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of 1978 or so, half a dozen wonderfully eclectic – if mildly disreputable – late night movie houses operated within a few blocks of each other. Each grindhouses was a colorful oasis, plopped down in the middle of a seedy urban sprawl perfectly suited to the sailors on shore leave and porn aficionados
172:
for adults. According to historian David Church, this theater type was named after the "grind policy", a film-programming strategy dating back to the early 1920s which continuously showed films at cut-rate ticket prices that typically rose over the course of each day. This exhibition practice was
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Because grindhouse theaters were nasty places, full of nasty people, and most of us wouldn't be caught dead in one. The few folks who were there for the actual movies were either poverty tourists or cinephiles who didn't notice anything except the flickering screen, and, in many cases, their
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audience, grindhouse theaters gradually became perceived as disreputable places that showed disreputable films, regardless of the variety of films – including subsequent-run
Hollywood films – that were actually screened. Similar second-run screenings are held at
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A couple of bucks got you a double or triple bill, screened 'round the clock in cavernous single-screen movie theaters harkening back to
Hollywood's golden age, rich in cinematic history and replete with big wide aisles and accommodating balconies. Horton Plaza had the
393:
381:
366:, an exploitation aficionado newsletter that ran in the 1980s, were compiled into a book of the same title by authors Bill Landis and Michelle Clifford; the book discusses various exploitation subgenres as well as New York City's
240:
Double, triple, and "all night" bills on a single admission charge often encouraged patrons to spend long periods of time in the theaters. The milieu was largely and faithfully captured at the time by the magazine
263:; the distinguishing characteristics of the "grindhouse" are its typical urban setting and the programming of first-run films of low merit, not predominantly second-run films which had received wide releases.
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out of older city areas in the mid to late 1960s, changing economics forced these theaters to either close or offer something that television could not. In the 1970s, many of these theaters became venues for
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The introduction of television greatly eroded the audience for local and single-screen movie theaters, many of which were built during the cinema boom of the 1930s. In combination with
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markedly different from the era's more common practice of fewer shows per day and graduated pricing for different seating sections in large urban theatres, which were typically
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321:. Quality varied, but low budget production values and poor print quality were common. Critical opinions varied regarding typical grindhouse fare, but many films acquired
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Films shot for and screened at grindhouses characteristically contain large amounts of sex, violence, or bizarre subject matter. One featured genre were "roughies" or
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207:(1943) one of the characters refers to one such burlesque theatre on 42nd Street as a "grindhouse," but Church points out the primary definition in the
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357:. Another example was the Jolar Theater in Nashville, Tennessee, on lower Broadway, which was active until it burned down on April 14, 1978.
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cinephilia had burned out their sense of discrimination, because a lot of the movies that showed in grindhouses were bad.
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threatened to render the grindhouse obsolete. By the end of the decade, these theaters had vanished from Los
Angeles's
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By the mid-1990s, these particular theaters had all but disappeared from the United States. Excerpts from
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article, which may have adopted the contemporary slang usage of "grind" to refer to the actions of
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618:"Last of the all-nighters – My life on downtown's Grindhouse Theater Row in the 70s and 80s"
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Due to these theaters' proximity to controversially sexualized forms of entertainment like
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operated by Walnut
Properties, whose owner Vince Miranda maintained a suite at the
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Grindhouse
Nostalgia: Memory, Home Video, and Exploitation Film Fandom
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Grindhouse
Nostalgia: Memory, home video and exploitation film fandom
223:
Films screened are frequently of poor quality or low (artistic) merit
3472:
870:"The Original Grindhouse Theatres. Located On 42nd Street, New York"
227:
Church states the first use of the term "grind house" was in a 1923
544:
501:
3073:
2206:
2184:
2177:
1977:
132:
754:"Nashville Then: The Jolar Cinema fire on Lower Broadway in 1978"
2125:
918:
3476:
891:
887:
30:
863:
16:
Low-budget movie theater that shows mainly exploitation films
575:
850:
The
Grindhouse Schoolhouse: Exploring Classic Adult Cinema
502:"From Exhibition to Genre: The Case of Grind-House Films"
213:
is for a movie theater distinguished by three criteria:
857:
Grindhouse: The
Forbidden World of "Adults Only" Cinema
813:
Grindhouse—Cultural
Exchange on 42nd Street, and Beyond
387:
Grindhouse marquees along 42nd St (New York City, 1973)
601:"Two-a-Day Policy Failure in Canadian Grind Houses".
