689:. It has been said that the earlier music of Khachaturian, Kabalevsky and other of his students has a Myaskovsky flavor, with this quality decreasing as the composer's own voice emerges (since Myaskovsky's own output is internally diverse such a statement needs further clarification)—while some composers, for instance the little-heard Evgeny Golubev, kept something of his teacher's characteristics well into their later music. The latter's sixth piano sonata is dedicated to Myaskovsky's memory and the early "Symphony No. 0" of Golubev's pupil
365:(Op. 18, in D major). The next few years saw the violent death of his father, an ex-Tsarist general who was murdered by Red Army soldiers while waiting for a train in the winter of 1918–19, and the death of his aunt, to whom he was closely attached, in the winter of 1919–20. His brother-in-law, the husband of his sister Valentina Yakovlevna, had committed suicide before the War because of financial troubles. Myaskovsky himself served in the Red Army from 1917 to 1921; in the latter year he was appointed to the teaching staff of the
391:; but he would eventually write a total of 27 symphonies (plus three sinfoniettas, two concertos, and works in other orchestral genres), 13 string quartets, 9 piano sonatas as well as many miniatures and vocal works. Through his devotion to these forms, and the fact that he always maintained a high standard of craftsmanship, he was sometimes referred to as 'the musical conscience of Moscow'. His continuing commitment to musical modernism was shown by the fact that along with
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rumoured to have had to pay the orchestral musicians himself in order to undertake the sessions. The recordings began to be issued in the West by
Olympia Records in 2001, but ceased after volume 10; the remaining volumes were issued by Alto Records starting in the first half of 2008. To complicate matters, in July 2008, Warner Music France issued the entire 16-CD set, boxed, as volume 35 of their 'Édition officielle Evgeny Svetlanov'.
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realized a massive project to record
Myaskovsky's entire symphonic output and most of his other orchestral works on 16 CDs, with the Symphony Orchestra of the USSR and the State Symphony Orchestra of the Russian Federation. In the chaotic conditions prevailing at the breakup of the USSR, Svetlanov is
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commented that he was "not the kind of composer the
Revolution would like; he reflects life not through the feelings and spirit of the masses, but through the prism of his personal feelings. He is a sincere and sensible artist, far from 'life's enemy', as he has been portrayed occasionally. He speaks
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9a – which originated as a piano sonata during his conservatory years... – does not appear in the series, but appears separately from the same conductor and orchestra on another record label. There also seem to be some brief works for wind band missing (e.g. some
Military Marches from 1930 and 1941,
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33 with the
Quartets Nos. 1 and 2, and were first published together with them in the collected edition published after the composer's death, whether or not they were first published around the same time. These works No. 3 in D minor, and No. 4 in F minor— are mid-1930s revisions of works written in
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Myaskovsky never married and was shy, sensitive and retiring; Pierre
Souvtchinsky believed that a "brutal youth (in military school and service in the war)" left him "a fragile, secretive, introverted man, hiding some mystery within. It was as if his numerous symphonies provide a convenient if not
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Stung by the many accusations in the Soviet press of "individualism, decadence, pessimism, formalism and complexity", Myaskovsky wrote to
Asafyev in 1940, "Can it be that the psychological world is so foreign to these people?" When somebody described Zhdanov's decree against "formalism" to him as
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In a testimony printed in French and
English in the accompanying booklet, Svetlanov describes Myaskovsky as "the founder of Soviet symphonism, the creator of the Soviet school of composition, the composer whose work has become the bridge between Russian classics and Soviet music ... Myaskovsky
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the
Dramatic Overture for winds Opus 60), though these are not works for full orchestra. Only the second, most often heard version of his violin concerto is included, but the first version can be heard – and compared – in the recording of the work's premiere in a Brilliant Classics CD set.
