33:
595:
55:
585:
575:
565:
444:
species are found in almost all aquatic habitats, from large rivers to small rivulets. The typical habitat would be relatively fast moving water over a shallow gravel bed. Most species are lowland, sluggish stream- and lake-dwellers usually found associated with submerged wood; however, many species
473:
is able to grasp green algae on the river bottom. With the help of the suckermouth, which anchor the fishes, in conjunction with the arched design of pectoral and pelvic fin spines, they are also able to remain upright while exploring this substratum. In addition, their large, concave caudal fin is
4375:
Pfeil, Friedrich & München, • & Zawadzki, Cláudio & Silva, Hugmar & Troy, Waldo. (2018). Redescription of
Hypostomus latirostris (Regan, 1904) with the recognition of a new species of Hypostomus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraguay basin, Brazil. Ichthyological
3100:
Jardim de
Queiroz, Luiz; Cardoso, Yamila; Jacot-des-Combes, Cécile; Bahechar, Ilham Anne; Lucena, Carlos Alberto; Rapp Py-Daniel, Lucia; Sarmento Soares, Luisa Maria; Nylinder, Stephan; Oliveira, Claudio; Parente, Thiago Estevam; Torrente-Vilara, Gislene; Covain, Raphaël; Buckup, Paulo;
445:
may be found among rocks in piedmont to mountain streams with moderate to swift flow. Members of this genus may be found over a range of substrates such mud, detritus, gravel, and sand. Many species spawn in hollows dug into mud banks or within hollow logs.
518:. Their colouration is typically dark brown with spots generally developed over most surfaces; however, most species of this group have been observed to have a well-developed ability to alter color according to substrate. Except for
4167:
Penido, I. de S.; Pessali, T.C. & Zawadzki, C.H., 2023 "A new tiny-spotted species of
Hypostomus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Rio Tocantins basin, Goiás State, Brazil" (abstract) (Zootaxa, Vol. 5361 No
485:
species varies. They may have a white ground color and black spots, or brown and spotted, or even black with red, gold, or white spots. Abdomen also varies in color from white to black and may be spotted or not. The
497:
on the leading edge of the pectoral fin spine and the end of the spine may become swollen. In some species, the males may also develop hypertrophied odontodes on the body during the breeding season.
3356:
Luìs Alves, Anderson; Oliveira, Claudio; Foresti, Fausto (2005). "Comparative cytogenetic analysis of eleven species of subfamilies
Neoplecostominae and Hypostominae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)".
4793:
503:
species are well known for the ability to breathe air. This is achieved through a slightly modified stomach that is larger and thinner than in non-air breathers. To breathe air,
3745:
Cardoso, Yamila P.; AlmirĂłn, Adriana; Casciotta, Jorge; Aichino, Danilo; Lizarralde, Marta S.; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (2012). "Origin of species diversity in the catfish genus
3578:
Animaux nouveaux ou rares recueillis pendant l'expedition dans les parties centrales de L'Amerique du Sud, de Rio de
Janeiro a Lima, et de Lima au Para. Tome Second
4685:
4633:
4659:
4386:
Cardoso, Yamila P.; Brancolini, Florencia; Protogino, Lucila; Paracampo, Ariel; Bogan, Sergio; Posadas, Paula; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (2019).
3651:
160:
4737:
2884:
2799:
2257:
1721:
1406:
390:
diversity that the family
Loricariidae or the subfamily Hypostominae would present is almost exclusively restricted to the genus
4788:
3176:
2697:
2348:
766:
646:
4664:
490:
is forked with the lower lobe longer than upper. Most species have stout bodies, but some do have thinner, elongate bodies.
4672:
3447:
Lacépède with bottom of Rio São
Francisco, Canindé do São Francisco, Sergipe, Brazil (Pisces, Loricariidae, Hypostominae)"
3205:
Lacépède, 1803 from rio
Ribeira de Iguape basin, with description of a new species (Pisces, Siluriformes, Loricariidae)"
2977:
2916:
2492:
2417:
1739:
1479:
1302:
973:
633:
4607:
2066:
1926:
359:
relationships within and of the genus. It has been shown that the genus does not form a natural group. However, small
2013:
937:
54:
32:
3490:
3103:"Evolutionary units delimitation and continental multilocus phylogeny of the hyperdiverse catfish genus Hypostomus"
2924:
2718:
2299:
1575:
838:
4690:
3054:
933:
2995:
2500:
2371:
2324:
2234:
2221:
2088:
2074:
1934:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1855:
1807:
1775:
1625:
1621:
1600:
1451:
1352:
1288:
1255:
1224:
1220:
1107:
994:
986:
892:
739:
522:, these species tend to have a deep body at the dorsal fin origin; this makes the body appear humped. Along with
2000:
3812:
Die
Hypostomiden : zweite Hauptgruppe der Familie der Panzerfische (Loricata v. Goniodontes) / von R. Kner
3062:
2999:
2896:
2535:
2444:
2295:
2274:
2123:
2101:
1973:
1892:
1781:
1747:
1617:
1604:
1579:
1534:
1384:
1338:
1216:
1124:
1103:
1086:
1028:
981:
928:
842:
654:
945:
4755:
3058:
2991:
2960:
2817:
2750:
2737:
2656:
2626:
2239:
2097:
1795:
1596:
1530:
1280:
1186:
1090:
941:
735:
4778:
4273:
3991:
2937:
2910:
2856:
2843:
2785:
2705:
2692:
2678:
2585:
2513:
2457:
2282:
2269:
2169:
2137:
2058:
2039:
2008:
1965:
1918:
1887:
1869:
1843:
1542:
1500:
1392:
1357:
1276:
1203:
1132:
1119:
874:
820:
788:
727:
686:
668:
3787:
A revision of the South
American Nematognathi or cat-fishes / by Carl H. Eigenmann and Rosa Smith Eigenmann
2093:
1847:
723:
4547:
3245:
2878:
2848:
2638:
2572:
2505:
2338:
2177:
2109:
2062:
1947:
1922:
1707:
1684:
1670:
1492:
1487:
1473:
1418:
1344:
1272:
1268:
1232:
1146:
1068:
920:
860:
774:
731:
719:
256:
177:
41:
2758:
2465:
1969:
1693:
1689:
1633:
1526:
990:
382:
Studies conducted with representatives of some genera of Hypostominae showed that within this group, the
4711:
4612:
3984:, a new species of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from rio Paraguaçu, Bahia State, Brazil"
3749:(Siluriformes: Loricariidae) inhabiting the Paraná river basin, with the description of a new species".
