Impeachment - Knowledge (XXG)

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lower house process, with time constraints imposed on the steps taken. The committee's opinion must be presented within 10 days, after which it is put to a call-out vote at the next session. The vote must proceed within a single session; the vote on President Rousseff took over 20 hours. A simple majority vote in the Senate begins formal deliberation on the complaint, immediately suspends the President from office, installs the Vice President as acting president, and begins a 20-day period for written defense as well as up to 180-days for the trial. In the event the trial proceeds slowly and exceeds 180 days, the Brazilian Constitution determines that the President is entitled to return and stay provisionally in office until the trial comes to its decision.

738:. The president enjoys immunity from criminal prosecution while in office, but may be charged with crimes committed during his term afterwards. Should the president violate the constitution while discharging his duties or commit a willful criminal offense, he may be removed from office. Removal proceedings may be proposed by the concurring recommendation of one-fifth of the 199 members of the country's unicameral Parliament. Parliament votes on the proposal by secret ballot, and if two thirds of all representatives agree, the president is impeached. Once impeached, the president's powers are suspended, and the Constitutional Court decides whether or not the President should be removed from office. 40: 392:

questions must be presented to the president of the Supreme Court, who, as prescribed in the Constitution, presides over the trial. The president of the Supreme Court allots time for debate and rebuttal, after which time the parties leave the chamber and the senators deliberate on the indictment. The President of the Supreme Court reads the summary of the grounds, the charges, the defense and the evidence to the Senate. The senators in turn issue their judgement. On conviction by a supermajority of two thirds, the president of the Supreme Court pronounces the sentence and the accused is immediately notified. If there is no supermajority for conviction, the accused is acquitted.

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incumbent on him under the constitution or legislation in general or according to the nature of his post. A majority of the judges in that impeachment case voted for former Minister of Justice Erik Ninn-Hansen to receive a suspended sentence of four months with one year of probation. The reason why the sentence was made suspended was especially in relation to Ninn-Hansen's personal circumstances, in particular, his health and age – Ninn-Hansen was 73 years old when the sentence was handed down. After the verdict, Ninn-Hansen complained to the European Court of Human Rights and complained, among other things, that the

536:(In Danish: Rigsretten) which is called upon every time a current and former minister have been impeached. The role of the Impeachment Court is to process and deliver judgments against current and former ministers who are accused of unlawful conduct in office. The legal content of ministerial responsibility is laid down in the Ministerial Accountability Act which has its background in section 13 of the Danish Constitution, according to which the ministers' accountability is determined in more detail by law. In Denmark the normal practice in terms of impeachment cases is that it needs to be brought up in the 544:) first for debate between the different members and parties in the parliament. After the debate the members of the Danish Parliament vote on whether a current or former minister needs to be impeached. If there is a majority in the Danish Parliament for an impeachment case against a current or former minister, an Impeachment Court is called into session. In Denmark the Impeachment Court consists of up to 15 Supreme Court judges and 15 parliament members appointed by the Danish Parliament. The members of the Impeachment Court in Denmark serve a six-year term in this position. 958: 1156:

Representatives act as the prosecutors and the senators act as judges with the Senate president presiding over the proceedings (the chief justice jointly presides with the Senate president if the president is on trial). Like the United States, to convict the official in question requires that a minimum of two thirds (i.e. 16 of 24 members) of all the members of the Senate vote in favor of conviction. If an impeachment attempt is unsuccessful or the official is acquitted, no new cases can be filed against that impeachable official for at least one full year.

294:. For instance, if a king punished citizens arbitrarily or was exposed to be corrupt, he would be destooled. Destoolment entailed Kingmakers removing the sandals of the king and bumping his buttocks on the ground three times. Once destooled from office, his sanctity and thus reverence were lost, as he could not exercise any powers he had as king; this included Chief administrator, Judge, and Military Commander. The now previous king was disposed of the Stool, swords and other 1321: 591:

Støjberg on 10 February 2016 decided that an accommodation scheme should apply without the possibility of exceptions, so that all asylum-seeking spouses and cohabiting couples where one was a minor aged 15–17, had to be separated and accommodated separately in separate asylum centers. On 21 December, a majority in the Folketing voted that the sentence means that she is no longer worthy of sitting in the Folketing and she therefore immediately lost her seat.

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10 April 1950, or "The Law of Impeachment", states that "The crimes defined in this law, even when simply attempted, are subject to the penalty of loss of office, with disqualification for up to five years for the exercise of any public function, to be imposed by the Federal Senate in proceedings against the President of the Republic, Ministers of State, Ministers of the Supreme Federal Tribunal, or the Attorney General."

1766: 1170: 1007: 4306: 192:, is not reviewable by the courts). In the United States, impeachment is a remedial rather than penal process, intended to "effectively 'maintain constitutional government' by removing individuals unfit for office"; persons subject to impeachment and removal remain "liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law." 2358:

Hamilton asserted that, while likely to be criminal acts, impeachable wrongdoings 'are those offenses which proceed from the misconduct of public men ... from the abuse or violation of some public trust.' James Madison urged that impeachment is appropriate for 'loss of capacity, or corruption ... might be fatal to the republic.'

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As of January 2024 no impeachment of a president has ever taken place. The dignity of what is a largely ceremonial office is considered important, so it is likely that a president would resign from office long before undergoing formal conviction or impeachment. In 1976, after being criticised by

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A hearing for the complainant and the accused convenes within 48 hours of notification from deliberation, from which a trial is scheduled by the president of the Supreme Court no less than ten days after the hearing. The senators sit as judges, while witnesses are interrogated and cross-examined; all

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requires that two-thirds of the Deputies vote in favor of the opening of the impeachment process of the President and that two-thirds of the Senators vote for impeachment. State governors and municipal mayors can also be impeached by the respective legislative bodies. Article 2 of Law no. 1.079, from

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was convicted by the special Court of Impeachment of separating asylum seeker families illegally according to Danish and international law and sentenced to 60 days in prison. The majority of the judges in the special Court of Impeachment (25 out of 26 judges) found that it had been proven that Inger

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The rapporteur's opinion is subject to a vote within the committee. If the majority accepts the rapporteur's opinion, it is deemed adopted. However, if the majority rejects the rapporteur's opinion, the committee adopts an alternative opinion proposed by the majority. For instance, if the rapporteur

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An extraordinary committee is established, consisting of members from each political party in proportion to their party's membership. The committee is responsible for assessing the need for impeachment proceedings. The President is given ten parliamentary sessions to present their defense. Following

