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be in secondary use, having formed part of earlier monuments elsewhere. Most strikingly, the top of the chamber ceiling slab bore the depiction of a bull, the horns of a further animal, and a motif known from other monuments that has often been interpreted as an axe (Twohig 1981), but which has also been interpreted as a representation of a whale, and thus as a "mythic animal" (Whittle 2000). The slab can be joined with the ceiling stones of two other monuments, the
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The tomb was built c. 4200–4000 BC. Its use ceased around 3000 BC, when the entrance was sealed. At that time, the light wooden structures cladding its entrance were burnt, after which part of the mound collapsed, obscuring and blocking the passage. A layer of windblown sand transformed the monument
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In 1984, it was discovered that the external side of some slabs, now covered by cairn material, is also decorated, but in a different style from their internal face. This decoration must have been applied before the cairn was erected. Archaeologists suspect that at least a number of those slabs may
426:
took place in 1835, when the internal chamber was discovered. Further research was undertaken by the archaeologist
Zacharie Le Rouzic who began restoration work around 1930. Further works took place in the 1960s and 1970s. Charles-Tanguy Leroux, former director of Breton Antiquities, undertook
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The mound covers a single rectangular (nearly square) slab-built burial chamber, located at the centre of the mound and measuring about 2.5m across. The chamber is built of about 50 carefully placed slabs. The biggest of these is the ceiling slab which weighs nearly 17 tons. Such simple
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or staffs. A common horn-like motif may symbolise cattle, and a shape conventionally called the shield may be a very stylised human figure. More abstract motifs include zigzag lines, lozenges, and snake-like lines.
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The stone mound has a diameter of about 50m. The mass of stones forming the cairn is internally structured by a series of walls, subdividing it into separate "ranks". It is a characteristic example of
Neolithic
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462:-type chambers, reached by passages, were very common in Brittany between 4500 and 3000 BC. At the same time, similar monuments were constructed in
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slabs that form the sides of the passage, 23 are decorated with carved symbols and patterns. Some of the symbols appear to represent non-
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Whittle, Alisdair (2000). "Very Like a Whale: Menhirs, Motifs and Myths in the
Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition of Northwest Europe".
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dolmen and the Er Vinglé tomb, at
Locmariaquer, at a distance of 4 km. The three slabs appear to have once formed a massive 14m
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A replica of part of the
Gavrinis passage with its decorated slabs can be visited in the museum at the megalithic necropolis of
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804:"The first radiocarbon dates for the construction and use of the interior of the monument at Gavrinis (Lamor-Baden, France)"
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Cassen, S.; L'Helgouac'H, J. (1992). "Du
Symbole de la crosse: chronologie, répartition et interprétation".
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414:. The tomb is also remarkable for the care taken in its construction and its good preservation.
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studies and consolidation works in the 1980s. Further excavation is in the planning stages.
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Reachable by boat from the town of Larmor-Baden near the opening of
Morbihan Gulf to the
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rock outcrop of 750 × 400m. Its highest point dominates much of the surrounding area.
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A decorated slab within the passage, note the anthropomorphic "shield" motif on top
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The chamber is reached from outside by a 14m-long corridor or passage. Of the 29
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Cassen, Serge; Grimaud, V; Lescop, L; Marcoux, N; Oberlin, C; Querre, G (2014).
322:(island), thus suggesting a meaning of "goat island". This is probably a false
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French government guide to the
Morbihan megaliths, excellent illustrations
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period, belonging to the same broad context as the Breton megaliths of
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XVIIème colloque interrégional sur le Néolithique: Vannes 1990, actes
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Le Roux, Charles-Tanguy (1985). "Gavrinis et les îles du
Morbihan".
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326:. In documents dating from 1184 and 1202, the island is named as
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Le Roux, Charles-Tanguy (1985). "New excavations at
Gavrinis".
18:
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is popularly believed to be derived from the Breton words
266:. It is likened to other Neolithic passage tombs such as
262:. Stones inside the passage and chamber are covered in
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Decorated slabs from the Gavrinis passage (replica in
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646:L'Helgouac'H, J. (1983). "Les Idoles qu'on abat".
