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Lymphadenopathy

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has proven to be helpful in identifying occult primary carcinomas of the head and neck, especially when applied as a guiding tool prior to panendoscopy, and may induce treatment related clinical decisions in up to 60% of cases.
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In children, a short axis of 8 mm can be used. However, inguinal lymph nodes of up to 15 mm and cervical lymph nodes of up to 20 mm are generally normal in children up to age 8–12.
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By size, where lymphadenopathy in adults is often defined as a short axis of one or more lymph nodes is greater than 10mm. However, there is regional variation as detailed in this table:
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Sharma, Amita; Fidias, Panos; Hayman, L. Anne; Loomis, Susanne L.; Taber, Katherine H.; Aquino, Suzanne L. (2004). "Patterns of Lymphadenopathy in Thoracic Malignancies".
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can be defined as solid nodes measuring more than 15 mm without fatty hilum. Axillary lymph nodes may be normal up to 30 mm if consisting largely of fat.
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or enlarged lymph nodes. In clinical practice, the distinction between lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis is rarely made and the words are usually treated as
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of a typical normal lymph node: smooth, gently lobulated oval with a hypoechoic cortex measuring less than 3 mm in thickness with a central echogenic hilum.
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are never pure. Thus, reactive follicular hyperplasia can have a component of paracortical hyperplasia. However, this distinction is important for the
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Dorfman, R E; Alpern, M B; Gross, B H; Sandler, M A (1991). "Upper abdominal lymph nodes: criteria for normal size determined with CT".
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Schmidt Júnior, Aurelino Fernandes; Rodrigues, Olavo Ribeiro; Matheus, Roberto Storte; Kim, Jorge Du Ub; Jatene, Fábio Biscegli (2007).
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Kennedy, PG (February 2013). "Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)".
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Koh, H; Kamiishi, N; Chiyotani, A; Takahashi, H; Sudo, A; Masuda, Y; Shinden, S; Tajima, A; Kimura, Y; Kimura, T (April 2012).
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Noguchi, S; Yatera, K; Shimajiri, S; Inoue, N; Nagata, S; Nishida, C; Kawanami, T; Ishimoto, H; Sasaguri, Y; Mukae, H (2012).
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Lymph node enlargement is recognized as a common sign of infectious, autoimmune, or malignant disease. Examples may include:
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Size, where lymphadenopathy in adults is often defined as a short axis of one or more lymph nodes is greater than 10mm.
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Komagamine, T; Nagashima, T; Kojima, M; Kokubun, N; Nakamura, T; Hashimoto, K; Kimoto, K; Hirata, K (September 2012).
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that shows hyperaemic blood flow in the hilum and central cortex and/or abnormal (non-hilar cortical) blood flow.
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is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as "buboes." The buboes often become
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architecture, as well as intranodal necrosis. Soft tissue edema and nodal matting on B-mode imaging suggests
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Balm, A. J. M.; van Velthuysen, M. L. F.; Hoebers, F. J. P.; Vogel, W. V.; van den Brekel, M. W. M. (2010).
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Torabi M, Aquino SL, Harisinghani MG (September 2004). "Current concepts in lymph node imaging".
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Kim, TU; Kim, S; Lee, JW; Lee, NK; Jeon, UB; Ha, HG; Shin, DH (September–October 2012).
4086: 3965: 3868: 3698: 3564: 3506: 3491: 3351: 3282: 2843: 2226: 2193: 2164: 2131: 2100: 2065: 2035: 2002: 1934: 1909: 1844: 1817: 1756: 1731: 1632: 1607: 1553: 1388: 1363: 1282: 1257: 835: 690: 493: 459: 291: 2704: 2696: 2692: 1318: 4101: 4046: 3863: 3759: 3715: 3400: 3199: 3157: 2915: 1975: 1429: 1412: 1029:. Still, an increasing size and persistence over time are more indicative of cancer. 668: 656: 417: 325: 108: 2700: 2480: 2270: 2253: 4051: 3977: 3873: 3645: 3536: 3516: 3321: 3235: 2984: 2898: 2761: 2440: 1334: 1022: 803: 552:: It is seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies. 358: 205: 190: 170: 125: 104: 822: 2715: 1453: 4056: 3764: 3658: 3624: 3614: 3446: 3256: 3226: 2888: 2745: 2209: 2147: 1454:"Aseptic mesenteric lymph node abscesses. In search of an answer. A new entity?" 914: 907: 637: 477: 376: 213: 116: 93: 2726: 2629: 1747: 1673: 1657:"Clinical and laboratory prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia" 1656: 1623: 1487: 1273: 1233: 1216: 3944: 3939: 3267: 3217: 3190: 2994: 2925: 2677: 2577: 2018: 1925: 1794: 1576: 1379: 1139: 814: 791: 660: 659:
can assess the vascular pattern. B-mode imaging features that can distinguish
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Infectious causes of lymphadenopathy may include bacterial infections such as
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Mesenteric lymphadenitis after viral systemic infection (particularly in the
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Bazemore AW, Smucker DR (December 2002). "Lymphadenopathy and malignancy".
