966:, and this natural tendency was accelerated by the Norman tradition of using surnames that were fixed and hereditary within individual families. In combination these two names are now known as the personal name or, simply, the name. There are many exceptions to this general rule: Westerners often insert a third or more names between the given and surnames; Chinese and Hungarian names have the family name preceding the given name; females now often retain their maiden names (their family surname) or combine, using a hyphen, their maiden name and the surname of their husband; some East Slavic nations insert the patronym (a name derived from the given name of the father) between the given and the family name; in Iceland the given name is used with the patronym, or matronym (a name derived from the given name of the mother), and surnames are rarely used.
5648:
1115:. However, work on the etymology of toponyms has found that many place names are descriptive, honorific or commemorative but frequently they have no meaning, or the meaning is obscure or lost. Also, the many categories of names are frequently interrelated. For example, many place-names are derived from personal names (Victoria), many names of planets and stars are derived from the names of
693:. This is the most numerous and basic building block of all folk taxonomies, the most frequently referred to, the most important psychologically, and among the first learned by children. These names can usually be associated directly with a second level group. Like life-form names these are primary lexemes.
946:. As the population increased, it gradually became necessary to identify people further—giving rise to names like John the butcher, Henry from Sutton, and Roger son of Richard...which naturally evolved into John Butcher, Henry Sutton, and Roger Richardson. We now know this additional name variously as the
808:
In keeping with the utilitarian view other authors maintain that ethnotaxonomies resemble more a "complex web of resemblances" than a neat hierarchy. Likewise, a recent study has suggested that some folk taxonomies display more than six ethnobiological categories. Others go further and even doubt the
618:
of the naming and classification of animals and plants in non-Western societies have revealed some general principles that suggest pre-scientific man's conceptual and linguistic method of organising the biological world in a hierarchical way. Such studies indicate that the urge to classify is a basic
914:, are presented, used and categorised in many ways depending on the language and culture. In most cultures (Indonesia is one exception) it is customary for individuals to be given at least two names. In Western culture, the first name is given at birth or shortly thereafter and is referred to as the
1172:
itself is the ordering of taxa (the objects of classification) into groups based on similarities or differences. Doing taxonomy entails identifying, describing, and naming taxa; therefore, in the scientific sense, nomenclature is the branch of taxonomy concerned with the application of scientific
349:
The distinction between onomastics and nomenclature is not readily clear: onomastics is an unfamiliar discipline to most people, and the use of nomenclature in an academic sense is also not commonly known. Although the two fields integrate, nomenclature concerns itself more with the rules and
358:
Due to social, political, religious, and cultural motivations, things that are the same may be given different names, while different things may be given the same name; closely related similar things may be considered separate, while on the other hand significantly different things might be
1087:
given to various geographical features (geonyms), and also to cosmic features (cosmonyms). This could include names of mountains, rivers, seas, villages, towns, cities, countries, planets, stars etc. Toponymy can be further divided into specialist branches, like:
1309:
Over the last few hundred years, the number of identified astronomical objects has risen from hundreds to over a billion, and more are discovered every year. Astronomers need universal systematic designations to unambiguously identify all of these objects using
607:
who hold that they spring from innate mental processes. The literature of ethnobiological classifications was reviewed in 2006. Folk classification is defined by the way in which members of a language community name and categorize plants and animals whereas
257:
The scientific need for simple, stable and internationally accepted systems for naming objects of the natural world has generated many formal nomenclatural systems. Probably the best known of these nomenclatural systems are the five codes of
516:
of internationally accepted classification categories. Maintenance of this system involves formal rules of nomenclature and periodic international meetings of review. This modern system evolved from the folk taxonomy of prehistory.
1024:, like "love" and "hate" refer to abstract objects. In English, many abstract nouns are formed by adding noun-forming suffixes ('-ness', '-ity', '-tion') to adjectives or verbs e.g. "happiness", "serenity", "concentration."
2778:
will help to harmonize the appearance and increase the robustness of ontological representational units such as class and relation names. A full free access paper with the naming conventions is accessible online under
3435:
1227:
5271:
531:. Unlike scientific taxonomy, folk taxonomies serve many purposes. Examples in horticulture would be the grouping of plants, and naming of these groups, according to their properties and uses:
1183:
determines whether a particular organism matches a taxon that has already been classified and named – so classification must precede identification. This procedure is sometimes referred to as
1511:
1237:
1221:. The first botanical code was produced in 1905, the zoological code in 1889 and cultivated plant code in 1953. Agreement on the nomenclature and symbols for genes emerged in 1979.
2593:
1394:
1008:. Many proper names are obscure in meaning as they lack any apparent meaning in the way that ordinary words mean, probably for the practical reason that when they consist of
2537:
1453:
1362:
1232:
2808:
612:
refers to the hierarchical structure, organic content, and cultural function of biological classification that ethnobiologists find in every society around the world.
4311:
4132:
1377:
1242:
454:
Elucidating the connections between language (especially names and nouns), meaning, and the way we perceive the world has provided a rich field of study for
3625:
4851:
2475:
1154:(though distinct from it). Moreover, the precision demanded by science in the accurate naming of objects in the natural world has resulted in a variety of
4316:
3525:
2249:
Place names of the World: Origins and
Meanings of the Names for over 5000 Natural Features, Countries, Capitals, Territories, Cities and Historic sites
5544:
157:
or terms, or the rules for forming these terms in a particular field of arts or sciences. The principles of naming vary from the relatively informal
3663:
3387:
777:) but when the common name is extended to two or more words much more is conveyed about the organism's use, appearance or other special properties (
3630:
591:
Folk
Taxonomy is generally associated with the way rural or indigenous peoples use language to make sense of and organise the objects around them.
1728:
1722:
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1707:
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2406:
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2002:
1962:
1917:
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of everyday speech to the internationally agreed principles, rules and recommendations that govern the formation and use of the specialist
5625:
5559:
5137:
4984:
1788:
1751:
1314:, while assigning names to the most interesting objects and, where relevant, naming important or interesting features of those objects.
1217:
in 1753 and 1758 respectively, it was a long time before there was international consensus concerning the more general rules governing
745:) and an adjectival second word that helps describe the first, and therefore makes the name, as a whole, more "specific", for example,
4656:
4558:
1769:
1285:
2719:
2698:
2598:
2564:
2542:
2518:
2440:
1941:
1838:
1371:
1261:(the International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature) – a recent code of biological nomenclature that took effect in 2020 (see also
655:. A single all-inclusive name rarely used in folk taxonomies but loosely equivalent to an original living thing, a "common ancestor"
1734:
1443:. These books are supplemented by shorter recommendations for specific circumstances which are published from time to time in the
5680:
5675:
5484:
5266:
5142:
4989:
2834:
2182:
1330:
2121:
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3620:
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1311:
1304:
805:
is derived from this simple and practical way of constructing common names—but with the use of Latin as a universal language.
