422:. At the front two corner points are created by a pair of widely spaced and, in the females, very flat thorns. While these converge at the front transversely to the body axis and thus form one side of the triangle, the third corner point and the other two sides are created by the thorn edges that taper off flat towards the rear. In this area the males still have a distinct, very close pair of thorns. They are dominated by dark brown, almost black tones, which are complemented by yellow-orange species-specific drawings. The mostly lighter females are less prickly and much more variable in color. Their basic color can vary from light brown to reddish brown to dark brown. As is typical for the representatives of the
218:
44:
67:
231:
1112:
1124:
470:
The nocturnal insects hide on the ground or in low vegetation during the day. Even at night, they do not climb particularly high to eat. The eggs are laid in the ground by the females with the ovipositor. They are 3.5 to 4.0 mm long and 2.5 to 3.0 mm wide and have a bulging, protruding
500:
in 2021, the genus was granted its own tribe due to its already mentioned exception regarding the morphology of the secondary ovipositor. Since this ovipositor is formed dorsally from the eleventh tergum in the
Obrimini and the Heteropteryginae, whereas in the case of
1000:(2016). Revision of the Oriental subfamiliy Heteropteryginae Kirby, 1896, with a re-arrangement of the family Heteropterygidae and the descriptions of five new species of Haaniella Kirby, 1904. (Phasmatodea: Areolatae: Heteropterygidae),
417:
The representatives of this genus are very small with 35 to 40 mm in the male and 45 to 55 mm in the female sex. Both sexes are always wingless and very thorny. The thorns form a characteristic triangle on the
662:
and established a second subspecies for this species. To justify the synonymization, the variability of the spines, especially those on the abdomen, is pointed out, which makes the acanthotaxy (
1075:
Seow-Choen, F. (2016). A Taxonomic Guide to the Stick
Insects of Borneo, Natural History Publikations (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, pp. 415â421, ISBN 978-983-812-169-9
496:, where it has been included in the Eubulidini tribe since 2004. Since this was drafted in 2016, it has been included in the Tisamenini tribe. After this was also with the Obrimini
973:
Zompro, O. (2004). Revision of the genera of the
Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea), Goecke & Evers, Keltern-Weiler, pp. 205â208,
895:
Seiler, C.; Bradler, S. & Koch, R. (2000). Phasmiden â Pflege und Zucht von
Gespenstschrecken, Stabschrecken und Wandelnden BlÀttern im Terrarium. bede, Ruhmannsfelden,
1020:
Bradler, S. (2009). Die
Phylogenie der Stab- und Gespentschrecken (Insecta: Phasmatodea), Species, Phylogeny and Evolution Vol 2.1, UniversitÀtsverlag Göttingen, 2009,
1239:
1252:
1084:
1213:
505:
it is formed from the tenth tergum, it must have developed independently three times within the
Heteropterygidae. This peculiarity of the genus
957:
stabschrecken.com (2010). Haltungsberichte -Stabschrecken, Gespenstschrecken, Wandelnde BlĂ€tter, iter novellum Verlag, SaarbrĂŒcken, pp. 78-79,
962:
881:
978:
666:
delimitation on the basis of the spines) appear unsuitable as a species characteristic. As early as 2018, Robertson et al proved that
943:
916:
900:
546:
938:(2001). Phasmids of Borneo, Natural History Publikations (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, 2001, pp. 110â124,
772:
All species only need small terrariums with high humidity and a substrate to lay their eggs. They are easy to feed on leaves of
858:
Reconstructing the nonadaptive radiation of an ancient lineage of ground-dwelling stick insects (Phasmatodea: Heteropterygidae)
674:
et al show in their investigations that there is a fourth, as yet undescribed species, which was found at Mount Pagon in
1308:
849:
66:
1257:
694:
1055:
562:
698:
686:
597:
427:
334:
222:
192:
1059:
583:. However, all newly assigned and newly described species later turned out to be representatives of the genus
566:
1280:
818:
1128:
1140:
935:
588:
997:
705:
647:
551:
534:
317:
