590:. Father Rale was widely suspected of inciting the tribe against English colonists because their settlements and blockhouses encroached on Abenaki land (and so uncomfortably close to Quebec), but also because they were Protestant and therefore heretics. Governor Dudley put a price on his head. In the winter of 1705, 275 English colonial militia under the command of Colonel Winthrop Hilton were dispatched to seize Rale and sack the village. Warned in time, the priest escaped into the woods with his papers, but the militia burned the village and church.
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786:. Norridgewock women and children ran from houses to swim or ford across the river and up into the woods. In the confusion, about 60 braves fired guns wildly but did little harm. At that point the militia, ordered to withhold fire until after the enemy's first volley, took aim—with deadly effect. The warriors fired again, then fled across the river, leaving 26 dead and 14 wounded. Bomazeen (or Bomaseen), the
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855:. Another site, located nearer the confluence of the two rivers in Starks, also yielded evidence of habitation during the Late Woodland period. This site showed evidence of repeated flooding, suggesting that the habitation areas were later moved to the higher grounds of Tracy Farm and Old Point. These three sites were collectively designated a
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Starks, on the west side of the
Kennebec. This site was first professionally excavated in 1983, with finds matching historical descriptions of very early references to Norridgewock. Extensive excavation in 1990 collected 15,000 artifacts from the Late Woodland and early contact periods, and identified the site of at least one
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who signed them often believed they were only granting the right to use the land for hunting, fishing or safe passage. The French insisted that the sachems were not empowered to sell land, since the
Abenaki territory belonged to the entire tribe. France and England were at peace, and New France could
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on July 18, 1694, for the Oyster River
Massacre, was shot fording the Kennebec at a place thereafter called Bomazeen Rips. From a cabin, old Chief Mogg shot one of the Mohawks, whose brother then shot him. Meanwhile, from another cabin Father Rale was firing at the militia. Refusing to surrender, he
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at
Taconic Falls. One of the Mohawks, a brave named Christian, slipped back to set the village and church on fire, then rejoined the militia. The 150 survivors of Norridgewock returned the next day to bury the dead. Subsequently, most abandoned the area and, "in deplorable condition", relocated to
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But their acceptance of
English settlers faded as Rale instigated the tribe against the encroachment of houses and blockhouses that followed trading posts. He taught the Abenaki that their territory should be held in trust for their children. On July 28, 1721, 250 Abenakis in 90 canoes delivered a
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in 1973 as "Old Point and
Sebastian Rale Monument", recognizing not just the site itself, but also the placement of a commemorative marker at the site in 1833. A second site called Tracy Farm is located about 500 metres (1,600 ft) north of the confluence of the Sandy and Kennebec Rivers in
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477:. The chapel burned in 1705, but it was replaced with a church in 1720. It stood twenty paces outside the east gate, and measured 60 feet (18 m) long by 25 feet (7.6 m) wide, with an 18-foot (5.5 m) ceiling. Forty Abenaki youths in
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Archaeological investigation of the Old Point area has identified three separate areas that are historically associated with the appellation "Norridgewock". The principal site at Old Point has long been well documented, and was listed on the
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Matteo
Binasco. "Few, Uncooperative, and Endangered: The Troubled Activity of the Roman Catholic missionaries in Acadia (1610-1710)", in Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society, Journal, vol.10 (2007), pp. 147–162.
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637:. Terms of the treaty required that the French yield Acadia to the English. The boundary of Acadia remained in dispute. The two nations disagreed, and consequently imperial boundaries between Quebec and the
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704:. They discovered the village almost deserted, with the gates wide open. The tribe was gone hunting. Troops searched for Rale but found only his papers, including letters from New France Governor-general
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in Quebec. A few years later, however, many survivors returned to the Upper
Kennebec from their refuge in Quebec, and a Jesuit missionary, Jacques de Sirenne, was assigned to their spiritual care.