3600:
3465:
2485:
1605:
5276:
4705:
4692:
4273:
3346:
3125:
3087:
3037:
674:. These are usually primary lexemes (basic linguistic units) loosely equivalent to a phylum or major biological division.
184:
as people distinguish the objects of their experience, together with their similarities and differences, which observers
4409:
4036:
3988:
3656:
3595:
3495:
871:
185:
3286:
391:
5635:
5549:
4514:
3714:
3336:
2178:
463:
205:
2032:"The Roman classification and nomenclature of aquatic animals: an annotated checklist (with a focus on ethnobiology)"
1069:
are names with the same meaning, and so on. The entire field could be described as chrematonymy—the names of things.
2771:
5412:
4803:
4064:
3785:
3475:
3215:
3095:
2826:
1908:
1691:
1588:
1448:
496:
Modern scientific taxonomy has been described as "basically a
Renaissance codification of folk taxonomic principles
314:
5246:
5115:
3560:
3160:
3067:
2907:
2755:
1975:
1592:
1262:
505:
1035:
The capitalization of nouns varies with language and even the particular context: journals often have their own
5217:
5073:
4610:
3899:
3485:
1440:
1145:
445:
1831:
Folk
Classification: A Topically Arranged Bibliography of Contemporary and Background References through 1971.
1177:, based on a particular classification scheme, in accordance with agreed international rules and conventions.
634:
these groups (ethnobiological categories) are arranged hierarchically, generally into mutually exclusive ranks
2310:, and Stephen C. Powell. 1990. "Bibliography of Place-Name Literature, United States and Canada, 1980–1988."
1955:
Ethnobiological classification – principles of categorization of plants and animals in traditional societies.
342:, which has a wide-ranging scope that encompasses all names, languages, and geographical regions, as well as
5589:
5524:
5519:
5499:
5386:
4956:
4288:
3649:
3130:
3057:
2912:
2016:
1929:
1890:
1852:
1218:
1196:
259:
251:
247:
197:
2501:
2454:
Enzyme
Nomenclature 1992: Recommendations of the NCIUBMB on the Nomenclature and Classification of Enzymes.
2205:
5630:
5594:
5564:
5529:
4974:
4883:
4650:
4521:
4007:
3376:
3220:
3155:
2817:
2252:
1495:
1320:
1272:
1268:
832:
604:
603:
who maintain that names and classifications reflect mainly material concerns, and "intellectualists" like
423:
209:
5534:
5514:
5504:
5405:
4725:
3770:
3351:
3331:
3266:
3150:
2932:
2684:
2352:
2295:
1521:
1516:
1499:
1206:
802:
728:
704:. More or less equivalent to species. A secondary lexeme and generally less frequent than generic names.
509:
491:
1127:), and many personal names are derived from place-names, names of nations and the like (Wood, Bridge).
1111:
Toponymy has popular appeal because of its socio-cultural and historical interest and significance for
888:
and their function within the context of language, rather that as "labels" for objects and properties.
637:
the ranks at which particular organisms are named and classified is often similar in different cultures
2762:, the study of names and naming practices, both in the United States and abroad. Retrieved 2010-01-11.
2155:
1653:
942:
generally used single names: each person was identified by a single name as either a personal name or
5604:
5494:
5013:
4745:
4480:
3515:
3425:
3224:
3185:
2917:
2775:
1703:
1475:
1436:
1248:
844:
615:
600:
512:
are established for a purpose. The scientific classification system anchors each organism within the
4720:
1168:
can be defined as the study of classification including its principles, procedures and rules, while
5509:
5373:
5110:
5100:
5023:
4998:
4388:
4055:
4031:
3565:
3555:
3405:
3361:
3195:
2972:
2887:
2328:
1994:
1485:
1253:
403:
371:
5647:
4600:
5651:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5554:
5489:
5236:
5179:
4943:
4623:
4416:
4298:
4210:
3978:
3952:
3828:
3719:
3415:
3311:
3306:
3230:
3205:
3007:
2992:
2957:
2059:
1813:
1444:
1386:
1344:
1159:
1141:
1020:
like "cabbage" refer to physical bodies that can be observed by at least one of the senses while
1013:
880:. The distinction between names and nouns, if made at all, is extremely subtle, although clearly
848:
475:
395:
181:
158:
631:
in all languages there are about five or six ethnobiological categories of graded inclusiveness
398:. In contrast, mutually unintelligible dialects that differ considerably in structure, such as
5609:
5322:
5088:
4577:
4457:
3851:
3817:
3812:
3381:
3301:
3140:
3022:
2715:
2694:
2560:
2481:
2457:
2436:
2402:
2381:
2360:
2256:
2188:
2135:
2051:
1998:
1958:
1937:
1913:
1903:
1834:
1826:
1610:
1568:
1531:
1403:
1354:
1277:
1210:
1155:
1105:
1004:, while common names are used in a more general sense in reference to a class of objects e.g.
828:
5539:
5207:
5083:
5078:
4979:
4900:
4797:
4465:
4434:
4341:
4200:
3921:
3445:
3356:
3180:
3175:
2977:
2340:
2287:
2127:
2100:
2090:
2043:
1382:
885:
793:). These noun-adjective binomials are just like our own names with a family or surname like
513:
108:
102:
49:
5670:
5584:
5212:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5053:
5018:
4969:
4927:
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4605:
4447:
4424:
4383:
4137:
4097:
3909:
3590:
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3240:
3190:
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407:
399:
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266:
43:
4893:
2663:
501:
189:
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5068:
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4939:
4878:
4870:
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4836:
4768:
4712:
4677:
4553:
4535:
4485:
4378:
4225:
4160:
4104:
3780:
3705:
3341:
3296:
3120:
3052:
2927:
2922:
2523:
2332:
2047:
1885:
1804:
1289:
923:
907:
596:
539:
227:
2768:
A wiki dedicated to the education and sharing of naming schemes. Retrieved 2010-01-11.
2105:
1630:
1053:
Distinctions may be made between particular kinds of names simply by using the suffix
719:
In almost all cultures objects are named using one or two words equivalent to 'kind' (
5664:
5095:
5003:
4922:
4811:
4792:
4777:
4682:
4645:
4528:
4495:
4475:
4398:
4373:
4368:
4355:
4326:
4283:
4220:
4127:
4112:
4083:
3996:
3790:
3672:
3585:
3200:
3105:
3100:
3062:
2982:
2962:
2937:
2902:
2271:
2095:
2078:
2063:
2031:
1868:
Newmaster, Stephen G., et al. 2006. "Mechanisms of
Ethnobiological Classifications."