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According to the House practice manual, "Impeachment is a constitutional remedy to address serious offenses against the system of government. It is the first step in a remedial process – that of removal from public office and possible disqualification from holding further office. The

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will appoint a tribunal to investigate allegations against the president. If the tribunal finds the president guilty, or otherwise declares that the president is "permanently incapable of discharging the functions of his office by reason of mental or physical infirmity", Parliament will hold a vote

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judges can be impeached for criminal offenses tied to their duties and committed in office, according to the Constitution of 1814, §§ 86 and 87. The procedural rules were modeled after the U.S. rules and are quite similar to them. Impeachment has been used eight times since 1814, last in 1927. Many

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were put on hold in violation of Danish and International law. On 22 June 1995, Ninn-Hansen was found guilty of violating paragraph five subsection one of the Danish Ministerial Responsibility Act which says: A minister is punished if he intentionally or through gross negligence neglects the duties

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on allegations of budgetary mismanagement, a crime of responsibility under the Constitution. On 12 May 2016, after 20 hours of deliberation, the admissibility of the accusation was approved by the Senate with 55 votes in favor and 22 against (an absolute majority would have been sufficient for this

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allowing access to the courts and due process of law under Article 5 of the constitution. The accused has 15 days to present written arguments in defense and answer to the evidence gathered, and then the committee shall issue an opinion on the merits within ten days. The entire package is published

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The process in the Senate had been historically lacking in procedural guidance until 1992, when the Senate published in the Official Diary of the Union the step-by-step procedure of the Senate's impeachment process, which involves the formation of another special committee and closely resembles the

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In February 2021, Judge Lim Seong-geun of the Busan High Court was impeached by the National Assembly for meddling in politically sensitive trials, the first ever impeachment of a judge in Korean history. Unlike presidential impeachments, only a simple majority is required to impeach. Judge Lim's

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was impeached when it was discovered that she had possibly against both Danish and International law tried to separate couples in refugee centres in Denmark, as the wives of the couples were under legal age. According to a commission report Inger Støjberg had also lied in the Danish Parliament and

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has impeached an official 22 times since 1789: four times for presidents, fifteen times for federal judges, twice for a Cabinet secretary, and once for a senator. Of the 22, the Senate voted to remove 8 officials impeached by the House of Representatives (all federal judges) from office. The four

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elements. The Constitution provides that "Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to

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and John Nowak explain that the Framers wisely intended the phrase "or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors" to include undermining the Constitution and similar, "great offenses against the federal government (like abuse of power) even if they are not necessarily crimes.' For instance, Alexander

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generated by the confrontation between the Government of Pedro Pablo Kuczynski and the Congress, in which the opposition Popular Force has an absolute majority. The impeachment request was rejected by the congress on 21 December 2017, for failing to obtain sufficient votes for the deposition.

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supported by at least two-thirds of the total membership. The investigation may be made by the house itself or delegated to another "court, tribunal or body". The president is removed from office only if at least two-thirds of the total membership of the investigating house support an ensuing

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The ratification debates support the conclusion that 'other high Crimes and Misdemeanors' were not limited to indictable offenses but rather included great offenses against the federal government. ... Justices James Wilson and Joseph Story expressed agreement with Hamilton's understanding of

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The Chamber issues a call-out vote to accept the opinion of the committee, requiring a supermajority of two thirds in favor of an impeachment opinion (or a supermajority of two thirds against a dismissal opinion) of the committee, in order to authorize the Senate impeachment proceedings. The

711:. A motion for investigation, initiated jointly by at least one-fourth of all the legislators charging the Chief Executive with "serious breach of law or dereliction of duty" and refusing to resign, shall first be passed by the council. An independent investigation committee, chaired by the 872:

in joint session for high treason and for attempting to overthrow the Constitution. If impeached, the president of the Republic is then tried by the Constitutional Court integrated with sixteen citizens older than forty chosen by lot from a list compiled by the Parliament every nine years.

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An accusation of a responsibility crime against the President may be brought by any Brazilian citizen; however, the President of the Chamber of Deputies holds prerogative to accept the charge, which if accepted will be read at the next session and reported to the President of the Republic.

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A main difference from U.S. proceedings, however, is that only one third of House members are required to approve the motion to impeach the president (as opposed to a simple majority of those present and voting in their U.S. counterpart). In the Senate, selected members of the House of

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The decision to initiate an impeachment case was adopted by the Danish Parliament with a 141–30 vote and decision (In Denmark 90 members of the parliament need to vote for impeachment before it can be implemented). On 13 December 2021 former Minister for Immigration and Integration

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recommends against impeachment but fails to secure majority support, the committee will adopt the opinion to proceed with impeachment. Conversely, if the rapporteur advises impeachment but does not obtain majority approval, the committee will adopt the opinion not to impeach.

1826:." In the United States, impeachment is the first of two stages; an official may be impeached by a majority vote of the House, but conviction and removal from office in the Senate requires "the concurrence of two thirds of the members present". Impeachment is analogous to an 460:. In case of a successful impeachment motion a president's constitutional term of five years would be terminated and an election called within 60 days of the vacancy occurring. During the period of vacancy the presidential powers and duties would be carried out by the 1441: 564:

was not impartial. The European Court of Human Rights dismissed the complaint on 18 May 1999. As a direct result and consequence of this case, the Conservative-led government and Prime Minister at that time Poul Schlüter was forced to step down from power.

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decides whether the President is guilty as charged and, if this is the case, whether to remove him or her from office. The Federal Constitutional Court also has the power to remove federal judges from office for willfully violating core principles of the

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procedure available in some countries whereby a motion of censure can be used to remove a government and its ministers from office. Such a procedure is not applicable in countries with presidential forms of government like the United States.

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can begin the process. Then, the impeachment proposal must be transmitted to the other house, which can acknowledge the impeachment process within 15 days. After the upper and lower houses' agreement, they unite in joint session to form the

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within two months. If the investigation is not completed within this period, the commission's time may be renewed for another month. Within ten days of its submission to the speaker, the report would be distributed to all members of the

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officials as the unique nature of their positions may place ministers beyond the reach of the law to prosecute, or their misconduct is not codified into law as an offense except through the unique expectations of their high office. Both

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upon the proposal of simple majority of its total members, and within a period less than a month, the approval of three-fifths of the total members. The investigation would be carried out by a commission of fifteen members of the

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majority needed for Rousseff's definitive removal. A vote to disqualify her for five years was taken and failed (in spite of the Constitution not separating disqualification from removal) having less than two thirds in favor.