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The degree and nature of his influence on his students is difficult to measure. What is lacking is an account of his teaching methods, what and how he taught, or more than brief accounts of his teaching; Shchedrin makes a mention in an interview he did for the
American music magazine
562:, the piano sonatina, the Ninth Quartet) while Romantic in tone and style, are direct in harmony and development. He does not deny himself a teasingly neurotic scherzo, as in his last two string quartets (that in the Thirteenth Quartet, his last published work, is frantic, and almost
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Myaskovsky graduated in 1911 and afterwards taught in Saint Petersburg, where he also developed a supplementary career as a penetrating musical critic, writing for the Moscow publication, "Muzyka." He was one of the most intelligent and supportive advocates in Russia for the music of
301:. They both later produced works using materials from this period—in Prokofiev's case the Third and Fourth piano sonatas; in Myaskovsky's other works, such as his Tenth String Quartet and what are now the Fifth and Sixth Piano Sonatas, all revisions of works he wrote at this time.
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Myaskovsky has not been as popular on recordings as have Shostakovich and Prokofiev. Nonetheless, most of his works have been recorded, many of them more than once, including the Cello Concerto, the Violin Concerto, many of the Symphonies, and much of his chamber and solo music.
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and Seventh String Quartet contain themes in common—they are Kabardinian folk-tunes the composers took down during their sojourn in the region. The sonata-works (symphonies, quartets, etc.) written after this period and into the post-war years (especially starting with the
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Stock met Myaskovsky in March 1938 at the invitation of the Composers Union. He commissioned Myaskovsky's 21st Symphony (Symphony-Fantasy in F-sharp minor) for the Chicago Symphony's Fiftieth Anniversary. The first performance was in Moscow on 6 November 1940 (conducted by
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inviting him to deliver a speech of repentance at the next meeting of the Composers' Union. He was only rehabilitated after his death from cancer in 1950, leaving an output of eighty-seven published opus numbers spanning some forty years and students with recollections.
726:. ... He invented his own style, his own intonations and manner while enriching and developing the glorious tradition of Russian music". Svetlanov also likens the current neglect of Myaskovsky's symphonies to the neglect formerly suffered by the symphonies of
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Myaskovsky exercised an important influence on his many pupils, as a professor of composition at the Moscow Conservatory from 1921 until his death. The young Shostakovich considered leaving Leningrad to study with him. His students included
414:(1921–1923, rev. 1947—this is the version that is almost always played or recorded) his only choral symphony and the longest of his 27 symphonies, sets a brief poem (in Russian though the score allows Latin alternatively—see the
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symphonies, the fourth piano sonata and his first string quartet. Perhaps the best example of this experimentative phase is the Thirteenth symphony, which was the only one of his works to be premiered in the United States.
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might still have been an influence. In 1947 Myaskovsky was singled out, with Shostakovich, Khachaturian and Prokofiev, as one of the principal offenders in writing music of anti-Soviet, 'anti-proletarian' and
525:. This symphony, sketched immediately after the disaster and premiered in Moscow on 24 October 1936, includes a big funeral march as its slow movement, and the finale is built on Myaskovsky's own song for the
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regime, Myaskovsky did his best not to engage in overt confrontation with the Soviet state. While some of his works refer to contemporary themes, they do not do so in a programmatic or propagandistic way. The
228:, the son of an engineer officer in the Russian army. After the death of his mother the family was brought up by his father's sister, Yelikonida Konstantinovna Myaskovskaya, who had been a singer at the
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in 1896 inspired him to become a composer. In 1902 he completed his training as an engineer, like his father. As a young subaltern with a Sappers Battalion in Moscow, he took some private lessons with
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of its radio audience asking the question "Who, in your opinion, of contemporary composers will remain among the world's great in 100 years?" placed Myaskovsky in the top ten along with Prokofiev,
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In the 1920s and 1930s Myaskovsky was the leading composer in the USSR dedicated to developing basically traditional, sonata-based forms. He wrote no operas—though in 1918 he planned one based on
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Prokofiev and Myaskovsky worked together at the conservatory on at least one work, a lost symphony, parts of which were later scavenged to provide material for the slow movement of Prokofiev's
1155:'Evgeny Svetlanov remembers', booklet note with Warner Music France 2564 69689-8. The non-idiomatic English version has been corrected in this quotation by reference to the French version.
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but certainly contrasted) and the general paring down of means usually allows for direct and reasonably intense expression, as with the Cello Concerto (dedicated to and premiered by
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and membership of the Composers' Union. Thereafter he lived in Moscow, sharing an apartment with his widowed sister Valentina and her daughter. (He also had a married sister, Vera.)