1560:
1202:
1021:
1017:
1001:
901:
609:
557:
487:
343:
169:
797:
and another adjectival
Christian or forename name that specifies which Simpson, say
307:
5428:
5361:
5349:
5299:
5288:
5147:
4841:
4787:
4782:
4735:
4669:
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4508:
4442:
4393:
4321:
4255:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4205:
4180:
4170:
4077:
3858:
3676:
3326:
3321:
3276:
3235:
3145:
3047:
3002:
2997:
2967:
2952:
2947:
1881:
1808:
1681:
1541:
1428:
1084:
971:
897:
592:
535:
524:
411:
223:
219:
31:
3641:
757:. The meaning of the noun used for a common name may have been lost or forgotten (
628:
these groups are arranged into more inclusive groups or ethnobiological categories
2709:
2688:
2278:(4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Includes the origin of place-names.)
1888:. 1973. "General principles of classification and nomenclature in folk biology."
625:
in all languages natural groups of organisms are distinguished (present-day taxa)
5460:
5334:
5256:
4915:
4910:
4905:
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4740:
4730:
4590:
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4245:
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3868:
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3012:
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1600:
1596:
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1112:
1036:
1029:
997:
993:
987:
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947:
939:
935:
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379:
162:
1783:
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5231:
4888:
4816:
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4503:
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4072:
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3938:
3889:
3822:
3802:
3765:
3739:
3695:
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2759:
1424:
927:
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915:
338:
327:
215:
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17:
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3316:
3256:
3135:
3115:
2867:
2862:
2842:
2667:
2123:
The Advent of PhyloCode: The
Continuing Evolution of Biological Nomenclature
1764:
1415:
1358:
1325:
1258:
1101:
951:
549:
528:
471:
462:. Relevant areas of study include: the distinction between proper names and
449:
243:
235:
201:
1687:
Romani in
Britain: The Afterlife of a Language: The Afterlife of a Language
809:
reality of such categories, especially those above the generic name level.
2131:
1746:
801:. It seems reasonable to assume that the form of scientific names we call
5599:
5450:
5356:
5344:
5305:
5283:
5174:
5063:
5008:
4831:
4630:
4090:
4043:
4002:
3973:
3961:
3904:
3884:
3846:
3807:
3580:
3271:
2892:
2852:
2786:
2765:
2739:("What's In a Name?" Chapbook Series; 2.) Sioux City, Ia.: Schütz Verlag.
1526:
1097:
1089:
1078:
1062:
967:
943:
840:
467:
459:
436:
so, in some way, they mirror or represent the objects of our experience.
270:
239:
231:
177:
1474:
includes an appendix (Appendix C) detailing problems of nomenclature in
930:. In England prior to the Norman invasion of 1066, small communities of
5455:
5197:
5169:
4637:
4265:
4020:
3967:
3926:
3775:
3749:
3700:
3291:
2847:
1709:
Languages in the world: how history culture and politics shape language
1124:
1093:
1066:
1025:
959:
860:
387:
1974:
Hopwood, Tindell A. 1959. "The
Development of Pre-Linnaean Taxonomy."
1150:
In a strictly scientific sense, nomenclature is regarded as a part of
5366:
5241:
4351:
3797:
3371:
1399:
1005:
963:
863:. It is names as nouns that are the building blocks of nomenclature.
150:
2079:"The Hunting of the SNaRC: A Snarky Solution to the Species Problem"
1912:
6:1–71 (English ed.), edited by M. Mauss. London: Cohen & West.
2519:
Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, Sections A, B, C, D, E, F, and H
200:, while the way humans mentally structure the world in relation to
5316:
5045:
5031:
5027:
2857:
1432:
1407:
1120:
1054:
1048:
852:
836:
575:
561:
553:
383:
363:
286:
263:
154:
27:
System of names or terms in a particular field of arts or sciences
1028:
like "he", "it", "which", and "those" stand in place of nouns in
581:
wild and cultivated plants (whether they are managed or not); and
2399:
Describing Species: Practical Taxonomic Procedure for Biologists
1174:
1116:
931:
856:
831:
of things; or a single thing, either uniquely or within a given
822:
818:
584:
571:
567:
433:
367:
333:
295:
193:
173:
5401:
5397:
3645:
3436:
An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language
2790:
2292:
Illustrated Dictionary of Place Names: United States and Canada
1228:
International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
246:(the derivation, history and use of names) as revealed through
1419:, defines a large number of technical terms used in chemistry.
827:
A name is a label for any noun: names can identify a class or
429:
141:
82:
2774:
The application of unified labeling or naming conventions in
2638:
Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature, Definitive Rules 1997.
2507:
Westmead, Sydney: RCPA Haematology QAP. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
1012:, they refer to groups, even when they are inflected for the
138:
79:
2557:
Nomenclature of inorganic chemistry II: recommendations 2000
1811:, and Dennis E. Breedlove. 1971. "The Origins of Taxonomy."
1096:, the study of proper names of villages, towns and citties;
318:, which can also indicate a provider or announcer of names.
2477:
International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (PhyloCode)
1833:
New Haven, CT: Yale University Department of Anthropology.
587:(whether they are considered to be a nuisance or not), etc.
135:
123:
117:
91:
76:
67:
64:
55:
2749:
2612:
Compendium of Chemical Terminology, IUPAC Recommendations.
2014:
Morris, B. 1984. "The Pragmatics of Folk Classification."
643:
The levels, moving from the most to least inclusive, are:
196:
embedded in different languages, connects nomenclature to
30:"Nomenclatura" redirects here. For the Soviet elites, see
1721:
Benesty, Jacob, M. Mohan Sondhi, and Yiteng Huang. 2008.
1512:
International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
1108:, the study of proper names of mountains and hills, etc.
1238:
International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants
1381:: the two publications containing the rules for naming
974:
names) are informal names used mostly between friends.
2737:
Names' Names: A Descriptive and Prescriptive Onymicon.
1991:
Naming Nature: The Clash Between Instinct and Science.
1666:
Names' Names: A Descriptive and Prescriptive Onymicon.
1092:, the study of proper names of regions and countries;
382:). However, they are favored as separate languages by
350:
conventions that are used for the formation of names.
2711:
An Alphabetical Guide to the Language of Name Studies
2690:
Prosopography Approaches and Applications: A Handbook
129:
126:
114:
88:
70:
52:
2662:
The Smithsonian/NASA Astrophysics Data System. 1978
2276:
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names
523:
can be illustrated through the Western tradition of
410:, are considered to be the same language due to the
132:
73:
5618:
5474:
5435:
5190:
5162:
5044:
4955:
4936:
4869:
4758:
4668:
4576:
4494:
4456:
4433:
4350:
4297:
4264:
4179:
4146:
4063:
4052:
3947:
3877:
3758:
3732:
3683:
3548:
3397:
3249:
3086:
2833:
2640:
3rd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
2614:
2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
2594:
Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry
466:; as well as the relationship between names, their
192:. The use of names, as the many different kinds of
120:
111:
61:
58:
2538:A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
2077:Mishler, Brent D.; Wilkins, John S. (March 2018).