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lymphadenopathy is a common biopsy finding, and may often be confused with
169:, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. Lymphadenopathy of an 2496: 2082: 1099:"Current diagnosis and management of peripheral tuberculous lymphadenitis" 4019: 3970: 3833: 3828: 3677: 3166: 3141: 3069: 2871: 2416: 1885: 1452:
Bratucu, E; Lazar, A; Marincaş, M; Daha, C; Zurac, S (March–April 2013).
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Cordova, LA; Torres, J (19 September 2022). "Paracoccidioidomycosis".
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Sweeney, DA; Hicks, CW; Cui, X; Li, Y; Eichacker, PQ (December 2011).
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Quan, D (October 2012). "North American poisonous bites and stings".
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Marques, SĂ­lvio Alencar (1 November 2012). "Paracoccidioidomycosis".
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Lymphadenopathy of more than 1.5–2 cm increases the risk of
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Inflammatory localized lymphadenopathy at right mandibular angle
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is distinguished from malignant types which mainly refer to
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High Yield Imaging Gastrointestinal HIGH YIELD in Radiology
536:: This is the most common type of reactive lymphadenopathy. 1262:
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
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Fontanilla, JM; Barnes, A; Von Reyn, CF (September 2011).
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are easy to diagnose, but some cases may be confused with
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Zhang, H; Wang, R; Wang, H; Xu, Y; Chen, J (June 2012).
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10 mm for ovoid lymph nodes, 8 mm for rounded
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and may be characterized by a marked enlargement of the
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and post-vaccination swelling to serious ones such as
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of axillary lymphadenopathy in a 57-year-old man with
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Melikoglu, MA; Melikoglu, M (October–December 2008).
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Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
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Ultrasonography of a suspected malignant lymph node:
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Most cases of 474:progressive transformation of germinal centers 304:is an acute viral infection usually caused by 3085: 2789: 2307: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2297: 8: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2003:"A practical approach to imaging the axilla" 667:include size, shape, calcification, loss of 204:Lymphadenopathy is a common and nonspecific 2366: 2364: 2362: 1873:The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 455:progression, preceding a diagnosis of AIDS. 357:in the appendix) can commonly present like 4077:Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema 3496: 3487: 3363:Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex 3287: 3122: 3113: 3092: 3078: 3070: 2796: 2782: 2774: 2643: 2070:International Journal of Surgical Oncology 925:Superior mediastinum and high paratracheal 574:Nodal deposition of interstitial substance 340:Plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease 38: 21: 16:Abnormal change in size of the lymph nodes 3172:Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection 2269: 2225: 2163: 2099: 2081: 2034: 1974: 1933: 1884: 1843: 1833: 1755: 1672: 1631: 1428: 1387: 1281: 1232: 1186: 1138:Klotz, SA; Ianas, V; Elliott, SP (2011). 1114: 2546:Richard M. Gore, Marc S. Levine (2010). 2356:Last updated: Last updated: Feb 16, 2017 1348: 1346: 1344: 833: 1730:Lederman, MM; Margolis, L (June 2008). 1055: 693:of malignant cervical lymphadenopathy. 440:may have a generalized lymphadenopathy. 383:, as well as fungal infections such as 332:, gives a generalized lymphadenopathy ( 2877:Asplenia with cardiovascular anomalies 1655:Sagatys, EM; Zhang, L (January 2011). 746:Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy 706:Lymphadenopathy may be classified by: 655:depicts lymph node morphology, whilst 3396:Rapid growing mycobacterium infection 2949:Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma 2521:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2377:Image Principles, Neck, and the Brain 193:. Infectious lymphadenitis affecting 7: 3575:Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis 3137:Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome 2049:Creative Commons attribution license 1732:"The lymph node in HIV pathogenesis" 4025:Chronic undermining burrowing ulcer 1486:Leung, A; Sigalet, DL (June 2003). 1461:Chirurgia (Bucarest, Romania: 1990) 1914:Pediatric Clinics of North America 1554:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.006 1488:"Acute Abdominal Pain in Children" 900:Lateral retropharyngeal: 5 mm 673:tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis 14: 3983:Superficial pustular folliculitis 3580:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis 1519:StatPearls . Treasure Island (FL) 513:. It may be separated into major 500:Benign (reactive) lymphadenopathy 334:Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenopathy 103:Infections; autoimmune diseases; 3391:Primary inoculation tuberculosis 3052:Postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma 3020:Lymphedema–distichiasis syndrome 2258:Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 1976:10.2169/internalmedicine.51.8600 1963:Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 1430:10.2169/internalmedicine.51.6298 1417:Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 247:lymphadenopathies of testicular 228:. Lymphadenopathy is frequently 3889:Gram-negative toe web infection 3465:Group JK corynebacterium sepsis 2639:on humpath.com (Digital slides) 2481:10.1148/radiology.180.2.2068292 2340:"Assessment of lymphadenopathy" 2271:10.1590/S1806-37132007000200006 1215:Weiss, LM; O'Malley, D (2013). 933:Low paratracheal and subcarinal 876:Generally (non-retropharyngeal) 770:Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy 683:Fine-needle aspiration cytology 632:), it is routine to perform a 523:reactive follicular hyperplasia 212:(from minor causes such as the 173:type (the most common type) is 3630:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection 3452:Cutaneous diphtheria infection 3406:Tuberculosis cutis orificialis 3317:Borderline tuberculoid leprosy 3307:Borderline lepromatous leprosy 2965:Template:Respiratory pathology 1171:"Plague into the 21st century" 1021:as the cause rather than only 838:of lymph node sizes in adults 1: 3654:Primary gonococcal dermatitis 3600:Flinders Island spotted fever 2573:"Generalised Lymphadenopathy" 1606:Colon, NC; Chung, DH (2011). 1319:10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70296-X 821:, a type of lymphadenopathy. 819:dermatopathic lymphadenopathy 777:Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy 570:(Connective tissue framework) 290:The most distinctive sign of 4042:Blistering distal dactylitis 3570:Rocky Mountain spotted fever 3458:Arcanobacterium haemolyticum 3411:Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis 3195:Chronic recurrent erysipelas 2550:. Elsevier Health Sciences. 1705:Acta Reumatologia Portuguesa 1175:Clinical Infectious Diseases 1103:Clinical Infectious Diseases 1085:Dorland's Medical Dictionary 1068:Dorland's Medical Dictionary 612:- Absence of the fatty hilum 449:human immunodeficiency virus 434:systemic lupus erythematosus 422:chronic lymphocytic leukemia 4062:Blastomycosis-like pyoderma 3683:Chromobacteriosis infection 3595:Mediterranean spotted fever 3047:Postinflammatory lymphedema 2939:Generalized lymphadenopathy 2807:: organ and vessel diseases 2589:Last checked: 24 March 2014 2314:Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2210:10.1102/1470-7330.2009.0017 2148:10.1102/1470-7330.2008.0006 1575:Glass, C (September 2008). 1368:Korean Journal of Radiology 885:Jugulodigastric lymph nodes 783: 765:Mediastinal lymphadenopathy 737:Generalized lymphadenopathy 687:sensitivity and specificity 544:Interfollicular hyperplasia 4134: 4082:Tick-borne lymphadenopathy 3884:Gram-negative folliculitis 1748:10.1016/j.smim.2008.06.001 1674:10.1177/107327481201900103 1624:10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011 1274:10.1164/rccm.201102-0209CI 1234:10.1038/modpathol.2012.176 1217:"Benign lymphadenopathies" 562:granulomatous inflammation 279:), or chronic infections ( 3386:Papulonecrotic tuberculid 3371:Mycobacterium haemophilum 2601:American Family Physician 2517:Wolfgang Dähnert (2011). 