621:"historic", he is reported to have retorted "Not historic – hysterical". Shostakovich, who visited Myaskovsky on his deathbed, described him afterwards to the musicologist
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The next few years after 1933 are characterized mostly by his apparent discontinuation of his experimental trend, though with no general decrease in craftsmanship. The
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The years 1921–1933, the first years of his teaching at the Moscow Conservatory, were the years in which he experimented most, producing works such as the
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The quartet was probably not his third in order of composition, but eventually it was so published. The Third and Fourth string quartets share
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Though he learned piano and violin, he was discouraged from pursuing a musical career, and entered the military. However, a performance of
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In the 1920s and 1930s Myaskovsky's symphonies were quite frequently played in Western Europe and the USA. His works were issued by
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407:. While he remained in close contact with Prokofiev during the latter's years of exile from the USSR, he never followed him there.
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page below on the origins of the poem—the soul looking at the body it has abandoned.) The finale contains quite a few quotes—the
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Many of them, it seems, premiere recordings in any wide distribution form. A few works do lack. An overture for orchestra,
277:, and they remained friends throughout the older man's life. At the Conservatory, they shared a dislike of their professor
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1316:(Russian, translated (by Dieter Lehmann; Ernst Kuhn) into German). Moskva: Izd-vo Muzyka / Berlin: Verlag Neue Musik.
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in F-sharp minor, Op. 51, a compact and mostly lyrical work, very different in harmonic language from the Thirteenth.
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dates from these years, the first of two or three concerti, depending on what one counts, the second being for
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A late starter, Myaskovsky was the oldest student in his class but soon became firm friends with the youngest,
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Myaskovsky was long recognized as an individualist, even by the Soviet establishment. In the 1920s the critic
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of his surviving symphonies (in C minor, Op. 3, 1908/1921), which was his Conservatory graduation piece, and
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Their collected correspondence, which has not been translated into English and is said (e.g. in the Volkov
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1233:. Translated from the Russian. New York: Philosophical Library, 1946. Reprinted by Greenwood Press, 1969,
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693:, released on CD in 2007, has striking reminiscences of Myaskovsky's symphonic style and procedures.
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1953:
896:(Moscow: Sovyetskii Kompozitor) edited by a committee with Dmitri Kabalevsky at its head. See also
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Early influences on Myaskovsky's emerging personal style were Tchaikovsky, strongly echoed in the
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While not particularly experimental, there is no suggestion—as with some earlier works—that
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892:), to have been heavily bowdlerized as regards political content, was published in 1977 as
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1185:"Nikolai MIASKOVSKY (1881-1950): The Complete Symphonic Works: Volumes 6 - 9 on OLYMPIA"
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the 1900s decade, not new works as are the other two; so their style is quite different.
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tendencies. Myaskovsky refused to take part in the proceedings, despite a visit from
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in A minor, Op. 15 of 1914, a turbulent and lugubrious work in two large movements.
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746:. He conducted the premieres of Myaskovsky's 8th, 9th and 11th symphonies and the
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translated & annotated by Anthony Phillips (London: Faber & Faber, 2006,
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necessary refuge in which he could hide and transpose his soul into sonorities".
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translated and annotated by Anthony Phillips (London: Faber & Faber, 2006).
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In the 1930s, Myaskovsky was also one of two Russian composers championed by
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Taruskin, p. 1124. According to Prokofiev's diaries, Myaskovsky suggested
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translated and edited by Oleg Prokofiev (London: Faber & Faber, 1991,
757:(for orchestra, Op. 31H; he also arranged it for piano 4-hands, Op. 31J).
441:, one of Europe's most prestigious publishers. In 1935, a survey made by
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357:. During this period he produced two diametrically opposed works, his
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938:"История еженедельника «Музыка» 1910–1916 гг.: документы и личности"
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was inspired by a poem about the collectivization of farming, while
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as "perhaps one of the most remarkable pieces of its time", and his
193:; 20 April 1881 – 8 August 1950), was a Russian and
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The year 1941 saw Myaskovsky evacuated, along with Prokofiev and
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One of Myaskovsky's strongest early advocates was the conductor
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1916 – Glinka prize (shared, 350 rubles) for Piano Sonata No. 2
826:) – first class for Symphony No. 27 and String Quartet No. 13.