1100:, the study of proper names of streets and roads;
1454:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
1363:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
1233:International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes
1209:was rapidly adopted after the publication of his
1000:is that proper names denote a unique entity e.g.
354:Influence of social, political, religious factors
500:" Formal systems of scientific nomenclature and
370:are both closely related, mutually intelligible
2625:Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents.
428:Names provide us with a way of structuring and
2693:. Oxford: Unit for Prosopographical Research.
2474:Cantino, Philip D.; de Queiroz, Kevin (2020).
1633:Nomenclature – definitions from Dictionary.com
165:used in scientific and any other disciplines.
5413:
3657:
2802:
2781:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/10/125
1609:(18th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1243:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
1104:, the study of proper names of water bodies;
875:
8:
2653:. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
2555:Connelly Neil G., McCleverty Jon A. (2001).
2207:Glossary of linguistic terms: what is a noun
1977:Proceedings of the Linnaean Society (London)
1452:. These systems can be accessed through the
1136:Nomenclature, classification, identification
733:) the name usually consists of a noun (like
312:refers to a list of names, as does the word
2750:International Council of Onomastic Sciences
2664:Symbols, units and nomenclature in physics.
2380:. London: Elsevier Academic Press. p. 552.
2220:
2083:Philosophy, Theory, and Practice in Biology
595:frames this interpretation through either "
305:
299:
289:
168:Naming "things" is a part of general human
5420:
5406:
5398:
4952:
4430:
4060:
3664:
3650:
3642:
3526:Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language
2809:
2795:
2787:
2714:. Lanham and London: The Scarecrow Press.
2480:. CRC Press. p. Boca Raton, Florida.
1398:, contains recommendations for the use of
1061:(ὄνομα, 'name'). So we have, for example,
2651:Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature
2559:. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry.
2452:NC-ICBMB & Webb, Edwin C.(eds) 1992.
2104:
2094:
1936:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
1606:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
390:respectively, as seen in the context of
2401:. New YorK: Columbia University Press.
1957:Princeton: Princeton University Press.
1906:. 1963. "Primitive Classifications ."
1552:
226:(concerned with human names, including
2030:Guasparri, Andrea (14 February 2022).
1800:
1798:
1730:Springer handbook of speech processing
394:resulting in the violence of the 1947
2324:
2322:
1864:
1862:
1468:: the classic English translation of
1158:(worldwide-accepted sets of rules on
7:
2232:
1361:in general. It is maintained by the
5626:International scientific vocabulary
2671:93(1–2):1–60. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
2359:(6th ed.) Oxford: Clarenden Press.
1789:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1752:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
835:. Names are given, for example, to
2435:. New York: Columbia Press. p.10.
2048:10.5252/anthropozoologica2022v57a2
1770:Australasian Journal of Philosophy
1357:and for describing the science of
1286:Global Medical Device Nomenclature
1271:– international standard on human
25:
2599:Blackwell Scientific Publications
2543:Blackwell Scientific Publications
2357:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
2337:Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy
2187:Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5646:
4312:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2120:Laurin, Michel (3 August 2023).
2096:10.3998/ptpbio.16039257.0010.001
1724:Separate Language Versus Dialect
1565:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
1331:International Astronomical Union
727:). When made up of two words (a
242:(the study of place names); and
107:
48:
1735:Springer Science+Business Media
1486:symbols, units and nomenclature
1312:astronomical naming conventions
1305:Astronomical naming conventions
926:(if given then), or simply the
440:Names, words, language, meaning
412:pan-Islamism religious identity
5545:Language-for-specific-purposes
3466:Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
2204:Loos, Eugene E., et al. 2003.
1672:2.) Sioux City: Schütz Verlag.
180:: it is an aspect of everyday
1:
3347:Principle of compositionality
2418:Lawrence, George H. M. 1951.
1247:Virus nomenclature – used in
978:Common names and proper names
870:is possibly derived from the
222:and their origins, includes:
3496:Philosophical Investigations
2422:. New York: Macmillan. p. 3.
1767:. 1981. "What's in a name?"
872:Proto-Indo-European language
304:('to call'). The Latin term
5636:List of online dictionaries
3337:Modality (natural language)
2772:Ontology Naming Conventions
2735:Scheetz, George H. (1988).
2420:Taxonomy of Vascular Plants
2158:Online Etymology Dictionary
1884:, Dennis E. Breedlove, and
1817:174(4015):1210–13. p. 1210.
322:Onomastics and nomenclature
5697:
4975:Imperial, royal, and noble
3476:Language, Truth, and Logic
3216:Theological noncognitivism
3101:Contrast theory of meaning
3096:Causal theory of reference
2827:Index of language articles
2376:Simpson, Michael G. 2006.
2106:2027/spo.16039257.0010.001
1692:Edinburgh University Press
1449:Pure and Applied Chemistry
1342:
1302:
1194:
1139:
1076:
1046:
981:
895:
816:
485:
443:
421:
325:
29:
5644:
5382:
5059:Imperial, royal and noble
3616:
3561:Philosophy of information
3161:Mediated reference theory
2824:
2500:Rozenberg, Gillian 2004.
2397:Winston, Judith E. 1999.
1706:, and Phillip M. Carter.
1664:Scheetz, George H. 1988.
1567:(3rd ed.). Longman.
1431:(in association with the
1406:(in association with the
1263:Phylogenetic nomenclature
1160:biological classification
723:) and 'particular kind' (
647:"unique beginner" — e.g.
506:biological classification
3900:Maiden and married names
3486:Two Dogmas of Empiricism
2456:London: Academic Press.
1755:. Retrieved: 2009-09-23.
1441:macromolecular chemistry
1146:Identification (biology)
992:The distinction between
446:Proper name (philosophy)
5681:Linguistics terminology
5676:Scientific nomenclature
5387:Category:Lists of names
3287:Use–mention distinction
3131:Direct reference theory
2627:London: Portland Press.
2253:McFarland & Company
2195:. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
2017:Journal of Ethnobiology
1891:American Anthropologist
1853:Journal of Ethnobiology
1792:. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
1219:biological nomenclature
1197:Biological nomenclature
1131:Scientific nomenclature
876:
707:"varietal name" — e.g.
696:"specific name" — e.g.
