4237:
737:. As for most cervicals, the neural arches and spines are short, the anterior articular processes are strongly developed in that direction, and the anterior lobes of the diapophyses (bony projections to the lateral sides) extend to the bottom and lateral directions to articulate with tubercles. Seventh and eighth cervicals are the longest with 18 cm (180 mm) long centra and posterior to them, the vertebral size slightly narrows. In most posterior cervicals, the centra are opisthocoelous with shallow posterior grooves.
962:
783:
4244:
5657:
3481:
5218:
404:
5223:
692:
138:
4230:
3475:
3469:
5717:
5663:
887:, such as the ophisthopubic condition and large iliac blade. They concluded that the former was part of the Segnosauria and found this group to be a rare and aberrant group of saurischians in a position subject to change among sauropodomorphs and theropods. Dong also agreed with these similarities and placed the genus within the Segnosauridae in 1992. Nevertheless, the description of
729:(small holes) develop on the lateral sides; a small ridge-like structure is also present. On the bottom surface, the centra are flat, gently flattened to the inner sides, and two projections originate from the borders of the centra. The anterior capitular process is compressed (flattened) with some degree of thickness, and extends from the bottom to lateral sides to be fused with the
1502:
752:(pits leading to air pockets) on the lateral sides, but they reduce in size on posterior dorsals. Along with the centra, the neural arch are well pneumatized with most of the pneumatic areas filled with matrix (sediments). The capitular processes are undeveloped and replaced by poor rounded facets on the anterior surface of the centrum. In most dorsals, the
120:
917:
and the former into a separate
Nanshiungosauridae. They did not provide authentic traits or bases behind this new grouping. In 2010, Zanno performed one of the most complete analyses of the Therizinosauria at that point and noted that these two species do not pertain to the same genus and therefore
814:
condition where the pubis and ischium are fused and directed backwards. The ilium is stocky with an extremely well-developed and elongated preacetabular process (anterior expansion of the iliac blade), nevertheless, the postacetabular process (posterior expansion) is missing. Its pubic peduncle (a
756:
are very elongated, the articular processes are located within the ligaments of the centrum, the neural spines are stocky, side to side thickened, and the top regions have stout tuberosities. A prominent spiral-like ridge is present on the bottom surface that becomes more notable to the posterior
386:
was one of the earliest therizinosaurs to be described and named. The unusual shape of the pelvis led Dong—the original describer—to interpret the remains as belonging to some dwarf sauropod, but during the 1990s the genus was recognized as a segnosaur (now therizinosaur) based the pelvic
593:
and might warrant its own genus. In addition, she corrected the number of sacral vertebrae from 5 to 6 and noted that the holotype pelvis from the latter has suffered damage since collection and has been reconstructed with painted plaster in the affected areas. Moreover, the remains of
619:
765:
and they are fused into a single structure, indicating that the individual was an adult at the time of death. They are lightly more longer than the dorsals and have stocky, side to ide broadened neural spines with the top surfaces bearing small depressions. A single
333:, was found in 1992 and described in 1997. It is also represented by vertebrae but this species however, differs in geological age and lacks authentic characteristics compared to the type, making its affinity to the genus unsupported.
1426:. However, it is possible that some of these oviraptorosaurs did not actually live together given the poor stratigraphic analysis of the formation. Additional dinosaurs are represented by the fast-running, long-snouted tyrannosaurid
1544:
Dong, Z. (1979). "Cretaceous dinosaur fossils in southern China" [Cretaceous dinosaurs of the Huanan (south China)]. In
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology; Nanjing Institute of Paleontology (eds.).
757:
direction. Though most dorsals are completely preserved, eighth through tenth dorsals have damaged centra. On the posterior series the centra become platycoelous, approaching the sacral vertebrae structure. The
535:
brevis and spina (meaning short and spine, respectively) in reference to the relatively short vertebral spines. When first described, Dong mistakenly thought the specimen to have been a dwarf, strange
391:. At first, the research on therizinosaurs was complicated since sparse remains were known at the time and these had features from multiple dinosaur lineages leading to their interpretation as
942:
has been widely followed and corroborated by most cladistic analyses. The extensive phylogenetic analysis conducted by
Hartman and colleagues in 2019 based on Zanno's 2010 analysis, recovers
633:, estimated at 5 m (16 ft) long weighing 600–907 kg (1,323–2,000 lb). This taxon can be differentiated by the possession of stocky posterior-most cervical vertebrae with
423:
4236:
1367:
are particularly common on the formation with at least five well-preserved egg clutches. Moreover, a fossilized female oviraptorid with two eggs is known from the formation. The tracks of
1864:
Perle, A. (1979). "Segnosauridae — novoe semejstvo teropod iz pozdnego mela
Mongolii" [Segnosauridae — a new family of theropods from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia].
336:
It was a large-sized therizinosaurid that is estimated to have cover nearly 5 m (16 ft) in length and to have weighed about 600–907 kg (1,323–2,000 lb).
1723:"The Slothful Claw: Osteology and Taphonomy of Nothronychus mckinleyi and N. graffami (Dinosauria: Theropoda) and Anatomical Considerations for Derived Therizinosaurids"
565:. Also, they coined the Nanshiungosauridae to contain "both species". Dong and Yu presented no evidence or argumentation supporting the assignment of the species to
2341:"Late Cretaceous ornithopod-dominated, theropod, and pterosaur track assemblages from the Nanxiong Basin, China: New discoveries, ichnotaxonomy, and paleoecology"
864:, more complete relatives started to be discovered, but their anatomical traits were so aberrant compared to other theropods to the point of being considered as
806:; the right ilium and pubis were eroded though. As a whole, the pelvis is robustly built and some elements are deformed such as the left ilium, which due to
5836:
725:(bony projections). After the axis, the next cervicals gradually increase in size. The anterior cervicals have platycoelus centra and deep, pocket-like
329:. It is represented by a single specimen preserving most of the cervical and dorsal vertebrae with the pelvis. A supposed and unlikely second species,
5782:
721:
centrum. The neural arch is narrow, the neural spine has a posterior orientation, and has rounded facets that connect with the atlantal posterior
5856:
2627:
2038:
924:
features multiple therizinosaurid traits such as an ophisthopubic pelvis, elongated iliac blade and an expanded obturator process. In her
5851:
2553:"A New Somphospondylan Sauropod (Dinosauria, Titanosauriformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province of Southern China"
606:, a completely different geological context. As an overall consensus, this dubious specimen is no longer considered to be relatable to
1994:
Russell, D. A.; Dong, Z. (1993). "The affinities of a new theropod from the Alxa Desert, Inner
Mongolia, People's Republic of China".
