4248:
748:. As for most cervicals, the neural arches and spines are short, the anterior articular processes are strongly developed in that direction, and the anterior lobes of the diapophyses (bony projections to the lateral sides) extend to the bottom and lateral directions to articulate with tubercles. Seventh and eighth cervicals are the longest with 18 cm (180 mm) long centra and posterior to them, the vertebral size slightly narrows. In most posterior cervicals, the centra are opisthocoelous with shallow posterior grooves.
973:
794:
4255:
5668:
3492:
5229:
415:
5234:
703:
149:
4241:
3486:
3480:
5728:
5674:
898:, such as the ophisthopubic condition and large iliac blade. They concluded that the former was part of the Segnosauria and found this group to be a rare and aberrant group of saurischians in a position subject to change among sauropodomorphs and theropods. Dong also agreed with these similarities and placed the genus within the Segnosauridae in 1992. Nevertheless, the description of
740:(small holes) develop on the lateral sides; a small ridge-like structure is also present. On the bottom surface, the centra are flat, gently flattened to the inner sides, and two projections originate from the borders of the centra. The anterior capitular process is compressed (flattened) with some degree of thickness, and extends from the bottom to lateral sides to be fused with the
1513:
763:(pits leading to air pockets) on the lateral sides, but they reduce in size on posterior dorsals. Along with the centra, the neural arch are well pneumatized with most of the pneumatic areas filled with matrix (sediments). The capitular processes are undeveloped and replaced by poor rounded facets on the anterior surface of the centrum. In most dorsals, the
131:
928:
and the former into a separate
Nanshiungosauridae. They did not provide authentic traits or bases behind this new grouping. In 2010, Zanno performed one of the most complete analyses of the Therizinosauria at that point and noted that these two species do not pertain to the same genus and therefore
825:
condition where the pubis and ischium are fused and directed backwards. The ilium is stocky with an extremely well-developed and elongated preacetabular process (anterior expansion of the iliac blade), nevertheless, the postacetabular process (posterior expansion) is missing. Its pubic peduncle (a
767:
are very elongated, the articular processes are located within the ligaments of the centrum, the neural spines are stocky, side to side thickened, and the top regions have stout tuberosities. A prominent spiral-like ridge is present on the bottom surface that becomes more notable to the posterior
397:
was one of the earliest therizinosaurs to be described and named. The unusual shape of the pelvis led Dong—the original describer—to interpret the remains as belonging to some dwarf sauropod, but during the 1990s the genus was recognized as a segnosaur (now therizinosaur) based the pelvic
604:
and might warrant its own genus. In addition, she corrected the number of sacral vertebrae from 5 to 6 and noted that the holotype pelvis from the latter has suffered damage since collection and has been reconstructed with painted plaster in the affected areas. Moreover, the remains of
630:
776:
and they are fused into a single structure, indicating that the individual was an adult at the time of death. They are lightly more longer than the dorsals and have stocky, side to ide broadened neural spines with the top surfaces bearing small depressions. A single
344:, was found in 1992 and described in 1997. It is also represented by vertebrae but this species however, differs in geological age and lacks authentic characteristics compared to the type, making its affinity to the genus unsupported.
1437:. However, it is possible that some of these oviraptorosaurs did not actually live together given the poor stratigraphic analysis of the formation. Additional dinosaurs are represented by the fast-running, long-snouted tyrannosaurid
1555:
Dong, Z. (1979). "Cretaceous dinosaur fossils in southern China" [Cretaceous dinosaurs of the Huanan (south China)]. In
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology; Nanjing Institute of Paleontology (eds.).
768:
direction. Though most dorsals are completely preserved, eighth through tenth dorsals have damaged centra. On the posterior series the centra become platycoelous, approaching the sacral vertebrae structure. The
546:
brevis and spina (meaning short and spine, respectively) in reference to the relatively short vertebral spines. When first described, Dong mistakenly thought the specimen to have been a dwarf, strange
402:. At first, the research on therizinosaurs was complicated since sparse remains were known at the time and these had features from multiple dinosaur lineages leading to their interpretation as
953:
has been widely followed and corroborated by most cladistic analyses. The extensive phylogenetic analysis conducted by
Hartman and colleagues in 2019 based on Zanno's 2010 analysis, recovers
644:, estimated at 5 m (16 ft) long weighing 600–907 kg (1,323–2,000 lb). This taxon can be differentiated by the possession of stocky posterior-most cervical vertebrae with
434:
4247:
1378:
are particularly common on the formation with at least five well-preserved egg clutches. Moreover, a fossilized female oviraptorid with two eggs is known from the formation. The tracks of
1875:
Perle, A. (1979). "Segnosauridae — novoe semejstvo teropod iz pozdnego mela
Mongolii" [Segnosauridae — a new family of theropods from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia].
347:
It was a large-sized therizinosaurid that is estimated to have cover nearly 5 m (16 ft) in length and to have weighed about 600–907 kg (1,323–2,000 lb).
1734:"The Slothful Claw: Osteology and Taphonomy of Nothronychus mckinleyi and N. graffami (Dinosauria: Theropoda) and Anatomical Considerations for Derived Therizinosaurids"
576:. Also, they coined the Nanshiungosauridae to contain "both species". Dong and Yu presented no evidence or argumentation supporting the assignment of the species to
2352:"Late Cretaceous ornithopod-dominated, theropod, and pterosaur track assemblages from the Nanxiong Basin, China: New discoveries, ichnotaxonomy, and paleoecology"
875:, more complete relatives started to be discovered, but their anatomical traits were so aberrant compared to other theropods to the point of being considered as
817:; the right ilium and pubis were eroded though. As a whole, the pelvis is robustly built and some elements are deformed such as the left ilium, which due to
5847:
736:(bony projections). After the axis, the next cervicals gradually increase in size. The anterior cervicals have platycoelus centra and deep, pocket-like
340:. It is represented by a single specimen preserving most of the cervical and dorsal vertebrae with the pelvis. A supposed and unlikely second species,
5793:
732:
centrum. The neural arch is narrow, the neural spine has a posterior orientation, and has rounded facets that connect with the atlantal posterior
5867:
2638:
2049:
935:
features multiple therizinosaurid traits such as an ophisthopubic pelvis, elongated iliac blade and an expanded obturator process. In her
5862:
2564:"A New Somphospondylan Sauropod (Dinosauria, Titanosauriformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province of Southern China"
617:, a completely different geological context. As an overall consensus, this dubious specimen is no longer considered to be relatable to
2005:
Russell, D. A.; Dong, Z. (1993). "The affinities of a new theropod from the Alxa Desert, Inner
Mongolia, People's Republic of China".