546:(nature of life cycle);
260:biological nomenclature
252:descriptive linguistics
198:theoretical linguistics
5631:List of lexicographers
4317:Eritrean and Ethiopian
3221:Theory of descriptions
3156:Linguistic determinism
2818:Philosophy of language
2685:Keats-Rohan, Katharine
2431:Stuessy, Tod F. 2008.
1353:is a system of naming
1326:Meteorite nomenclature
1321:Planetary nomenclature
1269:Terminologia Anatomica
1065:name bodies of water,
910:, also referred to as
787:giant stinking hogweed
677:"generic name" — e.g.
510:classification systems
424:Philosophy of language
306:
300:
290:
210:philosophy of language
5560:Monolingual learner's
5247:Galton–Watson process
4852:Ancient Tamil country
4274:Australian Aboriginal
3332:Mental representation
3267:Linguistic relativity
3151:Inquisitive semantics
2783:Retrieved 2010-01-11.
2756:American Name Society
2752:Retrieved 2009-09-23.
2708:Room, Adrian (1996).
2503:Red Cell Nomenclature
2211:Retrieved 2009-09-23.
2184:The Grammar of Names.
2132:10.1201/9781003092827
1989:Yoon, Carol K. 2009.
1953:Berlin, Brent. 1992.
1850:Balee, William 1993.
1704:Andresen, Julie Tetel
1668:("What's In a Name?"
1522:Controlled vocabulary
1517:British Approved Name
1500:archaeological record
1282:Red Cell Nomenclature
1207:binomial nomenclature
1156:codes of nomenclature
803:binomial nomenclature
492:Binomial nomenclature
476:structure of language
418:Cultural nomenclature
392:Hindu-Muslim conflict
359:considered the same.
5014:Post-nominal letters
4133:Indigenous Taiwanese
3516:Naming and Necessity
3426:De Arte Combinatoria
3225:Definite description
3186:Semantic externalism
2776:ontology engineering
1995:W.W. Norton & Co
1909:L'Année Sociologique
1476:weights and measures
1437:analytical chemistry
1273:anatomic terminology
1249:Virus classification
962:or occasionally the
616:Ethnographic studies
601:Bronislaw Malinowski
372:Hindustani languages
332:The study of proper
285:is derived from the
5600:Spelling dictionary
5510:Defining vocabulary
5374:Surnames by country
4999:Pre-nominal letters
4056:Surnames by country
3566:Philosophical logic
3556:Analytic philosophy
3362:Sense and reference
3241:Verification theory
3196:Situation semantics
2597:(3rd ed.). Oxford:
2308:Powell, Margaret S.
1404:physical quantities
1387:inorganic compounds
1254:Enzyme nomenclature
884:refers to names as
658:"life form" — e.g.
605:Claude Lévi-Strauss
504:are exemplified by
5652:Linguistics portal
5485:Advanced learner's
5237:Endonym and exonym
5180:Calendar of saints
5163:Related traditions
4937:Manners of address
4299:Sub-Saharan Africa
3720:Nobiliary particle
3416:Port-Royal Grammar
3312:Family resemblance
3231:Theory of language
3206:Supposition theory
2353:Onions, Charles T.
2223:, p. 164-165.
2089:(20220112): 1–18.
1930:Levy-Bruhl, Lucien
1827:Conklin, Harold C.
1814:Science New Series
1355:chemical compounds
1351:IUPAC nomenclature
1345:IUPAC nomenclature
1142:Taxonomy (biology)
1039:for common names.
1016:e.g. "committee".
970:(sometimes called
886:lexical categories
874:hypothesised word
855:names—and even to
396:Partition of India
5658:
5657:
5395:
5394:
5323:Personal identity
5158:
5157:
4865:
4864:
4806:
4754:
4753:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4659:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4619:
4567:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4419:
4412:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4086:
3878:By life situation
3831:
3639:
3638:
3141:Dynamic semantics
2766:Namingschemes.com
2462:978-0-12-227165-6
2407:978-0-231-06825-3
2386:978-0-12-644460-5
2378:Plant Systematics
2365:978-0-19-923324-3
2341:Oliver & Boyd
2333:Vernon H. Heywood
2288:Harder, Kelsie B.
2261:978-0-7864-0172-7
2251:. Jefferson, NC:
2193:978-0-19-929741-2
2179:Anderson, John M.
2141:978-1-003-09282-7
2036:Anthropozoologica
2003:978-0-393-06197-0
1963:978-0-691-09469-4
1934:How Natives Think
1918:978-0-226-17334-4
1616:978-0-521-15255-6
1574:978-1-4058-8118-0
1532:Naming convention
1288:(GMDN) – used in
1278:Gene nomenclature
1211:Species Plantarum
1057:, from the Greek
432:the world in our
16:(Redirected from
5688:
5650:
5550:Machine-readable
5422:
5415:
5408:
5399:
5208:Anthropomorphism
4953:
4901:Buddhist surname
4802:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4657:Hispanic America
4655:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4563:
4534:
4527:
4522:African-American
4520:
4513:
4431:
4415:
4408:
4379:Ashkenazi Jewish
4184:and Western Asia
4149:and Central Asia
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4061:
3922:Placeholder name
3827:
3771:Double-barrelled
3666:
3659:
3652:
3643:
3601:Formal semantics
3549:Related articles
3541:
3531:
3521:
3511:
3501:
3491:
3481:
3471:
3461:
3451:
3441:
3431:
3421:
3411:
3181:Relevance theory
3176:Phallogocentrism
2811:
2804:
2797:
2788:
2725:
2704:
2672:
2660:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2634:
2628:
2621:
2615:
2608:
2602:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2552:
2546:
2533:
2527:
2514:
2508:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2471:
2465:
2450:
2444:
2429:
2423:
2416:
2410:
2395:
2389:
2374:
2368:
2350:
2344:
2326:
2317:
2305:
2299:
2285:
2279:
2269:
2263:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2221:Keats-Rohan 2007
2218:
2212:
2202:
2196:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2098:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2027:
2021:
2012:
2006:
1987:
1981:
1972:
1966:
1951:
1945:
1927:
1921:
1901:
1895:
1879:
1873:
1866:
1857:
1848:
1842:
1824:
1818:
1802:
1793:
1780:
1774:
1762:
1756:
1744:
1738:
1719:
1713:
1701:
1695:
1679:
1673:
1662:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1557:
1010:Collective nouns
879:
791:hammerhead shark
713:butter lima bean
619:human instinct.