2019:10.1007/s13244-014-0367-8 1926:10.1016/j.pcl.2012.03.013 1795:10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.010 1581:American Family Physician 1492:American Family Physician 1380:10.3348/kjr.2012.13.5.658 1227:(Supplement 1): S88–S96. 1144:American Family Physician 940: 906: 868: 717:Localized lymphadenopathy 281:tuberculous lymphadenitis 46: 37: 3879:Lymphogranuloma venereum 3585:Flea-borne spotted fever 3558:Rickettsia aeschlimannii 3552:American tick bite fever 3262:Erysipeloid of Rosenbach 3177:Streptococcal intertrigo 1908:Weiss, PF (April 2012). 1835:10.1186/1471-2377-12-112 626:cervical lymphadenopathy 556:Nodal extensive necrosis 540:Paracortical hyperplasia 302:Infectious mononucleosis 208:. Common causes include 4010:Trichomycosis axillaris 3547:African tick bite fever 3522:North Asian tick typhus 3442:Cutaneous actinomycosis 2519:Radiology Review Manual 1044:Lymphovascular invasion 1003:Lymphadenopathy of the 994:Lower paraaortic region 970:Upper paraaortic region 636:including the use of a 618:Doppler ultrasonography 600:Medical ultrasonography 321:African trypanosomiasis 195:lymph nodes in the neck 3722:Haemophilus influenzae 3666:Pasteurella hemolytica 3590:Japanese spotted fever 3542:Bacillary angiomatosis 3532:Flying squirrel typhus 3527:Queensland tick typhus 3416:Tuberculous cellulitis 3379:Mycobacterium kansasii 3101:Bacterial skin disease 1910:"Pediatric vasculitis" 1736:Seminars in Immunology 1612:Advances in Pediatrics 1542:Clinics in Dermatology 962:Gastrohepatic ligament 826: 807: 784:Benign lymphadenopathy 730: 621: 603: 585:differential diagnosis 581:morphological patterns 534:Follicular hyperplasia 519:differential diagnosis 385:paracoccidioidomycosis 260: 185:. Inflammation of the 4037:Elephantiasis nostras 4015:Necrotizing fasciitis 3928:Hospital furunculosis 3610:Brill–Zinsser disease 3241:Dermatitis gangrenosa 3005:Congenital lymphedema 2007:Insights into Imaging 1782:Critical Care Clinics 1140:"Cat-scratch Disease" 1019:granulomatous disease 813: 806: 759:Hilar lymphadenopathy 728: 609: 598: 486:Rosai-Dorfman disease 315:It is also a sign of 298:and may even rupture. 243: 4072:Chronic lymphangitis 3741:Hot tub folliculitis 3730:Pseudomonal pyoderma 3357:Miliary tuberculosis 3347:Lichen scrofulosorum 3147:Toxic shock syndrome 3042:Factitial lymphedema 3032:Secondary lymphedema 2417:10.1148/rg.242035075 2130:Ahuja, A.T. (2008). 1886:10.1620/tjem.227.231 1005:axillary lymph nodes 517:, each with its own 515:morphologic patterns 438:rheumatoid arthritis 403:non-Hodgkin lymphoma 310:cervical lymph nodes 3961:Acute lymphadenitis 3954:Perianal cellulitis 3949:Pyogenic paronychia 3859:Chlamydia infection 3775:Granuloma inguinale 3749:Green nail syndrome 3745:Ecthyma gangrenosum 3620:Cat-scratch disease 3426:Tuberculoid leprosy 3337:Lepromatous leprosy 3184:Streptococcus iniae 2944:Castleman's disease 2083:10.1155/2010/581540 1258:"Anthrax infection" 889:11mm or 15 mm 839: 550:Sinus histiocytosis 527:follicular lymphoma 458:Bites from certain 443:Immunocompromised: 369:cat scratch disease 285:cat-scratch disease 257:Computed tomography 232:and self-limiting. 222:autoimmune diseases 128:; urinary frequency 4005:Pitted keratolysis 3916:Periapical abscess 3327:Erythema induratum 3312:Borderline leprosy 3302:Aquarium granuloma 3037:Bullous lymphedema 3010:Lymphedema praecox 3000:Primary lymphedema 2911:Splenic infarction 2737:External resources 2635:2012-06-02 at the 2375:Luca Saba (2016). 1169:Butler, T (2009). 1116:10.1093/cid/cir454 834: 827: 808: 731: 634:throat examination 622: 604: 511:malignant lymphoma 342:- associated with 306:Epstein-Barr virus 261: 66:Infectious disease 4095: 4094: 4030:Fournier gangrene 3897: 3896: 3796: 3795: 3737:hot-foot syndrome 3710:Vibrio vulnificus 3477: 3476: 3473: 3472: 3421:Tuberculous gumma 3277: 3276: 3067: 3066: 2977:Lymphatic vessels 2837:DiGeorge syndrome 2805:Lymphatic disease 2771: 2770: 2345:BMJ Best Practice 1969:(22): 3163–3167. 1498:(11): 2321–2327. 1423:(12): 1537–1542. 1268:(12): 1333–1341. 1001: 1000: 946:Retrocrural space 755:By localization: 677:radiation therapy 330:parasitic disease 317:cutaneous anthrax 187:lymphatic vessels 152: 151: 134:Diagnostic method 19:Medical condition 4125: 4067:Bullous impetigo 3988:Sycosis vulgaris 3802:Campylobacterota 3751: 3497: 3488: 3288: 3123: 3114: 3094: 3087: 3080: 3071: 3059:Waldmann disease 3025:Milroy's disease 3015:Lymphedema tarda 2990:Lymphangiectasia 2904:Banti's syndrome 2894:Wandering spleen 2884:Accessory spleen 2854:Thymic carcinoma 2798: 2791: 2784: 2775: 2644: 2617: 2616: 2596: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2585: 2571:Laurence Knott. 