160:
is an
American term for a theatre that mainly shows
3045:
2963:
2556:
1802:
928:
250:Because grindhouse theaters were associated with a
61:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
217:Shows a variety of films, in continuous succession
237:exhorting potential patrons to enter the venue.
3671:Cinemas and movie theaters in the United States
3488:
903:
810:Fisher, Austin; Walker, Johnny, eds. (2016).
8:
570:
568:
495:
493:
491:
402:in Los Angeles (2012), marquee advertising
3495:
3481:
3473:
910:
896:
888:
788:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
549:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
471:Dictionary of Jargon (Routledge Revivals)
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
663:that comprised much of its foot traffic.
616:Sanford, Jay Allen (February 17, 2010).
148:, one of several grindhouses at the time
460:
377:
816:. New York City: Bloomsbury Academic.
7:
59:adding citations to reliable sources
860:, by Eddie Muller and Daniel Faris.
707:from the original on March 25, 2017
628:from the original on March 25, 2017
582:from the original on August 5, 2010
468:Green, Jonathon (October 2, 2013).
3250:List of American independent films
14:
553:from the original on May 11, 2018
524:from the original on May 11, 2018
437:Portage Theatre in Chicago (2007)
3456:
3447:
3446:
695:Hendrix, Grady (April 6, 2007).
430:
425:Theaters in San Francisco (1956)
418:
392:
380:
35:
731:"Cult Couture: THE GRIND-HOUSE"
605:. December 6, 1923. p. 19.
46:needs additional citations for
1:
500:Church, David (Summer 2011).
317:, a mix of sex, violence and
642:sleeping in the back row of
201:were featured. In the film
3702:
3535:Euro War / Macaroni Combat
3141:Classical Hollywood cinema
2330:Commedia sexy all'italiana
1238:Exploitation film template
1182:Commedia sexy all'italiana
845:Grindhouse Cinema Database
638:I spent my first night in
306:
20:
3510:
3442:
2708:German underground horror
2663:Documentary Film Movement
2571:American eccentric cinema
484:– via Google Books.
210:Oxford English Dictionary
370:grindhouses themselves.
193:in New York City, where
2643:Cinema of Transgression
1777:Cinema of Transgression
2728:Hollywood on the Tiber
782:Church, David (2015).
683:(which he also owned).
543:Church, David (2015).
400:Million Dollar Theater
149:
2718:Grupo Cine LiberaciĂłn
2658:Czechoslovak New Wave
2653:Commedia all'italiana
1000:Commedia all'italiana
697:"This Old Grindhouse"
325:and critical praise.
261:neighborhood theatres
136:
3245:Guerrilla filmmaking
2908:Kitchen sink realism
2863:Praška filmska škola
2793:New French Extremity
2703:German Expressionist
2611:Kitchen sink realism
2476:Contemporary Western
2256:Environmental issues
1787:New French Extremity
1745:New French Extremity
1570:Softcore pornography
1565:Hardcore pornography
1432:New French Extremity
741:on October 14, 2009.