199:
52:
841:
810:
1303:
1200:
845:
814:
1040:
993:
873:
639:. The second male is a nymph who has a pair of spines on the second abdominal segment, so more than
627:. It also has a single spine on the left side of the fourth abdominal segment, where otherwise only
806:
759:
439:
217:
853:
43:
989:
920:
606:
497:
61:
1025:
1009:
837:
727:(males with yellow-orange to red longitudinal stitch and without spines on the frontal abdomen)
671:
153:
762:. Also imported by Bragg and Ian Abercrombie in 1994 was a species later described by Bragg as
1265:
1244:
1187:
1021:
1005:
974:
958:
939:
896:
877:
857:
720:
623:
555:
a second species based on a female. In the same work he described the male of this species as
471:
dorsal area, as well as a lid (operculum) that slopes downwards towards the ventral side. The
263:
235:
206:
1270:
1178:
1116:
636:
605:. He also describes two unassignable males that he found in 1995. One was found outside the
510:
451:
128:
472:
399:
230:
876:(2007). Stabschrecken - Carausius, Sipyloidea & Co., Natur und Tier Verlag, MĂŒnster,
442:, here named subgenital plate or operculum. Dorsally it is not formed from the eleventh
713:
1297:
1192:
777:
733:
542:
514:
459:
526:
175:
1226:
1172:
406:
118:
1163:
1111:
751:
716:
and knee area yellowish and with three pairs of thorns on the frontal abdomen)
431:
419:
293:
1096:
1063:
17:
575:
493:
423:
138:
98:
78:
1041:
Evolution of
Oviposition Techniques in Stick and Leaf Insects (Phasmatodea)
434:
for laying eggs in the ground. This surrounds the actual ovipositor. It is
1123:
1157:
663:
618:
455:
447:
770:
introduced by Ian
Abercrombie in 1994 can be found under PSG number 199.
750:
All three so far described and valid species are or were present in the
1218:
773:
610:
435:
289:
1231:
675:
443:
108:
88:
1134:
1087:
by
Hennemann, F. H.; Conle, O. V.; KneubĂŒhler, B. & Pablo Valero
475:
hatch after 3 to 8 months and need more than half a year to become
476:
395:
229:
216:
156:
631:
has a complete pair of spines. Bragg thinks it is a variation of
848:; de Haan, M.; Dittmar, D.; DrÀger, H.; Kahar, R. S.; Kang, A.;
1138:
458:, but from the tenth tergum. This characteristic is considered
1205:
1064:
Proceedings of The
Academy of Natural Sciences (Vol. 90, 1938)
921:
Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Vol. 1. Phasmidae Areolatae
802:
800:
798:
796:
781:
1039:
Robertson, J. A.; Bradler, S. & Whiting, M. F. (2018).
758:
by Philip Bragg, which was given the PSG number 110 by the
754:
of enthusiasts. The first species introduced in 1987 was
405:
and brings together relatively small and darkly coloured
693:(males with two curved yellow marginal stripes on the
931:
929:
784:, but are considered difficult to keep or to breed.
617:, which is also native there, but has thorns on the
517:
special position of the genus within the subfamily.
1147:
953:
951:
912:
910:
908:
533:. In this he placed a species already described by
833:
831:
829:
827:
1004:4159 (1), Magnolia Press, Auckland, New Zealand,
613:. It is similar in proportions and thorns to the
923:. Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 46 ff.
766:. For this, the PSG number 165 was assigned.
8:
1035:
1033:
821:. Version 5.0./5.0 (accessdate 17 June 2021)
891:
889:
1135:
42:
31:
792:
697:and two pairs of spines on the frontal
643:, but less than the other two species.
509:was already described in 1906. Younger
492:The genus is assigned to the subfamily
7:
450:), as in the representatives of the
383:species by Sarah Bank et al. (2021)
430:they have a rather short secondary
309:
279:
255:
247:
1045:Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
840:; Buckley, T. R.; BĂŒscher, T. H.;
573:species in 1939 and assigned some
25:
681:Valid and described species are:
513:based investigations confirm the
1122:
1110:
1097:Phasmid Study Group Culture List
65:
541:in 1859, which thus became the
379:Relationships of the examined
1:
1278:Phasmida Species File (old):
587:. It was not until 1994 that
462:for the tribe Hoplocloniini.
819:Phasmida Species File Online
466:Way of life and reproduction
1066:, Philadelphia, pp. 435 ff.
670:is an independent species.