2568: 2562: 2561: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2510: 2501: 2500: 2464: 2445: 2444: 2400: 2391: 2390: 2368: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2352: 2336: 2330: 2329: 2309: 2292: 2291: 2273: 2249: 2240: 2239: 2229: 2189: 2178: 2177: 2167: 2127: 2114: 2113: 2103: 2085: 2061: 2050: 2048: 2038: 1998: 1989: 1988: 1978: 1954: 1948: 1947: 1937: 1905: 1899: 1898: 1888: 1864: 1858: 1857: 1847: 1837: 1813: 1807: 1806: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1759: 1727: 1721: 1720: 1702: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1676: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1635: 1603: 1597: 1596: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1514: 1508: 1507: 1483: 1477: 1476: 1458: 1449: 1443: 1442: 1432: 1408: 1402: 1401: 1391: 1359: 1353: 1350: 1339: 1338: 1307:Lancet Neurology 1302: 1296: 1295: 1285: 1253: 1247: 1246: 1236: 1221:Modern Pathology 1212: 1201: 1200: 1190: 1166: 1160: 1159: 1135: 1129: 1128: 1118: 1094: 1088: 1077: 1071: 1060: 978:Portacaval space 941:Upper abdominal 854:10 – 20 mm 840: 566:Nodal extensive 508: 507: 490:Kawasaki disease 399:Hodgkin lymphoma 267:Reactive: acute 197:is often called 88:; night sweats; 53:multiple myeloma 42: 22: 4133: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4123: 4122: 4098: 4097: 4096: 4091: 3903: 3893: 3817: 3792: 3728: 3687: 3673:Meningococcemia 3634: 3605:Verruga peruana 3512:Epidemic typhus 3469: 3430: 3332:Histoid leprosy 3293: 3273: 3245: 3220: 3211:Corynebacterium 3204: 3151: 3103: 3098: 3068: 3063: 2971: 2954:Kikuchi disease 2934:Lymphadenopathy 2920: 2858: 2808: 2802: 2772: 2767: 2766: 2732: 2731: 2655: 2637:Wayback Machine 2626: 2621: 2620: 2607:(11): 2103–10. 2598: 2597: 2593: 2583: 2581: 2570: 2569: 2565: 2558: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2529: 2516: 2511: 2504: 2466: 2465: 2448: 2402: 2401: 2394: 2387: 2374: 2369: 2360: 2350: 2348: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2311: 2310: 2295: 2251: 2250: 2243: 2194:"Nodal staging" 2191: 2190: 2181: 2129: 2128: 2117: 2063: 2062: 2053: 2000: 1999: 1992: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1866: 1865: 1861: 1815: 1814: 1810: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1729: 1728: 1724: 1700: 1695: 1694: 1690: 1654: 1653: 1649: 1608:"Neuroblastoma" 1605: 1604: 1600: 1574: 1573: 1569: 1539: 1538: 1534: 1516: 1515: 1511: 1485: 1484: 1480: 1456: 1451: 1450: 1446: 1410: 1409: 1405: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1351: 1342: 1304: 1303: 1299: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1214: 1213: 1204: 1168: 1167: 1163: 1137: 1136: 1132: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1078: 1074: 1063:"lymphadenitis" 1061: 1057: 1052: 1035: 894:Retropharyngeal 801: 782:By malignancy: 704: 615: 613: 611: 593: 505: 504: 502: 470:Kikuchi disease 460:venomous snakes 245:Retroperitoneal 238: 155:Lymphadenopathy 25:Lymphadenopathy 20: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4131: 4129: 4121: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4100: 4099: 4093: 4092: 4090: 4089: 4087:Tropical ulcer 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4033: 4032: 4027: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3991: 3990: 3985: 3974: 3973: 3968: 3966:Pilonidal cyst 3963: 3958: 3957: 3956: 3951: 3937: 3932: 3931: 3930: 3920: 3919: 3918: 3907: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3895: 3894: 3892: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3869:Rat-bite fever 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3825: 3823: 3819: 3818: 3816: 3815: 3806: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3790: 3782: 3777: 3772: 3767: 3762: 3757: 3752: 3726: 3718: 3713: 3706: 3701: 3699:Pasteurellosis 3695: 3693: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3670: 3661: 3656: 3642: 3640: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3565:Rickettsialpox 3562: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3507:Endemic typhus 3503: 3501: 3494: 3492:Pseudomonadota 3485: 3479: 3478: 3475: 3474: 3471: 3470: 3468: 3467: 3462: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3431: 3429: 3428: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3375: 3367: 3359: 3354: 3352:Lupus vulgaris 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3298: 3296: 3292:Mycobacterium- 3285: 3283:Actinomycetota 3279: 