2566:
2548:
2363:
2209:
2204:
1861:
1446:
1324:
1081:
1041:
1015:
1002:
900:
882:
854:
802:
692:
2821:
1799:
1753:
4729:
2929:
2771:
2723:
2710:
2643:
2540:
2376:
2303:
2226:
2142:
2044:
1939:
1812:
1583:
1073:
1046:
1033:
846:
594:
4742:
4594:
3070:
3035:
2947:
2864:
2793:
2611:
2603:
2593:
2580:
2558:
2478:
2461:
2431:
2411:
2389:
2384:
2357:
2025:
1960:
1912:
1830:
1657:
1513:
1459:
1296:
1020:
967:
953:
833:
812:
761:
700:
674:
426:). They are essentially ubiquitous throughout their range. Maximum diversity in number of species of
3325:
Lacépède (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Tocantins and rio Xingu basins in central Brazil"
1986:
1284:
4783:
2779:
2745:
2731:
2668:
2521:
2439:
2403:
2311:
2251:
2190:
2080:
1761:
1643:
1591:
1570:
1400:
1379:
1365:
1263:
1238:
1211:
1054:
868:
794:
304:
4504:
Lacépède (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) from thermal waters, upper rio Paraná basin, central Brazil"
2964:
2852:
2660:
2630:
2509:
2316:
2278:
2243:
1952:
1662:
1496:
1388:
1251:
1190:
1159:
1128:
1111:
4450:
4431:
3960:
3766:
3515:
3381:
3140:
3007:
2972:
2955:
2888:
2870:
2835:
2811:
2803:
2684:
2486:
2473:
2452:
2397:
2290:
2261:
2150:
2129:
1981:
1875:
1838:
1820:
1767:
1725:
1676:
1562:
1465:
1438:
1424:
1410:
1330:
1316:
1310:
1246:
1198:
1167:
1154:
1098:
959:
714:
706:
678:
660:
619:
613:
269:
189:
49:
4716:
4244:, a new armored catfish species from the rio TapajĂłs basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Loricariidae)".
3617:
4698:
4620:
4480:
4423:
4222:
3727:
3657:
3647:
3491:"Modifications of the Digestive Tract for Holding Air in Loricariid and Scoloplacid Catfishes"
3471:
3373:
3132:
3124:
3041:
3027:
3013:
2986:
2943:
2902:
2766:
2651:
2621:
2599:
2554:
2527:
2425:
2330:
2196:
2156:
2115:
2031:
1994:
1826:
1789:
1649:
1612:
1556:
1548:
1521:
1508:
1432:
1371:
1181:
1173:
1140:
1060:
914:
906:
888:
808:
780:
753:
641:
418:. They are found throughout most of the range of loricariids except for drainages west of the
383:
4269:
Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Southern Brazil"
2213:
4525:
4515:
4470:
4413:
4403:
4356:
4319:
4282:
4214:
4205:
Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from rio Itapicuru basin, Bahia State, Brazil".
4148:
4111:
4074:
4037:
4000:
3952:
3917:
3860:
3816:
3791:
3758:
3717:
3707:
3581:
3558:
3507:
3461:
3421:
3365:
3336:
3296:
3221:
3114:
3021:
2164:
2052:
1701:
747:
515:
411:
333:
244:
4703:
4585:
4179:
3644:
An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes : a preliminary survey of the Siluriformes
4063:
Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin, Brazil"
3935:
Martins, Fernanda O.; Marinho, Manoela M. F.; Langeani, Francisco; Serra, Jane P. (2012).
3049:
2829:
1733:
1715:
627:
556:
will occasionally eat wood, but wood only amounts to a very small fraction of their diet.
351:. However, a good way to split up the genus further is unclear. Species level taxonomy of
311:
297:
293:
3810:
536:, or the ability to digest wood, accomplished through specialized spoon-shaped teeth. In
431:
3845:
group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of
3722:
3275:
435:
96:
584:
4772:
4435:
4302:
Garavello, Julio CĂ©sar; Britski, Heraldo AntĂ´nio; Zawadzki, Claudio Henrique (2012).
3241:
3144:
2754:
2344:
514:
group are fairly large loricariids that reach about 30 centimetres (12 in)
407:
327:
251:
4361:
4340:
4324:
4303:
4287:
4264:
4153:
4132:
4116:
4095:
4079:
4058:
4042:
4021:
4005:
3964:
3770:
3466:
3426:
3405:
3341:
3320:
574:
4599:
4137:
Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Xingu basin, Brazil"
3691:
3537:
3442:
3410:
Lacépède (Teleostei: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Central Brazil"
3385:
3200:
487:
469:
areas, to interact with the rocky river-bottom. The comb-toothed inferior mouth of
458:
419:
307:
273:
247:
169:
126:
116:
4625:
4408:
4387:
3911:
3785:
4677:
4646:
4579:
4057:
Zawadzki, Cláudio Henrique; Oliveira, Renildo Ribeiro de; Debona, Tiago (2013).
3916:. Vol. 4. London: British Museum (Natural History), Department of Zoology.
3618:"Classification and catalogue of the mailed Loricariidae (Pisces, Siluriformes)"
3119:
3102:
2182:
2017:
1007:
825:
564:
454:
403:
339:
300:
141:
136:
4570:
4520:
4499:
3979:
3936:
3865:
3840:
379:
are considered separate genera by some authors based on molecular information.
4475:
4218:
4100:
Lacépède (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from rio Paraguaçu, Bahia State, Brazil"
3762:
3369:
3300:
466:
462:
387:
3712:
3661:
3585:
3562:
3226:
3128:
3887:, a new catfish species from the Paraguay River Basin with redescription of
3820:
3795:
533:
360:
356:
347:
is by far the largest genus of Loricariidae and the second largest genus of
66:
4484:
4427:
4226:
3921:
3731:
3475:
3443:"Spatial distribution and interaction of four species of the catfish genus
3377:
3136:
4564:
4131:
Zawadzki, Cláudio H.; Birindelli, José L. O.; Lima, Flávio C. T. (2012).
4026:
group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio AripuanĂŁ basin in Brazil"
3319:
Zawadzki, Cláudio H.; Birindelli, José L. O.; Lima, Flávio C. T. (2008).
3254:
494:
423:
415:
261:
86:
4530:
4498:
Martins, Fernanda O.; Langeani, Francisco; Zawadzki, Cláudio H. (2014).
4418:
4345:
Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguai basin"
3834:
3832:
3830:
552:
group by feeding less on wood and lacking specialized teeth; many other
4750:
4638:
3941:(Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Upper Rio Paraguay Basin, Brazil"
3549:
3519:
3287:
3212:
524:
481:
species exhibit plates of armor over their body. The colouration among
348:
240:
106:
3978:
Birindelli, José L. O.; Zanata, Angela M.; Lima, Flávio C. T. (2007).
3956:
394:
and the species from the other genera had a conserved diploid number.
4651:
4339:
Zawadzki, Claudio H.; Tencatt, Luiz F. C.; Froehlich, Otávio (2014).
4263:
Jerep, Fernando C.; Shibatta, Oscar A.; Zawadzki, Cláudio H. (2007).
3839:
Tencatt, Luiz F. C.; Zawadzki, Cláudio H.; Froehlich, Otávio (2014).