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edited by Tim Page (London: Faber & Faber, 1987), p. 179.
780:); Stock conducted the Chicago premiere on 26 December 1940.
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biographical essay on Kabalevsky's music for a case in point
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Another work from the period up to 1940 is the one-movement
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Myaskovsky's reaction to the events of 1917–21 inspired his
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200:. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of the Soviet
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Opera. The family moved to Saint Petersburg in his teens.
1301:, Scarecrow Press/Rowman & Littlefield, summer 2014.
1294:
Gregor Tassie, Myaskovsky, Musical Opinion, October 2012.
312:, whose influence comes more to the fore in Myaskovsky's
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1950 – second class for Sonata No. 2 for cello and piano
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and when he was posted to St Petersburg he studied with
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1946 – first class for Concerto for Cello and Orchestra
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to Prokofiev as an opera subject in October 1913. See
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Andrew Stewart, notes to Cello Classics CC1012, p. 4.
1048:"For Russian Music Mavens, a Fabled Beast Is Bagged"
1026:
Sergey Prokofiev Diaries 1907–1914: Prodigious Youth
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Sergey Prokofiev Diaries 1907–1914: Prodigious Youth
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entered the history of music as a great toiler like
262:, where he enrolled in 1906 and became a student of
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1378:"Nikolai Myaskovsky: Symphony No. 6, Op. 23 (1923)"
1299:
Nikolay Myaskovsky: the conscience of Russian music
1073:
Manashyr Yakubov, liner notes to Claves CD 50-9415.
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533:was dedicated to Stalin on his sixtieth birthday.
353:front, then worked on the naval fortifications at
1256:(new paperback edition)—referred to in main text.
1638:Shostakovich v. Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp.
1393:Detailed article about Myaskovsky and his works
515:was prompted by the crash of the huge airliner
1282:Tchaikovsky & Myaskovsky: Violin Concertos
1101:. Princeton University Press. pp. 293–4.
422:theme, as well as French revolutionary tunes.
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923:Glenn Gould, 'Music in the Soviet Union', in
894:S. S. Prokofiev i N. Ya. Myaskovsky Perepiska
625:as "the most noble, the most modest of men".
332:, though the story that Stravinsky dedicated
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8:
1337:Nikolay Myaskovsky: A Composer and his Times
1165:Review of CD with compositions by Myaskovsky
755:Preludium and Fughetta on the name Saradzhev
613:not only for himself, but for many others".
281:, which, since Lyadov disliked the music of
1291:, Classical Record Quarterly, summer, 2012.
813:1946 – first class for String Quartet No. 9
403:, Myaskovsky was one of the leaders of the
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1275:Myaskovsky: Symphony No.27, Cello Concerto
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850:List of compositions by Nikolai Myaskovsky
316:in D minor, Op. 6 (1907–10), described by
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2192:Russian military personnel of World War I
1370:International Music Score Library Project
1082:Per Skans, liner notes to Alto ALC 1022.
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502:Despite his personal feelings about the
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570:) and Cello Sonata No. 2 (dedicated to
521:and was known under the Soviets as the
27:Russian and Soviet composer (1881–1950)
1339:, Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2021
810:1941 – first class for Symphony No. 21
2212:Academic staff of Moscow Conservatory
1046:Taruskin, Richard (3 November 2002).
967:Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions
7:
1263:, Deutsche Grammophon 289 471 655–2.
1001:Soviet Diary 1927 and Other Writings
705:Between 1991 and 1993 the conductor
545:among others, to what were then the
2207:20th-century Russian male musicians
1376:Pritsker, Maya (13 December 2000).
529:, 'The Aeroplanes are Flying'. The
1312:Gulinskaya, Zoya K. (1981, 1985).
1266:Malcolm MacDonald, liner notes to
1209:Compositions by Nikolai Myaskovsky
969:, pp. 229, 644, 762 and elsewhere.