1325:
852:; Langton-Myers, S. &
864:, DOI: 10.1111/syen.12472
563:James Abram Garfield Rehn
331:
314:
307:
284:
277:
260:
253:
188:
183:
62:Scientific classification
60:
50:
41:
34:
764:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
687:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
668:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
656:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
633:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
615:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
598:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
567:John William Holman Rehn
335:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
223:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
193:Hoploclonia abercrombiei
621:that resemble those of
549:described in 1906 with
438:formed from the eighth
529:established the genus
240:
227:
27:Tribe of stick insects
996:; Brock, P. D. &
862:Systematic Entomology
768:Hoploclonia cuspidata
706:Hoploclonia cuspidata
660:Hoploclonia cuspidata
629:Hoploclonia cuspidata
579:species to the genus
569:described eight more
552:Hoploclonia cuspidata
535:John Obadiah Westwood
488:Systematic background
318:Hoploclonia cuspidata
233:
220:
200:Hoploclonia cuspidata
53:Hoploclonia cuspidata
1131:at Wikimedia Commons
652:Hoploclonia apiensis
603:Hoploclonia apiensis
557:Dares haematacanthus
521:Internal systematics
426:, at the end of the
760:Phasmid Study Group
712:(males only in the
589:Philip Edward Bragg
1309:Phasmatodea genera
710:Redtenbacher, 1906
648:Francis Seow-Choen
547:Josef Redtenbacher
539:Acanthoderus gecko
241:
228:
1291:
1290:
1266:Open Tree of Life
1141:Taxon identifiers
1127:Media related to
963:978-3-00-031913-6
882:978-3-937285-84-9
756:Hoploclonia gecko
740:
726:
721:Hoploclonia gecko
711:
692:
650:synonymized both
641:Hoploclonia gecko
624:Hoploclonia gecko
387:
386:
373:
372:
364:
363:
355:
354:
346:
345:
264:Hoploclonia gecko
236:Hoploclonia gecko
215:
214:
207:Hoploclonia gecko
179:
160:
16:(Redirected from
1316:
1284:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1261:
1260:
1248:
1247:
1235:
1234:
1222:
1221:
1209:
1208:
1196:
1195:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1136:
1126:
1115:Data related to
1114:
1099:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1067:
1053:
1047:
1037:
1028:
1018:
1012:
990:Hennemann, F. H.
987:
981:
971:
965:
955:
946:
933:
924:
917:Redtenbacher, J.
914:
903:
893:
884:
871:
865:
835:
822:
804:
738:
725:(Westwood, 1859)
724:
709:
690:
511:genetic analysis
452:Heteropteryginae
310:
280:
256:
248:
243:
242:
174:
152:
129:Heteropterygidae
70:
69:
46:
32:
21:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1279:
1277:
1269:
1264:
1256:
1251:
1243:
1238:
1230:
1225:
1217:
1212:
1204:
1199:
1191:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1143:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1091:
1085:phasmatodea.com
1083:
1079:
1074:
1070:
1054:
1050:
1038:
1031:
1019:
1015:
988:
984:
972:
968:
956:
949:
934:
927:
915:
906:
894:
887:
872:
868:
836:
825:
805:
794:
790:
771:
748:
591:found two more
523:
490:
485:
468:
415:
413:Characteristics
374:
365:
356:
347:
173:
151:
64:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1322:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1275:
1262:
1249:
1236:
1223:
1210:
1197:
1184:
1169:
1153:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1120:
1119:at Wikispecies
1106:
1105:External links
1103:
1101:
1100:
1089:
1077:
1068:
1060:Rehn, J. W. H.
1056:Rehn, J. A. G.
1048:
1029:
1013:
998:Seow-Choen, F.
982:
979:978-3931374396
966:
947:
925:
904:
885:
866:
850:KneubĂŒhler, B.
823:
811:BĂŒscher, T. H.
791:
789:
786:
747:
744:
743:
742:
717:
702:
635:or possibly a
545:of the genus.
522:
519:
489:
486:
484:
481:
467:
464:
414:
411:
385:
384:
376:
375:
371:
370:
367:
366:
362:
361:
358:
357:
353:
352:
349:
348:
344:
343:
340:
339:
330:
327:
326:
323:
322:
313:
308:
306:
303:
302:
299:
298:
283:
278:
276:
273:
272:
269:
268:
259:
254:
252:
251:Hoplocloniini
246:
213:
212:
211:
210:
203:
196:
186:
185:
181:
180:
166:
162:
161:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
58:
57:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1321:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1282:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1130:
1129:Hoplocloniini
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:Hoplocloniini
1113:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
986:
983:
980:
976:
970:
967:
964:
960:
954:
952:
948:
945:
944:983-812-027-8
941:
937:
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
913:
911:
909:
905:
902:
901:3-933646-89-8
898:
892:
890:
886:
883:
879:
875:
874:Fritzsche, I.
870:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
834:
832:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
803:
801:
799:
797:
793:
787:
785:
783:
779:
775:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
745:
737:
735:
730:
723:
722:
718:
715:
708:
707:
703:
700:
696:
689:
688:
684:
683:
682:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:
572:
568:
564:
560:
558:
554:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
520:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
495:
487:
482:
480:
478:
474:
465:
463:
461:
460:autapomorphic
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
412:
410:
408:
404:
403:Hoplocloniini
401:
397:
393:
392:
382:
378:
377:
369:
368:
360:
359:
351:
350:
342:
341:
338:
337:
336:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
319:
312:
311:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
295:
291:
288:
282:
281:
275:
274:
271:
270:
267:
266:
265:
258:
257:
250:
249:
245:
244:
238:
237:
232:
225:
224:
219:
209:
208:
204:
202:
201:
197:
195:
194:
190:
189:
187:
182:
177:
172:
171:
167:
164:
163:
158:
155:
150:
149:Hoplocloniini
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
68:
63:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
18:Hoplocloniini
1148:
1092:
1080:
1071:
1051:
1044:
1016:
1001:
994:Conle, O. V.
985:
969:
936:Bragg, P. E.
869:
861:
846:Constant, J.
842:Bresseel, J.
815:Baker, E. W.
807:Brock, P. D.
778:blackberries
767:
763:
755:
749:
734:Acanthoderus
732:
729:type species
728:
719:
704:
685:
680:
667:
659:
655:
651:
645:
640:
632:
628:
622:
614:
602:
596:
592:
584:
580:
574:
570:
565:and his son
561:
556:
550:
543:type species
538:
530:
524:
515:phylogenetic
506:
502:
491:
469:
416:
402:
394:is the only
390:
389:
388:
380:
333:
332:
316:
315:
286:
285:
262:
261:
234:
221:
205:
198:
191:
169:
168:
148:
51:
35:
29:
1304:Phasmatodea
1227:iNaturalist
1179:Hoploclonia
1173:Wikispecies
1149:Hoploclonia
854:Bradler, S.
691:Bragg, 1995
593:Hoploclonia
581:Hoploclonia
571:Hoploclonia
531:Hoploclonia
507:Hoploclonia
503:Hoploclonia
498:synonymized
407:Phasmatodea
391:Hoploclonia
381:Hoploclonia
287:Hoploclonia
170:Hoploclonia
135:Subfamily:
119:Phasmatodea
36:Hoploclonia
1298:Categories
788:References
752:terrariums
672:Sarah Bank
432:ovipositor
420:mesothorax
99:Arthropoda
1026:1864-211X
1010:1175-5326
664:taxonomic
607:Niah Cave
595:species:
585:Tisamenus
576:Tisamenus
527:Carl StÄl
494:Obriminae
436:ventrally
424:Obriminae
409:species.
294:Mt. Pagon
139:Obriminae
85:Kingdom:
79:Eukaryota
1164:Q1627689
1158:Wikidata
1062:(1939).
919:(1906).
856:(2021).
838:Bank, S.
739:Westwood
646:In 2016
619:pronotum
525:In 1875
483:Taxonomy
456:Obrimini
448:epiproct
440:sternite
184:Species
125:Family:
95:Phylum:
89:Animalia
75:Domain:
1281:1200329
1271:3507801
1258:2506041
1245:1224760
1219:1416032
1002:Zootaxa
774:bramble
746:Rearing
699:abdomen
611:Sarawak
428:abdomen
398:of the
165:Genus:
145:Tribe:
115:Order:
109:Insecta
105:Class:
56:, pair
1232:535948
1058:&
1024:
1008:
977:
961:
942:
899:
880:
813:&
695:thorax
676:Brunei
637:hybrid
473:nymphs
444:tergum
239:, male
226:, male
178:, 1875
159:, 2021
1240:IRMNG
1206:18920
1193:8NSN3
780:) or
736:gecko
714:coxae
658:with
477:adult
400:tribe
396:genus
290:spec.
157:et al
1253:NCBI
1214:GBIF
1022:ISSN
1006:ISSN
975:ISBN
959:ISBN
940:ISBN
897:ISBN
878:ISBN
731:(as
654:and
601:and
454:and
176:StÄl
154:Bank
1201:EoL
1188:CoL
782:oak
609:in
537:as
1300::
1268::
1255::
1242::
1229::
1216::
1203::
1190::
1175::
1160::
1043:,
1032:^
992:;
950:^
928:^
907:^
888:^
860:,
844:;
826:^
817::
809:;
795:^
678:.
559:.
479:.
296:'
776:(
741:)
701:)
446:(
292:'
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