3498:
76:
4541:
3815:(in German). Wien: Kaiserlich-Königlichen Hof- und Staatsdruckerei.
3692:"Three new species of saddled loricariid catfishes, and a review of
3511:
3280:(Siluriformes: Loricariidae), a new species from southern Venezuela"
3274:
Armbruster, Jonathan W.; Tansey, Leigh A.; Lujan, Nathan K. (2007).
4724:
4094:
Zanata, Angela M.; Sardeiro, Byanca; Zawadzki, Cláudio H. (2013).
593:
583:
573:
563:
289:
236:
3404:
Zawadzki, Cláudio H.; Weber, Claude; Pavanelli, Carla S. (2008).
4308:
Lacépède (Ostariophysi: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguaçu basin"
3690:
Armbruster, Jonathan W.; Werneke, David C.; Tan, Milton (2015).
4545:
4459:(Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with description of a new species"
4201:
Zanata, Angela M.; Pitanga, Bruno R. (2016). "A new species of
3199:
Oyakawa, Osvaldo T.; Akama, Alberto; Zanata, Angela M. (2005).
280:
is a highly species-rich and widely distributed catfish genus.
4388:"An integrated approach clarifies the cryptic diversity in
604:
There are currently 156 recognized species in this genus:
386:
ranges from 2n = 52 to 2n = 80. However, the supposed wide
3078:
Lustosa-Costa, Ramos, Zawadzki, Jacobina & Lima, 2024
4020:
Zawadzki, Cláudio H.; Carvalho, Pedro Hollanda (2014).
474:
associated with fast locomotion over short distances.
4554:
544:appear to be intermediate between other species of
4376:Exploration of Freshwaters. 28. 10.23788/IEF-1079.
3784:Eigenmann, Carl H.; Eigenmann, Rosa Smith (1890).
3790:. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences.
3685:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3531:
3529:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3878:
3876:
250:. They are native to tropical and subtropical
3913:Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum
3399:
3397:
3395:
493:In most species, males develop hypertrophied
8:
4392:Lacépède 1803 from the Lower la Plata Basin"
4178:Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022).
4133:"A new armored catfish species of the genus
453:As in all loricariids, these species have a
3441:Garavello, J. C.; Garavello, J. P. (2004).
363:groups are known to exist within the genus
4542:
3314:
3312:
3310:
31:
20:
4794:Taxa named by Bernard Germain de Lacépède
4529:
4519:
4474:
4417:
4407:
4360:
4323:
4286:
4246:Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters
4152:
4115:
4078:
4041:
4004:
3893:Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters
3864:
3721:
3711:
3465:
3425:
3340:
3225:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3118:
4396:Anais da Academia Brasileira de CiĂŞncias
3580:(in French). France: Chez P. Bertrand.
3092:
532:group are unique among loricariids for
276:is still being expanded by scientists.
4449:Ray, C. K.; Armbruster, J. W. (2016).
3101:Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (2020-04-01).
457:. They use their mouth as well as the
3107:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
355:is still poorly known as well as the
7:
4756:E0BC8DAD-9CD9-4E32-920A-063D33AD0E80
4730:4C04D652-E788-A865-2D4B-8E71A2DE0B18
4341:"A new unicuspid-toothed species of
3576:Castelnau, Francis comte de (1855).
1638:Penido, Pessali & Zawadzki, 2023
3700:, and allied genera (Siluriformes)"
3542:group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)"
14:
3910:GĂĽnther, Albert C. L. G. (1859).
2616:Zawadzki, Ramos & Sabaj, 2017
402:These species are originate from
3625:Verslagen en Technische Gegevens
3536:Armbruster, Jonathan W. (2003).
3489:Armbruster, Jonathan W. (1998).
53:
4362:10.1590/s1679-62252014000100010
4325:10.1590/s1679-62252012000200005
4288:10.1590/s1679-62252007000400002
4154:10.1590/s1679-62252012000200003
4117:10.1590/s1679-62252013000200002
4080:10.1590/s1679-62252013000100008
4043:10.1590/s1679-62252014000100004
4006:10.1590/s1679-62252007000300006
3891:(Siluriformes: Loricariidae)".
3467:10.1590/s1519-69842004000400006
3427:10.1590/s1679-62252008000300013
3342:10.1590/s1679-62252008000300012
3321:"A new pale-spotted species of
507:must orient itself vertically.
4096:"A new dark-dotted species of
1:
4409:10.1590/0001-3765201920180131
477:Also like other loricariids,
222:IsbrĂĽcker & Michels, 2001
3454:Brazilian Journal of Biology
2447:, da Silva & Troy, 2018
606:
4304:"The cascudos of the genus
3646:. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H.
3120:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106711
4810:
4521:10.1590/1982-0224-20140035
3866:10.1590/1982-0224-20130162
3616:IsbrĂĽcker, I.J.H. (1980).
2925:Hypostomus ventromaculatus
2719:Hypostomus tapanahoniensis
260:is the popular freshwater
4476:10.11646/zootaxa.4072.5.1
4219:10.11646/zootaxa.4137.2.4
3763:10.11646/zootaxa.3453.1.5
3370:10.1007/s10709-004-7561-4
3301:10.11646/zootaxa.1553.1.3
2501:Hypostomus roseopunctatus
2372:Hypostomus pseudohemiurus
2325:Hypostomus plecostomoides
2235:Hypostomus paucipunctatus
2222:Hypostomus paucimaculatus
2089:Hypostomus nigropunctatus
2075:Hypostomus nigromaculatus
1935:Hypostomus micromaculatus
1856:Hypostomus maracaiboensis
1808:Hypostomus macrophthalmus
1776:Hypostomus luteomaculatus
1353:Hypostomus hemicochliodon
195:
188:
175:
168:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
4500:"A new spiny species of
3982:Hypostomus chrysostiktos
3841:"Two new species of the
3713:10.3897/zookeys.480.6540
3642:Burgess, Warren (1989).
3586:10.5962/bhl.title.101716
3563:10.11646/zootaxa.249.1.1
3244:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
3227:10.11646/zootaxa.921.1.1
2897:Hypostomus varimaculosus
2536:Hypostomus saramaccensis
2124:Hypostomus obtusirostris
1748:Hypostomus longiradiatus
1339:Hypostomus gymnorhynchus
1029:Hypostomus coppenamensis
982:Hypostomus chrysostiktos
929:Hypostomus careopinnatus
655:Hypostomus albopunctatus
430:occurs in rivers of the
398:Distribution and habitat
4508:Neotropical Ichthyology
4349:Neotropical Ichthyology
4312:Neotropical Ichthyology
4274:Neotropical Ichthyology
4242:Hypostomus melanephelis
4141:Neotropical Ichthyology
4104:Neotropical Ichthyology
4067:Neotropical Ichthyology
4030:Neotropical Ichthyology
3992:Neotropical Ichthyology
3853:Neotropical Ichthyology
3821:10.5962/bhl.title.12573
3796:10.5962/bhl.title.30137
3414:Neotropical Ichthyology
3329:Neotropical Ichthyology
3258:. January 2016 version.