495:, which has to decide the verdict against the president. If the Court finds the President guilty, then the President is removed from office and is permanently barred from being elected President of the Czech Republic again. 2017:

while it's true that politics are bound up in how impeachment plays out, it's a myth that impeachment is just political. Rather, it's the principal legal remedy that the Constitution expressly specifies to hold presidents

401:, the 32nd President of Brazil, resigned in 1992 amidst impeachment proceedings. Despite his resignation, the Senate nonetheless voted to convict him and bar him from holding any office for eight years, due to evidence of 2903: 298:

which symbolized his office and authority. He also lost the position as custodian of the land. However, despite being destooled from office, the king remained a member of the royal family from which he was elected.

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The High Court must decide whether or not to declare the removal from office of the president. The impeachment procedure in front of the National Assembly and the Senate, as well as the removal from office by the

3620: 3263: 1692:. The trial would be finalized within three months, and if not, a one-time additional period of three months shall be granted. The president, about whom an investigation has been initiated, may not call for an 766:, etc. No president has faced impeachment proceedings. Hence, the provisions for impeachment have never been tested. The sitting president cannot be charged and needs to step down in order for that to happen. 353:

this, two legislative sessions are held to allow for the formulation of a legal opinion by a rapporteur regarding whether or not impeachment proceedings should be initiated and brought to trial in the Senate.

1543:. Since 1997, members of certain commissions established by the Constitution can also be impeached. The grounds for impeachment, and the procedures to be followed, have changed several times over the years. 715:, will then carry out the investigation and report back to the council. If the Council find the evidence sufficient to substantiate the charges, it may pass a motion of impeachment by a two-thirds majority. 1487:

on charges of treason, violation of the Constitution, corruption, or attempting to mislead the Presidential Elections Committee for the purpose of demonstrating eligibility to be elected as president. The

2821: 555:. The case was centered around the illegal processing of family reunification applications. From September 1987 to January 1989 applications for family reunification of Tamil refugees from civil war-torn 144:, it is usually reserved for those deemed to have committed serious abuses of their office. In the United States, for example, impeachment at the federal level is limited to those who may have committed " 876:

Italian press and political forces made use of the term "impeachment" for the attempt by some members of parliamentary opposition to initiate the procedure provided for in Article 90 against Presidents

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National legislations differ regarding both the consequences and definition of impeachment, but the intent is nearly always to expeditiously vacate the office. In most nations the process begins in the

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Because impeachment involves a departure from the normal constitutional procedures by which individuals achieve high office (election, ratification, or appointment) and because it generally requires a

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Impeachment is provided for in the constitutional laws of many countries including Brazil, France, India, Ireland, the Philippines, Russia, South Korea, and the United States. It is distinct from the

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by the House in 2000, but the trial ended prematurely due to outrage over a vote to open an envelope where that motion was narrowly defeated by his allies. Estrada was deposed days later during the

1615:, according to article 111(1) of the Constitution. During review of impeachment in the Constitutional Court, the impeached is suspended from exercising power by article 65(3) of the Constitution. 1351: 695:

There has never been an impeachment against the President so far. Constructive votes of no confidence against the chancellor occurred in 1972 and 1982, with only the second one being successful.

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In 2013, the constitution was changed. Since 2013, the process can be started by at least three-fifths of present senators, and must be approved by at least three-fifths of all members of the

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President is suspended (provisionally removed) from office as soon as the Senate receives and accepts from the Chamber of Deputies the impeachment charges and decides to proceed with a trial.

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when they violated the Constitution or other statutory duties. By article 65(2) of the Constitution, proposal of impeachment needs simple majority of votes among quorum of one-thirds of the

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before the expiry of the term for violation of the Constitution. Other than impeachment, no other penalty can be given to a president in position for the violation of the Constitution under

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Constitutions in 9 democracies give a court—often the country's constitutional court—the power to begin an impeachment; another 61 constitutions place the court at the end of the process.

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Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law." It is generally accepted that "a former President may be prosecuted for crimes of which he was acquitted by the Senate".

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The committee interrogates the accused or their counsel, from which they have a right to abstain, and also a probative session which guarantees the accused rights to contradiction, or

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is used instead of the process of impeachment, which is traditionally used in some other nations as a way of addressing similar allegations against persons holding analogous offices.

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purpose of impeachment is not punishment; rather, its function is primarily to maintain constitutional government." Impeachment may be understood as a unique process involving both

1675:, each nominated by the political parties in proportion to their representation therein. The commission would submit its report indicating the outcome of the investigation to the 1290: 456:, which must accept such a proposal with a two-thirds majority vote in favor in order for the president to be removed from office. This has never occurred in the history of the 137:

and sentencing. Most commonly, an official is considered impeached after the house votes to accept the charges, and impeachment itself does not remove the official from office.

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Impeachment is when a peer or commoner is accused of 'high crimes and misdemeanours, beyond the reach of the law or which no other authority in the state will prosecute.'

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on a resolution to remove the president from office, which requires a three-quarters majority to succeed. No president has ever been removed from office in this fashion.

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has the "sole Power of Impeachment" and the Senate has "the sole Power to try all Impeachments". Article Two provides that "The President, Vice President and all civil

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1. To charge (a high public official) before a legally constituted tribunal with crime or misdemeanor in office. 2. To bring discredit upon the honesty or validity of.

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was notified to assume the duties of the President pending trial. On 31 August, 61 senators voted in favor of impeachment and 20 voted against it, thus achieving the

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which started in 1805 and which ended with his acquittal in June 1806. Over the centuries, the procedure has been supplemented by other forms of oversight including

1307:, was convicted on 29 May 2012, by the Senate under Article II of the Articles of Impeachment (for betraying public trust), with 20–3 votes from the Senator Judges. 453: 117:, ten presidents from seven countries were removed from office by their national legislatures via impeachments or declarations of incapacity between 1978 and 2019. 3676: 1381:, the President of the Congress, the whole process of impeachment could have taken as little as a week to complete. This event was part of the second stage of the 3344: 2168: 1784:

presiding. The House managers are seated beside the quarter-circular tables on the left and the president's personal counsel on the right, much in the fashion of

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resolution that, not only has the charge been sustained, but also the misbehaviour was serious enough to render the president "unfit to continue in office".

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cannot be impeached as he "is not subject to the jurisdiction of the courts and does not have legal responsibility". The same is true of any member of the

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Upon conviction, the officeholder has his or her political rights revoked for eight years, which bars them from running for any office during that time.

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for each senator before a single plenary session issues a call-out vote, which shall proceed to trial on a simple majority and close the case otherwise.