3278: 3275: 3274: 3272: 3271: 3264: 3259: 3253: 3251: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3243: 3238: 3232: 3230: 3222: 3221: 3216: 3214: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3202: 3197: 3188: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3163: 3161: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3133: 3131: 3128:Staphylococcus 3120: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3099: 3097: 3096: 3089: 3082: 3074: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3061: 3056: 3055: 3054: 3049: 3044: 3039: 3029: 3028: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 2997: 2992: 2987: 2981: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2969: 2968: 2967: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2930: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2907: 2906: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2880: 2879: 2868: 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2844:Ectopic thymus 2841: 2840: 2839: 2829: 2824: 2818: 2816: 2810: 2809: 2803: 2801: 2800: 2793: 2786: 2778: 2769: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2753: 2741: 2740: 2738: 2734: 2733: 2730: 2729: 2718: 2707: 2680: 2656: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2647:Classification 2641: 2640: 2625: 2624:External links 2622: 2619: 2618: 2591: 2563: 2556: 2534: 2527: 2502: 2475:(2): 319–322. 2446: 2411:(2): 419–434. 2392: 2385: 2358: 2331: 2320:(9): 1509–18. 2293: 2264:(2): 134–140. 2241: 2204:(1): 104–111. 2198:Cancer Imaging 2179: 2136:Cancer Imaging 2115: 2051: 2013:(2): 217–229. 1990: 1949: 1920:(2): 407–423. 1900: 1879:(3): 231–235. 1859: 1808: 1789:(4): 633–659. 1771: 1742:(3): 187–195. 1722: 1711:(4): 402–406. 1688: 1661:Cancer Control 1647: 1618:(1): 297–311. 1598: 1587:(5): 615–622. 1567: 1548:(6): 610–615. 1532: 1509: 1478: 1467:(2): 152–160. 1444: 1403: 1374:(5): 658–663. 1354: 1340: 1313:(2): 186–194. 1297: 1248: 1202: 1188:10.1086/604718 1181:(5): 736–742. 1161: 1150:(2): 152–155. 1130: 1109:(6): 555–562. 1089: 1080:"lymphangitis" 1072: 1054: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1041: 1034: 1031: 999: 998: 995: 991: 990: 987: 983: 982: 979: 975: 974: 971: 967: 966: 963: 959: 958: 955: 951: 950: 947: 943: 942: 938: 937: 934: 930: 929: 926: 922: 921: 918: 911: 910: 904: 903: 902: 901: 895: 891: 890: 887: 881: 880: 877: 873: 872: 866: 865: 862: 856: 855: 852: 848: 847: 844: 832: 831: 800: 797: 796: 795: 790:or lymph node 780: 774: 773: 772: 767: 762: 753: 752: 751: 750: 749: 723: 722: 721: 720: 711: 703: 702:Classification 700: 691:histopathology 653:B-mode imaging 592: 589: 587:of the cause. 577: 576: 571: 564: 558: 553: 547: 537: 501: 498: 497: 496: 494:Kimura disease 466: 456: 441: 427: 426: 425: 414:Virchow's node 406: 365: 364: 363: 362: 351: 346:infection and 337: 323: 313: 299: 292:bubonic plague 237: 234: 150: 149: 136: 130: 129: 119: 113: 112: 101: 97: 96: 79: 73: 72: 63: 57: 56: 44: 43: 35: 34: 31: 27: 26: 18: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4130: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4113:Inflammations 4111: 4109: 4108:Cytopathology 4106: 4105: 4103: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4047:Botryomycosis 4045: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3946: 3943: 3942: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3929: 3926: 3925: 3924: 3923:Boil/furuncle 3921: 3917: 3914: 3913: 3912: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3900: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3864:Leptospirosis 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3820: 3814: 3812: 3808: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3799: 3789: 3787: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3760:Salmonellosis 3758: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3736: 3731: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3717: 3716:Rhinoscleroma 3714: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3690: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3667: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3637: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3559: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3504: 3502: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3480: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3433: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3401:Scrofuloderma 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3280: 3270: 