405:Association for Contemporary Music
258:as preparation for entry into the
25:
2202:Pupils of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
1366:Free scores by Nikolai Myaskovsky
2187:People from Masovian Voivodeship
2182:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
2157:Russian male classical composers
2147:20th-century classical composers
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1314:Nikolai Jakowlewitsch Mjaskowski
549:regions. There he completed the
488:, and a third if one counts the
1098:Shostakovich: A Life Remembered
183:Никола́й Я́ковлевич Мяско́вский
2177:Recipients of the Stalin Prize
1969:Modes of limited transposition
1273:Philip Taylor, liner notes to
1259:David Fanning, liner notes to
1183:Barnett, Rob (November 2002).
345:, he was wounded and suffered
204:". Myaskovsky was awarded the
175:Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky
1:
1380:. American Symphony Orchestra
1289:Myaskovsky and his recordings
1246:Sergei Prokofiev: A Biography
1231:Myaskovsky: his life and work
492:, Op. 32 as a concerto work.
361:(Op. 17, in E minor) and his
260:Saint Petersburg Conservatory
140:Saint Petersburg Conservatory
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
2172:People's Artists of the USSR
1280:Andrew Huth, liner notes to
2152:Russian classical composers
2142:19th-century male musicians
2019:Quartal and quintal harmony
1708:List of modernist composers
832:People's Artist of the USSR
667:Alexei Fedorovich Kozlovsky
416:American Symphony Orchestra
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1095:Wilson, Elizabeth (2006).
766:Chicago Symphony Orchestra
30:In this name that follows
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1268:Myaskovsky: Symphony No.6
1261:Myaskovsky: Symphony No.6
792:Myaskovsky in later years
338:to Myaskovsky is untrue.
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64:
2197:Pupils of Anatoly Lyadov
1284:, Philips 289 473 343–2.
1214:10 December 2007 at the
1170:13 February 2009 at the
978:Taruskin, pp. 1018–1019.
1189:Music Web International
1128:13 October 2004 at the
872:Also transliterated as
764:, the conductor of the
604:Character and influence
568:Sviatoslav Knushevitsky
268:Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
216:Myaskovsky was born in
2070:Second Viennese School
2063:Schools of composition
1270:, Warner 2564 63431-2.
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190:
2167:Soviet male composers
2054:Twelve-tone technique
791:
627:Mstislav Rostropovich
572:Mstislav Rostropovich
387:, with a libretto by
1627:Konstantin Saradzhev
1447:List of compositions
942:vestnik.journ.msu.ru
925:A Glenn Gould Reader
744:Konstantin Saradzhev
287:String Quartet No. 3
167:List of compositions
68:Никола́й Мяско́вский
531:Salutation Overture
389:Pierre Souvtchinsky
367:Moscow Conservatory
1632:State Stalin Prize
1438:Nikolai Myaskovsky
1398:Nikolai Myaskovsky
1229:Alexei Ikonnikov,
1052:The New York Times
999:Sergei Prokofiev,
794:
784:Honours and awards
651:Vissarion Shebalin
335:The Rite of Spring
314:First Piano Sonata
310:Alexander Scriabin
299:Piano Sonata No. 4
191:Mikołaj Miąskowski
82:Myaskovsky in 1912
59:Nikolai Myaskovsky
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1928:
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1345:978-1-78327-575-5
1244:Harlow Robinson,
1034:978-0-571-22629-0
768:. The other was
707:Yevgeny Svetlanov
675:Boris Tchaikovsky
671:Alexander Lokshin
647:Varvara Gaigerova
643:Dmitri Kabalevsky
639:Aram Khachaturian
592:Tikhon Khrennikov
583:Arnold Schoenberg
543:Aram Khachaturian
523:Aviation Symphony
439:Universal Edition
401:Nikolai Roslavets
393:Alexander Mosolov
341:Called up during
256:Ivan Krizhanovsky
172:
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16:(Redirected from
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2162:Soviet composers
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2075:Darmstadt School
2009:Post-romanticism
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1359:Official website
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42: and the
41:
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19:
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2049:Tone cluster
2004:Polytonality
1949:Experimental
1636:
1537:
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1382:. Retrieved
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537:Final decade
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447:Rachmaninoff
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373:Middle years
340:
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296:
283:Edvard Grieg
272:
241:
234:
215:
208:five times.