1944:
Barsbold, R.; Maryańska, T. (1990). "Saurischia Sedis
Mutabilis: Segnosauria". In Weishampel, D. B.; Osmolska, H.; Dodson, P. (eds.).
1515:
3480:
1978:
1953:
1705:
1671:
5656:
2219:"A revision of the holotype of Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis, Ye, 1966 (Testudines: Cryptodira: Trionychoidae: Nanhsiungchelyidae)"
660:
that were side to side flattened. Though the holotype specimen lacks cranial material, the preserved elements in therizinosaurids
2386:"A Late Cretaceous diversification of Asian oviraptorid dinosaurs: evidence from a new species preserved in an unusual posture"
5217:
4243:
2552:
744:
centra, unlike in the cervicals, are narrow and platycoelous with an average length of 7 cm (70 mm). They are also
137:
2582:
Chun Li; Xiao-chun Wu; Scott Rufolo (2018). "A new crocodyloid (Eusuchia: Crocodylia) from the Upper
Cretaceous of China".
770:
is present after the sacral series and represents the first caudal. Its neural spine is broken and the centrum is slightly
717:
is fused with the anterior facet of centrum and has a blunt depression to the bottom area in order to articulate with the
4229:
767:
762:
730:
726:
463:
459:
455:
447:
1782:"Cranial anatomy of Erlikosaurus andrewsi (Dinosauria, Therizinosauria): new insights based on digital reconstruction"
5222:
3474:
5846:
3420:
2620:
1815:"Specializations of the mandibular anatomy and dentition of Segnosaurus galbinensis (Theropoda: Therizinosauria)"
1357:
1566:
Dong, Z.; You, H. (1997). "A new segnosaur from
Mazhongshan Area, Gansu Province, China". In Dong, Z. M. (ed.).
3773:
2718:
815:
robust projection that connects to the pubis) is also well-developed, being straight and thick at the end. The
673:
3468:
961:
2118:"A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight"
5841:
5342:
4177:
2340:
1678:
524:
827:
is relatively thin, expanded, and the obturator process (a notably large projection at the end) is broken.
5737:
5720:
5319:
5263:
2056:"An Unusual Basal Therizinosaur Dinosaur with an Ornithischian Dental Arrangement from Northeastern China"
1238:
5808:
5579:
3799:
3364:
1255:
782:
745:
638:
5550:
1887:
1627:
You, H.; Morschhauser, E. M.; Li, D.; Dodson, P. (2018). "Introducing the
Mazongshan Dinosaur Fauna".
603:
5769:
5662:
2613:
2515:
2456:
2443:
Lü, J.; Li, G.; Kundrát, M.; Lee, Y.-N.; Sun, Z.; Kobayashi, Y.; Shen, C.; Teng, F.; Liu, H. (2017).
2397:
2355:
2180:
2067:
2003:
1734:
1379:
258:
419:
4551:
4076:
3942:
3577:
2445:"High diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna increased by a new cassowary-like crested species"
876:
722:
1477:
749:
5607:
4679:
4628:
4305:
4045:
3268:
2745:
2318:
2196:
1926:
1644:
1609:
1333:
894:
649:
was a pot-bellied animal that had a strong build composed of stout hindlimbs with a functionally
599:
435:
431:
349:
345:
221:
132:
4456:
4396:
550:
542:
characterized by a shorter but thicker neck than other sauropods based on the pelvis structure.
403:
5813:
5507:
4891:
691:
427:
5795:
5459:
4803:
4658:
3931:
3716:
3320:
2687:
2533:
2484:
2425:
2310:
2149:
2116:
Hartman, S.; Mortimer, M.; Wahl, W. R.; Lomax, D. R.; Lippincott, J.; Lovelace, D. M. (2019).
2095:
2034:
1974:
1949:
1918:
1846:
1762:
1701:
1681:
1667:
1341:
1113:
977:
902:
234:
5800:
918:
the use of the
Nanshiungosauridae was invalid and represents a synonym of Therizinosauridae.
5690:
5615:
5557:
5150:
5041:
4795:
4688:
4386:
4120:
4099:
3409:
3250:
2887:
2591:
2564:
2523:
2474:
2464:
2415:
2405:
2363:
2302:
2269:
2238:
2230:
2188:
2169:"Tertiary Dinosaurs in the Nanxiong Basin, Southern China, Are Reworked from the Cretaceous"
2139:
2129:
2085:
2075:
2011:
1836:
1826:
1793:
1752:
1742:
1636:
1601:
1507:
1451:
1440:
872:
847:
771:
741:
710:
634:
558:
341:
2339:
Xing, L.; Lockley, M. G.; Li, D.; Klein, H.; Ye, Y.; Scott Persons IV, W.; Ran, H. (2017).
810:
factors has been bent out of shape. Like other derived therizinosaurids, the pelvis has an
5637:
5630:
5593:
5514:
5498:
5078:
5050:
4637:
4295:
4154:
4085:
3957:
3920:
3762:
3747:
3666:
3622:
3601:
3378:
3257:
3214:
3039:
2970:
2703:
1456:
1046:
954:
906:
865:
718:
630:
562:
451:
439:
372:
308:
300:
30:
1590:"A taxonomic and phylogenetic re-evaluation of Therizinosauria (Dinosauria: Maniraptora)"
426:
several fossilized remains of dinosaurs were discovered by the team. Near the village of
2519:
2460:
2401:
2359:
2184:
2071:
2007:
1738:
1332:
was one of the last therizinosaurs to exist. The fossil remains were unearthed from the
5680:
5622:
5586:
5483:
5415:
5390:
5363:
5331:
4975:
4945:
4750:
4589:
4507:
4406:
4166:
4092:
4055:
3553:
3350:
3109:
3005:
2944:
2923:
2479:
2444:
2420:
2385:
2144:
2117:
2090:
2055:
1841:
1814:
1757:
1722:
1428:
1387:
1022:
948:
898:
868:
839:
714:
706:
618:
586:
536:
509:
482:
438:, a relatively large and partial skeleton was found in articulation dating back to the
842:, based on the assumption it was a sauropod genus, more specifically a titanosaurine (
5830:
5700:
5695:
5564:
5424:
5308:
5252:
4931:
4850:
4817:
4781:
4734:
4704:
4651:
4644:
4530:
4521:
4335:
4315:
3858:
3847:
3733:
3702:
3659:
3608:
3594:
3288:
3020:
2998:
2983:
2901:
2218:
2054:
Pu, H.; Kobayashi, Y.; Lü, J.; Xu, L.; Wu, Y.; Chang, H.; Zhang, J.; Jia, S. (2013).