258:built around 4200–4000 BC, making it one of the
808:Past: The Newsletter of the Prehistoric Society
639:Gavrinis et les mégalithes du golfe du Morbihan
836:Images and comparisons to Newgrange in Ireland
648:Bulletin de la Société Polymatique du Morbihan
394:, and closely connected with the monuments at
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597:Decorated slab with carved depictions of axes
8:
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365:The entrance to the Gavrinis passage grave
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69:Learn how and when to remove this message
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32:This article includes a list of general
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489:Replica of part of Gavrinis passage in
374:The island is famous for its important
792:Ouest-France, Thursday, 27 July 2006.
16:French island and megalithic monument
7:
2537:Buildings and structures in Morbihan
704:The Megalithic Art of Western Europe
334:, respectively. The old Breton word
1095:Megaliths in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
251:. It contains the Gavrinis tomb, a
682:Guides archéologiques de la France
260:world's oldest surviving buildings
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1632:Great Dolmen of Comenda da Igreja
814:. University College London: 1–4.
684:. Paris: Ministère de la Culture.
342:, but to parallels such as Welsh
2557:Archaeological sites in Brittany
2542:Megalithic monuments in Brittany
713:Cambridge Archaeological Journal
637:Le Roux, Charles-Tanguy (2006).
602:
590:
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122:
121:
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23:
2567:Tourist attractions in Morbihan
2119:List of recumbent stone circles
2522:4th-millennium BC architecture
1197:List of multiple-stone circles
641:. Éditions Jean-Paul Gisserot.
532:, similar to the great broken
298:, Gavrinis is an uninhabited
1:
2572:Uninhabited islands of France
286:The island of Gavrinis, with
2496:Photographs of stone circles
569:Gavrinis seen from the water
1647:Vale Maria do Meio Cromlech
1617:Barreira Megalithic Complex
1115:Route of Megalithic Culture
239:) is a small island in the
2588:
1967:Long Meg and Her Daughters
1765:Dolmen del prado de Lácara
1612:Great Dolmen of Zambujeiro
1192:List of five-stone circles
1166:La Gran'mère du Chimquière
706:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
2385:St Lythans burial chamber
1668:Dolmens of North Caucasus
1562:Anta do Alto da Toupeira
1212:Ardristan standing stones
725:10.1017/S0959774300000093
673:10.1017/S0003598X00057240
109:
97:
86:
2501:Middle Eastern megaliths
2400:Tŷ Newydd Burial Chamber
1597:Anta da Pedra dos Mouros
1327:Templebryan Stone Circle
1227:Brennanstown Portal Tomb
979:Broken Menhir of Er Grah
290:island in the foreground
104:Gavrinis tomb from above
2451:Concentric stone circle
1735:Chabola de la Hechicera
1602:Anta das Pedras Grandes
1592:Antas do Olival da Pêga
1252:Castlenalacht Stone Row
1085:Lancken-Granitz dolmens
984:Dolmen de Mané-Kerioned
697:. Rennes: RAO: 223–235.
498:The passage and its art
436:into a simple hillock.
53:more precise citations.
2491:Recumbent stone circle
1887:Burnmoor stone circles
1730:Antequera Dolmens Site
1678:Megaliths in the Urals
1105:Oldendorfer Totenstatt
1019:Locmariaquer megaliths
969:Menhir de Champ-Dolent
702:Twohig, E. S. (1981).
494:
366:
353:, signifying "wrath".