2938:Hypostomus vermicularis
2911:Hypostomus variostictus
2844:Hypostomus uruguayensis
2706:Hypostomus surinamensis
2693:Hypostomus subcarinatus
2679:Hypostomus strigaticeps
2270:Hypostomus peckoltoides
2138:Hypostomus occidentalis
2040:Hypostomus nickeriensis
2009:Hypostomus nematopterus
1888:Hypostomus melanephelis
1870:Hypostomus margaritifer
1543:Hypostomus jaguribensis
1120:Hypostomus denticulatus
821:Hypostomus auroguttatus
789:Hypostomus aspilogaster
687:Hypostomus angipinnatus
669:Hypostomus ancistroides
599:Hypostomus subcarinatus
449:Description and ecology
266:Plecostomus plecostomus
264:fish formerly known as
4789:Freshwater fish genera
4022:"A new species of the
3922:10.5962/bhl.title.8809
2879:Hypostomus variipictus
2639:Hypostomus sipaliwinii
2353:(sucker-mouth catfish)
2339:Hypostomus plecostomus
2178:Hypostomus pantherinus
2110:Hypostomus nudiventris
1948:Hypostomus microstomus
1685:Hypostomus leucophaeus
1671:Hypostomus latirostris
1488:Hypostomus isbrueckeri
1474:Hypostomus interruptus
1419:Hypostomus holostictus
1233:Hypostomus fluviatilis
1069:Hypostomus crassicauda
775:Hypostomus aspidolepis
601:
591:
581:
571:
325:With the inclusion of
284:Taxonomy and phylogeny
42:Hypostomus plecostomus
4712:Paleobiology Database
4024:Hypostomus cochliodon
3847:Hypostomus cochliodon
3843:Hypostomus cochliodon
3809:Kner, Rudolf (1854).
3540:Hypostomus cochliodon
3201:"Review of the genus
2567:Hypostomus scaphyceps
2549:Hypostomus scabriceps
2205:Hypostomus paranensis
1447:Hypostomus hoplonites
1325:Hypostomus goyazensis
1082:Hypostomus dardanelos
1042:Hypostomus corantijni
1016:Hypostomus commersoni
1003:Hypostomus cochliodon
901:Hypostomus brevicauda
883:Hypostomus boulengeri
855:Hypostomus bolivianus
803:Hypostomus atropinnis
597:
589:Hypostomus commersoni
587:
577:
567:
3538:"The species of the
3406:"Two new species of
3036:Hypostomus wuchereri
2865:Hypostomus vaillanti
2794:Hypostomus tietensis
2612:Hypostomus sertanejo
2594:Hypostomus seminudus
2581:Hypostomus sculpodon
2412:Hypostomus pyrineusi
2385:Hypostomus punctatus
2358:Hypostomus pospisili
2026:Hypostomus niceforoi
1961:Hypostomus multidens
1913:Hypostomus meleagris
1658:Hypostomus latifrons
1460:Hypostomus iheringii
1297:Hypostomus francisci
968:Hypostomus carvalhoi
954:Hypostomus carinatus
834:Hypostomus basilisko
762:Hypostomus asperatus
701:Hypostomus annectens
579:Hypostomus asperatus
4182:Hypostomus laplatae
3885:Hypostomus formosae
2780:Hypostomus ternetzi
2746:Hypostomus tapijara
2732:Hypostomus taphorni
2669:Hypostomus spiniger
2522:Hypostomus salgadae
2440:Hypostomus renestoi
2312:Hypostomus piratatu
2252:Hypostomus paulinus
2191:Hypostomus papariae
1762:Hypostomus luetkeni
1644:Hypostomus laplatae
1634:Hypostomus lamberti
1592:Hypostomus kopeyaka
1571:Hypostomus khimaera
1401:Hypostomus hermanni
1380:Hypostomus heraldoi
1366:Hypostomus hemiurus
1264:Hypostomus formosae
1212:Hypostomus faveolus
1055:Hypostomus cordovae
869:Hypostomus borellii
4265:"A new species of
4059:"A new species of
3937:"A New Species of
3278:Hypostomus rhantos
3246:"Species in genus
3008:Hypostomus wilsoni
2973:Hypostomus watwata
2956:Hypostomus waiampi
2917:A. Miranda-Ribeiro
2812:Hypostomus topavae
2493:A. Miranda-Ribeiro
2487:Hypostomus rondoni
2474:Hypostomus robinii
2453:Hypostomus rhantos
2418:A. Miranda-Ribeiro
2398:Hypostomus pusarum
2291:Hypostomus perdido
2151:Hypostomus oculeus
1982:Hypostomus mutucae
1839:Hypostomus macushi
1821:Hypostomus macrops
1480:A. Miranda-Ribeiro
1311:Hypostomus garmani
1247:Hypostomus fonchii
1199:Hypostomus ericius
1168:Hypostomus eptingi
1155:Hypostomus dlouhyi
1099:Hypostomus delimai
974:A. Miranda-Ribeiro
715:Hypostomus arecuta
634:A. Miranda-Ribeiro
614:Hypostomus affinis
602:
592:
582:
572:
178:Hypostomus guacari
4766:
4765:
4699:Open Tree of Life
4548:Taxon identifiers
4252:(1): 49–58. 2015.
3957:10.1643/ci-11-011
3175:Armbruster, J.W.