3269: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3228: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3213: 3212: 3207: 3201: 3200:Scarlet fever 3198: 3196: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3159: 3158:Streptococcus 3154: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3129: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3095: 3090: 3088: 3083: 3081: 3076: 3075: 3072: 3060: 3057: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3030: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3002: 3001: 2998: 2996: 2993: 2991: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2966: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2923: 2917: 2916:Splenic tumor 2914: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2901: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2873: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2838: 2835: 2834: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2806: 2799: 2794: 2792: 2787: 2785: 2780: 2779: 2776: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2724: 2723: 2719: 2717: 2713: 2712: 2708: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2657: 2654: 2649: 2645: 2638: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2595: 2592: 2580: 2579: 2574: 2567: 2564: 2559: 2557:9781455711444 2553: 2549: 2543: 2538: 2535: 2530: 2528:9781609139438 2524: 2520: 2514: 2509: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2453: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2405:RadioGraphics 2399: 2397: 2393: 2388: 2386:9781482216202 2382: 2379:. CRC Press. 2378: 2372: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2359: 2347: 2346: 2341: 2335: 2332: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2294: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2248: 2246: 2242: 2237: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2188: 2186: 2184: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2116: 2111: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2052: 2046: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1953: 1950: 1945: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1863: 1860: 1855: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1822:BMC Neurology 1819: 1812: 1809: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1783: 1775: 1772: 1767: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1726: 1723: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1699: 1692: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1651: 1648: 1643: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1602: 1599: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1571: 1568: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1536: 1533: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1513: 1510: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1482: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1455: 1448: 1445: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1407: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1358: 1355: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1301: 1298: 1293: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1252: 1249: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1211: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1165: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1134: 1131: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1056: 1049: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1011: 1008: 1006: 996: 993: 992: 988: 986:Porta hepatis 985: 984: 980: 977: 976: 972: 969: 968: 964: 961: 960: 956: 953: 952: 948: 945: 944: 939: 935: 932: 931: 927: 924: 923: 919: 916: 913: 912: 909: 905: 899: 898: 896: 893: 892: 888: 886: 883: 882: 878: 875: 874: 871: 867: 863: 861: 858: 857: 853: 850: 849: 845: 842: 841: 837: 829: 828: 824: 823:H&E stain 820: 816: 812: 805: 798: 793: 789: 785: 781: 778: 775: 771: 768: 766: 763: 760: 757: 756: 754: 747: 744: 743: 742: 738: 735: 734: 733: 732: 727: 718: 715: 714: 712: 709: 708: 707: 701: 699: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 657:power Doppler 654: 650: 645: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 619: 608: 601: 597: 590: 588: 586: 582: 575: 572: 569: 565: 563: 559: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 541: 538: 535: 532: 531: 530: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 465: 461: 457: 454: 450: 446: 442: 439: 435: 431: 428: 423: 419: 418:neuroblastoma 415: 411: 407: 404: 400: 396: 395: 393: 390: 389: 388: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 360: 356: 352: 349: 345: 341: 