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However, the Legislative Council does not have the power to actually remove the chief executive from office, as the chief executive is appointed by the

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If the committee vote is successful, the rapporteur's opinion is considered adopted, thereby determining the course of action regarding impeachment.

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and the requirement in each case is simple resolution by each house of the Oireachtas. The process is nevertheless informally called "impeachment".

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was established in 1910, the only officials who could be impeached (though the term itself was not used) were the chief justice and judges of the

665: 3225: 275:(1780) and other states thereafter adopted the impeachment mechanism, but they restricted the punishment to removal of the official from office. 3751: 2247: 3909: 1908: 1883: 1847: 1807: 1676: 1133: 169: 3472: 2190: 1684:, and ten days after its distribution, the report would be discussed on the floor. Upon the approval of two thirds of the total number of the 39: 3840: 3124:

Cahillane, Laura; Hickey, Tom (10 November 2023). "'Impeachment' in Irish Constitutional Law". In Monaghan, Chris; Flinders, Matthew (eds.).

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Members of the Liechtenstein Government can be impeached before the State Court for breaches of the Constitution or of other laws. As a

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on 19 May 2007 and a large majority of the electorate voted against removing the president from office. For the most recent suspension

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and is then suspended. A referendum then follows to determine whether the suspended President should be removed from office. President

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resigned "to protect the dignity and independence of the presidency as an institution", although there was no question of impeachment.

98:" have been subject to the process, however. From 1990 to 2020, there have been at least 272 impeachment charges against 132 different 3725: 3693: 2081: 1879: 1864: 1730: 1464: 689: 481: 461: 264: 4231: 4097: 4072: 3996: 3141: 3033: 2152: 2046: 1887: 1860: 1742: 1716: 1685: 1681: 1672: 1655: 1272:, becoming the second person to be impeached. In April, Gutierrez resigned prior to the Senate's convening as an impeachment court. 1217: 1137: 1121: 1054: 986: 957: 845: 797: 3784: 3590: 3501: 1707:

The provision of this article shall also apply to the offenses for which the president allegedly worked during his term of office.

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of the constitution. However, a president after his/her removal can be punished for her/his already proven unlawful activity under

502:. This case was dismissed by the court, which reasoned that his mandate had expired. The Senate also proposed to impeach president 1303:

To date, three officials had been successfully impeached by the House of Representatives, and two were not convicted. The latter,

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in 2016 was impeached by the National Assembly, and the impeachment was confirmed by the Constitutional Court on 10 March 2017.

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who exercises the function of head of state should the Prince be temporarily prevented or in preparation for the Succession.

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in 2019 but the Chamber of Deputies did not vote on the issue in time and thus the case did not even proceed to the Court.

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which has the right to only impeach the president. After the approval by the Chamber of Deputies, the case is passed to the

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on 29 July 2012; the results were heavily against the president, but the referendum was invalidated due to low turnout.

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require a majority of two thirds of the members of the House involved or of the High Court; no proxy voting is allowed.

488: 409: 327: 145: 3336: 2621: 2602: 4296: 4085: 4060: 3984: 2753: 1856: 1770: 1564: 1510: 1489: 793: 722:(State Council of China). The council can only report the result to the Central People's Government for its decision. 322:

In Brazil, as in most other Latin American countries, "impeachment" refers to the definitive removal from office. The

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This article is about the process of charging a public official. For challenging a witness in a legal proceeding, see

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term expired before the Constitutional Court could render a verdict, leading the court to dismiss the case.

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may be impeached for "stated misbehaviour". The president may not be otherwise removed from office or made

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by secret vote, the person or persons, about whom the investigation was conducted, may be tried before the

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Peter Brandon Bayer (23 May 2019). "The Constitution dictates that impeachment must not be partisan".

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Impeachment has elements of both legal and political proceedings. As a result, it is a unique process.

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have been impeached (including two who were impeached twice), of whom seven governors were convicted.

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for willfully violating federal law. Once the Bundestag or the Bundesrat impeaches the president, the

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In Denmark the possibility for current and former ministers being impeached was established with the

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In December 2011, in what was described as "blitzkrieg fashion", 188 of the 285 members of the

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found him guilty of having violated his oath and the constitution. He was the first European

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in the second half of the 14th century. Following the English example, the constitutions of

244: 148:"—the latter phrase referring to offenses against the government or the constitution, grave 59: 3717: 4274: 4135: 4116: 4092: 4067: 4015: 3991: 3700: 3659: 2625: 2606: 2507:"Was it a coup? Democracy and Constitutionality in the 2016 Brazilian Impeachment Process" 2287: 1750: 1734: 982: 962: 628: 260: 250:. Medieval popular etymology also associated it (wrongly) with derivations from the Latin 234: 157: 149: 3497: 3774: 3582: 3524:"Lithuanian Parliament Removes Country's President After Casting Votes on Three Charges" 2701: 1334:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

816:

and the other directing the ensuing investigation and final vote. The charge requires a

2354: 1722: 1378: 1231: 785: 503: 417: 283: 185: 106:(with the notable exception of the United States) involve the courts (often a national 44: 4291: 2966: 2442: 4320: 4216: 1631: 1523:. The scope was broadened when the country became a republic in 1961, to include the 1460: 1444: 1304: 1293: 1101: 990: 966: 902: 830: 616: 272: 141: 99: 82: 48: 1440: 3862: 2054:

impeachment as a political proceeding and impeachable offenses as political crimes.

1777: 1623: 848:

can be removed from office for "stated misbehaviour", it does not describe this as

813: 422: 153: 126: 51:(right) were both impeached and removed from office in 2016 and 2017, respectively. 1245:

In 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, impeachment complaints were filed against President

2874:"Folketinget har stemt: Inger Støjberg er ikke værdig til at sidde i Folketinget" 2844:"Rigsretten – Rigsretten har afsagt dom i sagen mod fhv. minister Inger Støjberg" 2638: 2036: 1997:"Impeachment is the law. Saying 'political process' only helps Trump's narrative" 1961:

Landau, Sidney; Brantley, Sheila; Davis, Samuel; Koenigsberg, Ruth, eds. (1997).