3084:
3083:
3079:
3066:
3045:
3031:
3017:
3003:
2987:Hypostomus weberi
2982:(armored catfish)
2981:
2968:
2951:
2933:
2920:
2906:
2892:
2874:
2860:
2839:
2825:
2807:
2789:
2775:
2767:Hypostomus tenuis
2762:
2741:
2727:
2714:
2701:
2688:
2674:
2664:
2652:Hypostomus soniae
2647:
2634:
2622:Hypostomus simios
2617:
2607:
2589:
2576:
2562:
2544:
2531:
2517:
2496:
2482:
2469:
2448:
2435:
2426:Hypostomus regani
2421:
2407:
2393:
2380:
2367:
2352:
2334:
2320:
2307:
2286:
2265:
2247:
2230:
2217:
2200:
2186:
2173:
2160:
2146:
2133:
2119:
2105:
2084:
2070:
2048:
2035:
2021:
2004:
1995:Hypostomus myersi
1990:
1977:
1956:
1943:
1930:
1908:
1901:R. R. de Oliveira
1879:
1865:
1851:
1834:
1816:
1803:
1790:Hypostomus luteus
1785:
1771:
1757:
1743:
1729:
1711:
1697:
1680:
1666:
1653:
1639:
1629:
1613:Hypostomus kuarup
1608:
1587:
1566:
1557:Hypostomus johnii
1552:
1538:
1522:Hypostomus jaguar
1517:
1509:Hypostomus itacua
1504:
1483:
1469:
1455:
1442:
1433:Hypostomus hondae
1428:
1414:
1396:
1375:
1361:
1348:
1334:
1320:
1306:
1292:
1259:
1242:
1228:
1207:
1194:
1182:Hypostomus ericae
1177:
1163:
1150:
1141:Hypostomus derbyi
1136:
1115:
1108:R. R. de Oliveira
1094:
1077:
1064:
1050:
1037:
1024:
1011:
998:
977:
963:
949:
924:
915:Hypostomus brevis
910:
896:
878:
864:
850:
829:
816:
798:
784:
770:
757:
743:
710:
696:
682:
664:
650:
642:Hypostomus alatus
637:
623:
569:Hypostomus alatus
538:H. hemicochliodon
528:, species of the
272:structure of the
228:
227:
223:
216:
209:
202:
164:
145:
4801:
4759:
4758:
4746:
4745:
4733:
4732:
4720:
4719:
4707:
4706:
4694:
4693:
4681:
4680:
4678:NHMSYS0021168972
4668:
4667:
4655:
4654:
4642:
4641:
4629:
4628:
4616:
4615:
4603:
4602:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4543:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4523:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4478:
4453:Isorineloricaria
4446:
4440:
4439:
4421:
4411:
4402:(2): e20180131.
4383:
4377:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4198:
4192:
4191:
4175:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4128:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4091:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4017:
4011:
4010:
4008:
3988:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3899:(1): 9–24. 2016.
3880:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3836:
3825:
3824:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3725:
3715:
3687:
3666:
3665:
3639:
3633:
3632:
3622:
3613:
3590:
3589:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3546:
3533:
3524:
3523:
3495:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3469:
3451:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3401:
3390:
3389:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3316:
3305:
3304:
3284:
3271:
3260:
3259:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3209:
3196:
3185:
3184:
3172:
3149:
3148:
3122:
3097:
3077:
3053:
3039:
3025:
3022:Hypostomus winzi
3011:
2990:
2976:
2959:
2941:
2928:
2914:
2900:
2882:
2868:
2847:
2833:
2815:
2797:
2783:
2770:
2749:
2735:
2722:
2709:
2696:
2682:
2672:
2655:
2642:
2625:
2615:
2597:
2584:
2570:
2552:
2539:
2525:
2504:
2490:
2477:
2456:
2443:
2429:
2415:
2401:
2388:
2375:
2361:
2342:
2328:
2315:
2294:
2273:
2255:
2238:
2225:
2208:
2194:
2181:
2168:
2165:Hypostomus pagei
2154:
2141:
2127:
2113:
2092:
2078:
2056:
2053:Hypostomus niger
2043:
2029:
2012:
1998:
1985:
1964:
1951:
1938:
1916:
1891:
1873:
1859:
1842:
1824:
1811:
1793:
1779:
1765:
1751:
1737:
1719:
1705:
1702:Hypostomus levis
1688:
1674:
1661:
1647:
1637:
1616:
1595:
1574:
1560:
1546:
1525:
1512:
1491:
1477:
1463:
1450:
1436:
1422:
1404:
1383:
1369:
1356:
1342:
1328:
1314:
1300:
1267:
1250:
1236:
1215:
1202:
1185:
1171:
1158:
1144:
1123:
1102:
1085:
1072:
1058:
1045:
1032:
1019:
1006:
985:
971:
957:
932:
918:
904:
886:
872:
858:
837:
824:
806:
792:
778:
765:
751:
748:Hypostomus argus
718:
704:
690:
672:
658:
645:
631:
617:
607:
412:Caribbean island
377:Isorineloricaria
334:Isorineloricaria
221:
214:
207:
200:
159:
140:
58:
57:
35:
21:
4809:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4754:
4749:
4741:
4736:
4728:
4723:
4715:
4710:
4702:
4697:
4689:
4684:
4676:
4671:
4663:
4658:
4650:
4645:
4637:
4632:
4624:
4619:
4611:
4606:
4598:
4593:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4569:
4568:
4563:
4550:
4540:
4539:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4374:
4370:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4239:
4238:
4234:
4200:
4199:
4195:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4162:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4019:
4018:
4014:
3986:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3882:
3881:
3874:
3838:
3837:
3828:
3808:
3807:
3803:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3706:(480): 97–123.
3689:
3688:
3669:
3654:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3593:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3544:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3512:10.2307/1447796
3493:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3460:(3B): 591–598.
3449:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3403:
3402:
3393:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3318:
3317:
3308:
3282:
3273:
3272:
3263:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3207:
3198:
3197:
3188:
3181:Lacépède, 1803"
3174:
3173:
3152:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3089:
3071:Hypostomus cari
3050:Hypostomus yaku
3014:C. H. Eigenmann
2948:R. S. Eigenmann
2944:C. H. Eigenmann
2857:L. R. Malabarba
2830:Hypostomus unae
2604:R. S. Eigenmann
2600:C. H. Eigenmann
2559:R. S. Eigenmann
2555:C. H. Eigenmann
2514:L. R. Malabarba
2331:C. H. Eigenmann
1831:R. S. Eigenmann
1827:C. H. Eigenmann
1734:Hypostomus lima
1716:Hypostomus lexi
1650:C. H. Eigenmann
1501:L. R. Malabarba
1372:C. H. Eigenmann
889:C. H. Eigenmann
813:R. S. Eigenmann
809:C. H. Eigenmann
628:Hypostomus agna
562:
510:Species of the
451:
400:
286:
217:
215:Gronovius, 1754
210:
203:
201:Eigenmann, 1922
184:
181:
158:
139:
52:
17:
16:Genus of fishes
12:
11:
5:
4807:
4805:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4779:Catfish genera
4771:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4747:
4734:
4721:
4708:
4695:
4682:
4669:
4656:
4643:
4630:
4617:
4604:
4591:
4576:
4560:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4538:
4537:
4514:(4): 729–736.
4490:
4469:(5): 501–539.
4441:
4378:
4368:
4331:
4318:(2): 263–283.
4294:
4281:(4): 435–442.
4255:
4232:
4213:(2): 223–232.
4193:
4170:
4160:
4147:(2): 245–253.
4123:
4110:(2): 247–256.
4086:
4049:
4012:
3999:(3): 271–278.
3970:
3951:(3): 494–500.
3927:
3902:
3872:
3859:(3): 585–602.
3826:
3801:
3776:
3737:
3667:
3652:
3634:
3591:
3568:
3525:
3506:(3): 663–675.
3481:
3433:
3420:(3): 403–412.
3391:
3364:(2): 127–136.
3348:
3335:(3): 395–402.