206:Stalin Prize
174:
173:
129:Soviet Union
122:(1950-08-08)
52:
47:
39:
2137:1950 deaths
2132:1881 births
1999:Polyrhythms
1974:Neotonality
1862:Szymanowski
564:chiaroscuro
518:Maxim Gorky
379:Dostoyevsky
347:shell-shock
343:World War I
318:Glenn Gould
293:Early works
237:Tchaikovsky
212:Early years
146:Occupations
44:family name
40:Yakovlevich
2126:Categories
2044:Surrealism
2039:Stochastic
2029:Sound mass
1964:Microtonal
1936:techniques
1934:Genres and
1882:Stravinsky
1842:Skalkottas
1747:Schoenberg
1454:Symphonies
1384:2 December
1011:), p. 37.
947:1 November
878:Miaskowsky
874:Miaskovsky
856:References
824:posthumous
697:Recordings
459:Stravinsky
431:Thirteenth
242:Pathétique
94:1881-04-20
48:Myaskovsky
36:patronymic
18:Myaskovsky
2024:Serialism
1944:Atonality
1872:Prokofiev
1715:Composers
1036:), p.525.
1022:The Idiot
890:Testimony
738:Advocates
588:formalist
504:Stalinist
420:Dies Irae
384:The Idiot
381:'s novel
136:Education
2101:Category
2034:Spectral
1959:Futurism
1893:Americas
1877:Scriabin
1848:Hungary
1823:Germany
1807:Messiaen
1802:Koechlin
1778:Finland
1768:Czechia
1762:Pousseur
1758:Belgium
1728:Austria
1657:Category
1538:Aviation
1536:No. 16 (
1402:AllMusic
1330:14401889
1324: ;
1322:10274227
1212:Archived
1168:Archived
1126:Archived
724:Schubert
631:Turgenev
579:Scriabin
471:de Falla
463:Sibelius
351:Austrian
244:Symphony
202:Symphony
198:composer
152:Composer
127:Moscow,
2086: ←
2014:Process
1903:Antheil
1868:Russia
1858:Poland
1838:Greece
1832:Strauss
1812:Milhaud
1797:Jolivet
1788:France
1782:Bergman
1620:Related
1372:(IMSLP)
1368:at the
751:Silence
687:Fanfare
355:Tallinn
349:on the
179:Russian
2111:Portal
1913:Cowell
1908:Carter
1852:Bartók
1817:Varèse
1752:Webern
1742:Mahler
1737:Krenek
1722:Europe
1595:No. 27
1590:No. 26
1585:No. 25
1580:No. 24
1575:No. 23
1570:No. 22
1565:No. 21
1560:No. 20
1555:No. 19
1550:No. 18
1545:No. 17
1531:No. 15
1526:No. 14
1521:No. 13
1516:No. 12
1511:No. 11
1506:No. 10
1343:
1328:
1320:
1305:
1252:
1237:
1105:
1032:
1007:
834:(1946)
822:1951 (
720:Mozart
677:, and
599:Legacy
513:No. 16
195:Soviet
187:Polish
34:, the
1989:Noise
1827:Reger
1792:Henry
1604:Other
1501:No. 9
1496:No. 8
1491:No. 7
1486:No. 6
1481:No. 5
1476:No. 4
1471:No. 3
1466:No. 2
1461:No. 1
861:Notes
716:Haydn
486:cello
467:Ravel
427:Tenth
306:first
163:Works
1918:Ives
1772:Hába
1732:Berg
1386:2012
1341:ISBN
1326:OCLC
1318:OCLC
1303:ISBN
1250:ISBN
1235:ISBN
1143:opus
1123:this
1121:See
1103:ISBN
1030:ISBN
1005:ISBN
961:See
949:2023
911:Opus
730:and
722:and
473:and
429:and
399:and
266:and
117:Died
88:Born
1400:at
876:or
633:".
581:or
574:).
443:CBS
239:'s
46:is
38:is
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1248:,
1197:^
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940:.
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718:,
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673:,
669:,
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661:,
657:,
653:,
649:,
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641:,
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461:,
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224:,
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1388:.
1332:.
1309:.
1241:.
1191:.
1111:.
1054:.
951:.
805::
177:(
96:)
92:(
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