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Speaking the
Abenaki language fluently, Father Rale immersed himself in Indian affairs. His "astonishing influence over their minds" raised suspicions that he was inciting hostility toward the
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In retaliation, there was a bounty put on Father Rale. Finding the village deserted in the winter of 1705 because its occupants, including Rale had been warned of an impending attack, Colonel
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arranged a conference with tribal representatives in 1703 to propose that they remain neutral. On the contrary, however, the
Norridgewock tribe in August joined a larger force of
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Archaeological evidence has identified several different sites associated with the settlement known as Norridgewock. The last one, where the French Jesuit priest
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The site of the Norridgewock Native American village in Maine, in what is now Madison. The rock at the side of the road bears a plaque marking the site.
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for Abenaki raids on English colonial settlements. The tribe retaliated for the invasion by attacking settlements below them on the Kennebec, burning
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and other skins could be exchanged for cheap goods following a journey of one or two days, when travel to Quebec up the Kennebec, with its rapids and
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Abenaki couple, an 18th-century watercolor by an unknown artist. Courtesy of the City of Montreal Records Management & Archives, Montreal, Quebec
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281:. During colonial times, this area was territory disputed between British and French colonists, and was set along the claimed western border of
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on June 13, 1722. Some of the raids were accompanied by Rale, who would occasionally allow himself to be seen from houses and blockhouses under
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332:, meaning "people of the still water between the rapids." Their principal village, also called Norridgewock, was located near
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operated by English settlers on their land (though they protested the tendency of the settlers to cheat them). After all,
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Prins, Harald E.L (with B. Bourque), 1987, "Norridgewock: Village Translocation on the New England Acadian Frontier."
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fence, each side 160 feet (49 m) long with a gate at its center. The fort's walls faced the major points of the
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would demonstrate in 1775). English colonists claimed the St. George River because they held deeds, even though the
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broke out, with New France and New England again fighting over the border between New England and Acadia,
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In response, Norridgewock was raided in January 1722 by 300 English colonial militia under Colonel
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rivers. However, Norridgewock Village was considered Quebec's predominant advance guard.
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534:(paramount chief), Bomazeen (or Bomoseen) raided the English colonial settlement of
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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were stored in the cabins. Extensive fields were cleared nearby for cultivation of
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France claimed the Kennebec River because it provided a potential route to invade
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not take overt action against the settlements (and particularly their alarming
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ordered his 275 English colonial militia to burn the village and the church.
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Somerset County, Maine
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
1016:"The Apostle of the Abnakis: Father Sebastian Rale, S.J. (1657-1724)"
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with about 250 Abenakis from Norridgewock under command of their
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In 1713, the Norridgewocks had sought peace with English at the
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National Register of Historic Places in Somerset County, Maine
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Former Native American populated places in the United States
16:"Caniba" redirects here. For the 2017 documentary film, see
1038:"NRHP nomination for Old Point and Sebastian Rale Monument"
774:) and divided, leaving about 80 militiamen including three
1725:
Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine
465:(or Rasle) arrived at Norridgewock to establish a Jesuit
790:, who with Sebastien de Villieu had led 250 Abenakis to
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Norridgewock Village is the setting for the 1836 poem
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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809:. The militia plundered 3 barrels (0.48 m) of
795:was shot through the head while reloading his gun.
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1267:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
238:was the name of both an Indigenous village and a
1059:"Research and Preservation and Norridgewock NHL"
991:"Leneuf de La Vallière de Beaubassin, Alexandre"
277:. The tribe occupied an area in the interior of
1659:National Register of Historic Places portal
1131:. Vol. III. Boston: W.B. Clarke Company.
999:. Vol. II (1701–1740) (online ed.).
974:. Vol. II (1701–1740) (online ed.).