1955:
Barsbold, R.; Maryańska, T. (1990). "Saurischia Sedis
Mutabilis: Segnosauria". In Weishampel, D. B.; Osmolska, H.; Dodson, P. (eds.).
1526:
3491:
1989:
1964:
1716:
1682:
5667:
2230:"A revision of the holotype of Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis, Ye, 1966 (Testudines: Cryptodira: Trionychoidae: Nanhsiungchelyidae)"
671:
that were side to side flattened. Though the holotype specimen lacks cranial material, the preserved elements in therizinosaurids
2397:"A Late Cretaceous diversification of Asian oviraptorid dinosaurs: evidence from a new species preserved in an unusual posture"
5228:
4254:
2563:
755:
centra, unlike in the cervicals, are narrow and platycoelous with an average length of 7 cm (70 mm). They are also
148:
2593:
Chun Li; Xiao-chun Wu; Scott Rufolo (2018). "A new crocodyloid (Eusuchia: Crocodylia) from the Upper
Cretaceous of China".
781:
is present after the sacral series and represents the first caudal. Its neural spine is broken and the centrum is slightly
728:
is fused with the anterior facet of centrum and has a blunt depression to the bottom area in order to articulate with the
4240:
778:
773:
741:
737:
474:
470:
466:
458:
1793:"Cranial anatomy of Erlikosaurus andrewsi (Dinosauria, Therizinosauria): new insights based on digital reconstruction"
5233:
3485:
5857:
3431:
2631:
1826:"Specializations of the mandibular anatomy and dentition of Segnosaurus galbinensis (Theropoda: Therizinosauria)"
1368:
1577:
Dong, Z.; You, H. (1997). "A new segnosaur from
Mazhongshan Area, Gansu Province, China". In Dong, Z. M. (ed.).
3784:
2729:
826:
robust projection that connects to the pubis) is also well-developed, being straight and thick at the end. The
684:
3479:
972:
2129:"A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight"
5852:
5353:
4188:
2351:
1689:
535:
838:
is relatively thin, expanded, and the obturator process (a notably large projection at the end) is broken.
5748:
5731:
5330:
5274:
2067:"An Unusual Basal Therizinosaur Dinosaur with an Ornithischian Dental Arrangement from Northeastern China"
1249:
5819:
5590:
3810:
3375:
1266:
793:
756:
649:
5561:
1898:
1638:
You, H.; Morschhauser, E. M.; Li, D.; Dodson, P. (2018). "Introducing the
Mazongshan Dinosaur Fauna".
614:
5780:
5673:
2624:
2526:
2467:
2454:
Lü, J.; Li, G.; Kundrát, M.; Lee, Y.-N.; Sun, Z.; Kobayashi, Y.; Shen, C.; Teng, F.; Liu, H. (2017).
2408:
2366:
2191:
2078:
2014:
1745:
1390:
269:
430:
4562:
4087:
3953:
3588:
2456:"High diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna increased by a new cassowary-like crested species"
887:
733:
1488:
760:
5618:
4690:
4639:
4316:
4056:
3279:
2756:
2329:
2207:
1937:
1655:
1620:
1344:
905:
660:
was a pot-bellied animal that had a strong build composed of stout hindlimbs with a functionally
610:
446:
442:
360:
356:
232:
143:
4467:
4407:
561:
553:
characterized by a shorter but thicker neck than other sauropods based on the pelvis structure.
414:
5824:
5518:
4902:
702:
438:
5806:
5470:
4814:
4669:
3942:
3727:
3331:
2698:
2544:
2495:
2436:
2321:
2160:
2127:
Hartman, S.; Mortimer, M.; Wahl, W. R.; Lomax, D. R.; Lippincott, J.; Lovelace, D. M. (2019).
2106:
2045:
1985:
1960:
1929:
1857:
1773:
1712:
1692:
1678:
1352:
1124:
988:
913:
245:
5811:
929:
the use of the
Nanshiungosauridae was invalid and represents a synonym of Therizinosauridae.
5701:
5626:
5568:
5161:
5052:
4806:
4699:
4397:
4131:
4110:
3420:
3261:
2898:
2602:
2575:
2534:
2485:
2475:
2426:
2416:
2374:
2313:
2280:
2249:
2241:
2199:
2180:"Tertiary Dinosaurs in the Nanxiong Basin, Southern China, Are Reworked from the Cretaceous"
2150:
2140:
2096:
2086:
2022:
1847:
1837:
1804:
1763:
1753:
1647:
1612:
1518:
1462:
1451:
883:
858:
782:
752:
721:
645:
569:
352:
2350:
Xing, L.; Lockley, M. G.; Li, D.; Klein, H.; Ye, Y.; Scott Persons IV, W.; Ran, H. (2017).
821:
factors has been bent out of shape. Like other derived therizinosaurids, the pelvis has an
5648:
5641:
5604:
5525:
5509:
5089:
5061:
4648:
4306:
4165:
4096:
3968:
3931:
3773:
3758:
3677:
3633:
3612:
3389:
3268:
3225:
3050:
2981:
2714:
1467:
1057:
965:
917:
876:
729:
641:
573:
462:
450:
383:
319:
311:
41:
1601:"A taxonomic and phylogenetic re-evaluation of Therizinosauria (Dinosauria: Maniraptora)"
437:
several fossilized remains of dinosaurs were discovered by the team. Near the village of
2530:
2471:
2412:
2370:
2195:
2082:
2018:
1749:
1343:
was one of the last therizinosaurs to exist. The fossil remains were unearthed from the
5691:
5633:
5597:
5494:
5426:
5401:
5374:
5342:
4986:
4956:
4761:
4600:
4518:
4417:
4177:
4103:
4066:
3564:
3361:
3120:
3016:
2955:
2934:
2490:
2455:
2431:
2396:
2155:
2128:
2101:
2066:
1852:
1825:
1768:
1733:
1439:
1398:
1033:
959:
909:
879:
850:
725:
717:
629:
597:
547:
520:
493:
449:, a relatively large and partial skeleton was found in articulation dating back to the
853:, based on the assumption it was a sauropod genus, more specifically a titanosaurine (
5841:
5711:
5706:
5575:
5435:
5319:
5263:
4942:
4861:
4828:
4792:
4745:
4715:
4662:
4655:
4541:
4532:
4346:
4326:
3869:
3858:
3744:
3713:
3670:
3619:
3605:
3299:
3031:
3009:
2994:
2912:
2229:
2065:
Pu, H.; Kobayashi, Y.; Lü, J.; Xu, L.; Wu, Y.; Chang, H.; Zhang, J.; Jia, S. (2013).