338: 335: 331: 327: 326:Toxoplasmosis 324: 322: 318: 314: 311: 307: 303: 300: 297: 293: 289: 288: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 265: 264: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 235: 233: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 202: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 177:, producing 176: 175:lymphadenitis 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 148: 144: 140: 137: 135: 131: 127: 123: 120: 118: 114: 110: 109:histiocytoses 106: 102: 98: 95: 91: 87: 83: 80: 78: 74: 71: 67: 64: 62: 58: 54: 50: 45: 41: 36: 32: 28: 23: 4052:Malakoplakia 3978:Folliculitis 3960: 3902:Unspecified 3874:Lyme disease 3811:Helicobacter 3810: 3785: 3734: 3721: 3708: 3665: 3646:Gonococcemia 3557: 3537:Trench fever 3517:Scrub typhus 3457: 3378: 3370: 3362: 3322:Buruli ulcer 3291: 3266: 3236:Gas gangrene 3225: 3209: 3183: 3156: 3126: 2985:Lymphangitis 2933: 2899:Splenomegaly 2755: 2744: 2720: 2709: 2682: 2659: 2604: 2600: 2594: 2582:. Retrieved 2576: 2566: 2547: 2537: 2518: 2472: 2468: 2408: 2404: 2376: 2349:. Retrieved 2343: 2334: 2317: 2313: 2261: 2257: 2201: 2197: 2142:(1): 48–56. 2139: 2135: 2073: 2069: 2010: 2006: 1966: 1962: 1952: 1917: 1913: 1903: 1876: 1872: 1862: 1825: 1821: 1811: 1786: 1780: 1774: 1739: 1735: 1725: 1708: 1704: 1691: 1667:(1): 18–25. 1664: 1660: 1650: 1615: 1611: 1601: 1584: 1580: 1570: 1545: 1541: 1535: 1518: 1512: 1495: 1491: 1481: 1464: 1460: 1447: 1420: 1416: 1406: 1371: 1367: 1357: 1310: 1306: 1300: 1265: 1261: 1251: 1224: 1220: 1178: 1174: 1164: 1147: 1143: 1133: 1106: 1102: 1092: 1083: 1075: 1066: 1058: 1023:inflammation 1012: 1009: 1002: 716: 705: 681: 675:or previous 646: 623: 578: 503: 462:such as the 366: 359:appendicitis 333: 262: 251:embrace the 203: 191:lymphangitis 189:is known as 174: 171:inflammatory 158: 154: 153: 126:constipation 117:Risk factors 105:malignancies 4057:Pyomyositis 3765:Shigellosis 3735:Pseudomonas 3659:Melioidosis 3625:Oroya fever 3615:Brucellosis 3447:Nocardiosis 3257:Listeriosis 3227:Clostridium 2889:Polysplenia 2827:Hyperplasia 2746:MedlinePlus 1828:: 187–195. 997:11 mm 981:10 mm 954:Paracardiac 936:11 mm 920:10 mm 917:, generally 915:Mediastinum 908:Mediastinum 879:10 mm 846:10 mm 836:Upper limit 713:By extent: 685:(FNAC) has 478:sarcoidosis 408:Secondary: 377:brucellosis 214:common cold 167:lymph nodes 94:sore throat 30:Other names 4102:Categories 3945:Paronychia 3940:Cellulitis 3813:cellulitis 3724:cellulitis 3664:Cutaneous 3268:Mycoplasma 3218:Erythrasma 3191:Erysipelas 3182:Cutaneous 2995:Lymphedema 2926:Lymph node 2832:Hypoplasia 2722:DiseasesDB 2584:2017-03-04 2578:Patient UK 2351:2017-03-04 1050:References 989:7 mm 973:9 mm 965:8 mm 957:8 mm 949:6 mm 897:8 mm 815:Micrograph 792:metastasis 661:metastasis 649:ultrasound 430:Autoimmune 410:metastasis 381:prevotella 319:and human 230:idiopathic 210:infections 183:synonymous 159:adenopathy 147:ultrasound 90:runny nose 3935:Carbuncle 3788:infection 3786:Aeromonas 3780:Chancroid 3704:Tularemia 3668:infection 3650:Gonorrhea 3560:infection 3460:infection 3381:infection 3373:infection 3365:infection 3186:infection 3118:Bacillota 2757:eMedicine 2630:HPC:13820 2489:0033-8419 2469:Radiology 2425:0271-5333 2280:1806-3713 2218:1470-7330 2156:1470-7330 2092:2090-1402 2027:1869-4101 1027:infection 843:Generally 788:lymphomas 642:endoscope 591:Diagnosis 468:Unknown: 464:pit viper 397:Primary: 373:tularemia 350:infection 273:bacterial 269:infection 122:Back pain 61:Specialty 4020:Gangrene 3971:Pyoderma 3904:pathogen 3834:Syphilis 3829:Syphilid 3678:Glanders 3483:Gram -ve 3167:Impetigo 3142:Impetigo 3109:Gram +ve 2872:Asplenia 2762:ped/1333 2633:Archived 2613:12484692 2542:Page 942 2513:Page 559 2433:15026591 2371:Page 432 2326:15347718 2288:17724531 2236:20080453 2174:18390388 2110:22312490 2045:25534139 1985:23154725 1944:22560577 1895:22789970 1854:23020225 1803:22998994 1766:18620868 1717:19107085 1683:22143059 1642:21736987 1593:18788239 1562:23068148 1527:33085335 1504:12800960 1473:23618562 1439:22728487 1398:22977337 1327:23260189 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Index


CT scan
multiple myeloma
Specialty
Infectious disease
oncology
Symptoms
Fever
lymphoma
runny nose
sore throat
malignancies
histiocytoses
Risk factors
Back pain
constipation
Diagnostic method
CT scan
MRI scan
ultrasound
disease
lymph nodes
inflammatory
swollen
synonymous
lymphatic vessels
lymphangitis
lymph nodes in the neck
scrofula
sign

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