959:
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873:List of National Historic Landmarks in Maine
473:, Rale converted most of the inhabitants to
720:. On July 25, 1722, Massachusetts Governor
1198:
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1166:Norridgewock Indian Village & Monument
937:National Historic Landmark summary listing
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1207:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
328:Norridgewock is a corruption of the word
49:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
927:
925:
641:remained unclear and disputed until the
363:on a plateau within a broad bend of the
58:U.S. National Historic Landmark District
939:. National Park Service. Archived from
894:
383:were beached along the river, although
1089:(1902). "Norridgewock and Louisburg".
906:"National Register Information System"
900:
898:
766:, at about 3:00 pm on August 23, 1724
629:, however, peace was restored between
505:British colonists, whom he considered
32:
1113:. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company.
933:"Norridgewock Archeological District"
724:declared war on the eastern Indians.
304:. Other sites are located nearby in
7:
911:National Register of Historic Places
861:National Register of Historic Places
848:National Register of Historic Places
314:Norridgewock Archaeological District
119:
94:
857:National Historic Landmark District
526:, on July 18, 1694, French soldier
318:National Historic Landmark District
41:Norridgewock Archeological District
1622:National Historic Preservation Act
1125:Sylvester, Herbert Milton (1910).
652:, and accepted the convenience of
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996:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
971:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
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1715:First Nations history in Quebec
1700:Native American tribes in Maine
801:of the dead were collected for
600:Northeast Coast Campaign (1703)
296:had a mission, is today called
1695:Pre-statehood history of Maine
1575:Federated States of Micronesia
1221:Architectural style categories
1161:History of Norridgewock, Maine
1020:The Catholic Historical Review
758:Detail of the memorial plaque.
580:Alexandre Leneuf de Beaubassin
489:. In a 1722 letter written to
201:
23:For the present-day town, see
1:
1095:. Houghton Mifflin. pp.
778:under the command of Captain
728:Battle of Norridgewock (1724)
639:Province of Massachusetts Bay
127:Show map of the United States
308:and the present-day town of
30:United States historic place
1705:French and Indian War forts
1001:University of Toronto Press
976:University of Toronto Press
696:Raid on Norridgewock (1722)
627:Treaty of Portsmouth (1713)
610:Raid on Norridgewock (1705)
606:on August 10 and 11, 1703.
528:Claude-Sébastien de Villieu
1751:
1627:Historic Preservation Fund
1606:American Legation, Morocco
1128:Indian Wars of New England
1121:, No. 33, pp. 137–58.
1110:A Half-Century of Conflict
1092:New France and New England
989:Comeau, J.-Roger (1979) .
964:Charland, Thomas (1979) .
731:
285:, the western bank of the
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1568:Lists by associated state
1156:History of Madison, Maine
993:. In Hayne, David (ed.).
968:. In Hayne, David (ed.).
742:Indian warrior with scalp
664:, required over 15 days.
200:NRHP reference
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1549:Northern Mariana Islands
588:Northeast Coast Campaign
1064:. National Park Service
1040:. National Park Service
840:John Greenleaf Whittier
246:("People of the Dawn")
1720:Somerset County, Maine
1544:Minor Outlying Islands
1527:Lists by insular areas
1241:Keeper of the Register
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734:Battle of Norridgewock
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1171:Saint Francis Mission
916:National Park Service
792:Durham, New Hampshire
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536:Durham, New Hampshire
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176:44.76694°N 69.88333°W
1710:Algonquian ethnonyms
1601:District of Columbia
1119:Man in the Northeast
676:An incendiary attack
650:Treaty of Portsmouth
594:Raid on Wells (1703)
518:Raid on Oyster River
324:Norridgewock village
300:, and is located in
226:Designated NHLD
1690:Abenaki communities
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181:44.76694; -69.88333
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351:44.767°N 69.8833°W
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1138:978-0-7884-1079-6
966:"Rale, Sébastien"
918:. April 15, 2008.
