbus
1170:PC Card
1154:TOSLINK
844:Storage
798:RapidIO
678:FASTBUS
633:STD Bus
530:General
470:at the
410:FASTBUS
251:FASTBUS
240:OpenVMS
174:US Navy
96:scholar
28:History
2411:Zigbee
2379:802.15
2119:802.11
1357:1149.1
1149:S/PDIF
1040:1-Wire
1005:RS-485
1000:RS-423
995:RS-422
990:RS-232
851:ST-506
808:NVLink
658:STEbus
618:Unibus
345:VMEbus
136:VMEbus
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
2502:P1823
2497:P1699
2492:P1619
2487:P1363
2269:WiGig
2133:-1997
2124:Wi-Fi
1833:-1983
1819:802.3
1701:802.1
1577:42010
1572:29148
1567:16326
1562:16085
1557:14764
1552:12207
1547:11073
1144:McASP
1112:Audio
1057:SMBus
1053:PMBus
1035:UNI/O
975:HP-IL
928:SATAe
913:ESCON
886:HIPPI
718:NuBus
673:CAMAC
643:Q-Bus
638:SMBus
623:VAXBI
520:wired
468:Buses
401:(SCI)
357:Alpha
178:sonar
103:JSTOR
89:books
2553:1471
2548:1364
2543:1362
2538:1233
2533:1219
1803:LACP
1542:2050
1537:2030
1532:1905
1527:1904
1522:1902
1517:1901
1512:1900
1507:1855
1502:1850
1497:1849
1492:1815
1487:1801
1482:1800
1477:1733
1472:1722
1467:1685
1462:1675
1457:1667
1452:1666
1447:1619
1442:1613
1437:1603
1432:1596
1427:1588
1422:1584
1417:1547
1412:1541
1407:1516
1402:1497
1397:1451
1392:1394
1387:1355
1382:1284
1377:1278
1372:1275
1367:1164
1362:1154
1352:1076
1347:1016
1342:1014
1337:1003
1201:AMBA
1139:MADI
1124:AES3
985:MIDI
938:NVMe
934:AHCI
896:SCSI
881:DSSI
856:ESDI
733:SBus
693:EISA
628:MBus
518:for
511:and
369:MESI
355:and
285:IEEE
263:IEEE
236:FDDI
230:and
220:IEEE
161:IEEE
142:and
75:news
2528:830
2452:.4z
2447:.4g
2442:.4f
2437:.4e
2432:.4d
2427:.4c
2422:.4b
2417:.4a
1744:Qbb
1739:Qaz
1734:Qay
1729:Qat
1724:Qav
1691:.24
1686:.22
1681:.21
1676:.20
1671:.18
1666:.17
1654:.16
1649:.14
1644:.12
1639:.10
1596:802
1332:896
1327:829
1322:828
1317:854
1305:754
1300:730
1295:693
1290:488
1205:AXI
1134:I²S
1088:USB
1073:D²B
1068:SPI
1063:I3C
1045:I²C
980:HIL
965:DCB
936:or
923:SSA
906:SAS
866:SMD
861:IPI
783:AGP
773:PXI
763:PCI
758:UPA
738:VLB
728:MCA
713:VPX
708:VXS
703:VXI
698:VME
683:LPC
653:ISA
353:VAX
278:DIN
193:PCI
144:RAM
140:CPU
58:by
21:LAN
2593::
2467:.7
2462:.6
2457:.5
2407:.4
2402:.3
2397:.2
2387:.1
2363:bn
2358:bk
2355:bi
2352:bh
2349:bf
2339:be
2334:bd
2331:bc
2327:bb
2323:ba
2320:az
2316:ay
2305:ax
2300:aq
2297:ak
2293:aj
2288:ai
2283:ah
2278:af
2274:ae
2265:ad
2254:ac
2249:aa
2109:df
2104:de
2099:dd
2094:db
2089:da
2084:cz
2079:cy
2074:cx
2069:cw
2064:cv
2059:cu
2054:ct
2049:cs
2044:cr
2039:cq
2034:cp
2029:cn
2024:cm
2019:ck
2014:ch
2009:cg
2004:ce
1999:cd
1994:cc
1989:cb
1984:ca
1979:bz
1974:by
1969:bu
1963:bt
1957:ba
1952:az
1947:av
1942:au
1936:at
1930:aq
1925:an
1920:ak
1915:ah
1909:af
1903:ae
1898:ad
1893:ac
1888:ab
1809:BA
1799:AX
1794:AS
1789:aq
1784:ak
1779:ah
1774:ag
1769:AE
1764:ad
1759:AB
1634:.9
1629:.8
1624:.7
1619:.6
1614:.5
1609:.4
1604:.2
1055:,
1051:,
433:.
246:.
2413:)
2409:(
2393:)
2389:(
2370:)
2366:(
2346:)
2342:(
2312:)
2308:(
2271:)
2267:(
2261:)
2257:(
2245:z
2240:y
2235:w
2230:v
2225:u
2220:s
2215:r
2210:p
2206:)
2202:(
2199:n
2193:k
2188:j
2183:i
2178:h
2173:g
2168:f
2163:e
2158:d
2153:c
2148:b
2143:a
2126:)
2122:(
1883:z
1878:y
1873:x
1868:u
1863:j
1858:i
1853:e
1848:d
1843:b
1838:a
1826:)
1822:(
1805:)
1801:(
1754:X
1749:w
1719:Q
1714:p
1709:D
1268:e
1261:t
1254:v
1207:)
1203:(
1059:)
1047:(
501:e
494:t
487:v
437:.
125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