3937:"'The Manager in Distress': Reaction to the Impeachment of Henry Dundas, 1805–7" 2675: 2618: 2599: 1765: 1169: 1006: 670: 279: 130: 122: 103: 27:

Process for charging a public official with legal offenses by the legislature(s)

3613:"Lawmakers who helped Peru president survive impeachment bid say democracy won" 2478:

Asante Catholicism; Religious and Cultural Reproduction among the Akan of Ghana

1931: 4128: 3471:. Legal Service of the Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein. 2003. 2967:"Magyarország Alaptörvénye – Hatályos Jogszabályok Gyűjteménye" 1827: 801: 552: 532:

who would normally handle these types of cases. Instead Denmark has a special

209: 161: 2321: 4086:

House Practice: A Guide to the Rules, Precedents and Procedures of the House

4061:

House Practice: A Guide to the Rules, Precedents and Procedures of the House

3985:

House Practice: A Guide to the Rules, Precedents and Procedures of the House

3955: 2672:"Constitutional Court throws out treason charges against ex-president Klaus" 1835: 1418:

was impeached twice by the Parliament: in 2007 and then again in July 2012.

1083: 657: 556: 541: 291: 95: 67: 4305: 3556: 3133: 2539:"Brazil's Lower House of Congress Votes for Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff" 2409: 677:

constitution. The impeachment procedure is regulated in Article 61 of the

4218:

The Federal Impeachment Process: A Constitutional and Historical Analysis

3936: 2643: 2038:

The Federal Impeachment Process: A Constitutional and Historical Analysis

1890:

to impeach officials of the state government. From 1789 through 2008, 14

1725:, in principle, anybody may be prosecuted and tried by the two Houses of 1626:

in 2004 was impeached by the National Assembly but was overturned by the

1116:

has the exclusive power to initiate all cases of impeachment against the

1074: 498:

No Czech president has ever been impeached, though members of the Senate

268: 63: 17: 4251:"Impeachment and the states: A look at the history, provisions in place" 66:

for misconduct. It may be understood as a unique process involving both

4138:, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel (18 August 2000). 3718:"Constitution of the Republic of Singapore – Singapore Statutes Online" 3557:"The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines – Article XI" 2814:"Denmark's ex-immigration minister convicted over asylum seeker policy" 2575: 1819: 1815: 1152:

which tries and decide, as impeachment tribunal, the impeachment case.

1086:. In cases of impeachment, an appointed court (Riksrett) takes effect. 901:, judges can be impeached. The voting method is specified by laws. The 734:(constitution) provides for the process of impeaching and removing the 525: 402: 295: 3027:"The Prevention of Insults to National Honour (Amendment) Act of 1971" 1814:, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, 3999:, p. 594 (quoting U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 2, cl. 5; Sec. 3, cl. 6.). 1867:. All four impeachments were followed by acquittal in the Senate. An 1647: 978: 568:

In February 2021 the former Minister for Immigration and Integration

78: 4277:, Illinois General Assembly Legislative Research Unit (8 July 2008). 2943:. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government. Archived from 1332:. The reason given is: missing impeachment of Vizcarra and Castillo. 3226:"Cossiga, il presidente silenzioso che si trasformò in picconatore" 977:, the president may be impeached by a three-fifths majority in the 619:. The process of impeachment is written in the 68th article of the 180:, to acquit or convict); the validity of an impeachment trial is a 2091: 1764: 1618:

Two presidents have been impeached since the establishment of the

1439: 1350: 956: 547:

In 1995 the former Minister of Justice Erik Ninn-Hansen from the

449: 287: 218: 62:

or other legally constituted tribunal initiates charges against a

38: 1603:

needs simple majority of votes among quorum of two-thirds of the

1100:

Impeachment in the Philippines follows procedures similar to the

1073:

Members of government, representatives of the national assembly (

985:

was removed from office by impeachment on 6 April 2004 after the

2784:"Denmark's ex-immigraton minister set to face impeachment trial" 1527:. It was further broadened in 1981 to include the new office of 1447:, as president of Russia, survived several impeachment attempts. 800:

will deputise in the interim. Impeachment is controlled by the

792:

rule that he has become "permanently incapacitated" then a new

448:

can be initiated by a two-thirds majority vote in favor in the

212: 3837:"Constitutional Court rejects first-ever impeachment of judge" 3256:"Italy parliament rejects bid to impeach President Napolitano" 1839: 1314: 1163: 1000: 71: 3642:

ro:Referendumul pentru demiterea președintelui României, 2012

3337:"Factbox – Impeachment of a President: How it works in Italy" 2041:(3d ed.). University of Chicago Press. pp. 106–07. 1471:(1995–96); efforts to launch impeachment proceedings failed. 1259:

of the members for transmittal to, and trial by, the Senate.

4268:"Research Response: Governors' Impeachments in U.S. History" 3456: 3454: 3452: 3426: 3287:"Italy's anti-establishment party bids to impeach president" 2392:– via Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School. 1869:

impeachment process was also commenced against Richard Nixon

1249:, but none of the cases reached the required endorsement of 227:

expressing the idea of catching or ensnaring by the 'foot' (

4148: 4146: 4144: 113:

In Latin America, which includes almost 40% of the world's

4110:

Art I.S3.C7.1.1 Judgment in Cases of Impeachment: Overview

1932:"impeachment | Definition, Process, History, & Facts" 1729:

for any crime. The first recorded impeachment is that of

464:

in his/her capacity as Acting President of the Republic.

330:

and then tried and definitely removed from office by the

2281:

To Impeach or Not to Impeach: Lessons from Latin America

480:

can be impeached for high treason (newly defined in the

3694:"Drive to Impeach Russian President Dies in Parliament" 3314:"Italian President's Loyalty to the Euro Creates Chaos" 2702:"Senát schválil ústavní žalobu na prezidenta republiky" 2368: 2366: 2147:. Vol. I 10 (2005 ed.). Chicago. p. 92. 2076:. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. p. 20. 1367:

first impeachment process against Pedro Pablo Kuczynski

146:

Treason, Bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors

3119: 3117: 1755:

Judicial functions of the House of Lords § Trials

2217:"What impeaching leaders looks like around the world" 1851:

impeachment trials in the Senate of presidents were:

3807:"Legislature impeaches judge for political meddling" 3126:

British Origins and American Practice of Impeachment

3462:"Constitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein" 3102:

Constitution of Ireland, Articles 12.10.5°, 13.8.2°

2639:"Czech President Vaclav Klaus faces treason charge" 2030: 2028: 2026: 1553:

Constitutional Court of Korea § on Impeachment

484:) or any serious infringement of the Constitution. 4215: 3312: 3157: 3075:Constitution of Ireland, Articles 12.3, 12.7, 14.1 2537: 2415:. Congressional Research Service. pp. 15–16. 1361:speaks about the impeachment process against him. 820:signed by at least thirty members and consequent 290:taken during their enstoolment were destooled by 2403: 2401: 2399: 1987: 1985: 1611:, it is finally reviewed under jurisdiction the 1459:, unsuccessfully attempted to impeach President 868:can be impeached through a majority vote of the 788:for his actions, although if five judges of the 572:at that time member of the Danish Liberal Party 500:sought to impeach President Václav Klaus in 2013 326:may be provisionally removed from office by the 4009:ArtII.S4.1.2.1 Offices Eligible for Impeachment 3498:"The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania" 3184:Constitution of Ireland, Articles 33.5 and 35.4 2310:Washington University Global Studies Law Review 750:and judges, including the chief justice of the 684:There is no formal impeachment process for the 4185:"The Impeachment Proceedings That Came Before" 3196:"President of Italy is Making Political Waves" 1882:set forth parallel impeachment procedures for 1786:United States president Andrew Johnson's trial 1144:. When a third of its membership has endorsed 924: 918: 912: 906: 3084:Constitution of Ireland, Article 12.10.2°, 5° 2470: 2468: 1963:Funk & Wagnall's Standard Desk Dictionary 1804:Article One of the United States Constitution 1607:. When impeachment proposal is passed in the 1128:, members of the Constitutional Commissions ( 679:Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany 599:In France the comparable procedure is called 172:has the sole power of impeachments while the 8: 4238:attempted Impeachment of William O. Douglas. 3093:Constitution of Ireland, Article 12.10.3°,4° 2410:"Report No. R44260, Impeachment and Removal" 2064: 2062: 1262:In March 2011, the House of Representatives 573: 238: 4034:U.S. Constitution. Article I, § 3, clause 6 2408:Cole, J. P.; Garvey, T. (29 October 2015). 2292:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 2138: 2136: 2134: 1198:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1114:House of Representatives of the Philippines 1035:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 516:Court of Impeachment of the Realm (Denmark) 259:The process was first used by the English " 251: 228: 222: 208:The word "impeachment" likely derives from 4337:Political terminology of the United States 3367:"Italian president faces impeachment call" 2167:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 713:chief justice of the Court of Final Appeal 493:Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic 318:Impeachment proposals against Michel Temer 129:who bring charges of misconduct, then the 3896: 3894: 3111:Constitution of Ireland, Article 12.10.7° 3057:Constitution of Ireland, Article 12.10.1° 2246:Huq, Aziz; Ginsburg, Tom; Landau, David. 1599:. However, exceptionally, impeachment on 1457:Communist Party of the Russian Federation 1218:Learn how and when to remove this message 1055:Learn how and when to remove this message 860:In Italy, according to Article 90 of the 754:and high courts, can be impeached by the 581:failed to report relevant details to the 3750:. Korea Legislation Research Institute. 3159:"Public assertion of personal integrity" 2931: 2929: 2074:Impeachment: What Everyone Needs to Know 1798:Federal impeachment in the United States 840:While the Constitution also states that 176:has the sole power to try impeachments ( 4222:. University of Chicago Press. p. 3748:"Constitution of the Republic of Korea" 2143:Davidson, Roger (2005). "Impeachment". 1926: 1924: 1920: 1463:on charges relating to his role in the 1082:argue that impeachment has fallen into 3916:from the original on 24 September 2019 2160: 1909:List of impeachments of heads of state 1875:in 1974 to avoid an impeachment vote. 85:, impeachment tends to be confined to 4041:from the original on 18 November 2021 3817:from the original on 19 February 2021 3787:from the original on 24 February 2021 3775:"Revisiting Roh Moo-hyun impeachment" 3437:from the original on 19 December 2020 3066:Constitution of Ireland, Article 13.8 2977:from the original on 28 December 2018 2884:from the original on 22 December 2021 2824:from the original on 13 December 2021 2708:from the original on 24 November 2020 2500: 2498: 2422:from the original on 19 December 2019 2384:from the original on 14 February 2021 2119:from the original on 7 September 2023 1942:from the original on 17 November 2021 1658:may initiate an investigation of the 1587:, the chairperson and members of the 551:was impeached in connection with the 524:of 1849. Unlike many other countries 7: 3843:from the original on 14 October 2022 3653:"Yeltsin impeachment hearings begin" 3623:from the original on 15 January 2021 3504:from the original on 17 January 2006 3478:from the original on 1 November 2020 3325:from the original on 3 January 2022. 2794:from the original on 23 January 2022 2764:from the original on 14 January 2022 2505:Maciel, Lourenço (8 February 2020). 2453:from the original on 14 January 2021 2258:from the original on 15 January 2021 2227:from the original on 13 January 2021 2193:from the original on 8 February 2021 2007:from the original on 14 January 2021 1581:Justices of the Constitutional Court 1483:allows the impeachment of a sitting 1196:adding citations to reliable sources 1160:Impeachment proceedings and attempts 1033:adding citations to reliable sources 796:must be held within 60 days and the 3879:from the original on 19 August 2018 3863:"Grand National Assembly of Turkey" 3427:"裁判官弾劾裁判所公式サイト / トップページ（音声ブラウザ対応）" 2552:from the original on 3 January 2022 2441:Hauss, Charles (29 December 2006). 1739:Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville 233:), and has analogues in the modern 4164:from the original on 18 March 2021 3903:"Commons Briefing papers CBP-7612" 3901:Simson Caird, Jack (6 June 2016). 3377:from the original on 25 March 2024 3347:from the original on 25 March 2024 3285:Ellyatt, Holly (31 January 2014). 3236:from the original on 25 March 2024 3128:(1st ed.). pp. 132–154. 3007:from the original on 25 March 2023 2651:from the original on 10 March 2021 2609:. Psp.cz. Retrieved on 2016-10-23. 2380:. Congressional Research Service. 2215:Lawler, David (19 December 2019). 1731:William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer 1563:According to the Article 65(1) of 1465:1993 Russian constitutional crisis 1377:on 15 December 2017. According to 690:constructive vote of no confidence 462:speaker of the Croatian Parliament 452:and is thereafter referred to the 265:William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer 47:(left) and South Korean president 25: 4195:from the original on 7 March 2021 4098:U.S. Government Publishing Office 4073:U.S. Government Publishing Office 3997:U.S. Government Publishing Office 3965:from the original on 25 June 2020 3754:from the original on 8 March 2021 3677:"Bid to Impeach Yeltsin Defeated" 3593:from the original on 1 April 2019 3583:"Peru's leader faces impeachment" 3563:from the original on 11 June 2011 3555:Chan-Robles Virtual Law Library. 