1700:(2nd ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 162−168.
1664:
Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages
1648:
1589:
1486:
1462:
1404:
1398:
1337:
856:
also erecting the Segnosauridae to contain this strange taxon. After the findings of
702:
653:
570:
70:
2322:
2200:
1613:
5710:
5572:
5299:
5173:
5166:
5105:
5023:
4810:
4696:
4575:
4487:
4416:
4375:
4325:
4143:
3996:
3981:
3966:
3900:
3788:
3740:
3652:
3542:
3397:
3357:
3336:
3329:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3242:
3227:
3163:
3120:
3081:
2951:
2930:
2861:
2839:
2290:
1780:
Lautenschlager, S.; Lawrence, M. W.; Perle, A.; Zanno, L. E.; Emily, J. R. (2014).
1446:
1434:
1416:
1221:
1063:
998:
930:
925:
820:
811:
807:
799:
795:
753:
680:
662:
545:
In 1997 Dong Zhiming and You Hailu named and described a supposed second species: "
485:
471:
326:
316:
266:
254:
2595:
2234:
1909:
Sereno, P. C. (1989). "Prosauropod monophyly and basal sauropodomorph phylogeny".
1640:
2367:
2258:"Reconstruction of oviraptorid clutches illuminates their unique nesting biology"
2256:
Yang, T.-R.; Wiemann, J.; Xu, L.; Cheng, Y.-N.; Wu, X.-C.; Sander, P. M. (2019).
2080:
1911:
Abstract of Papers. Forty-Ninth Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
1798:
1781:
1747:
1605:
5535:
5445:
5380:
5121:
5071:
5002:
4954:
4719:
4665:
4613:
4560:
4446:
4426:
4365:
4129:
3879:
3869:
3532:
3371:
3136:
3095:
3066:
3059:
3027:
2937:
2871:
2811:
2798:
2757:
2636:
1482:
1361:
1168:
852:
668:
392:
378:
312:
45:
2469:
2029:
Russell, D. A. (1997). "Therizinosauria". In Currie, P. J.; Padian, K. (eds.).
119:
5600:
5468:
5275:
5159:
5129:
5096:
5064:
5030:
5016:
5009:
4833:
4743:
4537:
4497:
4436:
4345:
4274:
4261:
4189:
4136:
4012:
3989:
3974:
3910:
3837:
3725:
3695:
3688:
3631:
3587:
3281:
3170:
3154:
3143:
3102:
3088:
3052:
3013:
2991:
1497:
1471:
1450:). Other reptiles that composed the fauna were the terrestrial or semiaquatic
1422:
1368:
1353:
1349:
889:
843:
816:
195:
90:
55:
5760:
1922:
348:
of the long neck being unusually robust and slightly more elongated than the
5705:
5685:
5521:
5476:
5438:
5431:
4988:
4921:
4901:
4881:
4871:
4861:
4771:
4605:
4598:
4567:
4062:
3889:
3681:
3563:
3235:
3177:
3129:
3073:
2959:
2828:
2730:
2678:
2568:
2306:
1948:(1st ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 408−415.
1874:
1467:
1410:
1383:
1345:
928:
analysis, Zanno recovered this taxon as a derived therizinosaurid closer to
578:
208:
149:
95:
39:
2537:
2488:
2429:
2314:
2289:
Sato, T.; Cheng, Y.-N.; Wu, X.-C.; Zelenitsky, D. K.; Hsiao, Y.-F. (2005).
2274:
2257:
2153:
2099:
1850:
1766:
1551:
819:(hip socket in the middle) is large and relatively circular in shape. The
794:
The pelvis is represented by the well-preserved left side composed by the
5754:
5528:
5400:
5057:
4995:
4757:
4711:
4355:
4106:
4030:
3674:
3638:
3184:
2916:
2669:
2660:
695:
642:
539:
505:
489:
182:
169:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
5787:
5542:
5288:
5136:
4961:
4476:
3816:
3645:
3511:
3498:
3432:
2528:
2503:
2242:
2134:
1930:
1831:
824:
803:
650:
475:
100:
75:
2410:
709:
is well preserved and has a length of 13.5 cm (135 mm) with
5113:
4911:
4788:
4466:
2850:
2654:
1866:
Transactions of the Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition
758:
582:
467:
407:
353:
159:
5731:
2015:
2192:
1813:
Zanno, L. E.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Chinzorig, T.; Gates, T. A. (2016).
2908:
2504:"A new clade of Asian Late Cretaceous long-snouted tyrannosaurids"
2168:
1392:
960:
823:
has lost its lower end and is well-fused to the ischial bone. The
781:
690:
676:
657:
617:
589:, she considered that the supposed second species is unrelated to
532:
497:
479:
402:
296:
2167:
Buck, B. J.; Hanson, A. D.; Hengst, R. A.; Shu-sheng, H. (2004).
5774:
5240:
5185:
734:
554:
361:
357:
304:
5735:
5238:
4259:
3496:
2796:
2647:
2609:
1721:
Hedrick, B. P.; Zanno, L. E.; Wolfe, D. G.; Dodson, P. (2015).
1438:, and the very sparse remains of hadrosaurid dinosaurs such as
478:. Later on, in 1979 the specimen was formally described by the
2605:
1364:
553:. It consists of 11 cervical and 5 dorsal vertebrae with some
2384:
Lü, J.; Chen, R.; Brusatte, S. L.; Zhu, Y.; Shen, C. (2016).
518:
512:
2502:
Lü, J.; Yi, L.; Brusatte, S. L.; Yang, L.; Chen, L. (2014).
672:
indicate that it had a relatively small skull with coarsely
557:. The specimen is catalogued as IVPP V11116 coming from the
424:
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
352:. It was equipped with a broad torso as seen on the bulky
774:(concave on both ends) with sub-equal height and length.
370:
is classified as a therizinosaurian dinosaur. Along with
879:
noted the striking similarities between the pelvises of
360:
used when feeding, stocky feet with four weight-bearing
325:, was first discovered in 1974 and described in 1979 by
1549:(in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press. pp. 342−350.
1371:
dinosaurs are locally abundant at the Nanxiong region.