644:the Cabrillo Theater
518:10.1353/cj.2011.0053
353:and San Francisco's
339:cable movie channels
297:films from Hong Kong
55:improve this article
2981:Children and family
2955:Yugoslav Black Wave
2828:Nuevo Cine Mexicano
2713:Nigerian Golden Age
2678:European art cinema
2581:Australian New Wave
677:Plaza Theater, both
449:Adult movie theater
347:Hollywood Boulevard
315:sexploitation films
292:horror, and dubbed
267:Television pressure
3686:Exploitation films
3279:Major film studios
2873:Pure Film Movement
2853:Polish Film School
2753:Italian neorealist
2733:Hong Kong New Wave
2335:Mexican sex comedy
1392:German underground
874:Grindhouse Therapy
349:, New York City's
333:By the mid 1980s,
282:exploitation films
220:Low admission fees
170:exploitation films
150:
21:For the film, see
3658:
3657:
3625:Spaghetti Western
3570:Nazi exploitation
3504:Exploitation film
3470:
3469:
3409:Socialist realist
3121:Behind-the-scenes
2898:Socialist realist
2893:Spaghetti Western
2883:Romanian New Wave
2758:Japanese New Wave
2424:Sword and sorcery
2340:Nazi exploitation
1922:Mumbai underworld
1678:Planetary romance
823:978-1-6289-2747-4
795:978-0-7486-9910-0
309:Exploitation film
257:discount theaters
204:Lady of Burlesque
131:
130:
123:
105:
3693:
3635:Sword-and-sandal
3615:Sharksploitation
3600:Rape and revenge
3497:
3490:
3483:
3474:
3460:
3450:
3449:
3429:Vulgar auteurism
3257:Interstitial art
3235:Hyperlink cinema
2950:Vulgar auteurism
2945:Toronto New Wave
2935:Telefoni Bianchi
2930:Sword-and-sandal
2748:Italian futurist
2743:Iranian New Wave
2606:British New Wave
2419:Sword-and-sandal
2300:Rape and revenge
2241:Mouth of Garbage
2087:Tentacle erotica
2035:Goona-goona epic
2015:Extraterrestrial
1902:Heroic bloodshed
1536:Occult detective
1367:Christmas horror
1219:Sword-and-sandal
951:Hong Kong action
946:Heroic bloodshed
912:
905:
898:
889:
884:
882:
880:
834:
832:
830:
806:
804:
802:
769:
768:
766:
764:
749:
743:
742:
737:. Archived from
727:
721:
720:
714:
712:
692:
686:
685:
667:
650:
635:
633:
622:San Diego Reader
613:
607:
606:
598:
592:
591:
589:
587:
572:
563:
562:
560:
558:
540:
534:
533:
531:
529:
497:
486:
485:
465:
434:
422:
411:Blast of Silence
396:
384:
363:Sleazoid Express
284:, such as adult
244:Sleazoid Express
126:
119:
115:
112:
106:
104:
63:
39:
31:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3676:History of film
3661:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3650:Women in prison
3640:Turksploitation
3520:Bruceploitation
3506:
3501:
3471:
3466:
3438:
3379:Semidocumentary
3304:Minimalist film
3294:Message picture
3289:Maximalist film
3183:Database cinema
3166:Computer screen
3126:Black-and-white
3051:
3049:
3047:
3041:
2959:
2915:Soviet parallel
2838:Parallel cinema
2833:Pan-Indian film
2763:Kammerspielfilm
2698:French New Wave
2618:Budapest school
2601:Brighton School
2576:New Objectivity
2558:
2552:
2521:Science fiction
2153:Bruceploitation
2062:Girls with guns
2008:Turksploitation
1882:Gentleman thief
1798:
1633:Science fiction
1479:Minimalist film
1474:Maximalist film
1452:Science fiction
1412:Japanese horror
1209:Social guidance
924:
916:
878:
876:
868:
841:
828:
826:
824:
809:
800:
798:
796:
781:
778:
773:
772:
762:
760:
752:Empson, Frank.
751:
750:
746:
729:
728:
724:
710:
708:
694:
693:
689:
681:Hotel San Diego
665:
664:
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457:
445:
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397:
388:
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331:
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305:
288:and sleaze, or
269:
183:
127:
116:
110:
107:
64:
62:
52:
40:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3663:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3645:Vansploitation
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3595:Pornochanchada
3592:
3590:Poliziotteschi
3587:
3582:
3577:
3575:Nunsploitation
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3515:Blaxploitation
3511:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3492:
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3477:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
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3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
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3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3364:Reverse motion
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3314:Modernist film
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3176:midnight movie
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
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3015:
3005:
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3003:
2998:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2965:
2964:By demographic
2961:
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2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2903:Social realist
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2858:Poliziotteschi
2855:
2850:
2848:Poetic realist
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111:November 2014
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72: –
71:
67:
66:Find sources:
60:
56:
50:
49:
44:This article
42:
38:
33:
32:
27:
25:
19:
3585:Ozploitation
3580:Outlaw biker
3550:Martial arts
3198:Experimental
3193:Ethnofiction
2940:Third Cinema
2843:Persian Film
2586:Auteur films
2557:By movement
2414:Swashbuckler
2273:Ozploitation
2268:Outlaw biker
2148:Martial arts
2143:Magical girl
1993:Exploitation
1988:Ethnographic
1917:Mafia comedy
1560:Pornographic
1437:Psycho-biddy
1422:Lovecraftian
1256:Contemporary
1237:
1231:Exploitation
1226:Experimental
1106:Mockumentary
975:Biographical
877:. Retrieved
873:
856:
855:A review of
827:. Retrieved
812:
799:. Retrieved
784:
776:Bibliography
761:. Retrieved
757:
747:
739:the original
734:
725:
716:
709:. Retrieved
700:
690:
680:
676:
673:
670:
651:In that pre-
643:
637:
630:. Retrieved
621:
611:
602:
596:
584:. Retrieved
576:"Grindhouse"
555:. Retrieved
545:
538:
526:. Retrieved
509:
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361:
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351:Times Square
332:
312:
294:martial arts
277:white flight
270:
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197:dancing and
184:
158:action house
157:
153:
151:
142:Times Square
117:
108:
98:
91:
84:
77:
70:"Grindhouse"
65:
53:Please help
48:verification
45:
23:
18:
3681:Film genres
3424:Video nasty
3419:Underground
3404:Slow cinema
3374:Sceneggiata
3262:Live action
3240:Independent
3220:Film Ă clef
3188:Docufiction
3156:Compilation
3131:Blockbuster
3099:Traditional
3094:Stop-motion
3030:Chick flick
2888:Slow cinema
2878:Remodernist
2693:Free Cinema
2673:Erra Cinema
2638:Cinema Novo
2516:Revisionist
2025:Gendai-geki
1961:Psychedelic
1949:Apocalyptic
1815:Beach party
1710:Slow cinema
1683:Space opera
1648:Fantastique
1519:Sceneggiata
1509:Musicarello
1382:Fantastique
1261:Fantastique
1204:Educational
1131:Video essay
1086:Documentary
512:(4): 1–25.
368:42nd Street
286:pornography
273:urban decay
252:lower class
191:42nd Street
138:42nd Street
3665:Categories
3560:Mockbuster
3344:Paracinema
3329:Neorealist
3324:Mythopoeia
3309:Mockbuster
3274:Low-budget
3215:Featurette
3048:technique,
3046:By format,
2925:Surrealist
2920:Structural
2798:New German
2788:Neorealist
2783:Mumblecore
2723:Heimatfilm
2683:Film d'art
2648:Cinéma pur
2382:South Seas
2355:Sex report
1621:Paranormal
1584:Propaganda
1484:Mumblecore
1271:Historical
1153:Historical
1042:Remarriage
1032:Mo lei tau
455:References
405:Mickey One
335:home video
199:striptease
162:low-budget
154:grindhouse
81:newspapers
24:Grindhouse
3334:No-budget
3299:Meta-film
3267:animation
3225:Film-poem
3161:Composite
3106:Anthology
3069:Animation
3064:Actuality
3050:approach,
2818:New Queer
2738:Indiewood
2688:Film gris
2559:or period
2536:Spaghetti
2459:Submarine
2439:Vigilante
2404:Superhero
2158:Chopsocky
2104:Jidaigeki
1973:Dystopian
1872:Detective
1830:Buddy cop
1820:Body swap
1750:Political
1730:Financial
1693:Tokusatsu
1688:Steampunk
1604:Bromantic
1576:Malayalam
1555:Crossover
1531:Detective
1499:Backstage
1447:Religious
1303:Tech noir
1298:Pulp noir
1288:Film noir
1163:Melodrama
1101:Docudrama
1074:Cyberpunk
1067:Slapstick
1057:Screwball
1017:Gross out
980:Christian
958:Adventure
879:March 24,
829:March 24,
801:March 24,
711:March 24,
657:multiplex
640:San Diego
632:March 24,
557:March 24,
528:March 24,
187:burlesque
3630:Splatter
3525:Cannibal
3452:Category
3339:One-shot
3203:Abstract
3089:Computer
2773:Lettrist
2668:Dogme 95
2596:Bourekas
2566:Absolute
2506:Northern
2501:Meat pie
2454:Euro War
2449:Anti-war
2315:Rumberas
2236:Mountain
2138:Luchador
2094:Homeland
2082:Shotacon
2055:Suburban
1983:Economic
1944:Disaster
1877:Gangster
1852:Colonial
1842:Cannibal
1803:By theme
1760:Romantic
1715:Thriller
1673:New Wave
1668:Military
1626:Thriller
1594:Romantic
1541:Whodunit
1514:Operetta
1494:Arthouse
1462:Splatter
1357:Cannibal
1347:Arthouse
1330:Suburban
1320:Southern
1293:Neo-noir
1197:Thriller
1091:Animated
1079:Japanese
1047:Romantic
1037:Thriller
963:Survival
941:Arthouse
929:By style
735:Fangoria
705:Archived
675:and the
671:Carbillo
660:downtown
626:Archived
580:Archived
551:Archived
522:Archived
443:See also
343:Broadway
177:-owned.