3306:
3261:
3242:Froese, Rainer
3233:
3186:
3150:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3067:
3046:
3032:
3018:
3004:
2992:P. H. Carvalho
2983:
2969:
2961:P. H. Carvalho
2952:
2934:
2921:
2907:
2893:
2875:
2861:
2849:R. E. dos Reis
2840:
2826:
2808:
2790:
2776:
2763:
2742:
2728:
2715:
2702:
2689:
2675:
2673:(Hensel, 1870)
2665:
2657:P. H. Carvalho
2648:
2635:
2627:P. H. Carvalho
2618:
2608:
2590:
2577:
2563:
2545:
2532:
2518:
2506:R. E. dos Reis
2497:
2483:
2470:
2449:
2436:
2422:
2408:
2394:
2381:
2368:
2354:
2335:
2321:
2308:
2287:
2266:
2248:
2240:P. H. Carvalho
2231:
2218:
2201:
2187:
2174:
2161:
2147:
2134:
2120:
2106:
2085:
2071:
2049:
2036:
2022:
2005:
1991:
1978:
1957:
1944:
1931:
1909:
1905:Rapp Py-Daniel
1897:A. S. Oliveira
1882:
1881:
1880:
1866:
1852:
1835:
1817:
1804:
1786:
1772:
1758:
1744:
1730:
1712:
1698:
1681:
1667:
1654:
1640:
1630:
1609:
1597:P. H. Carvalho
1588:
1567:
1553:
1539:
1518:
1505:
1493:R. E. dos Reis
1484:
1470:
1456:
1452:Rapp Py-Daniel
1443:
1429:
1415:
1397:
1376:
1362:
1349:
1335:
1321:
1307:
1293:
1289:Montoya-Burgos
1260:
1256:Montoya-Burgos
1243:
1229:
1208:
1195:
1187:P. H. Carvalho
1178:
1164:
1151:
1137:
1116:
1095:
1091:P. H. Carvalho
1078:
1065:
1051:
1038:
1025:
1012:
999:
978:
964:
950:
925:
911:
897:
879:
865:
851:
830:
817:
799:
785:
771:
758:
744:
740:Montoya-Burgos
711:
697:
683:
675:R. von Ihering
665:
651:
638:
624:
561:
558:
450:
447:
399:
396:
384:diploid number
367:, such as the
285:
282:
257:H. plecostomus
226:
225:
193:
192:
186:
185:
183:Lacépède, 1803
182:
173:
172:
166:
165:
151:
147:
146:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
97:Actinopterygii
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4806:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4757:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4596:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4566:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4503:
4494:
4491:
4486:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4458:
4457:Aphanotorulus
4454:
4445:
4442:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4391:
4382:
4379:
4372:
4369:
4363:
4358:
4355:(1): 97–104.
4354:
4350:
4346:
4344:
4335:
4332:
4326:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4307:
4298:
4295:
4289:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4268:
4259:
4256:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4236:
4233:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4197:
4194:
4189:
4185:
4183:
4174:
4171:
4164:
4161:
4155:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4136:
4127:
4124:
4118:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4090:
4087:
4081:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4053:
4050:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4016:
4013:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3985:
3983:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3940:
3931:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3906:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3889:H. boulengeri
3886:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3805:
3802:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3780:
3777:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3741:
3738:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3694:Hemiancistrus
3686:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3653:0-86622-131-X
3649:
3645:
3638:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3572:
3569:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3543:
3541:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3492:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3448:
3446:
3437:
3434:
3428:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3409:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3352:
3349:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3281:
3279:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3206:
3204:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3182:
3180:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3093:
3086:
3080:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2996:F. C. T. Lima
2993:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2364:L. P. Schultz
2360:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1877:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:L. P. Schultz
1858:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1708:N. E. Pearson
1704:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1626:F. C. T. Lima
1623:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:F. C. T. Lima
1598:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:Y. P. Cardoso
1266:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1225:F. C. T. Lima
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:F. C. T. Lima
992:
988:
984:
983:
979:
975:
970:
969:
965:
961:
956:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
930:
926:
922:
917:
916:
912:
908:
903:
902:
898:
894:
893:C. H. Kennedy
890:
885:
884:
880:
876:
871:
870:
866:
862:
861:N. E. Pearson
857:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:
831:
827:
823:
822:
818:
814:
810:
805:
804:
800:
796:
791:
790:
786:
782:
777:
776:
772:
768:
764:
763:
759:
755:
750:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
720:Y. P. Cardoso
717:
716:
712:
708:
703:
702:
698:
694:
689:
688:
684:
680:
676:
671:
670:
666:
662:
657:
656:
652:
648:
644:
643:
639:
635:
630:
629:
625:
621:
616:
615:
611:
610:
609:
608:
605:
600:
596:
590:
586:
580:
576:
570:
566:
559:
557:
555:
551:
550:H. cochilodon
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
530:H. cochliodon
527:
526:
521:
517:
513:
512:H. cochliodon
508:
506:
502:
498:
496:
491:
489:
484:
480:
475:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
448:
446:
443:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:South America
405:
397:
395:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
373:Aphanotorulus
370:
369:H. cochliodon
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
341:
336:
335:
330:
329:
328:Aphanotorulus
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:
302:
299:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:
253:
252:South America
249:
246:
242:
238:
234:
233:
224:
220:
213:
206:
199:
194:
191:
187:
180:
179:
174:
171:
167:
162:
157:
156:
152:
149:
148:
143:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
4555:
4531:11449/117915
4511:
4507:
4501:
4493:
4466:
4462:
4456:
4452:
4451:"The genera
4444:
4419:11336/118954
4399:
4395:
4389:
4381:
4371:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4334:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4297:
4278:
4272:
4266:
4258:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4235:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4196:
4187:
4181:
4173:
4163:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4126:
4107:
4103:
4097:
4089:
4073:(1): 73–80.
4070:
4066:
4060:
4052:
4036:(1): 43–51.