1711:(2nd ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 162−168.
1675:
Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages
1659:
1600:
1497:
1473:
1415:
1409:
1348:
867:
also erecting the Segnosauridae to contain this strange taxon. After the findings of
713:
664:
581:
81:
2333:
2211:
1624:
5721:
5583:
5310:
5184:
5177:
5116:
5034:
4821:
4707:
4586:
4498:
4427:
4386:
4336:
4154:
4007:
3992:
3977:
3911:
3799:
3751:
3663:
3553:
3408:
3368:
3347:
3340:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3253:
3238:
3174:
3131:
3092:
2962:
2941:
2872:
2850:
2301:
1791:
Lautenschlager, S.; Lawrence, M. W.; Perle, A.; Zanno, L. E.; Emily, J. R. (2014).
1457:
1445:
1427:
1232:
1074:
1009:
941:
936:
831:
822:
818:
810:
806:
764:
691:
673:
556:
In 1997 Dong Zhiming and You Hailu named and described a supposed second species: "
496:
482:
337:
327:
277:
265:
2606:
2245:
1920:
Sereno, P. C. (1989). "Prosauropod monophyly and basal sauropodomorph phylogeny".
1651:
17:
2378:
2269:"Reconstruction of oviraptorid clutches illuminates their unique nesting biology"
2267:
Yang, T.-R.; Wiemann, J.; Xu, L.; Cheng, Y.-N.; Wu, X.-C.; Sander, P. M. (2019).
2091:
1922:
Abstract of Papers. Forty-Ninth Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
1809:
1792:
1758:
1616:
5546:
5456:
5391:
5132:
5082:
5013:
4965:
4730:
4676:
4624:
4571:
4457:
4437:
4376:
4140:
3890:
3880:
3543:
3382:
3147:
3106:
3077:
3070:
3038:
2948:
2882:
2822:
2809:
2768:
2647:
1493:
1372:
1179:
863:
679:
403:
389:
323:
56:
2480:
2040:
Russell, D. A. (1997). "Therizinosauria". In Currie, P. J.; Padian, K. (eds.).
130:
5611:
5479:
5286:
5170:
5140:
5107:
5075:
5041:
5027:
5020:
4844:
4754:
4548:
4508:
4447:
4356:
4285:
4272:
4200:
4147:
4023:
4000:
3985:
3921:
3848:
3736:
3706:
3699:
3642:
3598:
3292:
3181:
3165:
3154:
3113:
3099:
3063:
3024:
3002:
1508:
1482:
1461:). Other reptiles that composed the fauna were the terrestrial or semiaquatic
1433:
1379:
1364:
1360:
900:
854:
827:
206:
101:
66:
5771:
1933:
359:
of the long neck being unusually robust and slightly more elongated than the
5716:
5696:
5532:
5487:
5449:
5442:
4999:
4932:
4912:
4892:
4882:
4872:
4782:
4616:
4609:
4578:
4073:
3900:
3692:
3574:
3246:
3188:
3140:
3084:
2970:
2839:
2741:
2689:
2579:
2317:
1959:(1st ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 408−415.
1885:
1478:
1421:
1394:
1356:
939:
analysis, Zanno recovered this taxon as a derived therizinosaurid closer to
589:
219:
160:
106:
50:
2548:
2499:
2440:
2325:
2300:
Sato, T.; Cheng, Y.-N.; Wu, X.-C.; Zelenitsky, D. K.; Hsiao, Y.-F. (2005).
2285:
2268:
2164:
2110:
1861:
1777:
1562:
830:(hip socket in the middle) is large and relatively circular in shape. The
805:
The pelvis is represented by the well-preserved left side composed by the
5765:
5539:
5411:
5068:
5006:
4768:
4722:
4366:
4117:
4041:
3685:
3649:
3195:
2927:
2680:
2671:
706:
653:
550:
516:
500:
193:
180:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
5798:
5553:
5299:
5147:
4972:
4487:
3827:
3656:
3522:
3509:
3443:
2539:
2514:
2253:
2145:
1941:
1842:
835:
814:
661:
486:
111:
86:
2421:
720:
is well preserved and has a length of 13.5 cm (135 mm) with
5124:
4922:
4799:
4477:
2861:
2665:
1877:
Transactions of the Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition
769:
593:
478:
418:
364:
170:
5742:
2026:
2203:
1824:
Zanno, L. E.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Chinzorig, T.; Gates, T. A. (2016).
2919:
2515:"A new clade of Asian Late Cretaceous long-snouted tyrannosaurids"
2179:
1403:
971:
834:
has lost its lower end and is well-fused to the ischial bone. The
792:
701:
687:
668:
628:
600:, she considered that the supposed second species is unrelated to
543:
508:
490:
413:
307:
2178:
Buck, B. J.; Hanson, A. D.; Hengst, R. A.; Shu-sheng, H. (2004).
5785:
5251:
5196:
745:
565:
372:
368:
315:
5746:
5249:
4270:
3507:
2807:
2658:
2620:
1732:
Hedrick, B. P.; Zanno, L. E.; Wolfe, D. G.; Dodson, P. (2015).
1449:, and the very sparse remains of hadrosaurid dinosaurs such as
489:. Later on, in 1979 the specimen was formally described by the
2616:
1375:
564:. It consists of 11 cervical and 5 dorsal vertebrae with some
2395:
Lü, J.; Chen, R.; Brusatte, S. L.; Zhu, Y.; Shen, C. (2016).
529:
523:
2513:
Lü, J.; Yi, L.; Brusatte, S. L.; Yang, L.; Chen, L. (2014).
683:
indicate that it had a relatively small skull with coarsely
568:. The specimen is catalogued as IVPP V11116 coming from the
435:
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
363:. It was equipped with a broad torso as seen on the bulky
785:(concave on both ends) with sub-equal height and length.
381:
is classified as a therizinosaurian dinosaur. Along with
890:
noted the striking similarities between the pelvises of
371:
used when feeding, stocky feet with four weight-bearing
336:, was first discovered in 1974 and described in 1979 by
1560:(in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press. pp. 342−350.
1382:
dinosaurs are locally abundant at the Nanxiong region.