514:nested hierarchy
311:
303:
293:
267:scientific names
262:that govern the
148:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
128:
125:
122:
119:
116:
113:
106:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
63:
60:
57:
54:
47:
21:
5696:
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5691:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5661:
5660:
5659:
5654:
5640:
5614:
5470:
5438:reference works
5431:
5426:
5396:
5391:
5378:
5213:Personification
5186:
5154:
5040:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4928:Theophoric name
4861:
4766:
4750:
4664:
4572:
4490:
4452:
4429:
4358:
4346:
4293:
4260:
4183:
4175:
4148:
4142:
4054:
4048:
3943:
3910:Posthumous name
3873:
3754:
3728:
3679:
3670:
3640:
3635:
3612:
3591:School of Names
3544:
3539:
3529:
3519:
3509:
3506:Of Grammatology
3499:
3489:
3479:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3439:
3429:
3419:
3409:
3393:
3245:
3191:Semantic holism
3171:Non-cognitivism
3111:Conventionalism
3082:
2829:
2820:
2815:
2746:
2732:
2730:Further reading
2722:
2707:
2701:
2683:
2680:
2675:
2661:
2657:
2648:
2644:
2635:
2631:
2622:
2618:
2609:
2605:
2590:
2586:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2534:
2530:
2515:
2511:
2499:
2495:
2488:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2451:
2447:
2430:
2426:
2417:
2413:
2396:
2392:
2375:
2371:
2351:
2347:
2329:Davis, Peter H.
2327:
2320:
2316:38(1/2):49–141.
2306:
2302:
2286:
2282:
2270:
2266:
2243:
2239:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2215:
2203:
2199:
2177:
2173:
2164:
2162:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2013:
2009:
1988:
1984:
1973:
1969:
1952:
1948:
1928:
1924:
1904:Durkheim, Emile
1902:
1898:
1880:
1876:
1867:
1860:
1849:
1845:
1825:
1821:
1805:Raven, Peter H.
1803:
1796:
1781:
1777:
1763:
1759:
1745:
1741:
1720:
1716:
1702:
1698:
1680:
1676:
1670:Chapbook Series
1663:
1659:
1652:
1648:
1639:
1637:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1508:
1471:De re metallica
1462:
1347:
1341:
1307:
1301:
1290:medical devices
1215:Systema Naturae
1199:
1193:
1148:
1140:Main articles:
1138:
1133:
1081:
1075:
1051:
1045:
990:
982:Main articles:
980:
904:
896:Main articles:
894:
825:
817:Main articles:
815:
813:Names and nouns
597:utilitarianists
578:(growth habit);
564:(culinary use);
494:
486:Main articles:
484:
452:
444:Main articles:
442:
426:
420:
408:Lebanese Arabic
400:Moroccan Arabic
356:
330:
324:
279:
218:, the study of
208:relates to the
110:
101:
100:
87:
51:
42:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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5684:
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5655:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5639:
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5633:
5628:
5622:
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5615:
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5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
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5582:
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5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
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5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5481:
5479:
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5471:
5469:
5468:
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5458:
5453:
5448:
5442:
5440:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5402:
5393:
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5380:
5379:
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5371:
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5369:
5364:
5359:
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5352:
5337:
5332:
5331:
5330:
5320:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5296:
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5286:
5281:
5280:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5261:
5260:
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5229:
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5220:
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5160:
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5155:
5153:
5152:
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5150:
5145:
5143:Ecclesiastical
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5086:
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5071:
5066:
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5050:
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5036:
5035:
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4995:
4994:
4993:
4992:
4990:Ecclesiastical
4982:
4977:
4972:
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4959:
4950:
4934:
4933:
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4930:
4925:
4920:
4919:
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4908:
4903:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4879:Christian name
4875:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4774:
4772:
4769:Southeast Asia
4756:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4743:
4738:
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4728:
4723:
4718:
4717:
4716:
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4702:
4693:Eastern Slavic
4690:
4685:
4680:
4674:
4672:
4666:
4665:
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4662:
4661:
4660:
4648:
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4642:
4641:
4634:
4627:
4620:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4582:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4568:
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4551:
4546:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4506:
4500:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4439:
4437:
4428:
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4422:
4421:
4420:
4413:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4303:
4301:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4163:
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4150:
4144:
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4017:
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4010:
4000:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3971:
3964:
3958:
3956:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
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3875:
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3872:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3854:
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3832:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
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3755:
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3742:
3736:
3734:
3730:
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3726:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3712:
3698:
3693:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3673:Personal names
3671:
3669:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3532:
3522:
3512:
3502:
3492:
3482:
3472:
3462:
3452:
3442:
3432:
3422:
3412:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3342:Presupposition
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3121:Deconstruction
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3092:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2769:
2763:
2753:
2745:
2744:External links
2742:
2741:
2740:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2720:
2705:
2699:
2687:, ed. (2007).
2679:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2655:
2642:
2629:
2616:
2603:
2584:
2572:
2565:
2547:
2528:
2524:Pergamon Press
2509:
2493:
2486:
2466:
2445:
2433:Plant Taxonomy
2424:
2411:
2390:
2369:
2345:
2318:
2300:
2280:
2272:Ekwall, Eilert
2264:
2237:
2225:
2213:
2197:
2171:
2147:
2140:
2112:
2069:
2022:
2007:
1982:
1967:
1946:
1922:
1896:
1886:Peter H. Raven
1874:
1858:
1843:
1819:
1794:
1775:
1757:
1739:
1714:
1696:
1674:
1657:
1646:
1622:
1615:
1580:
1573:
1561:Wells, John C.
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1489:
1479:
1461:
1460:Other sciences
1458:
1421:
1420:
1411:
1390:
1343:Main article:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1303:Main article:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1266:
1256:
1251:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1195:Main article:
1192:
1189:
1181:Identification
1170:classification
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1077:Main article:
1074:
1071:
1047:Main article:
1044:
1041:
1022:abstract nouns
1018:Concrete nouns
979:
976:
924:baptismal name
908:personal names
893:
892:Personal names
890:
814:
811:
717:
716:
709:baby lima bean
705:
694:
675:
656:
641:
640:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
589:
588:
582:
579:
565:
558:culinary herbs
547:
502:classification
483:
480:
441:
438:
422:Main article:
419:
416:
378:and the other
355:
352:
344:cultural areas
326:Main article:
323:
320:
278:
275:
228:personal names
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5693:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
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5653:
5649:
5643:
5637:
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5608:
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5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5439:
5434:
5430:
5423:
5418:
5416:
5411:
5409:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5381:
5375:
5372:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5324:
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5319:
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5230:
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5209:
5206:
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5199:
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5193:
5189:
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5161:
5149:
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5140:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
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5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
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5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5090:
5087:
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5075:
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5067:
5065:
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5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4966:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4935:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4923:Mandaean name
4921:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4884:Biblical name
4882:
4881:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4658:
4654:
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4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4639:
4635:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4566:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4530:
4526:
4523:
4519:
4516:
4512:
4511:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4423:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4410:Ancient Greek
4407:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4357:
4356:North America
4353:
4349:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4147:Northern Asia
4145:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3997:Nom de guerre
3994:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:Personal name
3682:
3678:
3674:
3667:
3662:
3660:
3655:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:Scholasticism
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:Structuralism
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3126:Descriptivism
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3106:Contrastivism
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2807:
2805:
2800:
2798:
2793:
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2789:
2782:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2721:9780810831698
2717:
2713:
2712:
2706:
2702:
2700:9781900934121
2696:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2591:IUPAC. 2007.