4033:
4029:
4023:
4015:
3996:
3990:
3981:
3973:
3948:
3944:
3938:
3930:
3912:
3905:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3856:
3852:
3846:
3842:
3811:
3804:
3786:
3779:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3740:
3703:
3697:
3693:
3643:
3637:
3628:
3624:
3577:
3571:
3554:
3548:
3539:
3503:
3497:
3484:
3457:
3453:
3444:
3436:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3332:
3328:
3322:
3292:
3286:
3277:
3253:
3247:
3236:
3217:
3211:
3202:
3178:
3110:
3106:
3095:
3076:
3069:
3048:
3034:
3020:
3006:
2985:
2971:
2954:
2936:
2923:
2909:
2895:
2877:
2871:Steindachner
2863:
2842:
2836:Steindachner
2828:
2810:
2792:
2778:
2765:
2744:
2730:
2717:
2704:
2691:
2677:
2667:
2650:
2637:
2620:
2610:
2592:
2579:
2565:
2547:
2534:
2520:
2499:
2485:
2479:Valenciennes
2472:
2451:
2438:
2424:
2410:
2396:
2390:Valenciennes
2383:
2370:
2356:
2337:
2323:
2310:
2289:
2268:
2250:
2233:
2220:
2203:
2189:
2176:
2163:
2149:
2136:
2130:Steindachner
2122:
2108:
2087:
2073:
2051:
2038:
2024:
2007:
1993:
1980:
1959:
1946:
1933:
1911:
1886:
1868:
1854:
1837:
1819:
1806:
1788:
1774:
1768:Steindachner
1760:
1746:
1732:
1714:
1700:
1683:
1669:
1656:
1642:
1632:
1611:
1590:
1569:
1563:Steindachner
1555:
1541:
1520:
1514:Valenciennes
1507:
1486:
1472:
1458:
1445:
1431:
1417:
1399:
1378:
1364:
1351:
1337:
1323:
1309:
1295:
1262:
1245:
1231:
1210:
1197:
1180:
1166:
1153:
1139:
1118:
1097:
1080:
1067:
1053:
1040:
1027:
1021:Valenciennes
1014:
1001:
980:
966:
960:Steindachner
952:
927:
913:
899:
881:
867:
853:
832:
819:
801:
787:
773:
760:
746:
713:
699:
685:
667:
653:
640:
626:
620:Steindachner
612:
603:
598:
588:
578:
568:
553:
549:
545:
542:H. sculpodon
541:
537:
529:
523:
520:H. sculpodon
519:
511:
509:
504:
500:
499:
492:
482:
478:
476:
470:
452:
441:
440:
427:
420:Atrato River
406:habitats of
401:
391:
381:
376:
372:
368:
364:
361:monophyletic
357:phylogenetic
352:
344:
343:, the genus
338:
332:
326:
324:
319:
315:
312:type species
308:Hypostominae
287:
277:
274:Loricariidae
265:
255:
248:Loricariidae
231:
230:
229:
218:
211:
208:Heckel, 1854
204:
197:
196:
176:
170:Type species
154:
153:
127:Hypostominae
117:Loricariidae
107:Siluriformes
40:
24:
18:
4647:iNaturalist
4580:Wikispecies
3849:Kner, 1854"
3631:(1): 1–181.
1848:L. S. Souza
946:J. P. Serra
455:suckermouth
422:(northwest
340:Squaliforma
301:Hypostomini
294:type member
212:Plecostomus
198:Cheiridodus
137:Hypostomini
123:Subfamily:
4784:Hypostomus
4773:Categories
4600:Hypostomus
4586:Hypostomus
4556:Hypostomus
4502:Hypostomus
4390:Hypostomus
4343:Hypostomus
4306:Hypostomus
4267:Hypostomus
4203:Hypostomus
4135:Hypostomus
4098:Hypostomus
4061:Hypostomus
3939:Hypostomus
3747:Hypostomus
3445:Hypostomus
3408:Hypostomus
3323:Hypostomus
3248:Hypostomus
3203:Hypostomus
3179:Hypostomus
3113:: 106711.
3087:References
2885:R. Ihering
2800:R. Ihering
2738:Lilyestrom
2586:Armbruster
2458:Armbruster
2258:R. Ihering
2210:Weyenbergh
2170:Armbruster
1844:Armbruster
1782:Devincenzi
1722:R. Ihering
1622:Birindelli
1407:R. Ihering
1358:Armbruster
1281:Lizarralde
1273:Brancolini
1221:Birindelli
1204:Armbruster
987:Birindelli
736:Lizarralde
554:Hypostomus
546:Hypostomus
505:Hypostomus
501:Hypostomus
488:caudal fin
483:Hypostomus
479:Hypostomus
471:Hypostomus
467:caudal fin
442:Hypostomus
428:Hypostomus
404:freshwater
392:Hypostomus
388:karyotypic
365:Hypostomus
353:Hypostomus
345:Hypostomus
320:H. guacari
316:Hypostomus
278:Hypostomus
232:Hypostomus
205:Cochliodon
155:Hypostomus
25:Hypostomus
4436:140248209
3757:: 69–83.
3698:Peckoltia
3662:875582011
3295:: 59–68.
3145:209428047
3129:1055-7903
2786:Boulenger
2698:Castelnau
2304:Froehlich
2283:Pavanelli
2094:Garavello
2014:IsbrĂĽcker
1584:Froehlich
1393:Pavanelli
1277:Paracampo
1133:Pavanelli
875:Boulenger
847:Froehlich
767:Castelnau
728:Casciotta
647:Castelnau
534:xylophagy
495:odontodes
305:subfamily
270:taxonomic
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
4571:Q1755056
4565:Wikidata
4485:27395943
4428:31038530
4227:27470717
4188:FishBase
3965:84627045
3771:85715759
3732:25685026
3557:: 1–60.
3476:15619997
3378:16134327
3358:Genetica
3255:FishBase
3220:: 1–27.
3137:31857199
3063:Zawadzki
3059:Langeani
3000:Zawadzki
2965:C. Weber
2930:Boeseman
2891:), 1911)
2853:C. Weber
2824:), 1969)
2806:), 1905)
2772:Boeseman
2724:Boeseman
2711:Boeseman
2661:C. Weber
2644:Boeseman
2631:C. Weber
2541:Boeseman
2510:C. Weber
2445:Zawadzki
2377:Boeseman
2345:Linnaeus
2317:C. Weber
2296:Zawadzki
2279:C. Weber
2275:Zawadzki
2264:), 1905)
2244:C. Weber
2227:Boeseman
2143:Boeseman
2102:Zawadzki
2081:Schubart
2067:La Monte
2045:Boeseman
1974:Zawadzki
1970:Shibatta
1953:C. Weber
1940:Boeseman
1927:La Monte
1893:Zawadzki
1813:Boeseman
1802:), 1980)
1728:), 1911)
1663:C. Weber
1618:Zawadzki
1605:Zawadzki
1580:Zawadzki
1535:Zawadzki
1531:Sardeiro
1497:C. Weber
1413:), 1905)
1389:C. Weber
1385:Zawadzki
1252:C. Weber
1239:Schubart
1217:Zawadzki
1191:C. Weber
1160:C. Weber
1129:C. Weber
1125:Zawadzki
1104:Zawadzki
1087:Zawadzki
1074:Boeseman
1047:Boeseman
1034:Boeseman
942:Langeani
843:Zawadzki
681:), 1911)
548:and the
459:pectoral
438:system.