573:
considered this referral to be highly improbable since
893:
in 1993 proved that the long-aberrant segnosaurs were
5495:
5456:
5412:
5396:
5386:
5376:
5147:
5093:
4972:
4942:
4927:
4917:
4907:
4897:
4887:
4877:
4867:
4857:
4846:
4768:
4731:
4676:
4625:
4586:
4548:
4518:
4503:
4493:
4483:
4472:
4462:
4452:
4442:
4432:
4422:
4412:
4402:
4392:
4382:
4371:
4361:
4351:
4341:
4331:
4321:
4311:
4301:
4291:
4163:
4117:
4073:
4042:
4025:
3954:
3938:
3927:
3916:
3906:
3896:
3885:
3875:
3865:
3854:
3843:
3833:
3785:
3759:
3713:
3619:
3574:
3559:
3549:
3538:
3528:
3406:
3211:
2884:
2867:
2857:
2846:
2835:
2824:
273:
5744:
5494:
5455:
5411:
5361:
5330:
5307:
5298:
5274:
5251:
5184:
5146:
5092:
5040:
4971:
4941:
4831:
4767:
4730:
4675:
4624:
4585:
4547:
4517:
4272:
4188:
4162:
4153:
4116:
4072:
4041:
4010:
3953:
3814:
3784:
3758:
3712:
3618:
3573:
3509:
3431:
3405:
3396:
3319:
3267:
3210:
3153:
3119:
3038:
2969:
2882:
2809:
2756:
2729:
2702:
705:, but in the dorsals they are more elongated. The
645:. Like other derived (advanced) therizinosaurids,
2348:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2291:"A Pair of Shelled Eggs Inside A Female Dinosaur"
1344:. This formation is mainly composed by purplish
2033:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 729−730.
1888:"Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds"
1547:Mesozoic and Cenozoic Redbeds in Southern China
418:In 1974, during a geological expedition at the
2111:
2109:
1917:. Vol. 9, no. supp. 3. p. 39A.
909:. In 1997, with the description and naming of
598:were recovered from the lower red beds of the
2621:
1892:Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences
1570:. Beijing: China Ocean Press. pp. 90−95.
846:). During this same year, the paleontologist
569:. In 2010, the North American paleontologist
442:. The specimen was labelled under the number
8:
2212:
2210:
713:(slightly concave at both ends) centra. Its
2551:Lü, J.; Yi, L.; Zhong, H.; Wei, X. (2013).
2334:
2332:
1973:. Beijing: China Ocean Press. p. 187.
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1568:Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition
913:, Dong and You placed the therizinosaurids
5732:
5369:
5304:
5280:
5248:
5235:
4980:
4839:
4284:
4280:
4269:
4256:
4159:
4018:
3826:
3822:
3521:
3517:
3506:
3493:
3402:
3273:
3219:
3207:
3044:
2975:
2893:
2817:
2806:
2793:
2735:
2708:
2699:
2644:
2628:
2614:
2606:
1691:
1689:
1561:
1559:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
965:Hip variation among therizinosaur genera (
905:. Segnosauria also became synonymous with
356:. As for other therizinosaurids, it had a
118:
20:
2527:
2478:
2468:
2419:
2409:
2379:
2377:
2273:
2143:
2133:
2089:
2079:
1840:
1830:
1797:
1756:
1746:
549:, based on a skeleton found in 1992 near
871:dinosaurs. In 1990, the paleontologists
2557:Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition)
1527:
1386:, and shared its habitat with multiple
790:(in E) compared to other therizinosaurs
656:. The arms ended up in large, recurved
1698:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
1356:environment, under a relatively warm,
1336:, which has been dated to the latest
786:Schematic comparison of the ilium of
761:is composed by six (originally five)
701:Most cervicals have relatively short
127:Skeletal restoration of the holotype
7:
838:was in 1979 by Dong assigned to the
414:was discovered at the Nanxiong Basin
1594:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
1213:
1206:
1160:
1153:
1129:
1106:
1038:
1014:
990:
983:
973:
938:. The therizinosaurid placement of
504:, refers to the site of provenance
295:(meaning "Nanxiong's lizard") is a
1996:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1915:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1786:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1629:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1516:Timeline of therizinosaur research
958:. Below are the obtained results:
897:dinosaurs and Segnosauridae was a
14:
5837:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
1662:Holtz, T. R.; Rey, L. V. (2007).
410:basins in China. The holotype of
5716:
5715:
5661:
5655:
5221:
5216:
4242:
4235:
4228:
3479:
3473:
3467:
1500:
946:in a more derived position than
585:ages and in the view of lack of
136:
523:, meaning lizard). Lastly, the
629:was a relatively large-bodied
492:for the new genus and species
466:with a nearly complete, bulky
1:
5857:Fossil taxa described in 1979
2596:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.09.015
2262:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
2235:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.11.003
1641:10.1080/02724634.2017.1396995
508:city and is derived from the
2368:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.035
2081:10.1371/journal.pone.0063423
1799:10.1080/02724634.2014.874529
1748:10.1371/journal.pone.0129449
1606:10.1080/14772019.2010.488045
679:, and developed a prominent
519:
494:Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus
322:Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus
278:Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus
1971:Dinosaurian Faunas of China
364:and large flattened claws.
5873:
5852:Taxa named by Dong Zhiming
2470:10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6
641:on their posterior sides)
513:
331:"Nanshiungosaurus" bohlini
303:that lived in what is now
5675:
5653:
5372:
5283:
5247:
5234:
5214:
4983:
4842:
4287:
4283:
4268:
4255:
4226:
4021:
3829:
3825:
3524:
3520:
3505:
3492:
3465:
3276:
3222:
3206:
3047:
2978:
2896:
2820:
2805:
2792:
2738:
2711:
2698:
2643:
2217:Tong, H.; Li, L. (2019).
2031:Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs
1679:Genus List for Holtz 2012
1358:humid subtropical climate
1352:, and was deposited in a
1252:
1235:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1182:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1134:
1127:
1111:
1104:
1060:
1043:
1036:
1019:
1012:
995:
988:
981:
547:Nanshiungosaurus" bohlini
272:
265:
133:Scientific classification
131:
126:
117:
23:
16:Extinct genus of reptiles
637:(meaning that they were
622:Size compared to a human
2569:10.1111/1755-6724.12079
2307:10.1126/science.1110578
1340:stage about 66.7 ± 0.3
470:only lacking the right
340:had a very pneumatized
2275:10.4202/app.00497.2018
2173:The Journal of Geology
1239:Nothronychus mckinleyi
970:
791:
698:
623:
531:, is derived from the
415:
5809:Paleobiology Database
3365:Paralitherizinosaurus
2508:Nature Communications
1886:Gauthier, J. (1986).