291:
236:
89:
2562:Landforms of Morbihan
2345:Lligwy Burial Chamber
1997:Nine Stones, Altarnun
1801:Obelisk of Theodosius
1750:Dolmen of Guadalperal
1622:Dolmen of Cunha Baixa
1479:Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum
1272:Gaulstown Portal Tomb
1262:Creevykeel Court Tomb
769:Knockroe Passage Tomb
488:
364:
357:Gavrinis passage tomb
285:
130:Shown within Brittany
2320:Carreg Coetan Arthur
1760:Dolmen de la Pastora
1627:Dolmen of Carapito I
1587:Anta do Monte Abraão
1217:Beltany stone circle
1049:Verziau of Gargantua
178:47.57389°N 2.89778°W
2532:Islands of Brittany
2370:Parc Cwm long cairn
2280:Barclodiad y Gawres
1484:Xagħra Stone Circle
1282:Grange stone circle
1257:Castlestrange Stone
526:Table des Marchands
510:, such as axes and
418:History of research
380:megalithic monument
174: /
83:
2552:Rock art in France
2441:Axial stone circle
2209:Loanhead of Daviot
2204:Kirkton of Bourtie
2199:Easter Aquhorthies
1877:Brown Willy Cairns
1780:La Torre–La Janera
1607:Anta da Vidigueira
1572:Anta de Carcavelos
1547:Almendres Cromlech
1374:Megalithic Temples
1337:Uragh Stone Circle
1317:Poulnabrone dolmen
1120:Sieben Steinhäuser
774:Prehistoric Europe
739:Table des Marchand
495:
367:
338:is not related to
292:
183:47.57389; -2.89778
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2124:Auld Bourtreebush
2002:Nine Stones Close
1745:Dolmen de Axeitos
1637:Menhir of Outeiro
1567:Antas do Barrocal
1552:Anta de Adrenunes
1423:Qortin l-Imdawwar
1232:Brownshill dolmen
1151:Le Creux ès Faïes
1039:Tombeau de Merlin
974:Dolmen de Bagneux
954:Tumulus of Bougon
480:Iberian Peninsula
226:
225:
79:
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71:
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2547:Stone Age Europe
2310:Bryn Gwyn stones
2300:Bryn Cader Faner
2179:Clach an Trushal
2066:Northern Ireland
2017:Rudston Monolith
1832:
1683:Russian geoglyph
1642:Menhir of Bulhoa
1582:Antas da Valeira
1302:Meehambee Dolmen
1100:Niedertiefenbach
1075:Fraubillen cross
1009:Hotié de Viviane
994:Gallardet Dolmen
959:Caixa de Rotllan
864:
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667:(227): 183–187.
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270:in Brittany and
241:Gulf of Morbihan
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2214:Lochmaben Stone
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1982:Mitchell's Fold
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1817:Boundary Stones
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1775:Dolmen de Viera
1755:Dolmen of Menga
1740:Cova d'en Daina
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59:February 2008
52:
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2481:Stone circle
2360:Meini Hirion
2315:Capel Garmon
2103:Giant's Ring
2032:Stanton Drew
1987:Mulfra Quoit
1952:Hordron Edge
1942:Grey Wethers
1912:Drizzlecombe
1852:Barbrook One
1448:Ta' Raddiena
1443:Ta' Marżiena
1297:Knocknakilla
1242:Carrigagulla
1156:Déhus Dolmen
998:
891:Zorats Karer
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743:Locmariaquer
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631:Bibliography
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538:Locmariaquer
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392:Locmariaquer
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311:
309:
293:
274:in Ireland.