584:
considered this referral to be highly improbable since
904:
in 1993 proved that the long-aberrant segnosaurs were
5506:
5467:
5423:
5407:
5397:
5387:
5158:
5104:
4983:
4953:
4938:
4928:
4918:
4908:
4898:
4888:
4878:
4868:
4857:
4779:
4742:
4687:
4636:
4597:
4559:
4529:
4514:
4504:
4494:
4483:
4473:
4463:
4453:
4443:
4433:
4423:
4413:
4403:
4393:
4382:
4372:
4362:
4352:
4342:
4332:
4322:
4312:
4302:
4174:
4128:
4084:
4053:
4036:
3965:
3949:
3938:
3927:
3917:
3907:
3896:
3886:
3876:
3865:
3854:
3844:
3796:
3770:
3724:
3630:
3585:
3570:
3560:
3549:
3539:
3417:
3222:
2895:
2878:
2868:
2857:
2846:
2835:
284:
5755:
5505:
5466:
5422:
5372:
5341:
5318:
5309:
5285:
5262:
5195:
5157:
5103:
5051:
4982:
4952:
4842:
4778:
4741:
4686:
4635:
4596:
4558:
4528:
4283:
4199:
4173:
4164:
4127:
4083:
4052:
4021:
3964:
3825:
3795:
3769:
3723:
3629:
3584:
3520:
3442:
3416:
3407:
3330:
3278:
3221:
3164:
3130:
3049:
2980:
2893:
2820:
2767:
2740:
2713:
716:, but in the dorsals they are more elongated. The
656:. Like other derived (advanced) therizinosaurids,
2359:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2302:"A Pair of Shelled Eggs Inside A Female Dinosaur"
1355:. This formation is mainly composed by purplish
2044:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 729−730.
1899:"Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds"
1558:Mesozoic and Cenozoic Redbeds in Southern China
429:In 1974, during a geological expedition at the
2122:
2120:
1928:. Vol. 9, no. supp. 3. p. 39A.
920:. In 1997, with the description and naming of
609:were recovered from the lower red beds of the
2632:
1903:Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences
1581:. Beijing: China Ocean Press. pp. 90−95.
857:). During this same year, the paleontologist
580:. In 2010, the North American paleontologist
453:. The specimen was labelled under the number
8:
2223:
2221:
724:(slightly concave at both ends) centra. Its
2562:Lü, J.; Yi, L.; Zhong, H.; Wei, X. (2013).
2345:
2343:
1984:. Beijing: China Ocean Press. p. 187.
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1579:Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition
924:, Dong and You placed the therizinosaurids
5743:
5380:
5315:
5291:
5259:
5246:
4991:
4850:
4295:
4291:
4280:
4267:
4170:
4029:
3837:
3833:
3532:
3528:
3517:
3504:
3413:
3284:
3230:
3218:
3055:
2986:
2904:
2828:
2817:
2804:
2746:
2719:
2710:
2655:
2639:
2625:
2617:
1702:
1700:
1572:
1570:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
976:Hip variation among therizinosaur genera (
916:. Segnosauria also became synonymous with
367:. As for other therizinosaurids, it had a
129:
31:
2538:
2489:
2479:
2430:
2420:
2390:
2388:
2284:
2154:
2144:
2100:
2090:
1851:
1841:
1808:
1767:
1757:
560:, based on a skeleton found in 1992 near
882:dinosaurs. In 1990, the paleontologists
2568:Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition)
1538:
1397:, and shared its habitat with multiple
801:(in E) compared to other therizinosaurs
667:. The arms ended up in large, recurved
1709:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
1367:environment, under a relatively warm,
1347:, which has been dated to the latest
797:Schematic comparison of the ilium of
772:is composed by six (originally five)
712:Most cervicals have relatively short
138:Skeletal restoration of the holotype
7:
849:was in 1979 by Dong assigned to the
425:was discovered at the Nanxiong Basin
1605:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
1224:
1217:
1171:
1164:
1140:
1117:
1049:
1025:
1001:
994:
984:
949:. The therizinosaurid placement of
515:, refers to the site of provenance
306:(meaning "Nanxiong's lizard") is a
2007:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1926:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1797:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1640:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1527:Timeline of therizinosaur research
969:. Below are the obtained results:
908:dinosaurs and Segnosauridae was a
25:
5848:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
1673:Holtz, T. R.; Rey, L. V. (2007).
421:basins in China. The holotype of
5727:
5726:
5672:
5666:
5232:
5227:
4253:
4246:
4239:
3490:
3484:
3478:
1511:
957:in a more derived position than
596:ages and in the view of lack of
147:
534:, meaning lizard). Lastly, the
640:was a relatively large-bodied
503:for the new genus and species
477:with a nearly complete, bulky
1:
5868:Fossil taxa described in 1979
2607:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.09.015
2273:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
2246:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.11.003
1652:10.1080/02724634.2017.1396995
519:city and is derived from the
2379:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.035
2092:10.1371/journal.pone.0063423
1810:10.1080/02724634.2014.874529
1759:10.1371/journal.pone.0129449
1617:10.1080/14772019.2010.488045
690:, and developed a prominent
530:
505:Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus
333:Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus
289:Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus
1982:Dinosaurian Faunas of China
375:and large flattened claws.
5884:
5863:Taxa named by Dong Zhiming
2481:10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6
652:on their posterior sides)
524:
342:"Nanshiungosaurus" bohlini
314:that lived in what is now
5686:
5664:
5383:
5294:
5258:
5245:
5225:
4994:
4853:
4298:
4294:
4279:
4266:
4237:
4032:
3840:
3836:
3535:
3531:
3516:
3503:
3476:
3287:
3233:
3217:
3058:
2989:
2907:
2831:
2816:
2803:
2749:
2722:
2709:
2654:
2228:Tong, H.; Li, L. (2019).
2042:Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs
1690:Genus List for Holtz 2012
1369:humid subtropical climate
1363:, and was deposited in a
1263:
1246:
1229:
1222:
1215:
1193:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1145:
1138:
1122:
1115:
1071:
1054:
1047:
1030:
1023:
1006:
999:
992:
558:Nanshiungosaurus" bohlini
283:
276:
144:Scientific classification
142:
137:
128:
34:
27:Extinct genus of reptiles
648:(meaning that they were
633:Size compared to a human
2580:10.1111/1755-6724.12079
2318:10.1126/science.1110578
1351:stage about 66.7 ± 0.3
481:only lacking the right
351:had a very pneumatized
2286:10.4202/app.00497.2018
2184:The Journal of Geology
1250:Nothronychus mckinleyi
981:
802:
709:
634:
542:, is derived from the
426:
5820:Paleobiology Database
3376:Paralitherizinosaurus
2519:Nature Communications
1897:Gauthier, J. (1986).
1599:Zanno, L. E. (2010).
1267:Nothronychus graffami
975:
796:
705:
632:
417:
1707:Paul, G. S. (2016).