1588:Zanno, L. E. (2010).
1256:Nothronychus graffami
964:
785:
694:
621:
406:
1696:Paul, G. S. (2016).
1374:The therizinosaurid
850:described and named
577:dates back from the
446:and consisted of 12
399:History of discovery
4552:Patagopterygiformes
4077:Confuciusornithidae
3943:Scansoriopterygidae
3578:Scansoriopterygidae
2584:Cretaceous Research
2520:2014NatCo...5.3788L
2461:2017NatSR...7.6393L
2402:2016NatSR...635780L
2360:2017PPP...466..303X
2223:Cretaceous Research
2185:2004JG....112..111B
2072:2013PLoSO...863423P
2008:1993CaJES..30.2107R
1739:2015PLoSO..1029449H
723:articular processes
683:(keratinous beak).
344:with the posterior
4680:Songlingornithidae
4629:Hongshanornithidae
4046:Omnivoropterygidae
3958:Jeholornithiformes
3269:Therizinosauroidea
2529:10.1038/ncomms4788
2449:Scientific Reports
2390:Scientific Reports
2135:10.7717/peerj.7247
1832:10.7717/peerj.1885
1682:Weight Information
1334:Nanxiong Formation
971:
901:of the older name
895:tetanuran theropod
792:
699:
624:
600:Zhonggou Formation
436:Guangdong Province
432:Nanxiong Formation
416:
387:similarities with
346:cervical vertebrae
222:Therizinosauroidea
5824:
5823:
5796:Open Tree of Life
5738:Taxon identifiers
5729:
5728:
5671:
5670:
5651:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5551:Lutetodontopteris
5460:Gastornithiformes
5357:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5241:Aves / Neornithes
5230:
5229:
5212:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5186:Aves / Neornithes
5088:
5087:
4827:
4826:
4659:Parahongshanornis
4251:
4250:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4006:
4005:
3932:Archaeopterygidae
3810:
3809:
3717:Archaeopterygidae
3488:
3487:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3321:Therizinosauridae
3202:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3193:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2688:Maniraptoriformes
2411:10.1038/srep35780
2040:978-0-12-226810-6
2002:(10): 2107−2127.
1969:Dong, Z. (1992).
1342:million years ago
1321:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1266:
1193:
1192:
1093:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1075:
1074:
978:Therizinosauridae
903:Therizinosauridae
458:, 5 (actually 6)
288:
287:
261:
235:Therizinosauridae
5864:
5847:Cretaceous China
5817:
5816:
5804:
5803:
5791:
5790:
5778:
5777:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5746:Nanshiungosaurus
5733:
5719:
5718:
5691:Deinonychosauria
5666:
5665:
5659:
5616:Protodontopteryx
5558:Macrodontopteryx
5497:
5458:
5414:
5398:
5388:
5378:
5370:
5305:
5281:
5249:
5236:
5225:
5220:
5151:Cimolopterygidae
5149:
5095:
5042:Hesperornithidae
4981:
4974:
4944:
4929:
4919:
4909:
4899:
4889:
4879:
4869:
4859:
4848:
4840:
4770:
4733:
4678:
4627:
4588:
4550:
4520:
4505:
4495:
4485:
4474:
4464:
4454:
4444:
4434:
4424:
4414:
4404:
4394:
4384:
4373:
4363:
4353:
4343:
4333:
4323:
4313:
4303:
4293:
4285:
4281:
4270:
4257:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4232:
4165:
4160:
4121:Jinguofortisidae
4119:
4100:Eoconfuciusornis
4075:
4044:
4027:
4019:
3956:
3940:
3929:
3918:
3908:
3898:
3887:
3877:
3867:
3856:
3845:
3835:
3827:
3823:
3787:
3761:
3715:
3621:
3576:
3561:
3551:
3540:
3530:
3522:
3518:
3507:
3494:
3483:
3477:
3471:
3421:Oviraptorosauria
3410:Oviraptorosauria
3408:
3403:
3344:Nanshiungosaurus
3274:
3251:Jianchangosaurus
3220:
3213:
3208:
3045:
2976:
2894:
2888:Alvarezsauroidea
2886:
2869:
2859:
2848:
2837:
2826:
2818:
2807:
2794:
2736:
2709:
2700:
2693:
2692:
2645:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2607:
2600:
2599:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2531:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2472:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2423:
2413:
2396:(35780): 35780.
2381:
2372:
2371:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2147:
2137:
2113:
2104:
2103:
2093:
2083:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2026:
2020:
2019:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1883:
1877:
1875:Translated paper
1873:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1844:
1834:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1792:(6): 1263−1291.
1777:
1771:
1770:
1760:
1750:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1693:
1684:
1677:
1666:. Random House.
1659:
1653:
1652:
1635:(sup. 1): 1−11.