256:passage tomb
228:
227:
212:4200–4000 BC
198:passage tomb
65:
56:
37:
2414:Isle of Man
2395:Tinkinswood
2380:Pentre Ifan
2340:Llanfechell
2335:Foel Chwern
2285:Bedd Arthur
2239:Steinacleit
1992:Nine Ladies
1962:Leper Stone
1872:Bridestones
1862:Boscawen-Un
1714:Stone ships
1692:Scandinavia
1493:Netherlands
1428:Santa Verna
1332:Turoe Stone
1307:Mount Venus
1110:Riesenstein
1034:Peyre-Brune
923:Beglik Tash
625:Deux-Sèvres
453:The chamber
424:excavations
318:(goat) and
181: /
157:Coordinates
51:introducing
2516:Categories
2405:Whetstones
2390:Trefignath
2355:Maen Madoc
2259:Tyrebagger
2254:Tomnaverie
2184:Colmeallie
2133:Callanish
2093:Drumskinny
2037:Stonehenge
1972:Mên-an-Tol
1947:Hoarstones
1927:Five Wells
1892:Castlerigg
1704:Runestones
1516:Brąchnówko
1438:Ta' Ħaġrat
1287:High cross
1247:Carrowmore
1171:Le Trépied
1125:Wotanstein
900:Azerbaijan
780:References
478:, and the
422:The first
370:Importance
332:Guerg Enes
328:Guirv Enes
169:02°53′52″W
166:47°34′26″N
34:references
2527:Neolithic
2486:Stone row
2466:Harrespil
2350:Maen Llia
2194:Drybridge
2189:Dunnideer
2174:Cat Stane
2129:Balquhain
2098:Legananny
2083:Beaghmore
2012:Rollright
1882:Bull Ring
1867:Boskednan
1842:Arbor Low
1785:Son Matge
1521:Grzybnica
1408:Ħal Ġinwi
1403:Ħaġar Qim
1065:Altendorf
1029:Paddaghju
1024:Mane Braz
1004:Harrespil
872:megaliths
870:European
754:Maes Howe
749:Newgrange
661:Antiquity
504:orthostat
447:dry stone
440:The cairn
404:Maes Howe
384:Neolithic
382:from the
348:Old Irish
324:etymology
310:The name
288:Er Lannic
278:Geography
272:Newgrange
253:Neolithic
221:Neolithic
2249:Sunhoney
2244:Strichen
2234:Stenness
2112:Scotland
2078:Ballynoe
2073:Aughlish
2047:Swinside
2042:Stripple
2022:Scorhill
1937:Goodaver
1922:Fernacre
1907:Doll Tor
1857:Birkrigg
1540:Portugal
1463:Tas-Silġ
1453:Tal-Qadi
1398:Ġgantija
1393:Debdieba
1292:Kealkill
1222:Bohonagh
1207:Ardgroom
1176:La Varde
1139:Guernsey
1070:Denghoog
1014:Kerzérho
999:Gavrinis
989:Filitosa
949:Barnenez
916:Bulgaria
886:Metsamor
834:Gavrinis
759:Barnenez
733:See also
654:: 57–68.
512:croziers
464:Normandy
312:Gavrinis
268:Barnenez
245:Brittany
237:Gavriniz
229:Gavrinis
147:Brittany
143:Morbihan
139:Location
90:Gavriniz
82:Gavrinis
2434:General
2295:Bodowyr
2229:Sheldon
2219:Pictish
2057:Trippet
2027:Stannon
1957:Hurlers
1847:Avebury
1835:England
1828:Kingdom
1810:Ukraine
1531:Węsiory
1500:Hunebed
1468:Xemxija
1458:Tarxien
1418:Mnajdra
1388:Buġibba
1267:Drombeg
1185:Ireland
1130:Züschen
1080:Harhoog
1058:Germany
1044:Tremeca
879:Armenia
615:Replica
585:Museum)
544:Gallery
476:Britain
472:Ireland
400:Ireland
300:granite
217:Periods
209:Founded
204:History
47:improve
2471:Menhir
2456:Dolmen
2169:Carlin
2088:Corick
2007:Pipers
1826:United
1794:Turkey
1661:Russia
1509:Poland
1433:Skorba
1413:Kordin
1346:Jersey
964:Carnac
942:France
764:Bougon
621:Bougon
583:Bougon
534:menhir
493:Museum
491:Bougon
468:Poitou
460:dolmen
408:Orkney
402:) and
388:Carnac
249:France
233:Breton
151:France
36:, but
2461:Henge
2273:Wales
1917:Duloe
1723:Spain
1367:Malta
1322:Reask
1090:Lohra
928:Garlo
470:, in
346:, or
344:gwery
336:Guerg
2157:VIII
1526:Odry
466:and
431:Date
390:and
378:, a
351:ferg
340:gavr
330:and
320:enez
316:gavr
306:Name
194:Type
2147:III
721:doi
669:doi
652:110
627:).
536:of
243:in
2518::
2152:IV
2142:II
812:77
810:.
806:.
717:10
715:.
693:.
665:59
663:.
650:.
482:.
474:,
247:,
235::
149:,
145:,
2162:X
2137:I
1475:)
1376:(
863:e
856:t
849:v
745:)
741:(
727:.
723::
695:5
675:.
671::
623:(
406:(
398:(
231:(
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
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