436:Paraguay
424:Colombia
416:Trinidad
410:and the
262:aquarium
219:Watawata
190:Synonyms
161:Lacépède
113:Family:
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
4751:ZooBank
4639:2339615
4463:Zootaxa
4207:Zootaxa
3751:Zootaxa
3723:4319111
3704:ZooKeys
3550:Zootaxa
3520:1447796
3386:8239240
3288:Zootaxa
3213:Zootaxa
3055:Martins
3044:, 1864)
3042:GĂĽnther
3030:, 1945)
3016:, 1918)
2978:Hancock
2950:, 1888)
2919:, 1912)
2905:, 1945)
2873:, 1877)
2838:, 1878)
2788:, 1895)
2751:Oyakawa
2740:, 1984)
2687:, 1908)
2606:, 1888)
2575:, 1919)
2573:Nichols
2561:, 1888)
2530:, 1941)
2495:, 1912)
2434:, 1905)
2432:Ihering
2420:, 1920)
2406:, 1913)
2366:, 1944)
2333:, 1922)
2300:Tencatt
2216:), 1877
2199:, 1941)
2159:, 1943)
2132:, 1907)
2118:, 1941)
2098:Britski
2083:, 1964)
2069:, 1933)
2063:Nichols
2034:, 1943)
2018:Nijssen
2003:, 1947)
2001:Gosline
1929:, 1933)
1923:Nichols
1878:, 1908)
1864:, 1944)
1833:, 1888)
1784:, 1942)
1770:, 1877)
1756:, 1929)
1742:, 1874)
1710:, 1924)
1694:Pitanga
1679:, 1904)
1652:, 1907)
1576:Tencatt
1565:, 1877)
1551:, 1915)
1482:, 1918)
1468:, 1908)
1441:, 1912)
1427:, 1913)
1374:, 1912)
1347:, 1926)
1333:, 1908)
1319:, 1904)
1305:, 1874)
1241:, 1964)
1176:, 1941)
1149:, 1911)
1147:Haseman
1063:, 1880)
1061:GĂĽnther
976:, 1937)
962:, 1881)
938:Marinho
934:Martins
923:, 1919)
921:Nichols
909:, 1864)
907:GĂĽnther
895:, 1903)
877:, 1897)
863:, 1924)
839:Tencatt
815:, 1890)
797:, 1894)
783:, 1867)
781:GĂĽnther
756:, 1943)
732:Aichino
724:AlmirĂłn
709:, 1904)
695:, 1922)
663:, 1908)
636:, 1907)
622:, 1877)
560:Species
525:Panaque
371:group.
349:catfish
296:of its
292:is the
243:in the
241:catfish
150:Genus:
133:Tribe:
103:Order:
93:Class:
4743:269463
4717:356318
4665:164341
4483:
4434:
4426:
4225:
3963:
3945:Copeia
3769:
3730:
3720:
3660:
3650:
3518:
3499:Copeia
3474:
3384:
3376:
3143:
3135:
3127:
3065:, 2014
3061:&
3028:Fowler
3002:, 2010
2998:&
2980:, 1828
2967:, 2005
2963:&
2946:&
2932:, 1968
2903:Fowler
2859:, 1990
2855:&
2774:, 1968
2761:, 2005
2759:Zanata
2757:&
2726:, 1969
2713:, 1968
2700:, 1855
2663:, 2005
2659:&
2646:, 1968
2633:, 2005
2629:&
2602:&
2588:, 2003
2557:&
2543:, 1968
2528:Fowler
2516:, 1990
2512:&
2481:, 1840
2468:, 2007
2464:&
2462:Tansey
2404:Starks
2392:, 1840
2379:, 1968
2319:, 1986
2306:, 2014
2302:&
2285:, 2010
2281:&
2246:, 2005
2242:&
2229:, 1968
2197:Fowler
2185:, 1854
2172:, 2003
2157:Fowler
2145:, 1968
2116:Fowler
2104:, 2012
2100:&
2065:&
2059:Marini
2047:, 1969
2032:Fowler
2020:, 1984
2016:&
1989:, 1999
1987:Knaack
1976:, 2007
1972:&
1955:, 1987
1942:, 1968
1925:&
1919:Marini
1907:, 2015
1903:&
1850:, 2005
1846:&
1829:&
1815:, 1968
1740:LĂĽtken
1696:, 2016
1692:&
1690:Zanata
1665:, 1986
1628:, 2012
1624:&
1607:, 2010
1603:&
1586:, 2014
1582:&
1549:Fowler
1537:, 2013
1533:&
1527:Zanata
1516:, 1836
1503:, 1990
1499:&
1454:, 1988
1395:, 2008
1391:&
1360:, 2003
1345:Norman
1303:LĂĽtken
1291:, 2016
1287:&
1285:Covain
1258:, 2002
1254:&
1227:, 2008
1223:&
1206:, 2003
1193:, 2005
1189:&
1174:Fowler
1162:, 1985
1135:, 2008
1131:&
1114:, 2013
1112:Debona
1110:&
1093:, 2014
1089:&
1076:, 1968
1049:, 1968
1036:, 1969
1023:, 1836
1010:, 1854
997:, 2007
993:&
991:Zanata
948:, 2012
944:&
891:&
849:, 2014
845:&
828:, 1854
811:&
769:, 1855
754:Fowler
742:, 2012
738:&
649:, 1855
463:pelvic
432:Paraná
310:. The
268:. The
245:family
163:, 1803
144:, 1853
4738:WoRMS
4725:Plazi
4704:55618
4691:36713
4652:89029
4613:71266
4432:S2CID
3987:(PDF)
3961:S2CID
3767:S2CID
3621:(PDF)
3545:(PDF)
3516:JSTOR
3494:(PDF)
3450:(PDF)
3382:S2CID
3283:(PDF)
3208:(PDF)
3141:S2CID
2818:Godoy
2755:Akama
2685:Regan
2466:Lujan
1966:Jerep
1876:Regan
1796:Godoy
1754:Holly
1677:Regan
1466:Regan
1439:Regan
1425:Regan
1331:Regan
1317:Regan
707:Regan
693:Leege
661:Regan
298:tribe
290:genus
288:This
237:genus
235:is a
4686:NCBI
4660:ITIS
4634:GBIF
4626:52WZ
4608:BOLD
4481:PMID
4467:4072
4455:and
4424:PMID
4223:PMID
4211:4137
3949:2012
3755:3453
3728:PMID
3658:OCLC
3648:ISBN
3504:1998
3472:PMID
3374:PMID
3293:1553
3133:PMID
3125:ISSN
2349:1758
2183:Kner
1008:Kner
826:Kner
795:Cope
540:and
465:and
375:and
337:and
303:and
142:Kner
4673:NBN
4621:CoL
4595:ADW
4526:hdl
4516:doi
4471:doi
4414:hdl
4404:doi
4357:doi
4320:doi
4283:doi
4215:doi
4149:doi
4112:doi
4075:doi
4038:doi
4001:doi
3953:doi
3918:doi
3861:doi
3817:doi
3792:doi
3759:doi
3718:PMC
3708:doi
3582:doi
3559:doi
3555:249
3508:doi
3462:doi
3422:doi
3366:doi
3362:124
3337:doi
3297:doi
3222:doi
3218:921
3115:doi
3111:145
414:of
318:is
314:of
239:of
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3105:.
3057:,
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2262:pt
2214:de
2096:,
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1968:,
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1800:pt
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