3536:from the original on 29 June 2019 3266:from the original on 8 March 2021 3206:from the original on 8 March 2021 3194:Cowell, Alan (13 December 1991). 2682:from the original on 12 June 2017 2328:from the original on 29 July 2017 1717:Impeachment in the United Kingdom 1579:, heads of Executive Ministries, 1373:since 2016, was initiated by the 987:Constitutional Court of Lithuania 4304: 4290: 4183:Maggie Astor (13 January 2021). 3728:from the original on 8 June 2020 2109:"U.S. Senate: About Impeachment" 1794:Impeachment in the United States 1737:of 1376. The latest was that of 1704:, would be removed from office. 1585:the National Election Commission 1319: 1168: 1148:, it is then transmitted to the 1005: 692:, Article 67 of the Basic Law). 3773:Kim, Da-sol (8 December 2016). 3311:Horowitz, Jason (28 May 2018). 3232:(in Italian). 24 January 2022. 2973:(in Hungarian). 25 April 2011. 2628:. Psp.cz. Retrieved 2013-07-12. 2536:Andrew Jacobs (17 April 2016). 1492:or at least one-quarter of all 1110:Constitution of the Philippines 842:Comptroller and Auditor General 476:within three months. Also, the 2910:. 25 July 2018. Archived from 1305:Chief Justice Renato C. Corona 1096:Impeachment in the Philippines 764:disrespecting the constitution 444:The process of impeaching the 1: 4295:The dictionary definition of 4214:Gerhardt, Michael J. (2000). 2670:Rob Cameron (28 March 2013). 1848:U.S. House of Representatives 1812:Officers of the United States 1613:Constitutional Court of Korea 1589:Board of Audit and Inspection 1531:; and in 1994 to include the 1521:Supreme Court of South Africa 804:(parliament) with one house ( 656:can be impeached both by the 314:Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff 164:criminal offenses. Under the 3166:. 23 October 1976. p. 1 2997:"Fundamental Law of Hungary" 2511:Dilma Rousseff's Impeachment 2475:Obeng, J.Pashington (1996). 2035:Michael J. Gerhardt (2019). 1824:high Crimes and Misdemeanors 1559:Impeachment of Park Geun-hye 705:chief executive of Hong Kong 666:Federal Constitutional Court 654:federal president of Germany 611:for willfully violating the 489:Senate of the Czech Republic 378:Senate plenary deliberation: 243:(to prevent) and the modern 3397:"The Constitution of Japan" 2378:U.S. Constitution Annotated 2304:Erskine, Daniel H. (2008). 1565:Constitution of South Korea 1533:executive deputy presidents 1511:Impeachment in South Africa 1394:In Poland, referral to the 925: 913: 720:Central People's Government 549:Conservative People's Party 4353: 4154:"U.S. Senate: Impeachment" 4096:, chap. 27 (Impeachment). 4071:, chap. 27 (Impeachment). 3995:, chap. 27 (Impeachment). 3935:Hutchison, Gary D (2017). 1791: 1714: 1700:, who is convicted by the 1556: 1550: 1508: 1433: 1093: 1066: 926:Saibankan dangai saibansho 513: 487:The process starts in the 311: 166:United States Constitution 29: 4119:, Constitution Annotated. 3001:www.constituteproject.org 2728:"The Danish Constitution" 2572:"Constitution of Croatia" 1904:Impeachment investigation 1481:Constitution of Singapore 1328:This section needs to be 1150:Senate of the Philippines 1146:article(s) of impeachment 919: 907: 574: 421:step) and Vice President 4273:19 February 2021 at the 4134:11 February 2021 at the 4115:24 February 2021 at the 3401:Japanese Law Translation 2937:"Basic Law of Hong Kong" 1808:House of Representatives 1601:President of South Korea 1591:can be impeached by the 1451:In 1999, members of the 1282:to transmit the 56-page 1277:House of Representatives 1134:Civil Service Commission 993:to have been impeached. 730:Article 13 of Hungary's 707:can be impeached by the 607:can be impeached by the 399:Fernando Collor de Mello 382:audiatur et altera pars, 350:Extraordinary Committee: 303:In various jurisdictions 286:who violated any of the 170:House of Representatives 58:is a process by which a 4255:knowledgecenter.csg.org 4091:9 February 2021 at the 4066:9 February 2021 at the 3990:9 February 2021 at the 3956:10.1111/1750-0206.12295 3658:26 January 2021 at the 2574:. § 105. Archived from 2145:World Book Encyclopedia 1936:Encyclopedia Britannica 1802:In the federal system, 1780:in 1999, Chief Justice 1775:United States president 1656:Grand National Assembly 1284:articles of impeachment 1247:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 1234:was the first official 1130:Commission on Elections 969:to have been impeached. 965:was the first European 914:Saibankan sotsui iinkai 905:has two organs, namely 798:Presidential Commission 778:Constitution of Ireland 583:Parliamentary Ombudsman 213: 197:motion of no confidence 4020:Constitution Annotated 2754:"Tamilsagen 1986–1995" 2619:Ústava České republiky 2600:Ústava České republiky 2481:. Vol. 1. BRILL. 2187:UK Parliament Glossary 1853:Andrew Johnson in 1868 1789: 1448: 1362: 970: 405:and misappropriation. 336:Brazilian Constitution 252: 239: 229: 223: 102:in 63 countries. Most 52: 4014:18 March 2021 at the 3944:Parliamentary History 3134:10.4324/9781003255956 2286:3 August 2020 at the 2279:Ignacio Arana Araya, 1768: 1666:or any member of the 1583:, judges, members of 1517:Union of South Africa 1494:members of Parliament 1443: 1436:Impeachment in Russia 1424:a referendum was held 1420:A referendum was held 1369:, then the incumbent 1359:Pedro Pablo Kuczynski 1354: 1108:2 and 3, Article XI, 975:Republic of Lithuania 961:Lithuanian President 960: 899:Constitution of Japan 897:By Article 78 of the 794:presidential election 686:chancellor of Germany 204:Etymology and history 42: 4313:at Wikimedia Commons 4037:. 12 November 2009. 3811:Korea JoongAng Daily 3699:2 March 2021 at the 3619:. 22 December 2017. 3589:. 15 December 2017. 3262:. 11 February 2014. 2880:. 21 December 2021. 2820:. 13 December 2021. 2758:danmarkshistorien.dk 2624:24 July 2017 at the 2605:24 July 2017 at the 2443:"Vote of confidence" 1861:Donald Trump in 2019 1857:Bill Clinton in 1998 1782:William H. Rehnquist 1690:Constitutional Court 1628:Constitutional Court 1529:vice state president 1453:State Duma of Russia 1410:can be impeached by 1270:Merceditas Gutierrez 1240:2001 EDSA Revolution 1192:improve this section 1069:Impeachment (Norway) 1029:improve this section 844:and justices of the 782:President of Ireland 671:federal constitution 562:Court of Impeachment 534:Court of Impeachment 530:Constitutional Court 454:Constitutional Court 446:president of Croatia 364:Chamber of Deputies: 152:, violations of the 115:presidential systems 108:constitutional court 43:Brazilian president 3839:. 28 October 2021. 3813:. 4 February 2021. 3341:uk.movies.yahoo.com 2947:on 30 December 2014 2854:on 14 December 2021 2790:. 14 January 2021. 2294:(13 December 2019). 