2588:
2585:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2568:
2566:0-85404-487-6
2562:
2558:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2535:IUPAC. 1993.
2532:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2516:IUPAC. 1979.
2513:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2441:0-231-06784-4
2438:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2339:. Edinburgh:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2161:
2159:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2126:. CRC Press.
2125:
2124:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1942:0-691-02034-5
1939:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1882:Berlin, Brent
1878:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1856:13(1):144–47.
1855:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1839:0-913516-02-3
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1809:Berlin, Brent
1806:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1690:. Edinburgh:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1682:Matras, Yaron
1678:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1647:
1636:
1634:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1589:Jones, Daniel
1584:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1306:
1298:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1185:determination
1182:
1178:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1143:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1083:Toponyms are
1080:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1002:London Bridge
999:
995:
989:
985:
977:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
940:Scandinavians
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
903:
902:Personal name
899:
891:
889:
887:
883:
878:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
839:or any other
838:
834:
830:
824:
820:
812:
810:
806:
804:
800:
799:Homer Simpson
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
731:
726:
722:
714:
710:
706:
703:
699:
695:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
654:
650:
646:
645:
644:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
623:
622:
621:
620:
617:
613:
611:
610:ethnotaxonomy
606:
602:
598:
594:
586:
583:
580:
577:
573:
569:
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
548:
545:
541:
537:
534:
533:
532:
530:
526:
522:
521:Folk taxonomy
518:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
493:
489:
488:Folk taxonomy
482:Folk taxonomy
481:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
451:
447:
439:
437:
435:
431:
425:
417:
415:
413:
409:
405:
404:Yemeni Arabic
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
362:For example,
360:
353:
351:
347:
345:
341:
340:
335:
329:
321:
319:
317:
316:
310:
309:
302:
297:
292:
288:
284:
276:
274:
272:
268:
265:
261:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
211:
207:
203:
202:word meanings
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:communication
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
146:
104:
96:
45:
39:
33:
19:
18:Nomenclatural
5590:Single-field
5525:Etymological
5520:Encyclopedic
5500:Biographical
5477:dictionaries
5429:Lexicography
5362:Signum manus
5350:Royal cypher
5315:
5300:Nomen nescio
5298:
5294:Nomenclature
5293:
5289:Naming taboo
5101:Professional
4944:of authority
4894:Saint's name
4559:Scandinavian
4181:Muslim world
4019:
3995:
3966:
3818:Occupational
3677:anthroponymy
3534:
3524:
3514:
3504:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3464:
3444:
3434:
3424:
3414:
3404:
3386:
3327:Metalanguage
3322:Logical form
3277:Truth-bearer
3236:Unilalianism
3146:Expressivism
2973:Wittgenstein
2918:von Humboldt
2835:Philosophers
2736:
2710:
2689:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2649:IUPAC 1991.
2645:
2637:
2636:IUPAC 1998.
2632:
2624:
2623:IUPAC 1992.
2619:
2611:
2610:IUPAC 1997.
2606:
2592:
2587:
2575:
2556:
2550:
2536:
2531:
2517:
2512:
2502:
2496:
2476:
2469:
2453:
2448:
2432:
2427:
2419:
2414:
2398:
2393:
2377:
2372:
2356:
2355:, ed. 2007.
2348:
2336:
2311:
2303:
2296:Van Nostrand
2294:. New York:
2291:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2248:
2245:Room, Adrian
2240:
2228:
2216:
2206:
2200:
2183:
2174:
2163:. Retrieved
2157:
2150:
2122:
2115:
2086:
2082:
2072:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2015:
2010:
1990:
1985:
1976:
1970:
1954:
1949:
1933:
1925:
1907:
1899:
1889:
1877:
1869:
1851:
1846:
1830:
1822:
1812:
1787:
1778:
1768:
1760:
1750:
1742:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1686:
1677:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1654:Nomenclature
1649:
1638:. Retrieved
1632:
1625:
1604:
1601:Esling, John
1597:Setter, Jane
1593:Roach, Peter
1583:
1564:
1555:
1542:Nomenklatura
1491:
1481:
1469:
1465:
1447:
1429:biochemistry
1422:
1414:
1393:
1376:
1370:
1350:
1348:
1308:
1205:' system of
1200:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1151:
1149:
1119:characters (
1117:mythological
1110:
1085:proper names
1082:
1058:
1052:
1037:house styles
1034:
1030:noun phrases
998:common names
994:proper names
991:
972:hypocoristic
936:Anglo-Saxons
911:
905:
898:Anthroponymy
881:
867:
865:
826:
807:
798:
794:
790:
786:
783:poison apple
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
729:
724:
720:
718:
712:
708:
701:
697:
690:
686:
682:
678:
671:
667:
663:
659:
652:
648:
642:
614:
593:Ethnobiology
590:
525:horticulture
520:
519:
497:
495:
470:, meanings (
464:proper nouns
456:philosophers
453:
427:
376:sanskritised
361:
357:
348:
337:
336:is known as
331:
313:
308:nomenclatura
283:nomenclature
282:
280:
256:
224:anthroponymy
220:proper names
214:
167:
38:Nomenclature
37:
36:
32:Nomenklatura
5595:Specialized
5565:Multi-field
5530:Explanatory
5461:Phrase book
5335:Proper name
5257:Name change
5111:Educational
5089:Substantive
5028:decorations
4911:Jewish name
4906:Dharma name
4871:By religion
4536:Hongkongese
4361:Australasia
4201:Azerbaijani
3934:Regnal name
3915:Temple name
3745:Middle name
3733:By sequence
3710:Matrilineal
3706:Patrilineal
3571:Linguistics
3536:Limited Inc
3456:On Denoting
3282:Proposition
2933:de Saussure
2898:Ibn Khaldun
2020:4(1):45–60.
1980:170:230–34.