1624:
1618:
1617:
1585:
1572:
1571:
1563:
1554:
1552:Translated paper
1550:
1541:
1510:
1508:Dinosaurs portal
1505:
1504:
1503:
1452:nanhsiungchelyid
1441:Microhadrosaurus
1390:species such as
1376:Nanshiungosaurus
1330:Nanshiungosaurus
1214:
1207:
1161:
1154:
1138:Nanshiungosaurus
1130:
1107:
1039:
1015:
991:
984:
974:
969:in right corner)
967:Nanshiungosaurus
944:Nanshiungosaurus
940:Nanshiungosaurus
922:Nanshiungosaurus
915:Nanshiungosaurus
881:Nanshiungosaurus
877:Teresa Maryańska
873:Rinchen Barsbold
858:Nanshiungosaurus
848:Altangerel Perle
836:Nanshiungosaurus
788:Nanshiungosaurus
763:sacral vertebrae
742:dorsal vertebrae
715:odontoid process
696:Life restoration
687:Vertebral column
647:Nanshiungosaurus
627:Nanshiungosaurus
608:Nanshiungosaurus
604:Gongpoquan Basin
591:Nanshiungosaurus
567:Nanshiungosaurus
559:Early Cretaceous
522:
516:
515:
502:Nanshiungosaurus
488:and used as the
464:caudal vertebrae
412:Nanshiungosaurus
384:Nanshiungosaurus
368:Nanshiungosaurus
342:vertebral column
338:Nanshiungosaurus
292:Nanshiungosaurus
275:
253:
249:Nanshiungosaurus
246:
233:
220:
141:
140:
122:
112:
42:
29:Temporal range:
25:Nanshiungosaurus
21:
5872:
5871:
5867:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5827:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5812:
5807:
5799:
5794:
5786:
5781:
5773:
5768:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5740:
5730:
5725:
5667:
5660:
5643:
5638:Tympanonesiotes
5631:Pseudodontornis
5594:Palaeochenoides
5515:Caspiodontornis
5499:Pelagornithidae
5490:
5451:
5407:
5349:
5326:
5294:
5270:
5243:
5226:
5200:
5180:
5142:
5084:
5079:Parahesperornis
5051:Asiahesperornis
5036:
4967:
4937:
4836:
4823:
4763:
4726:
4671:
4638:Archaeornithura
4620:
4581:
4543:
4513:
4296:Archaeorhynchus
4277:
4264:
4247:
4234:
4204:
4184:
4155:Ornithothoraces
4149:
4112:
4086:Changchengornis
4068:
4037:
4015:
4002:
3949:
3921:Anchiornithidae
3819:
3806:
3780:
3774:Dromaeosauridae
3763:Dromaeosauridae
3754:
3748:Anchiornithidae
3708:
3667:Liaoningvenator
3623:Anchiornithidae
3614:
3602:Scansoriopteryx
3569:
3514:
3501:
3484:
3447:
3427:
3384:
3379:Therizinosaurus
3315:
3263:
3258:Lingyuanosaurus
3215:Therizinosauria
3190:
3149:
3115:
3040:Parvicursorinae
3034:
2971:Alvarezsauridae
2965:
2890:
2878:
2814:
2801:
2772:
2752:
2725:
2719:Avemetatarsalia
2704:Avemetatarsalia
2694:
2650:
2649:
2639:
2634:
2604:
2603:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2383:
2382:
2375:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2115:
2114:
2107:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2016:10.1139/e93-183
1993:
1992:
1988:
1981:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1733:(6): e0129449.
1720:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1695:
1694:
1687:
1674:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1587:
1586:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1543:
1542:
1529:
1524:
1506:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1457:Nanhsiungchelys
1432:, the sauropod
1327:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1194:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1047:Therizinosaurus
955:Therizinosaurus
907:Therizinosauria
866:Late Cretaceous
833:
780:
768:caudal vertebra
689:
631:therizinosaurid
616:
563:Xinminbao Group
440:Late Cretaceous
401:
373:Therizinosaurus
358:keratinous beak
309:Late Cretaceous
301:therizinosaurid
284:
281:
252:
244:
231:
218:
135:
113:
111:
110:
109:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
37:
36:
34:
31:Late Cretaceous
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5870:
5868:
5860:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5842:Therizinosaurs
5839:
5829:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5818:
5805:
5792:
5779:
5766:
5750:
5748:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5681:Archaeornithes
5676:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5641:
5634:
5627:
5623:Protopelicanus
5619:
5612:
5604:
5597:
5590:
5587:Osteodontornis
5583:
5576:
5569:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5539:
5532:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5503:
5501:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5488:
5484:Dromornithidae
5480:
5473:
5464:
5462:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5420:
5418:
5416:Dromornithidae
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5394:
5391:Perplexicervix
5384:
5373:
5367:
5364:Incertae sedis
5359:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5345:
5343:Pangalliformes
5336:
5334:
5332:Pangalliformes
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5313:
5311:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5284:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5257:
5255:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5232:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5190:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5170:
5163:
5155:
5153:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5133:
5126:
5118:
5110:
5101:
5099:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5082:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5054:
5046:
5044:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4984:
4978:
4976:Hesperornithes
4969:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4958:
4950:
4948:
4946:Ichthyornithes
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4925:
4915:
4905:
4895:
4885:
4875:
4865:
4855:
4843:
4837:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4792:
4785:
4777:
4775:
4765:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4754:
4751:Similiyanornis
4747:
4739:
4737:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4716:
4708:
4701:
4693:
4684:
4682:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4633:
4631:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4610:
4602:
4594:
4592:
4590:Ambiortiformes
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4572:
4564:
4556:
4554:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4534:
4526:
4524:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4511:
4508:Zhongjianornis
4501:
4491:
4481:
4470:
4460:
4450:
4440:
4430:
4420:
4410:
4407:Jianchangornis
4400:
4390:
4380:
4369:
4359:
4349:
4339:
4329:
4319:
4309:
4299:
4288:
4278:
4273:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4194:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4178:Enantiornithes
4171:
4169:
4167:Enantiornithes
4157:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4125:
4123:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4093:Confuciusornis
4089:
4081:
4079:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4059:
4056:Omnivoropteryx
4051:
4049:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4022:
4016:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3978:
3971:
3962:
3960:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3936:
3925:
3914:
3904:
3894:
3883:
3873:
3863:
3852:
3841:
3830:
3820:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3793:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3767:
3765:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3721:
3719:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3627:
3625:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3591:
3583:
3581:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3557:
3554:Pneumatoraptor
3547:
3536:
3525:
3515:
3510:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3414:
3412:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3351:Neimongosaurus
3347:
3340:
3333:
3325:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3239:
3232:
3223:
3217:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3159:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3110:Trierarchuncus
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3006:Bonapartenykus
3002:
2995:
2988:
2979:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2956:
2948:
2945:Shishugounykus
2941:
2934:
2927:
2924:Bonapartenykus
2920:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2891:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2865:
2855:
2844:
2833:
2821:
2815:
2810:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2712:
2706:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2657:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2601:
2574:
2563:(3): 678−685.
2543:
2514:(3788): 3788.
2494:
2455:(6393): 6393.
2435:
2373:
2328:
2281:
2248:
2206:
2193:10.1086/379695
2179:(1): 111−118.
2159:
2105:
2046:
2039:
2021:
1986:
1979:
1961:
1954:
1946:The Dinosauria
1936:
1901:
1878:
1868:(in Russian).
1856:
1805:
1772:
1713:
1706:
1685:
1672:
1654:
1619:
1600:(4): 503−543.