1993:Michael J. Gerhardt 1880:state constitutions 1650:, according to the 1138:Commission on Audit 939:hereditary monarchy 835:Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh 709:Legislative Council 621:French Constitution 605:president of France 522:Danish Constitution 474:Chamber of Deputies 458:Republic of Croatia 414:an impeachment case 410:Chamber of Deputies 328:Chamber of Deputies 324:president of Brazil 32:Witness impeachment 4189:The New York Times 3529:The New York Times 3319:The New York Times 3200:The New York Times 3039:on 23 January 2017 2545:The New York Times 1806:provides that the 1790: 1747:confidence motions 1467:and launching the 1449: 1363: 971: 883:Giorgio Napolitano 866:President of Italy 416:against President 182:political question 127:bicameral assembly 53: 4309:Media related to 3469:hrlibrary.umn.edu 3407:on 5 January 2021 2488:978-90-04-10631-4 2163:cite encyclopedia 2070:Gerhardt, Michael 1972:978-0-308-10353-5 1888:state legislature 1884:state governments 1771:impeachment trial 1743:select committees 1620:Republic of Korea 1609:National Assembly 1605:National Assembly 1597:National Assembly 1593:National Assembly 1575:, members of the 1469:First Chechen War 1371:President of Peru 1349: 1348: 1228: 1227: 1220: 1124:, members of the 1065: 1064: 1057: 887:Sergio Mattarella 879:Francesco Cossiga 625:National Assembly 609:French Parliament 538:Danish Parliament 135:impeachment trial 16:(Redirected from 4344: 4308: 4294: 4278: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4247: 4241: 4240: 4221: 4211: 4205: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4180: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4150: 4139: 4126: 4120: 4107: 4101: 4082: 4076: 4057: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4029: 4023: 4006: 4000: 3981: 3975: 3974: 3972: 3970: 3964: 3941: 3932: 3926: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3910:House of Commons 3907: 3898: 3889: 3888: 3886: 3884: 3878: 3867: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3780:The Korea Herald 3770: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3744: 3738: 3737: 3735: 3733: 3714: 3708: 3690: 3684: 3673: 3667: 3650: 3644: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3609: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3579: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3552: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3532:. 7 April 2004. 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3494: 3488: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3477: 3466: 3458: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3442: 3431:www.dangai.go.jp 3423: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3403:. Archived from 3393: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3316: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3222: 3216: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3191: 3185: 3182: 3176: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3161: 3154: 3148: 3147: 3121: 3112: 3109: 3103: 3100: 3094: 3091: 3085: 3082: 3076: 3073: 3067: 3064: 3058: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3038: 3032:. Archived from 3031: 3023: 3017: 3016: 3014: 3012: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2933: 2924: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2900: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2870: 2864: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2850:. Archived from 2840: 2834: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2730:. 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Under Sections 1060: 1053: 1049: 1046: 1040: 1009: 1001: 943:Sovereign Prince 928: 922: 921: 916: 910: 909: 579: 578: 528:does not have a 434: 433: 429: 255: 242: 232: 226: 216: 158:political crimes 60:legislative body 21: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4342: 4341: 4317: 4316: 4287: 4282: 4281: 4275:Wayback Machine 4266: 4262: 4249: 4248: 4244: 4234: 4213: 4212: 4208: 4198: 4196: 4182: 4181: 4177: 4167: 4165: 4152: 4151: 4142: 4136:Wayback Machine 4127: 4123: 4117:Wayback Machine 4108: 4104: 4093:Wayback Machine 4083: 4079: 4068:Wayback Machine 4058: 4054: 4044: 4042: 4031: 4030: 4026: 4022:, Congress.gov. 4016:Wayback Machine 4007: 4003: 3992:Wayback Machine 3982: 3978: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3939: 3934: 3933: 3929: 3919: 3917: 3905: 3900: 3899: 3892: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3856: 3846: 3844: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3820: 3818: 3805: 3804: 3800: 3790: 3788: 3772: 3771: 3767: 3757: 3755: 3746: 3745: 3741: 3731: 3729: 3722:/sso.agc.gov.sg 3716: 3715: 3711: 3701:Wayback Machine 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2402: 2400: 2396: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2374:"Impeachment" 2369: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2356: 2350: 2343: 2340: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2300: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2282: 2276: 2273: 2269: 2257: 2253: 2252:Boston Review 2249: 2242: 2239: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2211: 2208: 2204: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2183:"Impeachment" 2178: 2175: 2170: 2164: 2156: 2154:0-7166-0105-2 2150: 2146: 2139: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2104: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2050: 2048:9780226554976 2044: 2040: 2039: 2031: 2029: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1988: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1968: 1964: 1957: 1954: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1927: 1925: 1921: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1865:again in 2021 1862: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1799: 1795: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1761:United States 1760: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 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Either the 622: 618: 617:national laws 614: 610: 606: 602: 594: 592: 589: 584: 577: 571: 566: 563: 558: 554: 550: 545: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 517: 509: 507: 505: 501: 496: 494: 490: 485: 483: 479: 475: 467: 465: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 439: 437: 424: 419: 415: 411: 408:In 2016, the 406: 404: 400: 396: 393: 390: 389:Senate trial: 386: 383: 379: 375: 372: 368: 365: 361: 358: 354: 351: 347: 344: 340: 337: 333: 329: 325: 319: 315: 307: 302: 300: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 273:Massachusetts 270: 266: 262: 257: 256:(to attack). 254: 249: 246: 241: 236: 231: 225: 220: 215: 211: 203: 201: 198: 193: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 142:supermajority 138: 136: 132: 128: 124: 118: 116: 111: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 88: 84: 83:Latin America 80: 75: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 50: 49:Park Geun-hye 46: 41: 37: 33: 19: 4311:Impeachments 4297: 4263: 4254: 4245: 4237: 4217: 4209: 4197:. Retrieved 4188: 4178: 4168:19 September 4166:. 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