166:splatter
164:horror,
140:in 1985
3620:Slasher
3530:Eurospy
3434:Z movie
3210:Feature
3146:Collage
3116:B movie
3084:Cartoon
2823:No wave
2491:Florida
2486:Fantasy
2466:Western
2409:Surfing
2397:Eurospy
2367:Slavery
2217:Vampire
2197:Monster
2168:Kung fu
2109:Samurai
2077:Lolicon
2045:Romance
1892:Gong'an
1862:Concert
1847:Chicano
1810:Animals
1698:Western
1653:Fantasy
1611:Fantasy
1589:Reality
1526:Mystery
1504:Jukebox
1489:Musical
1467:Satanic
1457:Slasher
1427:Natural
1407:Holiday
1315:Romance
1281:Science
1246:Fantasy
1148:Dramedy
1012:Dramedy
763:May 23,
653:Gaslamp
603:Variety
374:Gallery
329:Decline
303:Content
290:slasher
235:barkers
230:Variety
181:History
95:scholar
3545:Hippie
3540:Giallo
3462:Portal
3399:Silent
3389:Shinpa
3384:Serial
3369:Satire
3354:Poetry
3284:Masala
3013:ShĹŤnen
2996:Seinen
2511:Ostern
2496:Horror
2429:Travel
2387:Sports
2310:Rubble
2283:Prison
2251:Nature
2222:Zombie
2163:Gun fu
2099:Isekai
2072:Hentai
2040:Gothic
1966:Stoner
1932:Yakuza
1887:GokudĹŤ
1835:Female
1765:Techno
1735:Giallo
1725:Erotic
1720:Comedy
1663:Horror
1658:Gothic
1643:Comedy
1616:Gothic
1599:Comedy
1548:Giallo
1402:Giallo
1372:Comedy
1342:Horror
1310:Gothic
1251:Comedy
1177:Erotic
1168:Korean
1126:Travel
1116:Pseudo
1062:Silent
1027:Parody
1022:Horror
990:Action
985:Comedy
936:Action
922:genres
820:
792:
666:
655:, pre-
649:
478:
319:sadism
275:after
175:studio
168:, and
97:
90:
83:
76:
68:
26:(film)
3565:Mondo
3414:Sound
3394:Short
3151:Color
3074:Anime
3035:Josei
3025:Women
3018:ShĹŤjo
2986:Anime
2976:Black
2971:Adult
2531:Space
2434:Trial
2377:Snuff
2288:Women
2263:Opera
2212:Mummy
2207:Kaiju
2190:Anime
2185:Mecha
2178:Wuxia
2173:Ninja
2121:LGBTQ
2116:KaitĹŤ
2067:Harem
2050:Space
2030:Ghost
1978:Ecchi
1939:Dance
1912:Mafia
1897:Heist
1867:Crime
1825:Buddy
1794:Trick
1740:Legal
1397:Ghost
1335:Urban
1325:Space
1158:Legal
1138:Drama
1111:Mondo
995:Black
701:Slate
146:Lyric
102:JSTOR
88:books
3171:Cult
3008:Teen
3001:Stag
2992:Men
2471:Acid
2305:Road
2295:Race
2131:Yuri
2126:Yaoi
1956:Drug
1907:Hood
1352:Body
1266:High
1236:see
1214:Epic
1187:Pink
1121:Semi
1005:Sexy
919:Film
881:2017
831:2017
818:ISBN
803:2017
790:ISBN
765:2022
713:2017
634:2017
588:2014
559:2017
530:2017
476:ISBN
408:and
345:and
337:and
259:and
74:news
3111:Art
3079:Art
2444:War
2392:Spy
1638:Art
1377:Eco
1052:Sex
970:Art
514:doi
156:or
57:by
3667::
3059:3D
872:.
756:.
733:.
715:.
703:.
699:.
636:.
624:.
620:.
578:.
567:^
520:.
510:50
508:.
504:.
490:^
299:.
247:.
152:A
3496:e
3489:t
3482:v
1578:)
1574:(
911:e
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805:.
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118:(
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109:(
99:·
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28:.
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