1385:The therizinosaurid
861:described and named
588:dates back from the
457:and consisted of 12
410:History of discovery
4563:Patagopterygiformes
4088:Confuciusornithidae
3954:Scansoriopterygidae
3589:Scansoriopterygidae
2595:Cretaceous Research
2531:2014NatCo...5.3788L
2472:2017NatSR...7.6393L
2413:2016NatSR...635780L
2371:2017PPP...466..303X
2234:Cretaceous Research
2196:2004JG....112..111B
2083:2013PLoSO...863423P
2019:1993CaJES..30.2107R
1750:2015PLoSO..1029449H
734:articular processes
694:(keratinous beak).
355:with the posterior
4691:Songlingornithidae
4640:Hongshanornithidae
4057:Omnivoropterygidae
3969:Jeholornithiformes
3280:Therizinosauroidea
2540:10.1038/ncomms4788
2460:Scientific Reports
2401:Scientific Reports
2146:10.7717/peerj.7247
1843:10.7717/peerj.1885
1693:Weight Information
1345:Nanxiong Formation
982:
912:of the older name
906:tetanuran theropod
803:
710:
635:
611:Zhonggou Formation
447:Guangdong Province
443:Nanxiong Formation
427:
398:similarities with
357:cervical vertebrae
233:Therizinosauroidea
18:Nanshiungosauridae
5835:
5834:
5807:Open Tree of Life
5749:Taxon identifiers
5740:
5739:
5682:
5681:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5657:
5562:Lutetodontopteris
5471:Gastornithiformes
5368:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5252:Aves / Neornithes
5241:
5240:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5197:Aves / Neornithes
5099:
5098:
4838:
4837:
4670:Parahongshanornis
4262:
4261:
4235:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4017:
4016:
3943:Archaeopterygidae
3821:
3820:
3728:Archaeopterygidae
3499:
3498:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3332:Therizinosauridae
3213:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3204:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2699:Maniraptoriformes
2422:10.1038/srep35780
2051:978-0-12-226810-6
2013:(10): 2107−2127.
1980:Dong, Z. (1992).
1353:million years ago
1332:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1204:
1203:
1104:
1103:
1095:
1094:
1086:
1085:
989:Therizinosauridae
914:Therizinosauridae
469:, 5 (actually 6)
299:
298:
272:
246:Therizinosauridae
16:(Redirected from
5875:
5858:Cretaceous China
5828:
5827:
5815:
5814:
5802:
5801:
5789:
5788:
5776:
5775:
5774:
5757:Nanshiungosaurus
5744:
5730:
5729:
5702:Deinonychosauria
5677:
5676:
5670:
5627:Protodontopteryx
5569:Macrodontopteryx
5508:
5469:
5425:
5409:
5399:
5389:
5381:
5316:
5292:
5260:
5247:
5236:
5231:
5162:Cimolopterygidae
5160:
5106:
5053:Hesperornithidae
4992:
4985:
4955:
4940:
4930:
4920:
4910:
4900:
4890:
4880:
4870:
4859:
4851:
4781:
4744:
4689:
4638:
4599:
4561:
4531:
4516:
4506:
4496:
4485:
4475:
4465:
4455:
4445:
4435:
4425:
4415:
4405:
4395:
4384:
4374:
4364:
4354:
4344:
4334:
4324:
4314:
4304:
4296:
4292:
4281:
4268:
4257:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4176:
4171:
4132:Jinguofortisidae
4130:
4111:Eoconfuciusornis
4086:
4055:
4038:
4030:
3967:
3951:
3940:
3929:
3919:
3909:
3898:
3888:
3878:
3867:
3856:
3846:
3838:
3834:
3798:
3772:
3726:
3632:
3587:
3572:
3562:
3551:
3541:
3533:
3529:
3518:
3505:
3494:
3488:
3482:
3432:Oviraptorosauria
3421:Oviraptorosauria
3419:
3414:
3355:Nanshiungosaurus
3285:
3262:Jianchangosaurus
3231:
3224:
3219:
3056:
2987:
2905:
2899:Alvarezsauroidea
2897:
2880:
2870:
2859:
2848:
2837:
2829:
2818:
2805:
2747:
2720:
2711:
2704:
2703:
2656:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2618:
2611:
2610:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2542:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2493:
2483:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2434:
2424:
2407:(35780): 35780.
2392:
2383:
2382:
2356:
2347:
2338:
2337:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2158:
2148:
2124:
2115:
2114:
2104:
2094:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1894:
1888:
1886:Translated paper
1884:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1855:
1845:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1803:(6): 1263−1291.
1788:
1782:
1781:
1771:
1761:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1704:
1695:
1688:
1677:. Random House.
1670:
1664:
1663:
1646:(sup. 1): 1−11.
1635:
1629:
1628:
1596:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1565:
1563:Translated paper
1561:
1552:
1521:
1519:Dinosaurs portal
1516:
1515:
1514:
1463:nanhsiungchelyid
1452:Microhadrosaurus
1401:species such as
1387:Nanshiungosaurus
1341:Nanshiungosaurus
1225:
1218:
1172:
1165:
1149:Nanshiungosaurus
1141:
1118:
1050:
1026:
1002:
995:
985:
980:in right corner)
978:Nanshiungosaurus
955:Nanshiungosaurus
951:Nanshiungosaurus
933:Nanshiungosaurus
926:Nanshiungosaurus
892:Nanshiungosaurus
888:Teresa Maryańska
884:Rinchen Barsbold
869:Nanshiungosaurus
859:Altangerel Perle
847:Nanshiungosaurus
799:Nanshiungosaurus
774:sacral vertebrae
753:dorsal vertebrae
726:odontoid process
707:Life restoration
698:Vertebral column
658:Nanshiungosaurus
638:Nanshiungosaurus
619:Nanshiungosaurus
615:Gongpoquan Basin
602:Nanshiungosaurus
578:Nanshiungosaurus
570:Early Cretaceous
533:
527:
526:
513:Nanshiungosaurus
499:and used as the
475:caudal vertebrae
423:Nanshiungosaurus
395:Nanshiungosaurus
379:Nanshiungosaurus
353:vertebral column
349:Nanshiungosaurus
303:Nanshiungosaurus
286:
264:
260:Nanshiungosaurus
257:
244:
231:
152:
151:
133:
123:
53:
40:Temporal range:
36:Nanshiungosaurus
32:
21:
5883:
5882:
5878:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5873:
5872:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5831:
5823:
5818:
5810:
5805:
5797:
5792:
5784:
5779:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5751:
5741:
5736:
5678:
5671:
5654:
5649:Tympanonesiotes
5642:Pseudodontornis
5605:Palaeochenoides
5526:Caspiodontornis
5510:Pelagornithidae
5501:
5462:
5418:
5360:
5337:
5305:
5281:
5254:
5237:
5211:
5191:
5153:
5095:
5090:Parahesperornis
5062:Asiahesperornis
5047:
4978:
4948:
4847:
4834:
4774:
4737:
4682:
4649:Archaeornithura
4631:
4592:
4554:
4524:
4307:Archaeorhynchus
4288:
4275:
4258:
4245:
4215:
4195:
4166:Ornithothoraces
4160:
4123:
4097:Changchengornis
4079:
4048:
4026:
4013:
3960:
3932:Anchiornithidae
3830:
3817:
3791:
3785:Dromaeosauridae
3774:Dromaeosauridae
3765:
3759:Anchiornithidae
3719:
3678:Liaoningvenator
3634:Anchiornithidae
3625:
3613:Scansoriopteryx
3580:
3525:
3512:
3495:
3458:
3438:
3395:
3390:Therizinosaurus
3326:
3274:
3269:Lingyuanosaurus
3226:Therizinosauria
3201:
3160:
3126:
3051:Parvicursorinae
3045:
2982:Alvarezsauridae
2976:
2901:
2889:
2825:
2812:
2783:
2763:
2736:
2730:Avemetatarsalia
2715:Avemetatarsalia
2705:
2661:
2660:
2650:
2645:
2615:
2614:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2394:
2393:
2386:
2354:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2027:10.1139/e93-183
2004:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1744:(6): e0129449.