859:and added to the
764:Father Rale's War
668:Father Rale's War
623:Treaty of Utrecht
475:Roman Catholicism
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75:Old Point in 1849
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1508:West Virginia
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572:Joseph Dudley
569:
568:Massachusetts
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263:United States
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254:, an Eastern
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252:First Nations
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218:Added to NRHP
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18:Caniba (film)
1473:South Dakota
1463:Rhode Island
1458:Pennsylvania
1438:North Dakota
1127:
1118:
1109:
1091:
1066:. Retrieved
1053:
1042:. Retrieved
1032:
1023:
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984:
969:
945:. Retrieved
941:the original
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761:
722:Samuel Shute
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690:Samuel Shute
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582:, to attack
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471:medicine men
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448:missionaries
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330:Nanrantsouak
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310:Norridgewock
297:
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236:Norridgewock
235:
234:
141:Norridgewock
1594:Other areas
1554:Puerto Rico
1388:Mississippi
1303:Connecticut
1087:Fiske, John
836:Mogg Megone
441:blockhouses
354: /
179: /
155:Coordinates
1684:Categories
1503:Washington
1423:New Mexico
1418:New Jersey
1293:California
1068:2015-04-27
1044:2015-05-05
947:2008-06-25
884:References
815:whaleboats
710:ammunition
708:promising
683:Georgetown
681:letter at
538:, in the "
503:Protestant
491:John Goffe
485:served as
456:Saint John
342:69°53′00″W
339:44°46′01″N
271:New France
256:Algonquian
1513:Wisconsin
1478:Tennessee
1383:Minnesota
1358:Louisiana
1026:(2): 168.
863:in 1993.
853:longhouse
824:Bécancour
811:gunpowder
714:Brunswick
706:Vaudreuil
645:in 1763.
621:With the
570:Governor
544:garrisons
483:surplices
452:St. Croix
298:Old Point
167:69°53′0″W
164:44°46′1″N
1669:Category
1498:Virginia
1448:Oklahoma
1428:New York
1403:Nebraska
1393:Missouri
1378:Michigan
1368:Maryland
1353:Kentucky
1333:Illinois
1308:Delaware
1298:Colorado
1288:Arkansas
1107:(1893).
889:Endnotes
867:See also
803:bounties
772:Richmond
687:Governor
662:portages
532:sagamore
507:heretics
487:acolytes
479:cassocks
401:pumpkins
369:palisade
275:Kennebec
207:93000606
137:Location
1615:Related
1518:Wyoming
1493:Vermont
1398:Montana
1338:Indiana
1318:Georgia
1313:Florida
1283:Arizona
1273:Alabama
776:Mohawks
762:During
635:England
586:in the
522:During
467:mission
436:sachems
421:oysters
385:paddles
373:compass
302:Madison
261:of the
244:Abenaki
242:of the
1453:Oregon
1408:Nevada
1348:Kansas
1323:Hawaii
1278:Alaska
1214:Topics
1135:
830:Legacy
807:Boston
799:Scalps
788:sachem
784:musket
768:(N. S.
658:beaver
631:France
445:Jesuit
428:Quebec
405:squash
381:Canoes
306:Starks
283:Acadia
267:Canada
147:, and
145:Starks
1585:Palau
1483:Texas
1363:Maine
1328:Idaho
1099:–257.
1080:Texts
1062:(PDF)
718:siege
604:Wells
584:Wells
562:When
417:clams
413:seals
397:beans
393:wheat
389:maize
377:cross
279:Maine
259:tribe
192:Built
1539:Guam
1488:Utah
1443:Ohio
1343:Iowa
1133:ISBN
822:and
633:and
625:and
481:and
454:and
430:(as
409:fish
403:and
316:, a
265:and
240:band
195:1625
1097:233
838:by
805:in
202:No.
1686::
1022:.
1018:.
956:^
935:.
924:^
914:.
908:.
897:^
842:.
509:.
419:,
415:,
411:,
399:,
395:,
391:,
320:.
289:.
143:,
1269::
1199:e
1192:t
1185:v
1141:.
1071:.
1047:.
1024:1
1003:.
978:.
950:.
250:/
27:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