1870:Ethnobotany
1537:Terminology
1492:Archaeology
1113:cartography
1043:-onym nouns
988:Proper name
984:Common name
956:family name
948:second name
912:prosoponyms
474:), and the
374:(one being
315:nomenclator
248:comparative
188:, name and
163:terminology
159:conventions
5665:Categories
5535:Historical
5515:Electronic
5505:Conceptual
5446:Dictionary
5328:Identifier
5311:Onomastics
5252:Legal name
5232:Deadnaming
5128:Diplomatic
5084:Subsidiary
5079:Hereditary
4970:Diplomatic
4889:Papal name
4798:Indonesian
4764:South Asia
4760:Indosphere
4726:Macedonian
4699:Belarusian
4606:Portuguese
4448:Lithuanian
4342:Zimbabwean
4138:Vietnamese
4098:Generation
4065:East Asian
4053:By culture
4027:Stage name
3984:Hypocorism
3949:Pseudonyms
3939:Slave name
3890:Birth name
3842:Teknonymic
3823:Patronymic
3803:Matronymic
3766:Diminutive
3740:First name
3696:Given name
3691:Birth name
3631:Discussion
3626:Task Force
3576:Pragmatics
3367:Speech act
3297:Categories
3211:Symbiosism
3166:Nominalism
3078:Watzlawick
2958:Bloomfield
2878:Chrysippus
2760:onomastics
2579:available
2541:. Oxford:
2522:. Oxford:
2487:0429821352
2165:2008-09-20
1993:New York:
1894:75:214–42.
1773:59:371–86.
1765:Bach, Kent
1737:, p. 798-.
1712:. pp. 7-8.
1640:2007-10-06
1548:References
1466:Metallurgy
1427:exist for
1395:Green Book
928:first name
916:given name
550:vegetables
544:perennials
339:onomastics
328:Onomastics
216:Onomastics
206:experience
5605:Sub-field
5495:Bilingual
5475:Types of
5466:Thesaurus
5436:Types of
5340:Signature
5227:Call sign
5203:Anonymity
5138:Religious
5064:Chivalric
4985:Religious
4980:Judiciary
4965:Honorific
4948:of honour
4847:Sinhalese
4837:Pakistani
4822:Malaysian
4817:Cambodian
4721:Kashubian
4713:Ukrainian
4678:Bulgarian
4617:Praenomen
4554:Icelandic
4425:Hungarian
4226:Pakistani
4161:Mongolian
4015:Ring name
4008:Heteronym
3974:Nicknames
3895:Code name
3847:Toponymic
3837:Sobriquet
3813:Mononymic
3808:Metonymic
3750:Last name
3608:Semiotics
3596:Semantics
3446:Alciphron
3382:Statement
3317:Intension
3257:Ambiguity
3136:Dramatism
3116:Cratylism
2868:Eubulides
2863:Aristotle
2843:Confucius
2668:Physica A
2233:Room 1996
2064:247026295
2056:0761-3032
1932:. 1985.
1784:Reference
1456:(IUPAC).
1425:compendia
1416:Gold Book
1372:Blue Book
1359:chemistry
1339:Chemistry
1299:Astronomy
1259:PhyloCode
1201:Although
1173:names to
1102:hydronymy
1090:choronymy
1063:hydronyms
968:Nicknames
952:last name
866:The word
841:organisms
779:sting ray
755:film star
698:white fir
540:biennials
529:gardening
472:semantics
468:referents
460:linguists
450:Semantics
281:The word
277:Etymology
271:organisms
264:Latinized
244:etymology
236:nicknames
5451:Glossary
5357:Khelrtva
5345:Monogram
5306:Misnomer
5284:Namesake
5218:National
5175:Name day
5133:Judicial
5123:Business
5116:Honorary
5106:Academic
5096:Military
5069:Courtesy
5054:Academic
5019:Academic
5009:Emeritus
4812:Javanese
4793:Filipino
4778:Balinese
4746:Suffixes
4683:Croatian
4646:Romanian
4631:Cognomen
4529:Canadian
4515:American
4496:Germanic
4481:Scottish
4399:Georgian
4389:Estonian
4374:Armenian
4369:Albanian
4327:Ghanaian
4284:Hawaiian
4221:Mandaean
4128:Okinawan
4113:Japanese
4084:Courtesy
4044:Username
4037:Mononyms
4003:Pen name
3989:Monarchs
3962:Art name
3905:Necronym
3885:Aptronym
3798:Eponymic
3759:By trait
3621:Category
3581:Rhetoric
3406:Cratylus
3377:Sentence
3352:Property
3272:Language
3250:Concepts
3088:Theories
3053:Strawson
3038:Davidson
3028:Hintikka
3023:Anscombe
2968:Vygotsky
2923:Mauthner
2893:Averroes
2883:Zhuangzi
2873:Diodorus
2853:Cratylus
2758:Promote
2335:. 1965.
2274:. 1960.
2247:. 1997.
1872:18:4–26.
1684:. 2010.
1603:(eds.).
1591:(2011).
1563:(2008).
1527:Metadata
1506:See also
1496:typology
1423:Similar
1378:Red Book
1375:and the
1203:Linnaeus
1166:Taxonomy
1152:taxonomy
1098:hodonymy
1079:Toponymy
1073:Toponyms
1067:synonyms
1026:Pronouns
1014:singular
944:nickname
920:forename
861:concepts
849:products
829:category
751:sea salt
730:binomial
702:post oak
380:arabised
298:'), and
240:toponymy
232:surnames
190:classify
186:identify
182:taxonomy
178:language
5580:Rhyming
5575:Reverse
5570:Picture
5555:Medical
5490:Anagram
5456:Lexicon
5277:Surname
5198:Acronym
5191:Related
5170:Baptism
4804:Chinese
4788:Burmese
4783:Bengali
4736:Serbian
4706:Russian
4651:Spanish
4638:Agnomen
4601:Occitan
4596:Italian
4586:Catalan
4578:Romance
4565:Swedish
4509:English
4466:Cornish
4443:Latvian
4417:Cypriot
4394:Finnish
4307:Ashanti
4266:Oceania
4256:Turkish
4236:Persian
4231:Pashtun
4206:Bengali
4171:Tibetan
4078:Chinese
4021:Shikona
3927:Notname
3859:Patrial
3852:Surname
3829:Surname
3776:Epithet
3715:Affixes
3701:Surname
3388:more...
3292:Concept
3033:Dummett
3008:Gadamer
3003:Chomsky
2988:Derrida
2978:Russell
2963:Bergson
2948:Tillich
2908:Leibniz
2848:Gorgias
2678:Sources
1694:. p. 5.
1482:Physics
1445:journal
1400:symbols
1383:organic
1191:Biology
1125:Neptune
1106:oronymy
1094:econymy
960:surname
851:—as in
833:context
795:Simpson
747:lap dog
725:species
691:catfish
599:" like
536:annuals
430:mapping
388:Muslims
149:) is a
5671:Naming
5610:Visual
5367:Tughra
5272:Middle
5242:Family
5046:Titles
5032:medals
5030:, and
5024:Orders
5004:Suffix
4957:Styles
4916:Hebrew
4842:Sindhi
4827:Indian
4741:Slovak
4731:Polish
4670:Slavic
4591:French
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