1573:
1555:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1495:
1492:
1429:Qianzhousaurus
1388:oviraptorosaur
1326:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:Neimongosaurus
1018:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
994:
989:
987:
982:
980:
972:
949:Neimongosaurus
899:junior synonym
869:sauropodomorph
840:Titanosaurinae
832:
831:Classification
829:
779:
776:
688:
685:
615:
612:
587:synapomorphies
483:paleontologist
462:and the first
420:Nanxiong Basin
400:
397:
286:
285:
282:
270:
269:
263:
262:
242:
238:
237:
229:
225:
224:
216:
212:
211:
206:
199:
198:
193:
186:
185:
180:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
129:
128:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
105:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5869:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5815:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5784:
5780:
5776:
5771:
5767:
5762:
5756:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5734:
5722:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5701:Odontornithes
5699:
5697:
5696:Odontognathae
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5664:
5658:
5640:
5639:
5635:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5598:
5596:
5595:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5540:
5538:
5537:
5533:
5531:
5530:
5526:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5485:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5436:
5434:
5433:
5429:
5427:
5426:
5425:Barawertornis
5422:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5410:
5403:
5402:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5375:
5374:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5344:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5321:
5320:Anserimorphae
5317:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5310:
5309:Anserimorphae
5306:
5303:
5301:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5273:
5265:
5264:Palaeognathae
5261:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5253:Palaeognathae
5250:
5246:
5242:
5237:
5233:
5224:
5219:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5183:
5176:
5175:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5152:
5145:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5091:
5081:
5080:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4970:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4957:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4940:
4934:
4933:
4932:Tingmiatornis
4926:
4924:
4923:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4851:Antarcticavis
4845:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4830:
4820:
4819:
4818:Shuilingornis
4815:
4813:
4812:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4782:Changzuiornis
4779:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4735:Yanornithidae
4729:
4722:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4705:Songlingornis
4702:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4652:Longicrusavis
4649:
4647:
4646:
4645:Hongshanornis
4642:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4546:
4540:
4539:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4531:Mengciusornis
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4522:Schizoouridae
4516:
4510:
4509:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4336:Changzuiornis
4330:
4328:
4327:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4316:Brevidentavis
4310:
4308:
4307:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4258:
4254:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4231:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4009:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3944:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3859:Cretaaviculus
3853:
3850:
3849:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3813:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3783:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3734:Archaeopteryx
3731:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3703:Yixianosaurus
3700:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3660:Fujianvenator
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3595:Epidexipteryx
3592:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3482:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3289:Beipiaosaurus
3286:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3209:
3205:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3021:Heptasteornis
3018:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2999:Alvarezsaurus
2996:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2984:Achillesaurus
2981:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2902:Achillesaurus
2899:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2881:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2631:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2547:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2301:(5720): 375.
2300:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2282:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2160:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2066:(5): e63423.
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2042:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1987:
1982:
1980:3-540-52084-8
1976:
1972:
1965:
1962:
1957:
1955:9780520067271
1951:
1947:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1860:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1806:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1714:
1709:
1707:9780691167664
1703:
1699:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1673:9780375824197
1669:
1665:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1548:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1487:Jiangxisuchus
1484:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1463:Jiangxichelys
1459:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:Corythoraptor
1401:
1400:
1399:Ganzhousaurus
1395:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:Maastrichtian
1335:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1163:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
993:
992:
986:
985:
979:
976:
975:
968:
963:
959:
957:
956:
951:
950:
945:
941:
937:
933:
932:
927:
923:
919:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
891:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
867:
863:
859:
855:
854:
849:
845:
841:
837:
830:
828:
826:
822:
818:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
789:
784:
778:Pelvic girdle
777:
775:
773:
769:
764:
760:
755:
754:neural spines
751:
750:pneumatopores
748:with shallow
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
703:neural arches
697:
693:
686:
684:
682:
678:
675:
671:
670:
665:
664:
659:
655:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
620:
613:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
571:Lindsay Zanno
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
538:
537:titanosaurine
534:
530:
526:
525:specific name
521:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
484:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
450:(lacking the
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
413:
409:
408:Fossiliferous
405:
398:
396:
394:
390:
385:
381:
380:
375:
374:
369:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
323:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:
280:
279:
271:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
250:
243:
240:
239:
236:
230:
227:
226:
223:
217:
215:Superfamily:
214:
213:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
139:
134:
130:
125:
121:
116:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
32:
26:
22:
19:
5745:
5711:Unenlagiidae
5636:
5629:
5621:
5614:
5606:
5599:
5592:
5585:
5578:
5573:Odontopteryx
5571:
5563:
5556:
5549:
5541:
5534:
5527:
5520:
5513:
5506:
5482:
5475:
5467:
5444:
5437:
5430:
5423:
5399:
5389:
5379:
5362:
5300:Galloanserae
5287:
5174:Lamarqueavis
5172:
5167:Cimolopteryx
5165:
5158:
5135:
5128:
5120:
5112:
5106:Australornis
5104:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5029:
5024:Pasquiaornis
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4960:
4953:
4930:
4920:
4910:
4900:
4890:
4880:
4870:
4860:
4849:
4816:
4811:Khinganornis
4809:
4802:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4756:
4749:
4742:
4718:
4710:
4703:
4697:Piscivoravis
4695:
4687:
4664:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4612:
4604:
4597:
4576:Patagopteryx
4574:
4566:
4559:
4536:
4529:
4506:
4496:
4488:Xinghaiornis
4486:
4475:
4465:
4455:
4445:
4435:
4425:
4417:Jiuquanornis
4415:
4405:
4395:
4385:
4376:Gargantuavis
4374:
4364:
4354:
4344:
4334:
4326:Changmaornis
4324:
4314:
4304:
4294:
4233:
4144:Jinguofortis
4142:
4135:
4128:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4061:
4054:
4028:
3997:Neimengornis
3995:
3988:
3982:Jixiangornis
3980:
3973:
3967:Dalianraptor
3965:
3941:
3930:
3919:
3909:
3901:Yandangornis
3899:
3888:
3878:
3868:
3857:
3846:
3836:
3800:Troodontidae
3789:Troodontidae
3746:
3741:Wellnhoferia
3739:
3732:
3724:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3665:
3658:
3653:Eosinopteryx
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3562:
3552:
3543:Palaeopteryx
3541:
3531:
3472:
3398:Pennaraptora
3377:
3370:
3363:
3358:Nothronychus
3356:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3337:Erlikosaurus
3335:
3330:Erliansaurus
3328:
3310:Suzhousaurus
3308:
3303:Martharaptor
3301:
3296:Enigmosaurus
3294:
3287:
3280:
3256:
3249:
3243:Fukuivenator
3241:
3234:
3228:Eshanosaurus
3226:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3164:Albertonykus
3162:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:Ceratonykini
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3082:Nemegtonykus
3080:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2982:
2958:
2952:Tugulusaurus
2950:
2943:
2936:
2931:Haplocheirus
2929:
2922:
2915:
2907:
2900:
2870:
2862:Migmanychion
2860:
2849:
2840:Fukuivenator
2838:
2827:
2683:
2674:
2665:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2560:
2556:
2546:
2511:
2507:
2497:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2393:
2389:
2351:
2347:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2265:
2261:
2251:
2226:
2222:
2176:
2172:
2162:
2125:
2121:
2063:
2059:
2049:
2030:
2024:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1970:
1964:
1945:
1939:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1697:
1663:
1657:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1597:
1593:
1567:
1546:
1485:
1478:Tianyusaurus
1476:
1470:
1461:
1455:
1447:nomen dubium
1445:
1439:
1435:Gannansaurus
1433:
1427:
1421:
1417:Huanansaurus
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1380:high-browser
1378:was a bulky
1375:
1373:
1329:
1328:
1325:Paleoecology
1254:
1253:
1237:
1236:
1222:Erlikosaurus
1220:
1219:
1183:
1167:
1166:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1112:
1064:Erliansaurus
1062:
1061:
1045:
1044:
1021:
1020:
999:Suzhousaurus
997:
996:
966:
953:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:Nothronychus
929:
926:phylogenetic
921:
920:
914:
911:"N". bohlini
910:
888:
884:
880:
861:
857:
851:
835:
834:
812:opisthopubic
808:taphonomical
793:
787:
772:amphicoelous
739:
700:
681:rhamphotheca
667:
663:Erlikosaurus
661:
646:
626:
625:
607:
596:"N". bohlini
595:
590:
575:"N". bohlini
574:
566:
546:
544:
528:
501:
498:generic name
493:
486:Dong Zhiming
443:
417:
411:
388:
383:
377:
371:
367:
366:
337:
335:
330:
327:Dong Zhiming
321:
320:
317:type species
291:
290:
289:
277:
276:
267:Type species
248:
247:
202:
189:
176:
24:
18:
5608:Proceriavis
5580:Odontoptila
5536:Gigantornis
5446:Ilbandornis
5381:Asteriornis
5122:Neogaeornis
5072:Hesperornis
5003:Chupkaornis
4955:Ichthyornis
4720:Yixianornis
4666:Tianyuornis
4614:Palintropus
4561:Alamitornis
4447:Meemannavis
4427:Juehuaornis
4366:Eogranivora
4306:Bellulornis
4130:Chongmingia
3880:Overoraptor
3870:Fukuipteryx
3533:Imperobator
3372:Segnosaurus
3137:Ceratonykus
3096:Parvicursor
3067:Khulsanurus
3060:Jaculinykus
3028:Patagonykus
2938:Patagonykus
2872:Yaverlandia
2812:Maniraptora
2799:Maniraptora
2758:Maniraptora
2637:Maniraptora
2354:: 303−313.
2268:: 581−596.
2243:311034/9424
2229:: 151−163.
1483:crocodilian
1362:Oviraptorid
1169:Segnosaurus
936:Segnosaurus
885:Segnosaurus
862:Segnosaurus
853:Segnosaurus
727:pleurocoels
711:platycoelus
669:Segnosaurus
651:tetradactyl
635:opisthocoel
614:Description
529:brevispinus
422:led by the
395:dinosaurs.
393:prosauropod
389:Segnosaurus
379:Segnosaurus
313:South China
307:during the
38:67–66
5831:Categories
5679:See also:
5601:Pelagornis
5469:Brontornis
5276:Neognathae
5195:see below↓
5160:Ceramornis
5130:Polarornis
5097:Vegaviidae
5065:Fumicollis
5031:Potamornis
5017:Judinornis
5010:Enaliornis
4834:Ornithurae
4744:Abitusavis
4538:Schizooura
4498:Yumenornis
4457:Platanavis
4437:Kaririavis
4397:Horezmavis
4346:Chaoyangia
4275:Euornithes
4262:Euornithes
4199:see below↓
4190:Euornithes
4137:Cratonavis
4013:Pygostylia
3990:Kompsornis
3975:Jeholornis
3911:Zhongornis
3838:Alcmonavis
3726:Alcmonavis
3696:Xiaotingia
3689:Serikornis
3632:Anchiornis
3588:Ambopteryx
3442:see below↓
3282:Alxasaurus
3171:Linhenykus
3155:Mononykini
3144:Xixianykus
3103:Qiupanykus
3089:Ondogurvel
3053:Dzharaonyx
3014:Bradycneme
2992:Alnashetri
2767:see below↓
2670:Dinosauria
1522:References
1481:, and the
1472:Chianghsia
1423:Shixinggia
1369:ornithopod
1354:floodplain
1350:siltstones
1184:AMNH 6368
890:Alxasaurus
844:titanosaur
821:pubic bone
817:acetabulum
551:Mazongshan
444:IVPP V4731
283:Dong, 1979
196:Saurischia
183:Dinosauria
5706:Sauriurae
5686:Carinatae
5522:Cyphornis
5508:Aequornis
5477:Gastornis
5439:Genyornis
5432:Dromornis
4989:Baptornis
4922:Limenavis
4902:Iaceornis
4892:Guildavis
4882:Gallornis
4872:Cerebavis
4862:Apatornis
4772:Gansuidae
4606:Apsaravis
4599:Ambiortus
4568:Kuszholia
4063:Sapeornis
3890:Rahonavis
3682:Pedopenna
3564:Rahonavis
3236:Falcarius
3178:Mononykus
3130:Albinykus
2960:Xiyunykus
2829:Elopteryx
2746:Theropoda
2731:Theropoda
2679:Theropoda
2653:Kingdom:
2590:: 25–39.
2128:: e7247.
1923:0272-4634
1825:: e1885.
1649:202867591
1468:squamates
1411:Nankangia
1384:ecosystem
1346:mudstones
802:and both
746:pneumatic
731:capitulum
579:Barremian
428:Dapingcun
209:Theropoda
156:Kingdom:
150:Eukaryota
5755:Wikidata
5721:Category
5529:Dasornis
5401:Qinornis
5058:Canadaga
4996:Brodavis
4804:Iteravis
4796:Hollanda
4758:Yanornis
4712:Yanornis
4689:Hollanda
4387:Hollanda
4356:Dingavis
4107:Yangavis
4031:Proornis
3675:Ostromia
3639:Aurornis
3185:Shuvuuia
2917:Bannykus
2661:Chordata
2659:Phylum:
2655:Animalia
2538:24807588
2489:28751667
2430:27831542
2323:19470371
2315:15831749
2201:12866840
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