1731:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1706:
1705:
1698:
1685:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1576:
1575:
1568:
1554:
1553:
1540:
1535:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1468:Nanhsiungchelys
1443:, the sauropod
1338:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1205:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1058:Therizinosaurus
966:Therizinosaurus
918:Therizinosauria
877:Late Cretaceous
844:
791:
779:caudal vertebra
700:
642:therizinosaurid
627:
574:Xinminbao Group
451:Late Cretaceous
412:
384:Therizinosaurus
369:keratinous beak
320:Late Cretaceous
312:therizinosaurid
295:
292:
263:
255:
242:
229:
146:
124:
122:
121:
120:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
45:
42:Late Cretaceous
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5881:
5879:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5853:Therizinosaurs
5850:
5840:
5839:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5816:
5803:
5790:
5777:
5761:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5692:Archaeornithes
5687:
5684:
5683:
5680:
5679:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5645:
5638:
5634:Protopelicanus
5630:
5623:
5615:
5608:
5601:
5598:Osteodontornis
5594:
5587:
5580:
5572:
5565:
5558:
5550:
5543:
5536:
5529:
5522:
5514:
5512:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5499:
5495:Dromornithidae
5491:
5484:
5475:
5473:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5431:
5429:
5427:Dromornithidae
5420:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5405:
5402:Perplexicervix
5395:
5384:
5378:
5375:Incertae sedis
5370:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5356:
5354:Pangalliformes
5347:
5345:
5343:Pangalliformes
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5324:
5322:
5313:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5295:
5289:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5279:
5278:
5277:
5268:
5266:
5256:
5255:
5250:
5243:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5201:
5199:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5181:
5174:
5166:
5164:
5155:
5154:
5152:
5151:
5144:
5137:
5129:
5121:
5112:
5110:
5101:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5065:
5057:
5055:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4995:
4989:
4987:Hesperornithes
4980:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4969:
4961:
4959:
4957:Ichthyornithes
4950:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4936:
4926:
4916:
4906:
4896:
4886:
4876:
4866:
4854:
4848:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4825:
4818:
4811:
4803:
4796:
4788:
4786:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4765:
4762:Similiyanornis
4758:
4750:
4748:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4727:
4719:
4712:
4704:
4695:
4693:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4644:
4642:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4621:
4613:
4605:
4603:
4601:Ambiortiformes
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4583:
4575:
4567:
4565:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4545:
4537:
4535:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4519:Zhongjianornis
4512:
4502:
4492:
4481:
4471:
4461:
4451:
4441:
4431:
4421:
4418:Jianchangornis
4411:
4401:
4391:
4380:
4370:
4360:
4350:
4340:
4330:
4320:
4310:
4299:
4289:
4284:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4205:
4203:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4189:Enantiornithes
4182:
4180:
4178:Enantiornithes
4168:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4136:
4134:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4104:Confuciusornis
4100:
4092:
4090:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4070:
4067:Omnivoropteryx
4062:
4060:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4033:
4027:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3982:
3973:
3971:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3947:
3936:
3925:
3915:
3905:
3894:
3884:
3874:
3863:
3852:
3841:
3831:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3804:
3802:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3778:
3776:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3732:
3730:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3638:
3636:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3594:
3592:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3568:
3565:Pneumatoraptor
3558:
3547:
3536:
3526:
3521:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3448:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3425:
3423:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3362:Neimongosaurus
3358:
3351:
3344:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3288:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3250:
3243:
3234:
3228:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3170:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3121:Trierarchuncus
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3017:Bonapartenykus
3013:
3006:
2999:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2959:
2956:Shishugounykus
2952:
2945:
2938:
2935:Bonapartenykus
2931:
2924:
2916:
2908:
2902:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2876:
2866:
2855:
2844:
2832:
2826:
2821:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2750:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2723:
2717:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2668:
2659:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2612:
2585:
2574:(3): 678−685.
2554:
2525:(3788): 3788.
2505:
2466:(6393): 6393.
2446:
2384:
2339:
2292:
2259:
2217:
2204:10.1086/379695
2190:(1): 111−118.
2170:
2116:
2057:
2050:
2032:
1997:
1990:
1972:
1965:
1957:The Dinosauria
1947:
1912:
1889:
1879:(in Russian).
1867:
1816:
1783:
1724:
1717:
1696:
1683:
1665:
1630:
1611:(4): 503−543.
1584:
1566:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1506:
1503:
1440:Qianzhousaurus
1399:oviraptorosaur
1337:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:Neimongosaurus
1029:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1005:
1000:
998:
993:
991:
983:
960:Neimongosaurus
910:junior synonym
880:sauropodomorph
851:Titanosaurinae
843:
842:Classification
840:
790:
787:
699:
696:
626:
623:
598:synapomorphies
494:paleontologist
473:and the first
431:Nanxiong Basin
411:
408:
297:
296:
293:
281:
280:
274:
273:
253:
249:
248:
240:
236:
235:
227:
223:
222:
217:
210:
209:
204:
197:
196:
191:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
140:
139:
135:
134:
126:
125:
117:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5880:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5826:
5821:
5817:
5813:
5808:
5804:
5800:
5795:
5791:
5787:
5782:
5778:
5773:
5767:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5745:
5733:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5712:Odontornithes
5710:
5708:
5707:Odontognathae
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5685:
5675:
5669:
5651:
5650:
5646:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5636:
5635:
5631:
5629:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5616:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5607:
5606:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5595:
5593:
5592:
5588:
5586:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5571:
5570:
5566:
5564:
5563:
5559:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5535:
5534:
5530:
5528:
5527:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5496:
5492:
5490:
5489:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5472:
5465:
5459:
5458:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5445:
5444:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5436:Barawertornis
5433:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5421:
5414:
5413:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5396:
5394:
5393:
5386:
5385:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5355:
5351:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5332:
5331:Anserimorphae
5328:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5321:
5320:Anserimorphae
5317:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5284:
5276:
5275:Palaeognathae
5272:
5271:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5264:Palaeognathae
5261:
5257:
5253:
5248:
5244:
5235:
5230:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5187:
5186:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5109:
5102:
5092:
5091:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5078:
5077:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5050:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4958:
4951:
4945:
4944:
4943:Tingmiatornis
4937:
4935:
4934:
4927:
4925:
4924:
4917:
4915:
4914:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4862:Antarcticavis
4856:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4841:
4831:
4830:
4829:Shuilingornis
4826:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4793:Changzuiornis
4790:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4777:
4771:
4770:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4746:Yanornithidae
4740:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4716:Songlingornis
4713:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4702:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4692:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4663:Longicrusavis
4660:
4658:
4657:
4656:Hongshanornis
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4634:
4627:
4626:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4542:Mengciusornis
4539:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4533:Schizoouridae
4527:
4521:
4520:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4347:Changzuiornis
4341:
4339:
4338:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4327:Brevidentavis
4321:
4319:
4318:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4301:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4269:
4265:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4242:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4020:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3955:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3870:Cretaaviculus
3864:
3861:
3860:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3824:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3801:
3794:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3745:Archaeopteryx
3742:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3714:Yixianosaurus
3711:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3671:Fujianvenator
3668:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3606:Epidexipteryx
3603:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3506:
3502:
3493:
3489:
3487:
3481:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3433:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3300:Beipiaosaurus
3297:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3220:
3216:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3032:Heptasteornis
3029:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3010:Alvarezsaurus
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2995:Achillesaurus
2992:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2913:Achillesaurus
2910:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2892:
2885:
2884:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2802:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2589:
2586:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2558:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2509:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2447:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2312:(5720): 375.
2311:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2293:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2077:(5): e63423.
2076:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1991:3-540-52084-8
1987:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1966:9780520067271
1962:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1916:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1817:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1718:9780691167664
1714:
1710:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1684:9780375824197
1680:
1676:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1559:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1498:Jiangxisuchus
1495:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1474:Jiangxichelys
1470:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1416:Corythoraptor
1412:
1411:
1410:Ganzhousaurus
1406:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1349:Maastrichtian
1346:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1310:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1227:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1052:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1004:
1003:
997:
996:
990:
987:
986:
979:
974:
970:
968:
967:
962:
961:
956:
952:
948:
944:
943:
938:
934:
930:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
902:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
878:
874:
870:
866:
865:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
839:
837:
833:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
800:
795:
789:Pelvic girdle
788:
786:
784:
780:
775:
771:
766:
765:neural spines
762:
761:pneumatopores
759:with shallow
758:
754:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
714:neural arches
708:
704:
697:
695:
693:
689:
686:
682:
681:
676:
675:
670:
666:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
631:
624:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:Lindsay Zanno
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
554:
552:
549:
548:titanosaurine
545:
541:
537:
536:specific name
532:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
495:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
461:(lacking the
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
424:
420:
419:Fossiliferous
416:
409:
407:
405:
401:
396:
392:
391:
386:
385:
380:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:
291:
290:
282:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
261:
254:
251:
250:
247:
241:
238:
237:
234:
228:
226:Superfamily:
225:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
175:
172:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
156:
155:
150:
145:
141:
136:
132:
127:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
5756:
5722:Unenlagiidae
5647:
5640:
5632:
5625:
5617:
5610:
5603:
5596:
5589:
5584:Odontopteryx
5582:
5574:
5567:
5560:
5552:
5545:
5538:
5531:
5524:
5517:
5493:
5486:
5478:
5455:
5448:
5441:
5434:
5410:
5400:
5390:
5373:
5311:Galloanserae
5298:
5185:Lamarqueavis
5183:
5178:Cimolopteryx
5176:
5169:
5146:
5139:
5131:
5123:
5117:Australornis
5115:
5088:
5081:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5040:
5035:Pasquiaornis
5033:
5026:
5019:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4971:
4964:
4941:
4931:
4921:
4911:
4901:
4891:
4881:
4871:
4860:
4827:
4822:Khinganornis
4820:
4813:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4767:
4760:
4753:
4729:
4721:
4714:
4708:Piscivoravis
4706:
4698:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4623:
4615:
4608:
4587:Patagopteryx
4585:
4577:
4570:
4547:
4540:
4517:
4507:
4499:Xinghaiornis
4497:
4486:
4476:
4466:
4456:
4446:
4436:
4428:Jiuquanornis
4426:
4416:
4406:
4396:
4387:Gargantuavis
4385:
4375:
4365:
4355:
4345:
4337:Changmaornis
4335:
4325:
4315:
4305:
4244:
4155:Jinguofortis
4153:
4146:
4139:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4072:
4065:
4039:
4008:Neimengornis
4006:
3999:
3993:Jixiangornis
3991:
3984:
3978:Dalianraptor
3976:
3952:
3941:
3930:
3920:
3912:Yandangornis
3910:
3899:
3889:
3879:
3868:
3857:
3847:
3811:Troodontidae
3800:Troodontidae
3757:
3752:Wellnhoferia
3750:
3743:
3735:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3676:
3669:
3664:Eosinopteryx
3662:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3573:
3563:
3554:Palaeopteryx
3552:
3542:
3483:
3409:Pennaraptora
3388:
3381:
3374:
3369:Nothronychus
3367:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3348:Erlikosaurus
3346:
3341:Erliansaurus
3339:
3321:Suzhousaurus
3319:
3314:Martharaptor
3312:
3307:Enigmosaurus
3305:
3298:
3291:
3267:
3260:
3254:Fukuivenator
3252:
3245:
3239:Eshanosaurus
3237:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3175:Albertonykus
3173:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3132:Ceratonykini
3119:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3093:Nemegtonykus
3091:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2993:
2969:
2963:Tugulusaurus
2961:
2954:
2947:
2942:Haplocheirus
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2911:
2881:
2873:Migmanychion
2871:
2860:
2851:Fukuivenator
2849:
2838:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2571:
2567:
2557:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2404:
2400:
2362:
2358:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2237:
2233:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2136:
2132:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2041:
2035:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1981:
1975:
1956:
1950:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1708:
1674:
1668:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1608:
1604:
1578:
1557:
1496:
1489:Tianyusaurus
1487:
1481:
1472:
1466:
1458:nomen dubium
1456:
1450:
1446:Gannansaurus
1444:
1438:
1432:
1428:Huanansaurus
1426:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1402:
1391:high-browser
1389:was a bulky
1386:
1384:
1340:
1339:
1336:Paleoecology
1265:
1264:
1248:
1247:
1233:Erlikosaurus
1231:
1230:
1194:
1178:
1177:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1123:
1075:Erliansaurus
1073:
1072:
1056:
1055:
1032:
1031:
1010:Suzhousaurus
1008:
1007:
977:
964:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:Nothronychus
940:
937:phylogenetic
932:
931:
925:
922:"N". bohlini
921:
899:
895:
891:
872:
868:
862:
846:
845:
823:opisthopubic
819:taphonomical
804:
798:
783:amphicoelous
750:
711:
692:rhamphotheca
678:
674:Erlikosaurus
672:
657:
637:
636:
618:
607:"N". bohlini
606:
601:
586:"N". bohlini
585:
577:
557:
555:
539:
512:
509:generic name
504:
497:Dong Zhiming
454:
428:
422:
399:
394:
388:
382:
378:
377:
348:
346:
341:
338:Dong Zhiming
332:
331:
328:type species
302:
301:
300:
288:
287:
278:Type species
259:
258:
213:
200:
187:
35:
29:
5619:Proceriavis
5591:Odontoptila
5547:Gigantornis
5457:Ilbandornis
5392:Asteriornis
5133:Neogaeornis
5083:Hesperornis
5014:Chupkaornis
4966:Ichthyornis
4731:Yixianornis
4677:Tianyuornis
4625:Palintropus
4572:Alamitornis
4458:Meemannavis
4438:Juehuaornis
4377:Eogranivora
4317:Bellulornis
4141:Chongmingia
3891:Overoraptor
3881:Fukuipteryx
3544:Imperobator
3383:Segnosaurus
3148:Ceratonykus
3107:Parvicursor
3078:Khulsanurus
3071:Jaculinykus
3039:Patagonykus
2949:Patagonykus
2883:Yaverlandia
2823:Maniraptora
2810:Maniraptora
2769:Maniraptora
2648:Maniraptora
2365:: 303−313.
2279:: 581−596.
2254:311034/9424
2240:: 151−163.
1494:crocodilian
1373:Oviraptorid
1180:Segnosaurus
947:Segnosaurus
896:Segnosaurus
873:Segnosaurus
864:Segnosaurus
738:pleurocoels
722:platycoelus
680:Segnosaurus
662:tetradactyl
646:opisthocoel
625:Description
540:brevispinus
433:led by the
406:dinosaurs.
404:prosauropod
400:Segnosaurus
390:Segnosaurus
324:South China
318:during the
49:67–66
5842:Categories
5690:See also:
5612:Pelagornis
5480:Brontornis
5287:Neognathae
5206:see below↓
5171:Ceramornis
5141:Polarornis
5108:Vegaviidae
5076:Fumicollis
5042:Potamornis
5028:Judinornis
5021:Enaliornis
4845:Ornithurae
4755:Abitusavis
4549:Schizooura
4509:Yumenornis
4468:Platanavis
4448:Kaririavis
4408:Horezmavis
4357:Chaoyangia
4286:Euornithes
4273:Euornithes
4210:see below↓
4201:Euornithes
4148:Cratonavis
4024:Pygostylia
4001:Kompsornis
3986:Jeholornis
3922:Zhongornis
3849:Alcmonavis
3737:Alcmonavis
3707:Xiaotingia
3700:Serikornis
3643:Anchiornis
3599:Ambopteryx
3453:see below↓
3293:Alxasaurus
3182:Linhenykus
3166:Mononykini
3155:Xixianykus
3114:Qiupanykus
3100:Ondogurvel
3064:Dzharaonyx
3025:Bradycneme
3003:Alnashetri
2778:see below↓
2681:Dinosauria
1533:References
1492:, and the
1483:Chianghsia
1434:Shixinggia
1380:ornithopod
1365:floodplain
1361:siltstones
1195:AMNH 6368
901:Alxasaurus
855:titanosaur
832:pubic bone
828:acetabulum
562:Mazongshan
455:IVPP V4731
294:Dong, 1979
207:Saurischia
194:Dinosauria
5717:Sauriurae
5697:Carinatae
5533:Cyphornis
5519:Aequornis
5488:Gastornis
5450:Genyornis
5443:Dromornis
5000:Baptornis
4933:Limenavis
4913:Iaceornis
4903:Guildavis
4893:Gallornis
4883:Cerebavis
4873:Apatornis
4783:Gansuidae
4617:Apsaravis
4610:Ambiortus
4579:Kuszholia
4074:Sapeornis
3901:Rahonavis
3693:Pedopenna
3575:Rahonavis
3247:Falcarius
3189:Mononykus
3141:Albinykus
2971:Xiyunykus
2840:Elopteryx
2757:Theropoda
2742:Theropoda
2690:Theropoda
2664:Kingdom:
2601:: 25–39.
2139:: e7247.
1934:0272-4634
1836:: e1885.
1660:202867591
1479:squamates
1422:Nankangia
1395:ecosystem
1357:mudstones
813:and both
757:pneumatic
742:capitulum
590:Barremian
439:Dapingcun
220:Theropoda
167:Kingdom:
161:Eukaryota
5766:Wikidata
5732:Category
5540:Dasornis
5412:Qinornis
5069:Canadaga
5007:Brodavis
4815:Iteravis
4807:Hollanda
4769:Yanornis
4723:Yanornis
4700:Hollanda
4398:Hollanda
4367:Dingavis
4118:Yangavis
4042:Proornis
3686:Ostromia
3650:Aurornis
3196:Shuvuuia
2928:Bannykus
2672:Chordata
2670:Phylum:
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2500:28751667
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1127:embryos
685:serrated
572:, Upper
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3444:Paraves
2527:Bibcode
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